CN112830703B - Concrete reinforcing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete reinforcing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112830703B CN112830703B CN202110019849.3A CN202110019849A CN112830703B CN 112830703 B CN112830703 B CN 112830703B CN 202110019849 A CN202110019849 A CN 202110019849A CN 112830703 B CN112830703 B CN 112830703B
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- polyurethane beads
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol group Chemical group OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000538 Poly[(phenyl isocyanate)-co-formaldehyde] Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012972 dimethylethanolamine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011380 pervious concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/282—Polyurethanes; Polyisocyanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
Abstract
The invention provides a concrete reinforcing agent, which comprises polyurethane beads with specific sizes, wherein the polyurethane beads are obtained by mixing and reacting an isocyanate reactive component and isocyanate. The reinforcing agent is beneficial to improving the mechanical property, the water permeability and the frost resistance of concrete. The invention also provides a preparation method of the reinforcing agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of concrete reinforcing agents and a preparation method of the reinforcing agent.
Background
The pervious concrete is a porous concrete, which is prepared by mixing coarse aggregate, a cementing material, water and an additive according to a certain proportion. With the rapid development of the urbanization process in China, the concrete has become one of the most consumed building materials in China at present, and the problem that the performance of the concrete material is ensured in all aspects is necessary to be solved in the building industry.
The existing concrete still has more defects, such as the need of further improving the mechanical property, insufficient water permeability, insufficient frost resistance and the like. However, the conventional concrete has relatively fixed composition raw materials and has limited contribution to the improvement of various performances of the concrete. Therefore, adding a reinforcing agent into the raw materials of the conventional concrete to further improve the performance of the concrete in all aspects is a technical scheme which needs to be researched at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a concrete reinforcing agent, which comprises polyurethane beads with specific sizes, wherein the polyurethane beads are obtained by mixing and reacting an isocyanate reactive component and isocyanate. The reinforcing agent is beneficial to improving the mechanical property, the water permeability and the frost resistance of concrete. The invention also provides a preparation method of the reinforcing agent.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a concrete reinforcing agent comprises polyurethane beads with the particle size of 15-20 mm, polyurethane beads with the particle size of 5-10 mm and polyurethane beads with the particle size of 0.5-1 mm;
the preparation method of the polyurethane beads with different particle sizes comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing an isocyanate reactive component and isocyanate, adding the mixture into a mold for foaming, and cutting and ball-milling polyurethane foam obtained after foaming to obtain polyurethane beads with corresponding particle sizes;
the isocyanate-reactive component comprises: polyether polyol 1, wherein the hydroxyl value is 28-56 mgKOH/g, the initiator is glycerol and/or trimethylolpropane, and the epoxypropane is subjected to ring-opening polymerization; polyether polyol 2 with hydroxyl value of 420mgKOH/g, initiator of glycerin and/or trimethylolpropane, and ring opening polymerization of propylene oxide; polyether polyol 3 with hydroxyl value of 770mgKOH/g and initiator ethylenediamine, and propylene oxide is subjected to ring-opening polymerization; a surfactant; 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; a catalyst; a foaming agent; nano zirconium dioxide with the grain diameter of 50 nanometers;
wherein the preparation method of the isocyanate reactive component comprises the following steps: adding the polyether polyol 3, the nano zirconium dioxide, the foaming agent, the surfactant and the 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane into a reactor in advance, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation stirring, then adding the polyether polyol 1, the polyether polyol 2 and the catalyst into the reactor, uniformly stirring, and then discharging.
The reinforcing agent is added with polyurethane beads with specific sizes to improve various performances of concrete materials, and the nano zirconium dioxide with the particle size of 50 nanometers is added in the preparation method of the polyurethane beads to improve the strength of the polyurethane beads. The added 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane can promote the dispersibility of the nano zirconium dioxide in the polyurethane material and is beneficial to improving the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing agent. In addition, the polyurethane bead is obtained by reacting three specific polyether polyols with isocyanate, so that the polyurethane bead has certain strength, water permeability and frost resistance, and the performance of concrete is improved.
