CN112826838A - Application of kohlrabi or extract thereof - Google Patents
Application of kohlrabi or extract thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/22—Anxiolytics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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Abstract
The invention discloses a new application of kohlrabi or an extract thereof, namely the application in preparing medicines and health-care foods for treating and/or preventing mental diseases such as brain injury, cognitive dysfunction and the like; the invention verifies that the cephalophyma arborescens extract can prevent and treat brain injury and cognitive dysfunction mental diseases through animal experiments; the experimental result proves that the gynura divaricata extract has obvious effects of preventing and improving brain aging injury and cognitive dysfunction mental diseases caused by D-galactose; the brachiocephalum frutescens is an edible vegetable, so that the safety is high, the distribution is wide, the planting is simple, and the raw materials are easy to obtain; by combining the reasons, the gynura bicolor or the extract thereof has better development and utilization prospects in the aspects of preparing medicaments and health-care foods for preventing and treating mental diseases such as brain injury, cognitive dysfunction and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an application of kohlrabi or an extract thereof in preparing health-care food or medicines for treating and/or preventing mental diseases such as brain injury, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety and the like, and belongs to the technical field of food or medicines.
Background
The brain is the most important organ in the human body and is closely related to cognition, learning and memory, emotion and the like of the human body. As the human body continuously ages, the related functions of the brain are gradually degraded and impaired, thereby causing a decline in learning and cognitive ability and causing various chronic neurological diseases such as senile dementia. In addition, with the rapid development of modern society and the acceleration of life rhythm, the stress of work and life often causes mental problems such as anxiety, depression, sleep disorder and the like, thereby seriously affecting the life quality and physical health of human beings. However, there is no effective prevention and treatment for degenerative brain injury and various mental problems. Therefore, it is of great importance to use edible plants in daily life to prevent or intervene in the improvement of degenerative brain injuries and various mental problems. Numerous studies also suggest that dietary intervention with enriched edible plants is a potential strategy to delay aging-related brain dysfunction and mental problems. Secondary metabolites in edible plants are considered important components of plants for performing these physiological functions. For example, the Chrysanthemum morifolium extract, the dioscorea opposita leaf extract, the Anoectochilus roxburghii flavone extract and the like are rich in polyphenols and flavonoids, and are proved to be effective in inhibiting the aging induced by the D-galactose. In addition, saponins have been reported to improve D-galactose-induced aging in addition to phenols, such as madecassoside, a pentacyclic triterpene saponin, which prevents D-galactose-induced aging and improves cognitive ability.
Crateva unilochia Buch belongs to arbor of Amur of Amaniaceae, and its tender branch is rare wild herb distributed in Nipol, India, Burma, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam and China. According to folk records, the medicine has the effects of resisting inflammation, detoxifying and the like. However, there are no reports of the effects of kohlrabi on D-galactose-induced brain injury, cognitive impairment and anxiety.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new application of the gynura bicolor or the extract thereof in the aspects of medicines and health-care foods, and particularly relates to an application of the gynura bicolor or the extract thereof in preparing medicines and health-care foods for treating and/or preventing mental diseases such as brain injury, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety and the like.
The application of the gynura bicolor or the extract thereof is to use the gynura bicolor or the extract thereof as a medicine or food for treating and/or preventing mental diseases such as brain injury, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety and the like, or prepare the medicine or food for treating and/or preventing the mental diseases such as brain injury, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety and the like, namely prepare the medicine or food for treating and/or preventing the mental diseases such as brain injury, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety and the like by using the gynura bicolor or the extract thereof as an active ingredient.
The components (or effective components) of the medicine or food for treating and/or preventing the mental diseases are the cephalophytes or the extracts thereof, and one or more auxiliary materials acceptable to the medicine or food can be added to improve the absorption effect of the medicine or food or facilitate the taking, such as capsules, pills, powder, tablets, granules, oral liquid, injection and the like, so as to prepare a pharmaceutically suitable use dosage form or a food mode suitable for the food field.
The extract of the kohlrabi is an 80% ethanol extract of the kohlrabi.
