CN108585671B - Engineering cement-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Engineering cement-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN108585671B
CN108585671B CN201810324644.4A CN201810324644A CN108585671B CN 108585671 B CN108585671 B CN 108585671B CN 201810324644 A CN201810324644 A CN 201810324644A CN 108585671 B CN108585671 B CN 108585671B
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composite material
cement
based composite
slag
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CN108585671A (en
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蒋金洋
冯滔滔
王凤娟
周文静
王立国
许光远
褚洪岩
武胜萍
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Southeast University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/40—Mixing specially adapted for preparing mixtures containing fibres
    • B28C5/402—Methods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 750 portions of ordinary portland cement, 810 portions of slag, 720 portions of slag, 180 portions of silica fume, 18-28 portions of expanding agent, 430 portions of aeolian sand, 22-22 portions of PE fiber, 22-28 portions of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 235 portions of water, 220. Compared with the prior art, the invention utilizes the aeolian sand to replace the traditional river sand and combines the PE fiber to prepare the environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material, the product has the compressive strength equivalent to that of ECC (error correction code) which adopts the river sand as fine aggregate, and the high ductility and the high toughness of the product can be ensured, so that the aeolian sand is changed into 'waste material'. In addition, the invention utilizes the countercurrent principle or the transverse flow principle and adopts a rotary mixing stirrer, thereby greatly improving the dispersion effect of the PE fiber in the stirring process and obviously improving the mechanical property of the engineering cement-based composite material.

Description

Engineering cement-based composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to an environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of engineering cement-based composite materials.
Background
With the rapid development of various super-high-rise and large-span structures, the traditional concrete can not meet the requirements of complex engineering due to the defects of large brittleness, easy cracking and the like, so that various novel building materials are produced at the same time. The ECC of the engineering cement-based composite material is produced in the last 90 years, and the composite material comprises a matrix formed by cement, sand and mineral admixture and adopts short fiber as a reinforcing material. Different from common concrete, the flexible fiber is doped to enable the ECC to have high ductility and high toughness, can present the characteristics of strain hardening behavior and multi-joint cracking when being tensioned or bent, and has good application prospect.
The large-scale development of infrastructure consumes a large amount of sand resources, especially in northwest regions of China, the shortage of natural sand quantity will undoubtedly increase the engineering cost from the purchase, and therefore a new building material is urgently needed to replace the natural river sand. The total area of deserts in China reaches 130.8 kilo-square kilometers, which accounts for about 13.6 percent of the total land area in China, if local materials can be used, the aeolian sand is used as building sand to be applied to concrete, so that resources can be saved, and a new way is opened for selecting building materials.
Because the aeolian sand particles are characterized by fine particle size, small fineness modulus and the like, the research on aeolian sand in concrete is limited at present, the ECC fine aggregate mainly comprises river sand or quartz sand, and the application of the aeolian sand in ECC is not seen yet.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an Environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material (environmental-friendly ECC) and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses an environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material which is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
750 portions of ordinary portland cement, 810 portions of slag, 720 portions of slag, 180 portions of silica fume, 18-28 portions of expanding agent, 430 portions of aeolian sand, 22-22 portions of PE fiber, 22-28 portions of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 235 portions of water, 220.
The ordinary Portland cement is PII 52.5-grade ordinary Portland cement.
The slag is S95 grade slag.
SiO in the silica fume2The content should be greater than or equal to 95%, and the specific surface area should not be less than 15000m2/kg。
The swelling agent is calcium swelling agent, and is light yellow powder with specific surface area of 200m or more2Per Kg, the residue on a 1.18mm sieve is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, the expansion rate of water is limited to be more than or equal to 0.06 percent for 7d, and the expansion rate of water is limited to be more than or equal to-0.01 percent for 21d in air after 7 d.
The fineness modulus of the aeolian sand is 1.2-1.4, the particle diameter is 0-1.25mm, and the density is 2.55-2.70g/cm3The water absorption is 0.6-0.8%.
The PE fiber has a diameter of 12 μm or more, a length of 8mm or more, an aspect ratio of 666 and 668 and a tensile strength of 2790MPa or more.
The solid content of the polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent is more than or equal to 40 percent (mass content), and the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 33.9 percent.
The water is tap water or drinking water, and meets the requirements of concrete water standards (JGJ 63-2006).