The isocyanate is polyphenyl methane polyisocyanate; the foaming agent is water.
The mass ratio of the isocyanate-reactive component to the isocyanate is 10: 12 to 18.
The isocyanate reactive component comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the using amount of the polyether polyol 1 is 45-55 parts by mass;
the using amount of the polyether polyol 2 is 30-40 parts by mass;
the using amount of the polyether polyol 3 is 10-18 parts by mass;
the amount of the surfactant is 0.1-1.5 parts by mass;
the using amount of the 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 3-8 parts by mass;
the amount of the catalyst is 0.1-0.5 parts by mass;
the amount of the foaming agent is 5-15 parts by mass;
the amount of the nano zirconium dioxide is 20-30 parts by mass.
In the preparation method of the isocyanate reactive component, the polyether polyol 3, the nano zirconium dioxide, the foaming agent, the surfactant and the 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane are added into a reactor to be stirred for 12 hours by ultrasonic oscillation, and the temperature of the reactor is controlled at 60 ℃.
Partial raw materials including nano zirconium dioxide and 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane in the isocyanate reactive component are added into a reactor for ultrasonic oscillation stirring, and the temperature and the stirring time are controlled, so that the further dispersion of the nano zirconium dioxide is promoted, more active groups are adsorbed on the surface of the nano zirconium dioxide, the combination of zirconium dioxide particles and polyurethane molecules is facilitated, and various performances of concrete are improved.
The adhesive comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the usage amount of 15-20 mm polyurethane beads is 10-15 parts by mass;
the using amount of the polyurethane beads with the thickness of 5-10 mm is 30-40 parts by mass;
the amount of the 0.5 to 1mm polyurethane beads is 50 to 60 parts by mass.
The preparation method of the reinforcing agent comprises the steps of placing the polyurethane beads with different particle sizes in an oven for drying, controlling the temperature of the oven at 60-70 ℃, drying for 2-4 hours, taking out the polyurethane beads after drying, and uniformly mixing the polyurethane beads by using a stirrer.
The reinforcing agent is used for reinforcing the performance of concrete, the addition amount of the reinforcing agent is 15-25% of that of a concrete material, and the specific addition amount can be carried out according to actual conditions and by referring to technical schemes commonly used in the field.
The content which is not described in the invention can be carried out according to the technical scheme which is commonly used in the field, and the implementation of the invention is not influenced. For example, in the method of preparing the polyurethane foam into polyurethane beads of different sizes, the polyurethane foam may be cut and then ball-milled by a ball mill to obtain polyurethane beads of a specific size.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention improves various properties of concrete by combining polyurethane beads with specific sizes into a concrete reinforcing agent, including the limitation of the dosage of the polyurethane beads with different sizes in the preferred scheme of the invention. However, when conventional polyurethane foams are prepared into polyurethane beads and added into concrete, the improvement of various properties of concrete is limited due to the limitations of the properties of the conventional polyurethane foams. Therefore, the invention adopts the addition of nano zirconium dioxide with specific size to improve the performance of the polyurethane bead. The effect of adding nano zirconium dioxide according to the conventional method is not obvious, and the invention adopts the steps of adding 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and adjusting the preparation process to promote the surface of the zirconium dioxide to adsorb more active groups, thereby promoting the dispersion of the zirconium dioxide and the combination of the zirconium dioxide and polyurethane molecules. The polyurethane beads with different particle diameters have pore diameters, and a certain channel can be formed in the concrete material, so that the concrete material has excellent water permeability. The polyurethane beads have small size change along with temperature and certain strength, and can improve the frost resistance and mechanical property of concrete materials.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
The examples and comparative examples used starting materials including:
polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, brand PM200, manufactured by Vanhua chemical company;
polyether polyol 1 with hydroxyl value of 56mgKOH/g, glycerin as initiator and propylene oxide ring-opening polymerization;
polyether glycol 2 with hydroxyl value of 420mgKOH/g, glycerin as initiator and propylene oxide through ring opening polymerization;
polyether polyol 3 with hydroxyl value of 770mgKOH/g, ethylene diamine as initiator and propylene oxide through ring opening polymerization;
surfactant, trade name L580, produced by Mei Tuo Co;
catalyst, dimethylethanolamine;
a blowing agent, water;
the nanometer zirconium dioxide has the grain diameter of 50 nanometers and is produced by Shanghai Yingyun New Material Co., Ltd;
ordinary portland cement, manufactured by Oshun, Tangshan;
the coarse aggregate is made of natural stone and is produced by corridor Songxing company;
natural river sand, porch house Song corporation;
carboxylate water reducing agent, and is used for industrial production.