According to the invention, through a D-galactose-induced mouse brain injury model, the effect of the kohlrabi on preventing dry prediction of D-galactose-induced mouse brain injury, cognitive dysfunction and anxiety is discovered and proved, so that the kohlrabi can be used for preparing and developing new medicines and new health-care foods for preventing and treating mental diseases such as brain injury, cognitive dysfunction and anxiety. The application of the kohlrabi extract in preparing the medicines and the health-care foods for preventing and treating mental diseases such as brain injury, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety and the like has the following advantages: the brachypodium hybridum plant can adapt to various severe natural environments, is widely distributed in China, and is easy to obtain raw materials in daily life; and traditionally, the brachiocephalum is edible vegetable, so that the safety is high; the extraction and preparation process has simple flow, considerable market prospect and better social and economic effects.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention explores new health food or medical application for the brachycephala and develops a new research field;
2. experiments show that the 80% ethanol extract of the cephalophytes can effectively prevent and improve brain aging injury, cognitive dysfunction and anxiety mental diseases caused by D-galactose under a lower dosage, and the extract is from natural plant raw materials used as wild vegetables and has high safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the H & E staining (H & E × 400) of pathological sections of brain (A) and liver (B) after D-galactose-induced rat liver and brain damage and the dried prognosis of Cratoxylum aizoon 80% ethanol extract, wherein A1 and B1 are control groups, A2 and B2 are D-galactose-induced model groups, A3 and B3 are Cratoxylum aizoon low dose groups, and A4 and B4 are Cratoxylum aizoon high dose groups;
FIG. 2 is a graph (A) of immunohistochemistry of neuronal cells in hippocampal area CA1 of brain and quantitative results (B) of D-galactose-induced rat brain injury and brachycarpi 80% ethanol extract dry prognosis, wherein C is a control group, M is a D-galactose-induced model group, EL is a brachycarpi low dose group, and EH is a brachycarpi high dose group;
FIG. 3 is a graph (A) of immunohistochemistry of neuronal cells in hippocampal area CA3 of brain and quantitative results (B) of D-galactose-induced rat brain injury and brachycarpi 80% ethanol extract dry prognosis, wherein C is a control group, M is a D-galactose-induced model group, EL is a brachycarpi low dose group, and EH is a brachycarpi high dose group;
FIG. 4 is the results of D-galactose-induced brain damage in rats and anxiety in 80% ethanol extract of Crateva aizoon with dry prognosis in mice, panel A is the result of the residence time in the central zone in the open field test, panel B is the total movement distance in the open field test, panel C is the result of the open arm time in the elevated maze test, and panel D is the total movement distance in the elevated maze test; in the figure, C is a control group, M is a D-galactose induction model group, and EH is a high dose group;
FIG. 5 is the results of memory learning cognitive ability of mice after D-galactose-induced brain injury of rats and intervention of 80% ethanol extract of Crateva aizoon, wherein A is a schematic structural diagram of a Y-maze device, B is the results of arm exploration time of mice, and C is the results of arm exploration times of mice; in the figure, C is a control group, M is a D-galactose induction model group, and EH is a Crateva high dose group;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a conditional fear experiment;
FIG. 7 shows the results of memory learning cognitive ability of mice after the intervention of 80% ethanol extract of Crateva aizoon in conditioned fear experiment, wherein A is the results of context induced fear memory experiment; b is the result of the memory experiment of cue induced fear; in the figure, C is a control group, M is a D-galactose induction model group, and EH is a Crateva high dose group.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, but these examples should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified; various changes, modifications and alterations of equivalent scope will occur to those skilled in the art after reading the specification and are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Example 1: examples of D-galactose-induced aging injury to the brain, cognitive dysfunction and anxiety disorders
A model of the aging injury, cognitive dysfunction and anxiety mental diseases of the brain of the mouse is established by using a method of injecting D-galactose, and the prevention and treatment effects of the 80% ethanol extract of the brachypodium leptopodum on the aging injury, cognitive dysfunction and anxiety mental diseases of the brain of the mouse are observed through an animal model experiment.
1. Experimental Material
1.1 animals
SPF male Kunming mice, Schlekschada laboratory animals Ltd, Hunan.
1.2 extracts
The Cratoxylum aizoon extract is mainly prepared by extracting 80% ethanol. The specific method comprises the following steps: ultrasonically extracting the cephalophyma aizoon with 80% ethanol solution at 25 deg.C with a ratio of g to mL of 1:5 for 30min, filtering, extracting the residue for one time, collecting the filtrate, mixing the filtrates, concentrating, and lyophilizing to obtain the extract.