The invention also provides a preparation method of the hybrid fiber reinforced ultrahigh-strength concrete, which comprises the following steps:
(1) taking ordinary portland cement, slag, silica fume, an expanding agent, aeolian sand and PE fibers, and uniformly stirring and mixing the ordinary portland cement, the slag, the silica fume, the expanding agent, the aeolian sand and the PE fibers by using a rotary mixing stirrer to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) adding a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into water, stirring to obtain a uniform hydrosolvent, slowly adding the hydrosolvent into the mixture, then adjusting working parameters of a rotary mixing stirrer to mix to obtain uniform mixed slurry, and finally forming and maintaining according to national standards to obtain the environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material.
More specifically, the preparation method of the environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material comprises the following steps:
the mixer and the container for concrete are fully wetted by cement mortar with the same water-cement ratio as ECC.
(1) Adding the weighed ordinary portland cement, slag, silica fume, expanding agent, aeolian sand and PE fiber into a mixing container of a stirrer in sequence, covering the container of the stirrer, starting a rotor and the mixing container, wherein the anticlockwise rotation speed of the rotor is 130-170r/min, the clockwise rotation speed of the mixing container is 20-40r/min, and the rotation directions of the rotor and the mixing container are opposite. The mixing time is 100-140S, and the mixture is obtained by uniformly stirring and mixing the materials.
(2) And adding the weighed polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent into water, and stirring for several seconds by using a glass rod to obtain the uniform water solvent. Slowly adding the uniformly stirred water solvent into the mixture from the water injection port, then adjusting the speed of the rotor, wherein the anticlockwise rotation speed of the rotor is 280-320r/min, the clockwise rotation speed of the mixing container is 20-40r/min, the rotation directions of the rotor and the mixing container are opposite, and the mixing time is 300-420S, thus obtaining the environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material.
The rotary mixing stirrer is designed according to a countercurrent principle or a transverse flow principle, is provided with a rotary mixing container which is obliquely installed, and sends materials to be mixed to an eccentrically installed high-speed rotary mixing tool part, a rotor and the mixing container can realize opposite or reverse relative rotation, the rotating speed can be adjusted in real time according to personal needs to form an inverse mixture material flow with high speed difference, and therefore the materials are uniformly mixed to the maximum extent.
The invention adopts a rotary mixing stirrer, materials to be mixed are sent to an eccentrically-arranged high-speed rotary mixing tool part, a rotor and a mixing container can realize opposite or reverse relative rotation, the rotating speed can be adjusted in real time according to personal requirements to form an inverse mixture flow with high speed difference, the obliquely-arranged rotary mixing container and a fixed multifunctional tool are arranged together to ensure that the mixture flow forms strong vertical component and ensure that the materials are fully and uniformly mixed, and the multifunctional tool can reliably prevent the mixture from being attached to the bottom and the wall of the mixing container and accelerate the discharging when the mixing time is over. The mixing mode has unexpected advantages for the mixing of raw materials, especially for PE fibers, and can greatly improve the performance of a final product.
The technical effects are as follows: compared with the prior art, the invention adopts aeolian sand as the fine aggregate as the raw material, the compressive strength of the product is equivalent to that of ECC adopting river sand as the fine aggregate, the high ductility and high toughness of the product can be ensured, the wide desert resources are fully utilized, the engineering cost is obviously reduced, and the invention is an environment-friendly novel building material. And the PE fiber with better performance indexes is selected, the matching use effect of the PE fiber and the aeolian sand is better, and the performance of the final material is greatly improved. In addition, the invention utilizes the countercurrent principle or the transverse flow principle and adopts a rotary mixing stirrer, thereby greatly improving the dispersion effect of the PE fiber in the stirring process and obviously improving the mechanical property of the engineering cement-based composite material.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be purely exemplary of the invention and are not intended to limit its scope, as various equivalent modifications of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the present invention and fall within the scope of the appended claims.
The raw materials used in the following examples are all as follows:
the ordinary Portland cement is PII 52.5-grade ordinary Portland cement.
The slag is S95 grade slag.
SiO in silica fume2The content should be greater than or equal to 95%, and the specific surface area should not be less than 15000m2/kg。
The swelling agent is calcium swelling agent, and is light yellow powder with specific surface area of 200m or more2Per Kg, the residue on a 1.18mm sieve is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, the expansion rate of water is limited to be more than or equal to 0.06 percent for 7d, and the expansion rate of water is limited to be more than or equal to-0.01 percent for 21d in air after 7 d.
The fine aggregate is aeolian sand with fineness modulus of 1.2-1.4, particle diameter of 0-1.25mm and density of 2.55-2.70g/cm3The water absorption is 0.6-0.8%.
The diameter of the PE fiber is more than or equal to 12 mu m, the length is more than or equal to 8mm, the length-diameter ratio is 667, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 2790 MPa.
