CN112831401A - Sampling brush and sampling head suitable for solid surface microorganism sampling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sampling brush and a sampling head suitable for sampling microorganisms on a solid surface, which can be suitable for sampling of a complex surface and can also realize effective sampling of samples with hollow and uneven solid surfaces. This sampling brush includes: bristles and bristle carriers; the bristle bracket is of a hollow structure, and liquid storage materials are filled in a cavity of the bristle bracket; the lower end face of the bristle bracket is provided with bristles, the bristles are formed by wrapping bristle fiber bundles by bristle outer skins, and the bristle fiber bundles extend out of the bristle outer skins for a set length; the outer skin of the brush hair is made of elastic material; the bristle fibers forming the bristle fiber bundles are made of materials with water absorption and water delivery functions; one end of the brush hair is implanted into the brush hair support cavity and contacts with the liquid storage material; more than one vent hole is arranged on the upper end surface of the bristle bracket. In addition, based on the sampling brush, the invention also provides a translation type sampling head and a rotary type sampling head.

Description

Sampling brush and sampling head suitable for solid surface microorganism sampling

Technical Field

The invention relates to a sampling brush and a sampling head, in particular to a sampling brush and a sampling head suitable for sampling microorganisms on a solid surface, and belongs to a microorganism detection sampling technology.

Background

The conventional solid surface microorganism sampling generally adopts a surface smearing method. The method for sampling the microorganisms on the solid surface is specified in national standards GB4789.17-2003 and GB/T18204.4-2013, aseptic operation is carried out on the solid surface, a sterilized dry cotton swab is used for evenly smearing the sample at a proper position or a certain area of the solid surface back and forth for sample collection, the head of the cotton swab is cut off by a pair of sterilizing scissors and then is put into a buffer solution for shaking elution, and the shaking elution is carried out, namely the collected microorganism sample on the solid surface.

However, the method for sampling microorganisms on the solid surface by using the cotton swab only aims at local sampling of the solid surface, and the sample collection amount is very limited; meanwhile, the sampling specification plate adopted by the method can only sample samples with flat solid surfaces, and has limitation on samples with hollow and uneven solid surfaces; when the contamination level of germs or viruses on the solid surface is low, effective collection of samples cannot be carried out, and the detection result is inevitably inaccurate.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the invention provides a sampling brush suitable for sampling microorganisms on a solid surface, which can be adapted to sampling on a complex surface, and can also effectively collect samples with hollow and uneven solid surfaces.

The sampling brush suitable for sampling the microorganisms on the solid surface comprises: bristles and bristle carriers;

the bristle bracket is of a hollow structure, and liquid storage materials are filled in a cavity of the bristle bracket;

the bristles are arranged on the lower end face of the bristle bracket and are formed by wrapping bristle fiber bundles by bristle outer skins, and the bristle fiber bundles extend out of the bristle outer skins by a set length;

the outer skin of the bristles is made of an elastic material; one end of the brush hair is implanted into the brush hair support cavity and is contacted with the liquid storage material;

more than one vent hole is arranged on the upper end surface of the bristle bracket.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the bristle carrier is provided with a quick connector.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the quick connector is of a hollow structure and is communicated with the inner cavity of the bristle bracket; the top opening of the quick connector is used as a liquid inlet for supplementing liquid to the inner cavity of the bristle carrier.

In addition, the present invention provides a sampling head suitable for solid surface microorganism sampling, the sampling head being a translational sampling head, comprising: the device comprises a driving mechanism A, a traveling mechanism and a sampling brush; the sampling brush is the limited sampling brush;

the driving mechanism A is used for providing power for the travelling mechanism;

the walking mechanism is used for driving the sampling brush to move in the sampling area;

the sampling brush is used for sampling microorganisms on the surface of a solid.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the driving mechanism A is a driving motor A;

the running gear includes: the driving travelling mechanism is connected with the driving mechanism A, and the driven travelling mechanism is connected with the driving travelling mechanism; the active running gear includes: the device comprises a gear A, a rack A, a travelling wheel A and a guide rail A; the passive running gear includes: the gear B, the rack B, the traveling wheel B and the guide rail B are arranged on the frame;

