CN110878937A - Steam superheater and use method thereof - Google Patents
Steam superheater and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110878937A CN110878937A CN201911273130.1A CN201911273130A CN110878937A CN 110878937 A CN110878937 A CN 110878937A CN 201911273130 A CN201911273130 A CN 201911273130A CN 110878937 A CN110878937 A CN 110878937A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
- F22G1/14—Steam superheating characterised by heating method using heat generated by chemical reactions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a steam superheater and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of coal chemical industry. The technical scheme comprises the following steps: the synthesis gas protection wall is arranged in the shell, and the heat exchange tube bundle is arranged in the synthesis gas protection wall; one end of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece is connected with the synthetic gas protecting wall, one end of the protecting cavity connecting piece is connected with the synthetic gas protecting wall, and the other end of the protecting cavity connecting piece is connected with the shell; the synthesis gas inlet connecting piece, the synthesis gas protection wall, the protection cavity connecting piece and the shell form a synthesis gas closed cavity; the shell and the outer wall of the synthetic airtight closed chamber form a protective airtight closed chamber. The problem that a shell-and-tube superheater in the prior art is blocked and the heat exchange efficiency is reduced after long-time use can be solved by the scheme, so that the economic benefit of a chemical device is increased, the cost is reduced, and resources are reasonably utilized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal chemical industry, in particular to a steam superheater and a using method thereof, which are used in application occasions where saturated steam of various pressure levels needs to be superheated in a gasification device, are particularly used in equipment for heating the saturated steam to generate superheated steam by using synthesis gas carrying low-content dust, and are novel energy-saving and environment-friendly equipment for generating superheated steam.
Background
In the field of coal chemical industry, high-temperature synthesis gas (1300 ℃) from a gasification chamber of a gasification furnace is forcibly chilled by chilling water, the temperature of the crude synthesis gas is directly reduced to about 200 ℃ from 1300 ℃, and the heat of the crude synthesis gas is lost. In the newly applied gasification furnace, the temperature of the crude synthesis gas can be reduced to 600-800 ℃ by adding the radiation waste boiler at the lower section of the gasification chamber, the radiation waste boiler can simultaneously produce medium-high pressure saturated steam as a byproduct, but the medium-high pressure saturated steam generated at present is not beneficial to long-distance pipeline transportation because the pipeline radiates heat during transportation and is condensed into water, and the saturated steam generated by the radiation waste boiler does not need so much usage amount in the chemical process and is often used for reducing pressure and temperature, if the part of the saturated steam can be changed into superheated steam to be used as power superheated steam, the economic benefit of the whole coal gasification device can be increased. Therefore, a process route for changing saturated steam into superheated steam by reheating synthesis gas at 600-800 ℃ is adopted in industrial production, and the synthesis gas contains dust, so that the conventional shell-and-tube superheater is blocked in the use process, and the heat exchange efficiency is reduced, thereby becoming the technical bottleneck of the process route.
Publication No. CN202511659U discloses a U-tube superheater for applications where water is heated to produce saturated steam. Meanwhile, the hot catalyst returns to the regenerator after being lifted by the external heating bottom and returned to the umbrella hat type quick separator 3, the structure and the internal components are complex, and a large amount of lifting air is consumed for lifting the hot catalyst, so that the equipment investment and the energy consumption of the device are adversely affected, and the device is easy to block and is only suitable for some special occasions. Another publication No. CN203949156U discloses a steam superheater, in which a set of U-shaped tubes and a plurality of U-shaped tubes are disposed in a casing, a steam inlet is disposed at one outlet end of each U-shaped tube, a steam outlet is disposed at the other outlet end of each U-shaped tube, the upper end of each U-shaped tube bundle is fixed at the upper end enclosure or the side surface of the casing, and the bottom end of each U-shaped tube bundle is fixed in the casing.
Disclosure of Invention
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a steam superheater. The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments. This summary is not an extensive overview and is intended to neither identify key/critical elements nor delineate the scope of such embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a steam superheater comprising a shell, a syngas protection wall, a heat exchange tube bundle, a syngas inlet connection, a protection cavity connection, wherein the syngas protection wall is disposed inside the shell, and the heat exchange tube bundle is disposed inside the syngas protection wall; one end of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece is connected with the synthetic gas protective wall, the other end of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece is a synthetic gas inlet, the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece is horn-shaped, the synthetic gas inlet is a horn-shaped small opening, and the connecting end of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece and the synthetic gas protective wall is a horn-shaped large opening; one end of the protection cavity connecting piece is connected with the synthesis gas protection wall, and the other end of the protection cavity connecting piece is connected with the shell; the synthesis gas inlet connecting piece, the synthesis gas protection wall, the protection cavity connecting piece and the shell form a synthesis gas closed cavity; the shell and the outer wall of the synthetic airtight closed chamber form a protective airtight closed chamber.