The amounts of the respective raw materials in the preparation methods of polyurethanes 1 to 3 and comparative polyurethanes 1 to 4 are listed in table 1, in terms of the relative parts by mass of the respective raw materials.
The preparation method of the polyurethane 1-3 and the comparative polyurethane 1-3 comprises the following steps: adding polyether polyol 3 (if any), nano zirconium dioxide (if any), a foaming agent, a surfactant and 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (if any) into a reactor in advance, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation stirring for 12 hours, controlling the temperature of the reactor at 60 ℃, then adding polyether polyol 1, polyether polyol 2 and a catalyst into the reactor, uniformly stirring, and then discharging to obtain an isocyanate reactive component;
and (3) uniformly mixing the isocyanate reactive component and polyphenyl methane polyisocyanate, adding the mixture into a mould for foaming, and obtaining the polyurethane foam after foaming.
The preparation method of comparative polyurethane 4 was: adding polyether polyol 1, polyether polyol 2, a catalyst, polyether polyol 3, nano zirconium dioxide, a foaming agent, a surfactant and 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane into a reactor, uniformly stirring, and discharging to obtain an isocyanate reactive component;
and (3) uniformly mixing the isocyanate reactive component and polyphenyl methane polyisocyanate, adding the mixture into a mould for foaming, and obtaining the polyurethane foam after foaming.
TABLE 1 amounts (parts by mass) of respective raw materials in polyurethanes 1 to 3 and comparative polyurethanes 1 to 3
The polyurethane beads with different sizes used in the examples and the comparative examples are obtained by cutting and ball milling the polyurethane 1-3 and the comparative polyurethane 1-4.
The preparation method of the reinforcing agent 1 comprises the following steps: placing polyurethane beads with different particle sizes prepared by the polyurethane 1 in an oven for drying, controlling the temperature of the oven at 60 ℃ and the drying time at 4 hours, taking out the polyurethane beads after drying, uniformly mixing the polyurethane beads by using a stirrer, and discharging; wherein the weight part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 15-20 mm is 10, the weight part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 5-10 mm is 30, and the weight part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 0.5-1 mm is 50.
The preparation method of the reinforcing agent 2 comprises the following steps: placing polyurethane beads with different particle sizes prepared by the polyurethane 2 in an oven for drying, controlling the temperature of the oven at 60 ℃ and the drying time at 4 hours, taking out the polyurethane beads after drying, uniformly mixing the polyurethane beads by using a stirrer, and discharging; wherein the weight part of the polyurethane bead with the particle diameter of 15-20 mm is 15, the weight part of the polyurethane bead with the particle diameter of 5-10 mm is 40, and the weight part of the polyurethane bead with the particle diameter of 0.5-1 mm is 60.
The preparation method of the reinforcing agent 3 comprises the following steps: placing polyurethane beads with different particle sizes prepared by the polyurethane 3 in an oven for drying, controlling the temperature of the oven at 60 ℃ and the drying time at 4 hours, taking out the polyurethane beads after drying, uniformly mixing the polyurethane beads by using a stirrer, and discharging; wherein the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 15-20 mm is 12, the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 5-10 mm is 35, and the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 0.5-1 mm is 55.
The preparation method of the contrast enhancement agent 1 comprises the following steps: placing the polyurethane beads with different particle sizes prepared by the comparative polyurethane 1 in an oven for drying, controlling the temperature of the oven at 60 ℃ and the drying time at 4 hours, taking out the polyurethane beads after drying, uniformly mixing the polyurethane beads by using a stirrer, and discharging; wherein the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 15-20 mm is 12, the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 5-10 mm is 35, and the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 0.5-1 mm is 55.