the driving motor A is fixedly supported on a sampling brush fixing frame through a fixed connecting rod piece A, and the sampling brush is connected to the sampling brush fixing frame; the sampling brush fixing frame is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft A; two ends of the connecting shaft A are respectively supported on the bracket A and the bracket B;

the gear A is coaxially and fixedly connected to a motor output shaft of the driving motor A, the motor output shaft is supported on the bracket A through a bearing B, and the rack A is meshed with the gear A to form gear-rack transmission; the guide rail A is fixed on the lower end face of the rack A; the walking wheels A are in rolling fit with the lower surfaces of the guide rails A; the travelling wheel A is supported at one end of the connecting shaft A through a bearing;

the walking wheel B is supported at the other end of the connecting shaft A through a bearing; a guide rail B in rolling fit with the travelling wheel B is fixed on the lower end face of the rack B; the gear B is meshed with the rack B; the connecting shaft B is supported on the bracket B as a gear shaft of the gear B through a bearing.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the sampling head further comprises a stroke limiting assembly, and the stroke limiting assembly comprises stroke limiting sensors arranged at two ends of the walking direction of the walking mechanism.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: a sampling head cover is covered outside the sampling head, and the bottom of the sampling head cover is provided with an opening; the sampling head cover is used for supporting the sampling head in the sampling process.

In addition, the invention also provides another sampling head suitable for solid surface microorganism sampling, wherein the sampling head is a rotary sampling head and comprises: a driving mechanism B and a sampling assembly;

the sampling assembly includes: the sampling brush bracket and more than two sampling brushes; the sampling brush is the sampling brush of any one of claims 1-3;

more than two sampling brushes are uniformly distributed on the lower end face of the sampling brush bracket at intervals along the circumferential direction by taking the axis of the sampling brush bracket as the center;

the driving mechanism B is used for driving the sampling assembly to rotate around the axis of the sampling assembly.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the drive mechanism B includes: a drive motor B and a motor base;

the driving motor B is fixed on the motor base through a fixed connecting rod B; and an output shaft of the driving motor B extends out of the bearing fixed on the motor base and is connected with the sampling brush bracket.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: and a motor cover covers the outside of the driving motor B.

Has the advantages that:

(1) the sampling brush is formed by wrapping bristle fiber bundles with elastic bristle sheaths, can adapt to sampling of complex surfaces, and can also effectively collect samples with hollow and uneven solid surfaces.

(2) The sampling brush has a quick insertion structure, and an operator can conveniently and quickly replace the sampling brush according to the use requirement in the sampling process.

(3) The sampling brush has a liquid storage function inside, and can convey liquid to the bristles of the sampling brush, so that the bristles of the sampling brush can achieve a wetting effect, and effective collection of microorganisms is realized.

(4) The translational sampling head can sample at a constant speed, and sampling efficiency of each point in a sampling area is consistent without leakage.

(5) The rotary sampling head can deal with emergent biological safety events and implement emergent large-scale screening and sampling.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a sampling brush in embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of a sampling brush in example 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part of a sampling brush in section according to example 1;

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the sampling brush in example 1;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a sampling brush in example 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a translating sampling head in embodiment 2;

FIG. 7 is a view showing the working direction of the translating sampling head in embodiment 2;

FIG. 8 is a top view showing the working direction of the translating sampling head in embodiment 2;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the operation of the translating sampling head in embodiment 2;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of a structure of a rotary sampling head in embodiment 3;

FIG. 11 is a layout view of a sampling brush of a rotary sampling head in example 3;

fig. 12 is a sectional view of a driving part of the rotary sampling head in embodiment 3;

fig. 13 is a view showing the working direction of the rotary sampling head in embodiment 3.