Preferably, the shell comprises a hemispherical upper end enclosure, a rectangular straight cylinder section and a conical lower end enclosure, which are sequentially connected into a whole, and a synthetic gas inlet of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece penetrates out of the upper end enclosure of the shell and is communicated with the outside.
Preferably, the inner wall of the lower conical end socket is attached with a heat-insulating wear-resistant material, and the upper part of the heat-insulating wear-resistant material is lined with a layer of thin metal plate; the inner wall of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece is attached with a heat-insulating wear-resistant material.
Preferably, the synthesis gas protection wall comprises an upper synthesis gas protection wall collection box, a lower synthesis gas protection wall collection box and a synthesis gas protection wall body which are sequentially connected and form a closed periphery, and two ports are respectively connected with the synthesis gas inlet connecting piece and the protection cavity connecting piece.
Preferably, the heat exchange tube bundle is arranged in the middle of the wall body of the synthesis gas protection wall, and the upper end of the heat exchange tube bundle is fixedly connected with the wall body of the synthesis gas protection wall through a support piece.
Preferably, the heat exchange tube bundle is one or more groups, the heat exchange tube bundle is composed of a plurality of special-shaped heat exchange tubes and a header, and the plurality of groups of heat exchange tubes are connected in series.
Preferably, the direction of flow of the synthesis gas in the cavity formed by the synthesis gas protection wall and the shell is opposite to the direction of flow of the steam in the heat exchange tube bundle.
Preferably, one end of the protection cavity connecting piece is connected with the lower collection box of the synthesis gas protection wall, and the other end of the protection cavity connecting piece is connected with the straight cylinder section or the lower conical end socket.
Preferably, the shell body is provided with a plurality of temperature reducers, the temperature reducers are arranged outside the shell body and are connected with the heat exchange tube bundle, and the temperature reducers are one or more.
Preferably, the synthesis gas protection wall body is composed of heat exchange tubes and fins, and the synthesis gas protection wall body is circular, rectangular or polygonal.
Preferably, the heat exchange tube bundle is composed of a plurality of special-shaped heat exchange tubes in a certain arrangement mode, and the arrangement mode of the special-shaped heat exchange tubes is arranged at intervals or sleeved layer by layer.
Preferably, the heat exchange tube is in an arch shape or a spring shape.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for using a steam superheater, where syngas enters a syngas inlet connection piece from a syngas inlet, enters the inside of a syngas protection wall through the syngas inlet connection piece, exchanges heat with saturated steam in a heat pipe bundle in the syngas protection wall, and then exits from a syngas outlet of a shell; the saturated steam enters the upper collection box of the synthesis gas protection wall from an inlet on the straight cylinder section, then enters the lower collection box of the synthesis gas protection wall from top to bottom through the heat exchange tubes in the wall body of the synthesis gas protection wall, the saturated steam carries out primary heat exchange with the synthesis gas in the cavity of the synthesis gas protection wall in the synthesis gas protection wall, the saturated steam enters the heat exchange tube bundle at the lowest end after passing through the lower collection box of the synthesis gas protection wall, the synthesis gas passes through the lower heat exchange tube bundle and the synthesis gas protection wall cavity from bottom to top for heat exchange, flows out of the collection box of the heat exchange tube bundle to the desuperheater through the connecting pipe, passes through the desuperheater and then flows into the collection box below the upper heat exchange tube bundle through the connecting pipe, passes through the upper heat exchange tube bundle and the synthesis gas protection wall cavity from bottom to top for heat exchange, and finally is connected out of the downstream superheated steam pipe network from the collection box of the uppermost heat exchange tube bundle through a hot saturated steam outlet, so that the process of converting saturated steam into superheated steam is completed.
Preferably, the syngas flows from top to bottom inside the syngas guard wall.
Preferably, an inert shielding gas is introduced into a protective chamber formed by the housing 1 and the syngas inlet connection, the syngas protective wall and the protective chamber connection.
Preferably, when the temperature of the superheated steam is detected to exceed the normal operating temperature at the temperature measuring point on the pipeline of the superheated steam outlet, high-temperature water is sprayed into the desuperheater to reduce the temperature of the superheated saturated steam at the outlet.
