CN112831355A - Radiation waste boiler, gasification furnace containing radiation waste boiler, heat recovery system and heat recovery process - Google Patents
Radiation waste boiler, gasification furnace containing radiation waste boiler, heat recovery system and heat recovery process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112831355A CN112831355A CN202110254147.3A CN202110254147A CN112831355A CN 112831355 A CN112831355 A CN 112831355A CN 202110254147 A CN202110254147 A CN 202110254147A CN 112831355 A CN112831355 A CN 112831355A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a radiation waste pot, a gasification furnace containing the radiation waste pot, a heat recovery system and a heat recovery process, wherein the radiation waste pot comprises: the cylinder water-cooled wall is circumferentially arranged along the inner wall surface of the radiation waste boiler to form a circumferentially sealed radiation waste boiler cavity; the heat exchange units are arranged in the cavity of the radiation waste boiler and are distributed along the circumferential direction; each group of heat exchange units comprises a convection section and a first radiation screen, wherein the convection section and the first radiation screen are positioned on the same straight line and are sequentially arranged along the direction from the water cooled wall of the cylinder body to the central shaft of the cavity of the radiation waste boiler; the first radiation screen and the convection section of each group of heat exchange units form a long radiation screen; the width of the first radiation screen is larger than that of the convection section; the width refers to the maximum dimension in the circumferential direction. The radiation waste boiler provided by the invention can generate superheated steam, a water-cooled tube of the superheated steam is not easy to dry burn, and meanwhile, the height of the radiation waste boiler is reduced, and the investment cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a radiation waste boiler, a gasification furnace containing the radiation waste boiler, a heat recovery system and a heat recovery process.
Background
The coal gasification process is a process of converting combustible parts in coal or coal coke into synthesis gas/combustible gas by chemical reaction with oxygen (air, oxygen-enriched oxygen or industrial pure oxygen) and steam as a gasification agent. The entrained flow gasification technology is the mainstream technology of coal gasification at present due to the characteristics of good technical indexes, high treatment load, environmental friendliness and the like. The entrained flow gasification process is characterized by high temperature, namely, pure oxygen/oxidant and coal are subjected to partial oxidation reaction, so that most of combustible substances in the coal are converted into synthesis gas/combustible gas at the high temperature of 1300 ℃. At such high temperatures, the high temperature syngas/fuel gas exiting the gasifier contains a significant amount of high grade sensible heat. With the improvement of the requirement on the energy utilization rate in the coal conversion process, how to effectively recover the heat of the high-temperature synthesis gas discharged from the gasification chamber becomes a problem which needs to be solved more and more urgently.
For the sensible heat recovery of high-temperature synthesis gas, corresponding radiation boilers have been developed, such as GE coal water slurry gasification radiation waste boiler, multi-nozzle coal water slurry gasification radiation waste boiler, jin Hua furnace coal water slurry gasification radiation waste boiler, and the like, and all the technologies realize industrial operation. Chinese patent documents CN201110083947.x, CN 201310322452.7, CN201320708028, 201520077861, X, CN201810001028.5 disclose a method or apparatus for recovering sensible heat from high-temperature syngas by means of radiation heat transfer. The prior art realizes the cooling of high-temperature synthesis gas and produces a byproduct of saturated steam with a certain pressure grade. But the radiation heat transfer area is increased by additionally arranging a radiation screen or increasing the height of a radiation waste boiler so as to effectively recover the heat of the high-temperature synthesis gas, so that the method has the limitations of high investment and incapability of producing superheated steam as a byproduct. Chinese patent document CN108410510A discloses an integrated coal gasifier for ash removal from a waste boiler, which divides a water-cooled wall into an upper section and a lower section, wherein the lower section is an evaporation section to generate saturated steam, and the upper section is a superheating section to generate superheated steam. Although the limitation that superheated steam cannot be generated as a byproduct is solved, the superheated section of the superheated steam is directly exposed in high heat flow density of high-temperature synthesis gas, and the temperature difference between two sides of a pipeline is large, so that dry burning is easily caused and damage is easily caused. And the overheating section and the evaporation section are arranged up and down, so that an inlet and outlet pipeline must be arranged in the middle of the boiler, and the defects of complex design and poor reliability are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that superheated steam cannot be byproduct and the investment cost is high in the prior art, and provides a low-cost radiation waste pot capable of byproduct superheated steam, a gasification furnace containing the radiation waste pot, a heat recovery system and a heat recovery process. The waste radiation boiler provided by the invention can produce superheated steam as a byproduct, and the height of the waste radiation boiler is greatly reduced compared with the prior art under the same treatment capacity.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a radiation waste pot, which comprises:
the cylinder water-cooling wall is circumferentially arranged along the inner wall surface of the radiation waste boiler to form a circumferentially sealed radiation waste boiler cavity;
the heat exchange units are arranged in the cavity of the radiation waste boiler and are distributed along the circumferential direction;
each group of heat exchange units comprises a convection section and a first radiation screen, wherein the convection section and the first radiation screen are positioned on the same straight line and are sequentially arranged along the direction from the water-cooled wall of the cylinder body to the central shaft of the cavity of the radiation waste boiler;
the first radiation screen and the convection section of each group of heat exchange units form a long radiation screen;
the width of the first radiant screen is greater than the width of the convection section;
the width refers to the maximum dimension in the circumferential direction.
In the present invention, the water wall of the cylinder can be in the form of a radiant heat exchanger conventional in the art, such as a radiant surface type or a radiant tube type, preferably a radiant tube type.
Wherein, the radiant tube type can be formed by connecting a plurality of radiant tubes through connecting rib plates.
In the present invention, the lengths of the plurality of groups of long radiation screens may be the same or different, and preferably the same.
Wherein the length refers to a dimension in a radial direction.
In the present invention, the convection section may take the form of a heat exchanger conventional in the art, such as a tubular or coil, preferably a tubular.
In the present invention, the first radiant screen may take the form of a heat exchanger conventional in the art, such as a tubular or coil type, preferably a tubular type.
In the present invention, the ratio of the width W1 of the first radiant screen to the width W2 of the convection section may be 3 to 7, preferably 4.
The width ratio of the first radiation screen to the convection section can influence the heat flow density of the convection section, and the proper width ratio can prevent the heat exchange tube of the convection section from being dry-burned and can generate superheated steam with a certain superheat degree.
In the present invention, the ratio of the length L1 of the first radiant screen to the length L2 of the convection section, which refers to the radial dimension, may be 0.4 to 3, preferably 0.75.
The ratio of the length of the first radiant screen L1 to the length of the convection section L2 can affect the heat exchange area of the convection section and thus the superheat of the superheated steam produced by the convection section.
In the present invention, preferably, the first radiation screen has an inverted T shape, and the first radiation screen includes:
a first radiant screen end proximate to the convection section;
the first radiation screen belly is close to the central shaft of the radiation waste pot cavity.
In the invention, the distance X1 between two adjacent groups of the long radiation screens can be (0.05-0.4) D2, wherein D2 is the inner diameter of the water wall of the cylinder body.
Preferably, the distance X1 between two adjacent groups of the long radiation screens is in the range of 300-1000 mm, such as 419mm, 628mm, 838mm, 977mm, and more preferably 628 mm.
The distance X1 refers to the distance between the front ends of two adjacent groups of the long radiation screens.
The front end refers to the end close to the central axis of the cavity of the radiation waste pan.
In the present invention, preferably, each group of the heat exchange units further includes one or more second radiation screens, a rear end of each second radiation screen is disposed adjacent to the water-cooled wall of the cylinder, and a length L4 of each second radiation screen is smaller than a length L3 of each long radiation screen.
Wherein, the ratio of the length L3 of the long radiation screen to the length L4 of the second radiation screen is preferably (1.2-3): 1, more preferably 2: 1.
Wherein the second radiant screen may take the form of a heat exchanger conventional in the art, such as a tubular or tubular, preferably a tubular, type.
Wherein, the number of the second radiation screens included in each group of the heat exchange units is preferably 1.
Preferably, the second radiation screens and the long radiation screens of the multiple groups of heat exchange units are alternately arranged.