Wherein: 191-bristles, 192-bristle brackets, 193-quick interfaces, 194-liquid storage materials, 195-bristle skins, 196-bristle fiber bundles, 197-vent holes and 198-liquid inlets;

1-bearing A, 2-connecting shaft A, 3-bracket A, 4-stroke limit sensor A, 5-motor output shaft, 6-bearing B, 7-gear A, 8-driving motor A, 9-fixed connecting rod piece A, 10-supporting connecting piece A, 11-guide rail B, 12-bracket B, 13-gear B, 14-connecting shaft B, 15-rack B, 16-guide rail A, 17-walking wheel B, 18-sampling brush fixing frame, 19-sampling brush, 20-supporting connecting piece B, 21-rack A, 22-stroke limit sensor B and 23-walking wheel A; 24-head cover

121-a sampling brush bracket, 122-driving motors B and 123-fixed connecting rods B, 124-a motor base and 125-a motor cover.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

the embodiment provides a sampling brush suitable for solid surface microorganism sampling, can adapt to the sampling of complicated surface, can realize the effective collection of sample equally to solid surface pothole, uneven sample.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the sampling brush includes: bristles 191, bristle carrier 192, and quick interface 193; wherein the bristle holder 192 is hollow, and a liquid storage material 194, such as a sponge material, is filled in the hollow cavity; a plurality of rows of bristles 191 are arranged at the lower end face of the bristle bracket 191 in an array mode, and the bristles 191 are formed by wrapping bristle fiber bundles 196 by bristle skin 195 (the bristle fiber bundles 196 extend out of the bristle skin 195 by a set length); wherein the outer skin 195 of the brush hair is made of elastic polymer material; the bristle fibers used to form the bristle fiber bundles 196 are made of a material having water absorbing and water transporting functions, such as cotton fibers, and the elasticity of the bristle sheath 195 allows the sampler to sample complex surfaces with undulations on the solid surface. The bristles 191 have one end implanted in the cavity of the bristle carrier 192 in contact with the reservoir material 194.

As shown in fig. 5, vent holes 197 are arranged on the upper end surface of the bristle carrier 192, and quick connectors 193 are arranged at both ends of the upper end surface, and the quick connectors 193 are hollow structures and are communicated with the inner cavity of the bristle carrier 192, so that the top opening of the quick connector 193 can be used as a liquid inlet 198 for supplementing physiological saline to the inner cavity of the bristle carrier. When the sampling brush is infiltrated, the physiological saline enters the inner cavity of the bristle bracket 192 through the liquid inlet 198 of the quick connector 193, the liquid storage material 194 absorbs the liquid to be in a balanced state, and meanwhile, the bristles 191 also absorb the liquid to be in a balanced state.

The physiological saline consumed by the bristles 191 of the sampling brush can be continuously supplemented from the liquid storage material 194 containing the physiological saline in the inner cavity of the bristle bracket 192, and the bristle fiber bundle 196 wrapped by the bristle skin 195 has a siphonage phenomenon on water on a microscopic level, so that the bristle fiber bundle 196 has water absorption and water delivery functions; the vent holes 197 on the bristle carrier 192 play a role in balancing the pressure between the inner cavity of the bristle carrier 192 and the external atmosphere, eliminating the resistance when the physiological saline is conveyed from the inner cavity of the bristle carrier 192 to the bristle fiber bundles 196, keeping the bristles 191 in a wetting effect all the time, and realizing the effective collection of microorganisms on the solid surface.

Example 2:

based on the sampling brush in embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a translational sampling head, which is an automatic sampling mechanism and can sample at a constant rate.

As shown in fig. 6-9, the translating sampling head comprises: the device comprises a driving mechanism A, a traveling mechanism, a stroke limiting assembly and a sampling assembly A; the driving mechanism A is used for providing power for the travelling mechanism; the walking mechanism is used for driving the sampling assembly to move in the sampling area; the stroke limiting assembly is used for limiting the stroke of the travelling mechanism; the sampling component is used for realizing sampling. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

the drive mechanism a includes: the device comprises a driving motor A8, a fixed connecting rod A9 and a motor control signal transmission line;

the running gear includes: gear A7, rack A21, gear B13, rack B15, road wheel A23, guide rail A16, road wheel B17, guide rail B16, bracket A3 and bracket B12;

the stroke limiting assembly comprises: a travel limit sensor A4, a travel limit sensor B22 and control and signal transmission lines thereof;

the sampling assembly a includes: a sampling brush fixing frame 18 and a sampling brush 19, wherein the sampling brush 19 is the sampling brush in the embodiment 1.