The preparation method of the contrast enhancement agent 2 comprises the following steps: placing the polyurethane beads with different particle sizes prepared by the comparative polyurethane 2 in an oven for drying, controlling the temperature of the oven at 60 ℃ and the drying time at 4 hours, taking out the polyurethane beads after drying, uniformly mixing the polyurethane beads by using a stirrer, and discharging; wherein the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 15-20 mm is 12, the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 5-10 mm is 35, and the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 0.5-1 mm is 55.
The preparation method of the contrast enhancement agent 3 comprises the following steps: placing the polyurethane beads with different particle sizes prepared by the comparative polyurethane 3 in an oven for drying, controlling the temperature of the oven at 60 ℃ and the drying time at 4 hours, taking out the polyurethane beads after drying, uniformly mixing the polyurethane beads by using a stirrer, and discharging; wherein the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 15-20 mm is 12, the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 5-10 mm is 35, and the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 0.5-1 mm is 55.
The preparation method of the contrast enhancement agent 4 comprises the following steps: placing the polyurethane beads with different particle sizes prepared by the comparative polyurethane 4 in an oven for drying, controlling the temperature of the oven at 60 ℃ and the drying time at 4 hours, taking out the polyurethane beads after drying, uniformly mixing the polyurethane beads by using a stirrer, and discharging; wherein the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 15-20 mm is 12, the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 5-10 mm is 35, and the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 0.5-1 mm is 55.
The preparation method of the contrast enhancement agent 5 comprises the following steps: placing polyurethane beads with different particle sizes prepared by the polyurethane 3 in an oven for drying, controlling the temperature of the oven at 60 ℃ and the drying time at 4 hours, taking out the polyurethane beads after drying, uniformly mixing the polyurethane beads by using a stirrer, and discharging; wherein the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 15-20 mm is 12, and the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 5-10 mm is 35.
The preparation method of the contrast enhancement agent 6 comprises the following steps: placing polyurethane beads with different particle sizes prepared by the polyurethane 3 in an oven for drying, controlling the temperature of the oven at 60 ℃ and the drying time at 4 hours, taking out the polyurethane beads after drying, uniformly mixing the polyurethane beads by using a stirrer, and discharging; wherein the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 15-20 mm is 12, and the mass part of the polyurethane beads with the particle diameter of 0.5-1 mm is 55.
The preparation method of the contrast enhancement agent 7 comprises the following steps: placing polyurethane beads with different particle sizes prepared by the polyurethane 3 in an oven for drying, controlling the temperature of the oven at 60 ℃ and the drying time at 4 hours, taking out the polyurethane beads after drying, uniformly mixing the polyurethane beads by using a stirrer, and discharging; 35 parts by mass of polyurethane beads having a particle diameter of 5 to 10mm, and 55 parts by mass of polyurethane beads having a particle diameter of 0.5 to 1 mm.
Examples and comparative examples for performance testing concrete samples were prepared as follows: uniformly mixing 20 parts by mass of Portland cement, 60 parts by mass of coarse aggregate, 30 parts by mass of fine aggregate and 50 parts by mass of reinforcing agent, adding 40 parts by mass of water and 5 parts by mass of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, uniformly mixing, casting and molding in a mold, curing in the mold for 24 hours, then removing the mold, and curing the taken prefabricated product for 28 days to obtain a sample to be tested. Concrete samples prepared from 1-3 reinforcing agents and 1-7 contrast reinforcing agents correspond to examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-7 respectively.