Preferably, the second radiation screens and the long radiation screens in each group of heat exchange are arranged alternately, and the distances X2 between any two adjacent long radiation screens and the second radiation screens are the same, where the distance X2 refers to the circumferential distance between the rear ends of the long radiation screens and the rear ends of the second radiation screens.
The distance X2 between the second radiation screen and the long radiation screen can be (0.05-0.15) D2, wherein D2 is the inner diameter of the water wall of the cylinder body.
Preferably, the distance X2 between the second radiation screen and the long radiation screen is 300-500 mm, such as 314mm, 418mm, 488mm, and more preferably 314 mm.
Among the prior art, the length of the radiation screen in the radiation waste boiler cavity is generally the same, and in order to reduce radiation screen deposition and hang the sediment, the distance between the radiation screen sets up greatly usually, leads to effective heat transfer area not enough in the unit heat transfer space from this, and heat exchange efficiency is lower, can not effectively retrieve the heat in the synthetic gas. The invention adopts the mode of alternately arranging the long radiation screens and the short radiation screens, thereby not only ensuring the distance between the radiation screens, but also effectively utilizing the space of the cavity of the radiation waste boiler, effectively improving the heat exchange area and improving the heat exchange efficiency.
In the present invention, preferably, the lower header of the water-cooled wall of the cylinder, the lower headers of the respective groups of the first radiation screens, and the lower headers of the respective groups of the second radiation screens are connected to form a lower radiation header, and the lower radiation header is communicated with a cooling water inlet pipe.
In the invention, preferably, the upper header of the water-cooled wall of the cylinder, the upper headers of the first radiation screens of each group and the upper headers of the second radiation screens of each group are connected to form an upper radiation header, and the upper radiation header is communicated with a water outlet pipe of a saturated steam-water mixture.
In the present invention, preferably, the lower header tanks of each set of the convection section are connected to form a lower convection header tank, and the lower convection header tank is communicated with an intake pipe of saturated steam.
In the present invention, preferably, the upper header of each set of convection section is connected to form an upper convection header, and the upper convection header is communicated with the outlet pipe of the superheated steam.
The saturated steam is a gas phase obtained by gas-liquid separation of the saturated steam-water mixture, and a liquid phase obtained by gas-liquid separation of the saturated steam-water mixture is mixed with external cooling water to form the cooling water.
Wherein, the upper radiation header and the upper convection header are arranged at the top of the cavity of the radiation waste boiler.
Wherein, the lower radiation header and the lower convection header are arranged at the bottom of the cavity of the radiation waste boiler.
The upper radiation header collects a saturated steam-water mixture which is discharged from the water-cooled wall of the cylinder body, the first radiation screen and the second radiation screen; the lower radiation header distributes cooling water to enter the water-cooled wall of the cylinder body, the first radiation screen and the second radiation screen respectively; the upper convection header collects the superheated steam out of the convection section; and the lower convection header distributes saturated steam and the saturated steam respectively enters each heat exchange tube of the convection section.
In the invention, preferably, the novel radiation waste boiler further comprises a synthesis gas inlet, the synthesis gas inlet is arranged at the top of the cavity of the radiation waste boiler, and the synthesis waste gas from the gasification chamber enters the cavity of the radiation waste boiler through the synthesis gas inlet.
In the invention, the cavity of the radiation waste boiler can be a combination body with an upper cone and a lower cone, and can also be a straight cylinder type structure, preferably a straight cylinder type structure.
In the prior art, the bottom of the radiant scrap pan cavity is typically provided with a throat for introducing syngas and slag into the quench chamber. However, in actual industrial operation, slag blockage often occurs at the necking. The cavity of the radiant waste boiler is preferably in a straight cylinder type structure, so that the occurrence of slag blockage can be effectively reduced.
Wherein the height-diameter ratio H/D of the cavity of the radiation waste pot can be (2-20): 1, preferably (3-10): 1, more preferably 4: 1.
in the invention, preferably, the radiation waste boiler further comprises a top water-cooled wall section, and the top water-cooled wall section is circumferentially arranged at the top of the cavity of the radiation waste boiler to form the synthesis gas inlet.