The integral connection relation of the translational sampling head is as follows: the driving motor A8 is supported on a fixed connecting rod A9, and a fixed connecting rod A9 is fixed on the sampling brush fixing frame 18; the sampling brush holder 18 is fixed to the connecting shaft a2, whereby the drive motor housing, the fixed connecting rod 9, the sampling brush holder 18, and the connecting shaft a2 form a rigid structure.

The gear A7 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the motor output shaft 5 of the driving motor A8, and when the driving motor A8 is started, the motor output shaft 5 drives the gear A7 to rotate together; the rack A21 and the gear A7 are meshed to form gear-rack transmission, and the gear-rack transmission has a fixed transmission ratio, so the gear A7 can drive the running mechanism to do uniform linear motion along the length direction of the rack A21 and control the rotating speed of the driving motor A8, the running speed of the running mechanism can be controlled, and the running speed of the running mechanism is higher than that of the running mechanism used for accurate sampling when the running mechanism is used for large-area quick sampling.

The walking mechanism is provided with two sets of motion mechanisms which are symmetrical and parallel in space; one set of motion mechanism is an active motion mechanism, and the other set of motion mechanism is a passive motion mechanism. The active motion mechanism is directly connected with the output shaft 5 of the motor, and the assembly relation is as follows: the guide rail A23 is fixed on the lower end surface of the rack A21 through a connecting fastener; the bracket A3 is characterized in that a gear A7 and a walking wheel A23 are respectively assembled and positioned on a rack A21 and a guide rail A16 through a bearing B6 assembled on the motor output shaft 5 and a bearing A1 assembled on a connecting shaft A2, namely the motor output shaft 5 is supported on the bracket A3 through the bearing B6 to ensure that the gear A7 is reliably meshed with the rack A21, the walking wheel A23 is in rolling fit with the lower surface of the guide rail A16, a strip-shaped groove is formed in the lower surface of the guide rail A16, and the walking wheel A23 is in close fit with the strip-shaped groove on the guide rail A16 to form a groove-wheel high pair connecting structure; the road wheel a23 is supported by bearings at one end of the connecting shaft a2 (ensuring that the connecting shaft a2 does not rotate when the road wheel a23 rolls), at which end the connecting shaft a2 is supported by bearings a1 on the bracket A3.

The other end of connecting axle A2 sets up passive running gear, specifically is: the rack B15 and the guide rail B11 are fixed together through a connecting fastener, the gear B13 is assembled on the connecting shaft B14, and the gear B13 is meshed with the rack B15; the bracket B12 is used for assembling and positioning the gear B13 and the road wheel B17 on the rack B15 and the guide rail B11 respectively through a bearing assembled on the connecting shaft B14 and a bearing assembled on the connecting shaft 2, namely the connecting shaft B14 serving as a gear shaft of the gear B13 is supported on the bracket B12 through a bearing so as to ensure that the gear B13 is reliably meshed with the rack B15; the road wheel B17 is supported by bearings at the other end of the connecting shaft a2, at which end the connecting shaft a2 is supported by bearings on the bracket B12. The traveling wheel B17 is in rolling fit with the lower surface of the guide rail B11, a strip-shaped groove is formed in the lower surface of the guide rail B11, and the traveling wheel B17 is in close fit with the strip-shaped groove in the guide rail B11 to form a groove-wheel high pair connecting structure.

Two ends of the two sets of motion mechanisms in the walking direction are respectively fixed with the supporting connecting piece A10 and the supporting connecting piece B20 through connecting fasteners, so that a walking structure is formed.

Travel limit sensors are respectively arranged at two ends (two ends in the traveling direction of the traveling structure) of the guide rail A16 or the guide rail B11 and are used for travel limit of the traveling structure, and the driving motor A8 is controlled to rotate forwards or backwards according to trigger signals of the two travel limit sensors. Let the travel limit sensor located at the side of the supporting connector a10 be a travel limit sensor a4, the travel limit sensor located at the side of the supporting connector B20 be a travel limit sensor B22, and take the example that the travel limit sensor is arranged on the guide rail a 16: when the travelling mechanism moves to the end where the supporting connecting piece A10 is located, the bracket A3 contacts and triggers the travel limit sensor A4, the travel limit sensor A4 transmits a trigger signal to the external control unit, the external control unit controls the driving motor A8 to rotate reversely, so that the travelling mechanism reversely makes uniform linear motion until the travelling mechanism moves to the end where the supporting connecting piece B2 is located, the bracket A3 contacts and triggers the travel limit sensor B22, the travel limit sensor B22 transmits the trigger signal to the external control unit, and the external control unit controls the driving motor A8 to rotate forwards; the reciprocating linear motion of the walking mechanism is realized by the cyclic reciprocation. In order to make the sampling efficiency of each point of the sampling head in the sampling area consistent, the sampling head should be moved uniformly as far as possible without leaking sampling.