Preferably, the inlet synthesis gas is 650-800 ℃, and after heat exchange, the temperature of the synthesis gas outlet is 400-500 ℃.
Preferably, the synthesis gas is 650 ℃, the saturated steam is 327 ℃, and the superheated steam temperature of the steam removal pipe network is 510 ℃.
Preferably, the synthesis gas inlet synthesizer temperature is at least 50 ℃ higher than the superheated steam outlet superheated steam temperature.
Preferably, the synthetic gas is 650 ℃, and the temperature of superheated steam entering a steam pipe network after heat exchange of the saturated steam is 150-200 ℃ higher than that of saturated steam at an inlet.
Preferably, the synthesis gas is 650 ℃, the saturated steam is 327 ℃, and the superheated steam temperature of the steam removal pipe network is 510 ℃.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide equipment for heating saturated steam by using high-temperature crude synthesis gas to generate superheated steam and a using method thereof, so as to solve the problems that a shell-and-tube superheater in the prior art is blocked and the heat exchange efficiency is reduced after long-time use, thereby increasing the economic benefit of a chemical device, reducing the cost and reasonably utilizing resources.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a steam superheater in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a syngas guard wall body and heat exchange tube bundle combination shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heat exchange tube bundle heat exchange tube configuration according to an exemplary embodiment.
In the figure: the process comprises the following steps of 1-a shell, 11-a lower conical end socket, 12-a straight cylinder section, 13-an upper end socket, 2-a synthetic gas protection wall, 21-a synthetic gas protection wall upper collection box, 22-a synthetic gas protection wall lower collection box, 23-a synthetic gas protection wall body, 231-heat exchange tubes, 232-fins, 3-heat exchange tube bundles, 31-special-shaped heat exchange tubes, 32-a collection box, 4-a desuperheater, 5-a synthetic gas inlet connecting piece and 6-a protection cavity connecting piece.
Detailed Description
The following description and the drawings sufficiently illustrate specific embodiments of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. The examples merely typify possible variations. Individual components and functions are optional unless explicitly required, and the sequence of operations may vary. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in or substituted for those of others. The scope of embodiments of the invention encompasses the full ambit of the claims, as well as all available equivalents of the claims. Embodiments may be referred to herein, individually or collectively, by the term "invention" merely for convenience and without intending to voluntarily limit the scope of this application to any single invention or inventive concept if more than one is in fact disclosed. Herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed. The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the structures, products and the like disclosed by the embodiments, the description is relatively simple because the structures, the products and the like correspond to the parts disclosed by the embodiments, and the relevant parts can be just described by referring to the method part.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
the invention discloses a steam superheater, which comprises a shell 1, a synthetic gas protection wall 2, a heat exchange tube bundle 3, a synthetic gas inlet connecting piece 5 and a protection cavity connecting piece 6, wherein the synthetic gas protection wall 2 is arranged in the shell 1, and the heat exchange tube bundle 3 is arranged in the synthetic gas protection wall 2; one end of a synthetic gas inlet connecting piece 5 is connected with the synthetic gas protective wall 2, the other end of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece is a synthetic gas inlet, the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece 5 is horn-shaped, the synthetic gas inlet is a horn-shaped small opening, and the connecting end of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece and the synthetic gas protective wall body is a horn-shaped large opening; one end of the protective cavity connecting piece 6 is connected with the synthetic gas protective wall 2, and the other end is connected with the shell 1; the synthesis gas inlet connecting piece 5, the synthesis gas protection wall 2, the protection cavity connecting piece 6 and the shell 1 form a synthesis gas closed cavity; the shell 1 and the outer wall of the synthetic airtight closed chamber form a protective airtight closed chamber.
According to the scheme, the shell 1 comprises a hemispherical upper end enclosure 13, a rectangular straight cylinder section 12 and a conical lower conical end enclosure 11 which are connected into a whole, and a synthetic gas inlet of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece 5 penetrates out of the upper end enclosure 13 of the shell and is communicated with the outside.
According to the scheme, a heat-insulating wear-resistant material is attached to the shell 1, a synthetic gas outlet is formed in the lower conical end enclosure 11, a saturated steam inlet, a superheated steam outlet and a protective gas inlet are formed in the upper portion of the straight cylinder section 12, and a synthetic gas inlet is formed in the upper end enclosure 13 and is connected with one end of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece 5.