In the invention, preferably, the radiation waste boiler further comprises a quenching section, the quenching section is arranged at the bottom of the cavity of the radiation waste boiler, a spraying device is arranged on one side of the quenching section facing the cavity of the radiation waste boiler, and the spraying device sprays cooling medium to further cool the synthesis gas and the ash slag.
Wherein the spray device comprises 50-300 chilling water spray heads.
Further, the chilling water spray head may be a pressure swirl atomizing spray head.
Further, the diameter of the outlet of the chilling water spray head can be 2-20 mm, and preferably 5 mm.
Further, the chilling water spray head and the radial direction of the cavity of the radiation waste boiler can form an angle of 0-60 degrees, and preferably 15 degrees.
Further, the diameter of the inlet of the chilling water spray head can be 8-20 mm, and is preferably 10 mm.
Further, the diameter of the water chamber of the chilling water spray head can be 30-80 mm, and preferably 50 mm.
Further, the outer diameter of the chilling water spray head can be 38-88 mm, and is preferably 58 mm.
In the invention, the radiation waste pot also comprises a chilling chamber.
Wherein the quench chamber may be conventional in the art, generally disposed below the quench section.
The quench chamber serves on the one hand to store spray water and on the other hand to further solidify the liquid slag for separation from the synthesis gas.
The invention also provides a gasification furnace containing the radiation waste boiler.
The invention also provides a system for recovering heat by using the radiation waste boiler.
The invention also provides a process for recovering heat by using the radiation waste boiler.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined randomly to obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The reagents and starting materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
the novel radiation waste boiler provided by the invention can generate superheated steam, the temperature of the superheated steam can reach 420 ℃, meanwhile, a water-cooling pipe for generating the superheated steam is not easy to dry burn, an inlet and outlet pipeline is not required to be arranged in the middle of the boiler, and the defects of complex design and poor reliability are overcome; under the condition of the same flow of synthetic gas treatment capacity, the height of the radiation waste boiler provided by the invention can be reduced by 43 percent compared with that of the traditional radiation waste boiler, and the investment cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the waterwall body of example 1;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a radiation waste pot application system of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a quench water spray head of example 1.
1-a syngas inlet; 2-radiation of the cavity of the waste boiler; 31-cylinder water-cooled wall; 32-convection section; 33-a first radiant screen; 331-a first radiant screen end portion; 332-a first radiating screen belly; 34-a second radiant screen; 35-long radiation screen; 36-a heat exchange unit; 4-top water-cooled wall sections; 5-a quenching section; 6-a chilling chamber; 7-chilled water spray heads; 81-lower radiation header; 82-an upper radiation header; 83-lower convection header; 84-upper convection header; 91-cold boiler water inlet pipe; 92-boiler water inlet pipe; 93-steam-water mixture outlet pipe; 94-saturated steam inlet pipe; 95-superheated steam output pipe; 96-steam drum; 101-cold boiler water; 102-synthesis gas; 103-superheated steam; 11-syngas outlet; 121-chilled water spray header water chamber; 122-chilled water spray nozzle inlet; 123-chilled water spray nozzle exit; d1-metal shell diameter; d2-inner diameter of water wall of the cylinder; h-the height of the radiant chaffy dish; l1 — first radiant screen length; l2-length of convection section; l3-long radiant screen length; l4 — second radiant screen length; w1 — first radiant screen width; w2-convection section width; d 0-chilled water spray head outside diameter; d 1-Water chamber diameter of chilled Water spray head; d 2-entrance diameter of the quench Water spray nozzles; d 3-exit diameter of chilled water spray head.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a radiation waste pot includes: the cylinder water-cooling wall 31 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner wall surface of the radiation waste boiler, and a radiation waste boiler cavity 2 which is sealed in the circumferential direction is formed in the cylinder water-cooling wall 31; the multiple groups of heat exchange units 36 are arranged in the radiation waste boiler cavity 2 and are distributed along the circumferential direction; each group of heat exchange units 36 comprises a convection section 32 and a first radiation screen 33, wherein the convection section 32 and the first radiation screen 33 are positioned on the same straight line and are sequentially arranged along the direction from the cylinder water wall 31 to the central axis of the radiation waste boiler cavity 2; the first radiation screen 33 and the convection section 32 of each group of heat exchange units 36 form a long radiation screen 35; the width of the first radiant screen 33 is greater than the width of the convection section 32; the width refers to the maximum dimension in the circumferential direction.