Sampling brush 19 passes through quick interface detachable to be connected on sampling brush mount 18, and sampling brush 19 is connected with sampling brush mount 18 detachable to the change of the brush of conveniently sampling. When the sampling head works, the sampling brush 19 and the walking mechanism do reciprocating linear motion together, and brush on the surface of the solid sample in a reciprocating manner, so that the collection of microorganisms on the surface of the solid is realized. Before sampling, the sampling brush 19 needs to be soaked in a container filled with sterile physiological saline for sufficient infiltration.

As shown in FIG. 9, the sampling head is externally covered with a sampling head cover 24, the bottom of the sampling head cover 24 is open, and the sampling head is externally covered from the top of the sampling head; the sampling hood 24 plays a role in supporting the sampling head in the sampling process, and the edge (namely the left and right opposite edges of the lower end of the sampling hood 24) which plays a supporting role on the sampling hood 24 preferably has a smooth arc-shaped structure, so that the sampling head can conveniently move in a sampling area. The lower end of the sampling brush 19 extends out of the sampling hood 24 for a set length; the flexibility of the bristle skin 195 allows the sampler to sample complex surfaces with solid surface undulations Δ, the length of the sampling brush 19 extending out of the sampling head cap 24.

The sampling principle of the translational sampling head is as follows:

in a representative sample area, the sampling brush 19 controlled to be wetted by the head is repeatedly operated, so that target microorganisms existing on solid surfaces, especially complex solid surfaces, are effectively adhered to the surfaces of the bristles 191 of the sampling brush 19; as shown in fig. 8, the effective sampling area is finally formed by the stroke S1 of the sampling brush 19 and the width S2 of the travel during operation (i.e., the width of the sampling brush). The sampling area formed by the stroke S1 and the effective working width S2 of the sampling brush conforms to the regulations of the national standard GB4789.17-2003 and GB/T18204.4-2013 on the sampling area in the solid surface microorganism sampling method.

By changing the walking speed of the sampling head, large-area rapid sampling and accurate sampling can be realized.

The method for sampling the microorganisms on the solid surface by adopting the translational sampling head comprises the following steps:

(1) fixing a sampling brush fully soaked with physiological saline on a sampling brush fixing frame 18 through a quick connector I and a quick connector II;

(2) the rotating speed of the driving motor A8 is determined according to the sampling purpose, when the high-speed sampling device is used for large-area quick sampling, the high rotating speed is set, and when the high-speed sampling device is used for accurate sampling, the low rotating speed is set;

(3) starting the driving mechanism A, and controlling the driving motor A8 to rotate forwards or backwards to enable the driving mechanism A to drive the sampling brush 19 to do reciprocating linear motion with the traveling mechanism; in the movement process, the sampling brush 19 brushes on the surface of the solid sample in a reciprocating mode to realize the collection of microorganisms on the surface of the solid sample, the sampling mode can sample at a constant speed, the sampling efficiency of each point in a sampling area is consistent, the problem that the sampling efficiency of each point cannot be always consistent when a sampling person carries out manual sampling is avoided, and the sampling is not leaked.

(4) And (3) sample detection treatment: after the brushing, each sampling brush 19 is immediately taken down and put into a triangular flask or a large test tube filled with 50mL of sterilized normal saline for immediate inspection.

The sampling head is disinfected after large-area sampling or accurate sampling is carried out every time, and secondary pollution is prevented.

Example 3:

the embodiment provides a rotary sampling head, and the sampling head adopting the structure can deal with emergent biological safety events and carry out emergent large-scale screening and sampling.