The solid content of the polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent is more than or equal to 40 percent (mass content), and the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 33.9 percent.
The water is tap water or drinking water, and meets the requirements of concrete water standards (JGJ 63-2006).
The stirrer used was a rotary mixer (Aili-licensed R-type intensive mixer).
Example 1
The environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
780 parts of ordinary portland cement, 750 parts of slag, 150 parts of silica fume, 23.3 parts of an expanding agent, 500 parts of aeolian sand, 20 parts of PE (polyethylene) fiber, 25 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 230 parts of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) a moistening and stirring machine and a tool used.
(2) And sequentially adding the weighed cement, slag, silica fume, expanding agent, aeolian sand and PE fibers into a mixing container of a stirrer, covering the container of the stirrer, starting a rotor and the mixing container, wherein the anticlockwise rotation speed of the rotor is 150r/min, the clockwise rotation speed of the mixing container is 30r/min, and the rotation directions of the rotor and the mixing container are opposite. The mixing time is 120S, and the mixture is obtained by stirring and mixing the materials evenly.
(3) And adding the weighed polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent into water, and stirring for several seconds by using a glass rod to obtain the uniform water solvent. Slowly adding the uniformly stirred water solvent into the mixture from the water filling port, then adjusting the speed of the rotor, wherein the anticlockwise rotation speed of the rotor is 300r/min, the clockwise rotation speed of the mixing container is 30r/min, the rotation directions of the rotor and the mixing container are opposite, and the mixing time is 360 seconds, so that the environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material can be obtained.
Example 2
The environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
750 portions of ordinary portland cement, 720 portions of slag, 120 portions of silica fume, 18 portions of expanding agent,
430 parts of aeolian sand, 18 parts of PE (polyethylene) fiber, 22 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 220 parts of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) a moistening and stirring machine and a tool used.
(2) And sequentially adding the weighed cement, slag, silica fume, expanding agent, aeolian sand and PE fibers into a mixing container of a stirrer, covering the container of the stirrer, starting a rotor and the mixing container, wherein the anticlockwise rotation speed of the rotor is 130r/min, the clockwise rotation speed of the mixing container is 20r/min, and the rotation directions of the rotor and the mixing container are opposite. The mixing time is 100S, and the mixture is obtained by stirring and mixing the materials evenly.
(3) And adding the weighed polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent into water, and stirring for several seconds by using a glass rod to obtain the uniform water solvent. Slowly adding the uniformly stirred water solvent into the mixture from the water filling port, then adjusting the speed of the rotor, wherein the anticlockwise rotation speed of the rotor is 280r/min, the clockwise rotation speed of the mixing container is 20r/min, the rotation directions of the rotor and the mixing container are opposite, and the mixing time is 300S, so that the environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material can be obtained.
Example 3
The environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
810 parts of ordinary portland cement, 780 parts of slag, 180 parts of silica fume, 28 parts of expanding agent,
530 parts of aeolian sand, 22 parts of PE (polyethylene) fiber, 28 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 235 parts of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) a moistening and stirring machine and a tool used.
(2) And sequentially adding the weighed cement, slag, silica fume, expanding agent, aeolian sand and PE fibers into a mixing container of a stirrer, covering the container of the stirrer, starting a rotor and the mixing container, wherein the anticlockwise rotation speed of the rotor is 170r/min, the clockwise rotation speed of the mixing container is 40r/min, and the rotation directions of the rotor and the mixing container are opposite. The mixing time is 140S, and the mixture is obtained by stirring and mixing the materials evenly.
(3) And adding the weighed polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent into water, and stirring for several seconds by using a glass rod to obtain the uniform water solvent. Slowly adding the uniformly stirred water solvent into the mixture from the water filling port, then adjusting the speed of the rotor, wherein the anticlockwise rotation speed of the rotor is 320r/min, the clockwise rotation speed of the mixing container is 40r/min, the rotation directions of the rotor and the mixing container are opposite, and the mixing time is 420S, so that the environment-friendly engineering cement-based composite material can be obtained.
Comparative example 1:
the same as example 1, except that the aeolian sand was replaced with the same amount of natural river sand, and the others were not changed.
Comparative example 2:
the process was the same as in example 1, except that the aeolian sand was replaced with the same amount of natural river sand, the PE fiber was replaced with the same amount of steel fiber, and the others were not changed.
Comparative example 3:
the same as in example 1, except that the PE fibers were all replaced with the same amount of steel fibers, and the others were not changed.
Comparative example 4
The same as example 1, except that the rotary mixer was not used in the preparation method, but a forced single horizontal shaft concrete mixer was used.