The first radiation screen 33 is shaped like an inverted T, the first radiation screen 33 comprises a first radiation screen end portion 331 and a first radiation screen belly portion 332, the first radiation screen end portion 331 is close to the convection section 32, and the first radiation screen belly portion 332 is close to the central axis of the radiation waste pan cavity 2.
The distance between two adjacent groups of long radiation screens 35 is 628 mm. Each group of heat exchange units 36 further comprises a second radiation screen 34, the rear end of the second radiation screen 34 is arranged close to the cylinder water-cooled wall 31, and the length of the second radiation screen 34 is smaller than that of the long radiation screen 35; the rear end is one end far away from the central shaft of the cavity 2 of the radiation waste pot; the ratio of the length of the second radiation screen 34 to the length of the long radiation screen 35 is 2: 1. The number of the second radiation screens 34 of each group of the heat exchange units 36 is 1; the second radiation screens 34 of the multiple sets of heat exchange units 36 are arranged alternately with the long radiation screens 35. The distance between two adjacent second radiation screens 34 and the long radiation screen 35 is 314 mm. The radiation waste pot cavity 2 is of a straight cylinder type structure, and the height-diameter ratio of the radiation waste pot cavity 2 is 4: 1.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, cold boiler water 101 enters the drum 96 through the cold boiler water inlet pipe 91 as make-up water for the drum 96. Saturated steam-water mixture from a radiation waste boiler enters a steam drum 96 through a steam-water mixture outlet pipe 93, gas and liquid are separated in the steam drum 96, liquid water and cold boiler water 101 are mixed in the steam drum 96 and enter a lower radiation header 81 through a boiler water inlet pipe 92 under the action of gravity, the lower radiation header 81 distributes the boiler water and respectively enters a first radiation screen 33, a cylinder water-cooled wall 31 and a second radiation screen 34, after receiving the radiation heat of high-temperature synthesis gas, the steam-water mixture is generated and enters the steam drum 96 through a steam-water mixture outlet pipe 93, the gas and the liquid are separated in the steam drum 96, the saturated steam enters a convection section 32 through a saturated steam inlet pipe 94, superheated steam is generated after convection heat transfer with relatively low heat flow density, and the superheated steam is sent out of a boundary region through a superheated steam outlet pipe 95.
Synthetic waste gas from a gasification chamber of a gasification furnace enters a radiation waste pot cavity 2 through a synthetic gas inlet 1, heat exchange is carried out between the synthetic waste gas and a water wall main body 3 and a top water-cooled wall section 4 in the radiation waste pot cavity 2, the temperature of the synthetic waste gas is greatly reduced after heat exchange, a chilling water spray head 7 is installed on a spray device of a chilling section 5, chilling water is sprayed by the chilling water spray head 7 to further cool down the synthetic gas 102, slag in the synthetic gas 102 is further solidified in the chilling chamber 6 and separated from the synthetic gas 102, and then the synthetic waste gas is output to the gasification furnace through a synthetic gas outlet 11.