As shown in fig. 10-13, the rotary sampling head comprises: a drive mechanism and a sampling assembly; to distinguish from embodiment 2, the driving mechanism in this embodiment is referred to as driving mechanism B; the sampling component is a sampling component B;

wherein sampling subassembly B is the gyration part, includes: a sampling brush holder 121 and a plurality of sampling brushes 19; the sampling brush 19 is the sampling brush in embodiment 1 described above. The sampling brush bracket 121 is of a disc structure, and a plurality of sampling brushes 19 are uniformly distributed on the lower end surface of the sampling brush bracket 121 at intervals along the circumferential direction by taking the axis of the sampling brush bracket 121 as the center; the sampling brush 19 is connected to the sampling brush holder 121 via a quick interface.

Actuating mechanism B is used for driving sampling component B and rotates, and actuating mechanism B includes: a drive motor B122, a motor cover 125, and a motor base 124; the driving motor B122 is fixed on a fixed connecting rod B123, and the fixed connecting rod B123 is fixed on a motor base 124; the output shaft of the driving motor B122 extends out through a bearing fixed on the motor base 124 (i.e. the output shaft of the driving motor B122 is supported on the motor base 124 through a bearing), and is connected with the sampling brush bracket 121. When the driving motor B122 is started, the motor output shaft rotates to drive the sampling brush holder 121 to rotate at a constant angular speed around the axis AB (i.e., the central axis of the sampling brush holder 121) as shown in fig. 10, so that the sampling brush on the sampling brush holder 121 performs a circular motion on the surface of the sampling area to perform sampling. The area formed by the envelope area of the rotation of the sampling brush and the travel of the sampling head (where the travel of the sampling head refers to the distance the sampling person operates the sampling head to move) is the effective sampling area.

The drive motor B122 is externally housed with a motor housing 125.

The rotary sampling head can rotate at a constant angular speed, and due to the fact that the rotary sampling head is provided with the plurality of sampling brushes, the sampling area is multiple times of that of the sampling head in the embodiment 1, and the purpose of large-range rapid sampling screening can be met. When emergency large-scale screening sampling is required to be carried out in response to an emergent biological safety event, the sampling head with the structure can be adopted.

The sampling principle of the rotary sampling head is as follows:

in a representative sample area, the rotating operation of a sampling brush for controlling the wetting of the head is matched with the movement of the sampling head in the sampling area, and target microorganisms existing on a solid surface, especially a complex solid surface, are effectively adhered to the surface of the brush hair; the effective sampling area is finally formed through the rotation of the sampling brush and the moving width during working.

The method for sampling microorganisms on the surface of a solid by adopting the rotary sampling head comprises the following steps:

(1) a plurality of sampling brushes 19 fully soaked with physiological saline are fixed on a sampling brush bracket 121 through a quick interface;

(2) and starting the driving mechanism B, wherein the motor output shaft rotates to drive the sampling brush bracket 121 to rotate at a constant angular speed, and the sampling brushes on the sampling brush bracket 121 do circular motion on the surface of a sampling area to perform sampling.

(3) And (3) sample detection treatment: the sampling brush is immediately taken down after the brushing is finished and put into a triangular flask or a large test tube filled with 50mL of sterilized normal saline for immediate inspection. The sampling head is disinfected after emergency screening sampling is carried out every time, so that secondary pollution is prevented.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Sampling brush suitable for solid surface microorganism sampling, its characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: bristles (191) and a bristle carrier (192);

the bristle bracket (192) is of a hollow structure, and a liquid storage material (194) is filled in a cavity of the bristle bracket;

arranging bristles (191) on the lower end face of the bristle bracket (191), wherein the bristles (191) are formed by wrapping bristle fiber bundles (196) by bristle outer skins (195), and the bristle fiber bundles (196) extend out of the bristle outer skins (195) for a set length;

the outer skin (195) of the brush hair is made of elastic material; one end of the brush hair (191) is implanted into the cavity of the brush hair bracket (192) to be contacted with the liquid storage material (194);

more than one vent hole (197) is arranged on the upper end surface of the bristle bracket (192).

2. A sampling brush as defined in claim 1 adapted for solid surface microbiological sampling wherein: the bristle carrier (192) is provided with a quick interface (193).