The examples and comparative samples were tested for performance and the results are shown in Table 2:
and (3) testing mechanical properties: the test standard is GB 50081-2002;
and (3) testing water permeability: the test standard is CJJ/T135-2009;
and (3) testing the freezing and thawing performance: controlling the sizes of samples of examples and comparative examples to be 100mm multiplied by 100mm, placing the samples into a rubber box, injecting 3% NaCl solution, keeping the liquid level in the box to be 1-2 cm higher than the top of the samples, then placing the rubber box with the samples into a freeze-thaw box, and performing a salt freeze experiment, wherein the freeze-thaw cycle period is 4 hours, the time for freezing and thawing is not less than 1/4 in the freeze-thaw cycle process, and in the process, the lowest temperature of the center of the samples is controlled to be-17 +/-2 ℃ and the highest temperature is 8 +/-2 ℃; the mechanical properties of the samples after 100 cycles of salt freezing were tested (test standard GB50081-2002) in comparison with samples not subjected to the salt freezing test.
Table 2 results of performance test of examples and comparative examples
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The concrete reinforcing agent is characterized by comprising polyurethane beads with the particle size of 15-20 mm, polyurethane beads with the particle size of 5-10 mm and polyurethane beads with the particle size of 0.5-1 mm;
the preparation method of the polyurethane beads with different particle sizes comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing an isocyanate reactive component and isocyanate, adding the mixture into a mold for foaming, and cutting and ball-milling the obtained polyurethane foam after foaming to obtain polyurethane beads with corresponding particle sizes;
the isocyanate-reactive component comprises: polyether polyol 1, wherein the hydroxyl value is 28-56 mgKOH/g, the initiator is glycerol and/or trimethylolpropane, and the epoxypropane is subjected to ring-opening polymerization; polyether polyol 2 with hydroxyl value of 420mgKOH/g, initiator of glycerin and/or trimethylolpropane, and ring opening polymerization of propylene oxide; polyether polyol 3 with hydroxyl value of 770mgKOH/g and initiator ethylenediamine, and propylene oxide is subjected to ring-opening polymerization; a surfactant; 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; a catalyst; a foaming agent; nano zirconium dioxide with the grain diameter of 50 nanometers;
wherein the preparation method of the isocyanate reactive component comprises the following steps: adding the polyether polyol 3, nano zirconium dioxide, a foaming agent, a surfactant and 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane into a reactor in advance, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation stirring, then adding the polyether polyol 1, the polyether polyol 2 and a catalyst into the reactor, uniformly stirring, and then discharging;
the adhesive comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the using amount of the 15-20 mm polyurethane beads is 10-15 parts by mass;
the using amount of the 5-10 mm polyurethane beads is 30-40 parts by mass;
the amount of the 0.5-1 mm polyurethane bead is 50-60 parts by mass.
2. The reinforcing agent of claim 1, wherein the isocyanate is a polyphenylmethane polyisocyanate; the foaming agent is water.
3. The reinforcing agent according to claim 2, characterized in that the mass ratio of the isocyanate-reactive component to the isocyanate is 10: 12 to 18.
4. The reinforcing agent of claim 3, wherein the relative parts by mass of each raw material in the isocyanate-reactive component are:
the using amount of the polyether polyol 1 is 45-55 parts by mass;
the using amount of the polyether polyol 2 is 30-40 parts by mass;
the using amount of the polyether polyol 3 is 10-18 parts by mass;
the amount of the surfactant is 0.1-1.5 parts by mass;
the using amount of the 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 3-8 parts by mass;
the amount of the catalyst is 0.1-0.5 parts by mass;
the amount of the foaming agent is 5-15 parts by mass;
the amount of the nano zirconium dioxide is 20-30 parts by mass.
5. The reinforcing agent according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the isocyanate-reactive component comprises the steps of adding the polyether polyol 3, the nano zirconium dioxide, the foaming agent, the surfactant and the 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane into a reactor, and stirring the mixture by ultrasonic oscillation for 12 hours, wherein the temperature of the reactor is controlled to be 60 ℃.
6. A preparation method of the reinforcing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the polyurethane beads with different particle sizes are placed in an oven for drying, the temperature of the oven is controlled to be 60-70 ℃, the drying time is 2-4 hours, the polyurethane beads are taken out after drying, and are uniformly mixed by a stirrer.
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| CN100478531C (en) * | 2007-04-24 | 2009-04-15 | 武汉理工大学 | Self decoration composite silicate heat insulation plate |
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