Referring to FIG. 4, quench water enters quench water header chamber 121 from quench water header inlet 122 and enters quench water header outlet 123 from quench water header chamber 121. The diameter d3 of the outlet of the chilling water spray head is 5mm, the diameter d2 of the inlet of the chilling water spray head is 10mm, the outer diameter d0 of the chilling water spray head is 58mm, and the diameter d1 of the water chamber of the chilling water spray head is 50 mm.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
Example 1
The coal water slurry gasification device taking the chemical production as the final application has the daily coal treatment scale of 1500t/d, and the flow of the high-temperature coal gas which is discharged from the gasification furnace and enters the radiation waste boiler is about 190000Nm3The temperature is 1340 ℃, the ash flow is 6800kg/h (the ash content is about 30 percent), and the pressure is 6.5 MPa. In order to recover sensible heat carried by high-temperature coal gas, the bottom of a gasification chamber is provided with a shell inner diameter D1 of 4200mm, the inner diameter D2 of a water wall lining of 3200mm, the height of a straight section of 12m, long radiation screens and second radiation screens which are arranged at intervals, the number of the long radiation screens is 16, the distance between the long radiation screens is 628mm, the distance between the long radiation screens and the second radiation screens is 314mm, the length ratio of the first radiation screens to a convection section is 0.75, the length ratio of the long radiation screens to the second radiation screens is 2, the width ratio of the first radiation screens to the convection section is 4 (specifically, the first radiation screens comprise 5 water cooling pipes, 3 radial distribution and 2 circumferential distribution and are in an inverted T shape, the convection section comprises 4 water cooling pipes which are arranged in a radial direction, the second radiation screens comprise 4 water cooling pipes which are arranged in a radial direction, the diameter of the water cooling pipes is 56mm), a spraying device comprises 150 chilling water spray nozzles, the outlet diameter of the chilling water spray nozzles is 5mm, and the included angle of a radial direction of a waste water spray cavity is 15 degrees, the diameter of the inlet of the chilling water spray head is 10mm, the diameter of the water chamber of the chilling water spray head is 50mm, and the outer diameter of the chilling water spray head is 58 mm. The detailed parameters are shown in table as example 1.
Through the arrangement, the high-efficiency heat transfer of the waste boiler can be realized, wherein the yield of superheated steam is 111t/h, the temperature of the superheated steam is 427 ℃, and the temperature of the synthesized gas discharged from the waste boiler is about 685 ℃; the height H of the radiation waste boiler is 12m, which is reduced by 43 percent compared with the height of the traditional radiation waste boiler.
Example 2
The distance between the long radiation screens is changed to 419mm, the number of the long radiation screens is changed to 24 groups, the second radiation screen is not arranged, the length ratio of the first radiation screen to the convection section is changed to 0.4 (specifically, the first radiation screen comprises 4 water-cooling pipes, 2 water-cooling pipes are distributed in a radial arrangement manner, 2 water-cooling pipes are distributed in a circumferential direction, the convection section comprises 5 water-cooling pipes distributed in a radial direction), and the other conditions are set to be the same as those in the embodiment 1.
The output of the superheated steam is 113t/h, the temperature of the superheated steam is 527 ℃, and the temperature of the synthetic gas discharged from the waste boiler is about 607 ℃; the height H of the radiation waste boiler is 12m, which is reduced by 43 percent compared with the height of the traditional radiation waste boiler.
Example 3
The height of the straight section of the waste boiler is 15mm, the number of the long radiation screens is changed into 12 groups, the distance between the second radiation screens is 12 groups, the distance between the long radiation screens is 837mm, the distance between the long radiation screens and the second radiation screens is 418mm, the length ratio L1/L2 of the first radiation screens to the convection section is 0.6, the length L3/L4 of the long radiation screens and the second radiation screens is 1.2 (specifically, the first radiation screens comprise 5 water-cooled tubes, 3 of which are distributed in the radial direction, and 2 are distributed on two sides in the circumferential direction, the convection section comprises 5 water-cooled tubes which are distributed in the radial direction, the second radiation screens comprise 4 water-cooled tubes which are distributed in the radial direction), and other conditions are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
The output of the superheated steam is about 107t/h, the temperature of the superheated steam is 425 ℃, and the temperature of the synthetic gas discharged from the waste boiler is about 713 ℃; the height H of the radiation waste boiler is 12m, which is reduced by 43 percent compared with the height of the traditional radiation waste boiler.