According to the scheme, further, the cone angle of the lower cone end socket 11 is determined according to the repose angle of solid particles in the synthesis gas; the inner wall of the lower conical end socket 11 is attached with a heat-insulating wear-resistant material, and the upper part of the heat-insulating wear-resistant material is lined with a layer of thin metal plate, specifically a steel plate.
According to the scheme, the synthesis gas protection wall 2 comprises a synthesis gas protection wall upper collection box 21, a synthesis gas protection wall lower collection box 22 and a synthesis gas protection wall body 23 which are sequentially connected and form a closed structure, and two ports of the synthesis gas protection wall are respectively connected with an inlet connecting piece and a protection cavity connecting piece of the synthesis gas protection wall.
According to the scheme, the heat exchange tube bundle is one or more groups, the heat exchange tube bundle is composed of a plurality of special-shaped heat exchange tubes 31 and a header 32, and the heat exchange tubes of the plurality of groups can be connected in series;
the heat exchange tube bundle is arranged in the middle of the wall body of the synthesis gas protection wall, the upper end of the heat exchange tube bundle is fixedly connected with the wall body of the synthesis gas protection wall through a support piece, and the upper end of the heat exchange tube bundle 3 is fixed with the support piece fixed on the wall body 23 of the synthesis gas protection wall;
the number of the heat exchange tube bundles 3 is determined according to the required heat exchange area, and the plurality of groups of the heat exchange tube bundles 3 are connected in series.
According to the above solution, further, the flow direction of the synthesis gas in the cavity formed by said synthesis gas protection wall 2 and shell 1 is opposite to the flow direction of the steam in the heat exchange tube bundle 3;
preferably, the synthesis gas passes through the synthesis gas inlet connecting piece 5, the inner cavity of the synthesis gas protection wall 2, the protection cavity connecting piece 6 and the lower conical end enclosure 11 from top to bottom in sequence; the flow direction of the steam in the multiple groups of heat exchange tube bundles 3 is from bottom to top; the flow direction of the synthesis gas in the cavity of the synthesis gas protection wall 2 is opposite to the flow direction of the steam in the groups of the heat exchange tube bundles 3.
According to the scheme, one end of the protective cavity connecting piece 6 is connected with the synthetic gas protective wall lower header 22, and the other end of the protective cavity connecting piece is connected with the straight cylinder section 12 or the lower conical end socket connection 11; the shield cavity connection 6 is structurally capable of absorbing thermal expansion of the syngas shield wall body 23 during operation.
According to the scheme, the heat exchanger further comprises a desuperheater 4, wherein the desuperheater 4 is arranged outside the shell 1 and is connected with the heat exchange tube bundle;
preferably, the desuperheater 4 is located outside the shell 1 and is connected to the connections from the middle two heat exchanger bundle header tanks 32.
According to the above solution, further, the syngas protection wall body 23 is composed of the heat exchange tubes 231 and the fins 232, and the shape of the syngas protection wall body may be circular or polygonal.
According to the above scheme, further, as shown in fig. 2, the heat exchange tube bundle 3 is composed of a plurality of special-shaped heat exchange tubes 31 according to a certain arrangement mode, and the arrangement mode of the special-shaped heat exchange tubes 31 can be arranged at intervals or sleeved layer by layer;
the heat exchanger bundle 3 is located within the syngas protective wall body 23.
According to the above solution, further, as shown in fig. 3, the heat exchange pipe 31 may be arcuate or spring-shaped.
According to the above solution, it is preferred that the lowermost heat exchanger tube bundle 3 is connected to the lower header 22 of the syngas guard wall 2 by means of tubes, when the medium of the heat exchanger tubes 231 in the syngas guard wall 2 is steam. The saturated steam inlet is arranged at the upper part of the shell 1, and the superheated steam outlet is also arranged at the upper part of the straight cylinder section 12.
According to the technical content in the above solution, as a technical improvement, specifically, the medium of the heat exchange tube 231 in the syngas protective wall 2 may be cooling water, and the cooling water is an original saturated steam inlet, and the cooling water is sent out of the shell through a tube from the lower header 22 of the syngas protective wall 2, and the original saturated steam inlet is arranged at the lower part of the straight-tube section 12.
According to the method for using the steam superheater of the embodiment of the invention, the synthesis gas from the upstream is 600-800 ℃, more preferably 650 ℃, 700 ℃ and 800 ℃, and most preferably 650 ℃, enters from the synthesis gas inlet of the shell 1, enters into the inside of the synthesis gas protection wall 2 through the synthesis gas inlet connecting piece 5, flows downwards from the upper part inside the synthesis gas protection wall 2, exchanges heat with the steam in the multiple groups of heat exchange tube bundles 3 in the synthesis gas protection wall 2, and then exits from the synthesis gas outlet at the lower conical head 11 to enter into the downstream unit.