3. A sampling brush as defined in claim 2 adapted for solid surface microbiological sampling wherein: the quick interface (193) is of a hollow structure and is communicated with the inner cavity of the bristle carrier (192); the top opening of the quick interface (193) is used as a liquid inlet (198) for supplementing liquid to the inner cavity of the bristle carrier (192).

4. Sampling head suitable for solid surface microorganism sampling, its characterized in that: the sampling head is translation formula sampling head, includes: the device comprises a driving mechanism A, a traveling mechanism and a sampling brush; the sampling brush is the sampling brush of any one of claims 1-3;

the driving mechanism A is used for providing power for the travelling mechanism;

the walking mechanism is used for driving the sampling brush to move in the sampling area;

the sampling brush is used for sampling microorganisms on the surface of a solid.

5. A sampling head suitable for solid surface microbiological sampling according to claim 4 wherein: the driving mechanism A is a driving motor A (8);

the running gear includes: the driving travelling mechanism is connected with the driving mechanism A, and the driven travelling mechanism is connected with the driving travelling mechanism; the active running gear includes: a gear A (7), a rack A (21), a walking wheel A (23) and a guide rail A (16); the passive running gear includes: a gear B (13), a rack B (15), a traveling wheel B (17) and a guide rail B (16);

the driving motor A (8) is fixedly supported on a sampling brush fixing frame (18) through a fixed connecting rod piece A (9), and the sampling brush (19) is connected to the sampling brush fixing frame (18); the sampling brush fixing frame (18) is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft A (2); two ends of the connecting shaft A (2) are respectively supported on the bracket A (3) and the bracket B (12);

the gear A (7) is coaxially and fixedly connected to a motor output shaft (5) of the driving motor A (8), the motor output shaft (5) is supported on the support A (3) through a bearing B (6), and the rack A (21) is meshed with the gear A (7) to form gear-rack transmission; the guide rail A (23) is fixed on the lower end face of the rack A (21); the travelling wheel A (23) is in rolling fit with the lower surface of the guide rail A (16); the travelling wheel A (23) is supported at one end of the connecting shaft A (2) through a bearing;

the travelling wheel B (17) is supported at the other end of the connecting shaft A (2) through a bearing; a guide rail B (11) in rolling fit with the traveling wheel B (17) is fixed on the lower end face of the rack B (15); the gear B (13) is meshed with the rack B (15); the connecting shaft B (14) is supported on the bracket B (12) as a gear shaft of the gear B (13) through a bearing.

6. A sampling head suitable for solid surface microbiological sampling according to claim 4 or 5 wherein: the sampling head further comprises a stroke limiting assembly, and the stroke limiting assembly comprises stroke limiting sensors arranged at two ends of the walking direction of the walking mechanism.

7. A sampling head suitable for solid surface microbiological sampling according to claim 4 or 5 wherein: a sampling head cover (24) is covered outside the sampling head, and the bottom of the sampling head cover (24) is open; the sampling head cover (24) is used to support the sampling head during sampling.

8. A sampling head suitable for solid surface microorganism sampling, which is characterized in that: the sampling head is rotation type sampling head, includes: a driving mechanism B and a sampling assembly;

the sampling assembly includes: a sampling brush bracket (121) and more than two sampling brushes (19); the sampling brush is the sampling brush of any one of claims 1-3;

the more than two sampling brushes (19) are uniformly distributed on the lower end face of the sampling brush bracket (121) at intervals along the circumferential direction by taking the axis of the sampling brush bracket (121) as the center;

the driving mechanism B is used for driving the sampling assembly to rotate around the axis of the sampling assembly.

9. A sampling head suitable for solid surface microbiological sampling according to claim 8 wherein: the drive mechanism B includes: a drive motor B (122) and a motor base (124);

the driving motor B (122) is fixed on the motor base (124) through a fixed connecting rod B (123); and an output shaft of the driving motor B (122) extends out through a bearing fixed on a motor base (124) and is connected with the sampling brush bracket (121).

10. A sampling head suitable for solid surface microbiological sampling according to claim 9 wherein: and a motor cover (125) is covered outside the driving motor B (122).

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