Example 4
The number of the long radiant screens is changed into 16 groups, the distance between the long radiant screens is 628mm, the distance between the long radiant screens and the second radiant screen is 314mm, the length ratio L1/L2 of the first radiant screen to the convection section is 2.5, and the length L3/L4 of the long radiant screens to the second radiant screen is 3 (specifically, the first radiant screen comprises 7 water-cooled tubes, 5 of which are radially distributed, 2 of which are circumferentially distributed on two sides and are in an inverted T shape, the convection section comprises 2 of which are radially distributed, and the second radiant screen comprises 4 of which are radially distributed), and other conditions are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
The output of the superheated steam is about 122t/h, the temperature of the superheated steam is 372 ℃, and the temperature of the synthetic gas discharged from the waste boiler is about 612 ℃; the height H of the radiation waste boiler is 15m, which is reduced by 29 percent compared with the height of the traditional radiation waste boiler.
Example 5
The number of the long radiant screens is 9, the distance between the second radiant screen and the long radiant screens is 977mm, the distance between the long radiant screens and the second radiant screens is 489mm, the length ratio L1/L2 between the first radiant screen and the convection section is 0.75, the length L3/L4 between the long radiant screens and the second radiant screens is 1.33 (specifically, the first radiant screen comprises 5 water-cooled tubes, 3 of which are radially distributed, 2 of which are circumferentially distributed on two sides and are in an inverted T shape, the convection section comprises 4 water-cooled tubes which are radially distributed, and the second radiant screen comprises 6 water-cooled tubes which are radially distributed), and other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.
The output of the superheated steam is about 44t/h, the temperature of the superheated steam is 421 ℃, and the temperature of the synthetic gas discharged from the waste boiler is about 848 ℃; the height H of the radiation waste boiler is 8m, which is reduced by 29 percent compared with the height of the traditional radiation waste boiler.
The output of the superheated steam is about 44t/h, the temperature of the superheated steam is 421 ℃, and the temperature of the synthetic gas discharged from the waste boiler is about 850 ℃; the height H of the radiation waste pot is 8m, which is reduced by about 62 percent compared with the height of the traditional radiation waste pot.
Comparative example 1
Adopt traditional radiation waste pan, include 16 groups radiation screen in the waste pan, each group radiation screen includes 5 radial distribution's water-cooling pipe, and other conditions all are the same as example 1.
By the arrangement, the yield of the byproduct saturated steam of the waste boiler is about 108t/h, and the temperature of the synthesis gas discharged from the waste boiler is about 780 ℃.
Table 1 parameter settings and effect data for each of the examples and comparative examples
The parameter settings of the radiation scrap pots of each example and comparative example are shown in Table 1. Under the same synthesis gas treatment capacity, the embodiments 1 to 5 can generate superheated steam, the amount of the superheated steam generated in the embodiments 1 to 4 exceeds 100t/h, the temperature of the superheated steam is higher than 350 ℃, the industrial application value is high, the radiation waste boiler height is greatly reduced, the waste boiler height of the embodiments 1 to 4 is reduced by more than 40% compared with the comparative example 1, the radiation waste boiler height of the embodiment 5 is reduced by more than 60% compared with the comparative example 1, the volume of the radiation waste boiler is greatly reduced, and the synthesis gas treatment capacity of the radiation waste boiler in unit volume is improved.
Claims (10)
1. A radiant cooker comprising:
the cylinder water-cooling wall is circumferentially arranged along the inner wall surface of the radiation waste boiler to form a circumferentially sealed radiation waste boiler cavity;
the heat exchange units are arranged in the cavity of the radiation waste boiler and are distributed along the circumferential direction;
each group of heat exchange units comprises a convection section and a first radiation screen, wherein the convection section and the first radiation screen are positioned on the same straight line and are sequentially arranged along the direction from the water-cooled wall of the cylinder body to the central shaft of the cavity of the radiation waste boiler;
the first radiation screen and the convection section of each group of heat exchange units form a long radiation screen;
the width of the first radiant screen is greater than the width of the convection section;
the width refers to the maximum dimension in the circumferential direction.
2. A radiant cooker as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the width of said first radiant screen to the width of said convection section is 3 to 7, preferably 4;
and/or the ratio of the length of the first radiant screen to the length of the convection section is 0.4-3, preferably 0.75, wherein the length refers to the radial dimension;
and/or the first radiation screen is in an inverted T shape; first radiant screen includes first radiant screen tip and first radiant screen belly, the tip of first radiant screen is close to the convection section, first radiant screen belly is close to the center pin of radiation waste boiler cavity.