Saturated steam with the pressure of 12.5MPa and the temperature of 328 ℃ from the upstream enters the upper collection box 21 of the synthesis gas protection wall from a saturated steam inlet on the straight cylinder section 12 through a connecting pipe, then enters the lower collection box 22 of the synthesis gas protection wall from top to bottom through the heat exchange pipe 231 in the wall body 23 of the synthesis gas protection wall, and the saturated steam and the synthesis gas in the cavity of the synthesis gas protection wall 2 in the synthesis gas protection wall 2 exchange heat preliminarily, so that the temperature is increased. Steam enters the heat exchange tube bundle 3 at the lowest end after passing through the lower header 22 of the synthesis gas protection wall 2, then passes through the lower groups of heat exchange tube bundles 3 from bottom to top to exchange heat with the synthesis gas in the cavity of the synthesis gas protection wall 2, flows out of the header 32 of the heat exchange tube bundle 3 to the desuperheater 5 through a connecting pipe, flows into the lowest header 32 of the upper groups of heat exchange tube bundles 3 through the desuperheater 5, passes through the upper groups of heat exchange tube bundles 3 and the synthesis gas in the cavity of the synthesis gas protection wall 2 from bottom to top again to exchange heat, and finally flows out of the upstream superheated steam pipe network from the header 32 of the uppermost heat exchange tube bundle 3 through a hot steam outlet, wherein the steam temperature of the downstream superheated steam pipe network is 480-hot 530 ℃, more preferably 480 ℃, 510 ℃ and 530 ℃, and 510 ℃ is the optimal temperature, namely the process of changing saturated.
According to the scheme, the synthesis gas is 650 ℃, the saturated steam is 327 ℃, and the temperature of the superheated steam entering the steam pipe network is 510 ℃.
Further the syngas inlet synthesizer temperature is at least 50 c higher than the superheated steam outlet superheated steam temperature, even as high as 100 c or higher.
And further, the synthetic gas is 650 ℃, and the temperature of the superheated steam entering the steam pipe network after the saturated steam is subjected to heat exchange is 150-200 ℃ higher than that of the saturated steam at the inlet.
In the working process, inert protective gas is always introduced into a protective cavity formed by the shell 1 and the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece 5, the synthetic gas protective wall 2 and the protective cavity connecting piece 6;
in the above working process, when the temperature measuring point on the pipeline of the superheated steam outlet detects that the temperature of the superheated steam exceeds the normal operating temperature, high-temperature water is sprayed into the desuperheater 5 to reduce the temperature of the superheated steam at the outlet so as to meet the operation.
As a technical improvement, in the above working process, high-temperature water is introduced into the synthesis gas protection wall 2 for protection, and the working process is partially changed, the inlet of saturated steam is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder 12 and directly enters the header 32 of the lowest heat exchange tube bundle 3, meanwhile, the protection water of the synthesis gas protection wall 2 passes through the synthesis gas protection wall upper header 21, the synthesis gas protection wall body 23 and the synthesis gas protection wall lower header 22 from top to bottom, and directly exits from the shell from the lower header 22 through a connecting pipe, and the lower header 22 is not connected with the header 32 of the lowest heat exchange tube bundle 3 through a connecting pipe.
The steam superheater according to the embodiment of the invention can be selected to have different size structures or assemblies according to different pressures and loads of the gasification furnace. A steam superheater can be applied to coal gasification processes with a dry coal powder entrained flow bed and a coal water slurry entrained flow bed.
According to the content of the steam superheater provided by the embodiment of the invention, the saturated steam can be heated by fully utilizing the high-temperature dust-containing synthesis gas to generate the superheated steam with a high additional value, the problems of long-term use blockage and poor heat exchange effect of a common tubular superheater are solved, and the requirement of safe and continuous operation of a coal chemical gasification device can be met.
Therefore, the invention has the advantages of good heat exchange effect, no blockage, large and reasonable load regulation range.