And (3) performance detection:
the concrete mixtures and the hardened concrete properties of the above examples 1, 2, 3 and comparative examples 1, 2, 3, 4 were tested and the results are shown in table one.
Table one test results
Numbering fcu/MPa ff/MPa εtu
Example 1 68.1 19.1 5.2％
Example 2 56.5 16.3 5.65％
Example 3 65.4 17.5 5.1％
Comparative example 1 69.7 18.4 5.5％
Comparative example 2 68.6 17.8 5.3％
Comparative example 3 54.3 13.8 3.5％
Comparative example 4 50.4 12.7 2.2％
Wherein, the meaning of each parameter in the table is as follows:
fcuthe standard value of the cubic compressive strength is obtained;
fffour-point flexural strength;
εtuis the ultimate tensile strain.
From the results in the above table, it can be seen that, compared to comparative example 1, after the aeolian sand was used instead of the river sand, the compressive strength and the four-point flexural strength of the product were comparable to those of the ECC using the river sand as the fine aggregate. In addition, the requirement on strength in engineering is met, the ultimate tensile strain is not obviously reduced, and good strain hardening behavior is ensured. In comparative examples 2 and 3, in the ECC using the traditional river sand as the fine aggregate, the performance is basically unchanged after the PE fiber is replaced by the steel fiber, and if the PE fiber is replaced by the steel fiber, the product performance is obviously reduced, so that the PE fiber and the aeolian sand are used in combination in the raw materials of the invention, and the synergistic effect is better; in comparative example 4, the performance of the product is remarkably reduced by using a general mixing method, so that the rotary mixing and stirring method used in the preparation method of the present invention, particularly for PE fiber, has unexpected advantages and can greatly improve the performance of the final product. In addition, the aeolian sand has wide resources, and the ECC production cost can be reduced to a certain extent.
Finally, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. If modifications or equivalents are made to the technical examples of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. The engineering cement-based composite material is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
750 portions of ordinary portland cement, 810 portions of slag, 720 portions of slag, 180 portions of silica fume, 18 to 28 portions of expanding agent, 430 portions of aeolian sand, 22 to 22 portions of PE fiber, 22 to 28 portions of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 235 portions of water, 220;
the fineness modulus of the aeolian sand is 1.2-1.4, the particle diameter is 0-1.25mm, and the density is 2.55-2.70g/cm3The water absorption rate is 0.6-0.8%; the PE fiber has a diameter of 12 μm or more, a length of 8mm or more, an aspect ratio of 666 and 668 and a tensile strength of 2790MPa or more.
2. The engineered cement-based composite material of claim 1, wherein the Portland cement is a PII-52.5 grade Portland cement.
3. The engineered cement-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the slag is grade S95 slag.
4. The engineered cement-based composite material of claim 1, wherein the silica fume is SiO2The content is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the specific surface area is not less than 15000m2/kg。
5. The engineered cement-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the expanding agent is a calcareous expanding agent, a yellowish powder, and has a specific surface area of 200m or more2Per kg, the screen residue of a 1.18mm sieve is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, the expansion rate of water is limited to be more than or equal to 0.06 percent for 7d, and the expansion rate of water is limited to be more than or equal to-0.01 percent for 21d in air after 7 d.
6. The engineering cement-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid content of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is not less than 40% (mass content), and the water reducing rate is not less than 33.9%.
7. The method of producing an engineered cement-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) taking ordinary portland cement, slag, silica fume, an expanding agent, aeolian sand and PE fibers, and uniformly stirring and mixing the ordinary portland cement, the slag, the silica fume, the expanding agent, the aeolian sand and the PE fibers by using a rotary mixing stirrer to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) adding a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into water, stirring to obtain a uniform hydrosolvent, slowly adding the hydrosolvent into the mixture, then adjusting working parameters of a rotary mixing stirrer to mix to obtain uniform mixed slurry, and finally forming and maintaining according to national standards to obtain the engineering cement-based composite material.
8. The method for preparing an engineered cement-based composite material according to claim 7, wherein:
the working parameters of the rotary mixing stirrer in the step (1) are as follows: the counter-clockwise rotation speed of the rotor is 130-170r/min, the clockwise rotation speed of the mixing container is 20-40r/min, the rotation directions of the rotor and the mixing container are opposite, and the mixing time is 100-140 s;
the working parameters of the rotary mixing stirrer in the step (2) are as follows: the counter-clockwise rotation speed of the rotor is 280-320r/min, the clockwise rotation speed of the mixing container is 20-40r/min, the rotation directions of the rotor and the mixing container are opposite, and the mixing time is 300-420 s.
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