3. The radiant cooker as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between two adjacent sets of said long radiant screens is (0.05-0.4) D2, D2 is the inner diameter of the water wall of said cylinder;
preferably, the distance between two adjacent groups of the long radiation screens is 300-1000 mm, such as 419mm, 628mm, 838mm, and 977 mm.
4. The radiant waste boiler as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each set of heat exchange units further comprises one or more second radiant screens, the rear ends of the second radiant screens are arranged next to the cylinder water wall, and the length of the second radiant screens is smaller than that of the long radiant screens; the rear end is one end far away from the central shaft of the cavity of the radiation waste pot;
preferably, the ratio of the length of the long radiant screen to the length of the second radiant screen is (1.2-3): 1, more preferably 2: 1.
5. A radiant cooker as defined in claim 4, wherein said second radiant screens of said plurality of sets of heat exchange units alternate with said long radiant screens;
and/or the distance between two adjacent second radiation screens and the long radiation screen is (0.05-0.15) D2, and D2 is the inner diameter of the water wall of the cylinder body; preferably, the distance between two adjacent second radiation screens and the long radiation screen is 300-500 mm, such as 314mm, 418mm and 488 mm;
and/or the distance between any two adjacent long radiation screens and the distance between any two adjacent second radiation screens are the same.
And/or the cavity of the radiation waste boiler is a combination body with an upper cone and a lower cone or a straight cylinder type structure, preferably a straight cylinder type structure;
and/or the height-diameter ratio of the cavity of the radiation waste boiler is (2-20): 1, preferably (3-10): 1, more preferably 4: 1.
6. the radiant cooker as defined in claim 4, further comprising:
the lower radiation header of each group of the first radiation screens is connected with the lower header of each group of the second radiation screens to form the lower radiation header, and the lower radiation header is communicated with a cooling water inlet pipe;
the upper radiation header is formed by connecting the upper header of the water-cooled wall of the cylinder body, the upper headers of the first radiation screens and the upper headers of the second radiation screens, and is communicated with a water outlet pipe of a saturated steam-water mixture;
the lower convection header is formed by connecting the lower headers of the convection sections, and is communicated with an air inlet pipe of saturated steam;
and the upper convection header is formed by connecting the upper headers of the convection sections, and is communicated with the superheated steam outlet pipe.
7. The radiant autoclave of claim 1, further comprising a quench section disposed at the bottom of the radiant autoclave cavity, the quench section having from 50 to 300 quench water nozzles disposed thereon;
the chilling water spray head is a pressure rotational flow atomization spray head;
the diameter of an outlet of the chilling water spray head is 2-20 mm;
the chilling water spray head and the radial direction of the cavity of the radiation waste boiler form an angle of 0-60 degrees;
the diameter of an inlet of the chilling water spray head is 8-20 mm;
the diameter of a water chamber of the chilling water spray head is 30-80 mm;
the outer diameter of the chilling water spray head is 38-88 mm.
8. A gasification furnace comprising the radiant cooker according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A heat recovery system, characterized in that it utilizes the radiation waste heat boiler of any claim 1-7 to carry out heat recovery.
10. A heat recovery process, characterized in that, the radiation waste boiler of any claim 1 to 7 is used for heat recovery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110254147.3A CN112831355A (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-04 | Radiation waste boiler, gasification furnace containing radiation waste boiler, heat recovery system and heat recovery process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110254147.3A CN112831355A (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-04 | Radiation waste boiler, gasification furnace containing radiation waste boiler, heat recovery system and heat recovery process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112831355A true CN112831355A (en) | 2021-05-25 |
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ID=75929919
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110254147.3A Pending CN112831355A (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-04 | Radiation waste boiler, gasification furnace containing radiation waste boiler, heat recovery system and heat recovery process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112831355A (en) |
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2021
- 2021-03-04 CN CN202110254147.3A patent/CN112831355A/en active Pending
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