Claims (10)
1. A steam superheater is characterized by comprising a shell, a synthetic gas protection wall, a heat exchange tube bundle, a synthetic gas inlet connecting piece and a protection cavity connecting piece, wherein the synthetic gas protection wall is arranged in the shell, and the heat exchange tube bundle is arranged in the synthetic gas protection wall; one end of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece is connected with the synthetic gas protective wall, the other end of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece is a synthetic gas inlet, the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece is horn-shaped, the synthetic gas inlet is a horn-shaped small opening, and the connecting end of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece and the synthetic gas protective wall is a horn-shaped large opening; one end of the protection cavity connecting piece is connected with the synthesis gas protection wall, and the other end of the protection cavity connecting piece is connected with the shell; the synthesis gas inlet connecting piece, the synthesis gas protection wall, the protection cavity connecting piece and the shell form a synthesis gas closed cavity; the shell and the outer wall of the synthetic airtight closed chamber form a protective airtight closed chamber.
2. The steam superheater according to claim 1, wherein the shell comprises a hemispherical upper head, a rectangular straight section, and a conical lower head, which are sequentially connected into a whole, and the synthesis gas inlet of the synthesis gas inlet connector penetrates through the upper head of the shell and is communicated with the outside.
3. The steam superheater according to claim 2, wherein the inner wall of the lower conical head is attached with a heat-insulating wear-resistant material, and the upper part of the heat-insulating wear-resistant material is lined with a layer of thin metal plate; the inner wall of the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece is attached with a heat-insulating wear-resistant material.
4. The steam superheater according to claim 3, wherein the syngas guard wall comprises an upper syngas guard wall header, a lower syngas guard wall header, and a wall body of the syngas guard wall, which are connected in sequence and form a closed periphery, and two ports are respectively connected to the inlet connection member and the protection cavity connection member of the syngas guard wall.
5. The steam superheater according to claim 4, wherein the heat exchange tube bundle is intermediate the wall body of the syngas guard wall, and wherein an upper end of the heat exchange tube bundle is fixedly attached to the wall body of the syngas guard wall by a support member.
6. The steam superheater according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the heat exchange tube bundle comprises one or more groups, the heat exchange tube bundle comprises a plurality of special-shaped heat exchange tubes and a header, and the groups of heat exchange tubes are connected in series.
7. Steam superheater according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the flow direction of the synthesis gas in the cavity formed by the synthesis gas protection wall and the shell and the flow direction of the steam in the heat exchange tube bundle are opposite.
8. The steam superheater according to claim 4, wherein one end of the protection cavity connecting piece is connected with the synthesis gas protection wall lower header, and the other end of the protection cavity connecting piece is connected with the straight cylinder section or the lower conical end socket.
9. The steam superheater according to any one of claims 1-5 or 8, further comprising a desuperheater disposed outside the shell and coupled to the heat exchange tube bundle, wherein the desuperheater is one or more.
10. A method of using the apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein syngas enters the syngas inlet connection from the syngas inlet and enters the interior of the syngas guard wall through the syngas inlet connection, exchanges heat with saturated steam in the heat bundles within the syngas guard wall, and exits the syngas outlet of the housing; the saturated steam enters the upper collection box of the synthesis gas protection wall from an inlet on the straight cylinder section, then enters the lower collection box of the synthesis gas protection wall from top to bottom through the heat exchange tubes in the wall body of the synthesis gas protection wall, the saturated steam carries out primary heat exchange with the synthesis gas in the cavity of the synthesis gas protection wall in the synthesis gas protection wall, the saturated steam enters the heat exchange tube bundle at the lowest end after passing through the lower collection box of the synthesis gas protection wall, the synthesis gas passes through the lower heat exchange tube bundle and the synthesis gas protection wall cavity from bottom to top for heat exchange, flows out of the collection box of the heat exchange tube bundle to the desuperheater through the connecting pipe, passes through the desuperheater and then flows into the collection box below the upper heat exchange tube bundle through the connecting pipe, passes through the upper heat exchange tube bundle and the synthesis gas protection wall cavity from bottom to top for heat exchange, and finally is connected out of the downstream superheated steam pipe network from the collection box of the uppermost heat exchange tube bundle through a hot saturated steam outlet, so that the process of converting saturated steam into superheated steam is completed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911273130.1A CN110878937A (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | Steam superheater and use method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911273130.1A CN110878937A (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | Steam superheater and use method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111550757A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-18 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Pressure boost convection waste boiler with special heating surface structure |
| CN114110560A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-03-01 | 西安精密机械研究所 | Variable-structure spiral coil boiler reactor |
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| CN111550757A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-18 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Pressure boost convection waste boiler with special heating surface structure |
| CN114110560A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-03-01 | 西安精密机械研究所 | Variable-structure spiral coil boiler reactor |
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