2. Method and results
2.1 Molding and inspection
The male Kunming mice were SPF grade mice weighing 33-37 g. Specifically, 40 mice were divided into 4 groups (10 per cage) numbered as follows: group 1: control Group (gavage with distilled water, C), Group 2: model Group (injection of D-galactose 500mg/kg, M), Group 3: alcohol extract low dose Group 200mg/kg (injection of D-galactose 500mg/kg and gavage of extract, EL), Group 4: high dose of alcoholic extract 600mg/kg (injection of D-galactose 500mg/kg and gastric lavage of extract, EH); injecting and intragastrically administering once a day; ten weeks later, the mice were anesthetized and blood was collected by an eyeball hemospast and liver and brain tissues were taken out, and hippocampal tissues and liver leaflets of the brain were fixed for pathological section analysis. In addition, four behavioral experimental methods were used to determine the cognitive ability and anxiety in the animals of the control group C, model group M and high dose group EH in the later stages of the experiment.
2.2 results
2.2.1 Effect of Crateva lyrata extract on D-galactose-induced brain and liver injury
Histopathological sections of hippocampus of brain and liver as shown in fig. 1, model mice showed disordered pyramidal layers, enlarged intercellular spaces, and also some pyramidal cells were atrophied and degenerated, and vacuoles appeared, as compared to CA1 sheets of normal mice (fig. 1a1) (fig. 1a 2). Both 200mg/kg (FIG. 1A3) and 600mg/kg (FIG. 1A4) significantly improved brain damage due to D-galactose. Compared to model group CA1 sections (fig. 1a2), the pyramidal layers were more intact and less pyramidal cells were damaged in the EL and EH groups (fig. 1A3 and a 4). Determining the D-galactose-induced liver damage, wherein the result of HE staining of the liver section is shown in figure 1B, and compared with the liver section of a normal mouse in a control group (figure 1B1), the liver cells of the model mouse induced by the D-galactose are loose, vacuolated and have a large amount of nuclear aggregation (figure 1B2), which indicates that the liver cells have certain damage; following administration of the dry prognosis ((fig. 1B3 and B4), damage to hepatocytes was significantly improved, particularly in the 600mg/kg high dose group (fig. 1B 4).
2.2.2 Effect of Crateva root extract on neuronal cells in the brain of D-galactose treated mice
NeuN is a specific marker of mature neurons of the hippocampus of the brain. Comparing the numbers of NeuN positive cells in different groups of hippocampal CA1 and CA3 to determine the protective effect of the cynanchum komarovii extract on neuronal cells in the brain of D-galactose treated mice; in the hippocampal CA1 region (fig. 2), NeuN cell numbers were significantly reduced in the model group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the NeuN cell number of the CA1 in the 600mg/kg dose group is remarkably increased (p <0.05), and is close to that in the control group (p > 0.05). Compared with the model group, the NeuN cell number of the CA1 in the 200mg/kg dose group is not increased significantly (p > 0.05). Similar results were obtained in the CA3 hippocampal region (fig. 3). The number of NeuN cells in D-galactose treated mouse brains (group M) was also significantly lower than in the control group (p < 0.05). The NeuN cell number was significantly increased in the 600mg/kg dose group (EH group) compared to the M group (p <0.05), with no statistical difference compared to the control group (p > 0.05). The EL group (200mg/kg dose) was not significantly different (p >0.05) compared to the model and EH groups. These results indicate that the extract of kohlrabi is effective in preventing brain damage and protecting neuronal cells in the hippocampus.
2.2.3 Effect of Cratoxylum acremonium extract on anxiety states in D-galactose treated mice
Open field testing and elevated maze testing are common methods for studying the autonomic behavior, exploratory behavior, and anxiety of animals in new environments. Anxiety levels were assessed as the proportion of time in the central area (open field test) and open arm (elevated maze). In the open field test, D-galactose treated mice (group M) had a significantly reduced residence time in the central zone (p <0.05, fig. 4A) compared to the control group (group C), but no significant difference in total distance traveled (p >0.05, fig. 4B); time and total distance traveled in the central area of the brachiocephalum koidz high dose group (600mg/kg) mice were significantly increased (p <0.05, fig. 4A and 4B) compared to the model group (M group), and further, in the elevated maze test, D-galactose-treated mice (M group) were also significantly decreased in open arm time (p <0.05, fig. 4C) compared to the control group (C group), and there was a significant difference in total distance traveled (p <0.05, fig. 4D). In the brachiocephalum arborescens high dose group (600mg/kg) mice, there was a significant increase in open arm time and total distance traveled (p <0.05, fig. 4C and 4D) compared to the model group (group M). These results indicate that the extract of kohlrabi can significantly improve D-galactose-induced anxiety and spontaneous activity in mice.
2.2.4 Effect of Crateva lyrata extract on D-galactose treated mouse memory cognitive dysfunction
The Y-maze device consists essentially of a start arm, a new arm and an other arm, and the mouse is placed into the start arm at the beginning of the experiment (FIG. 5A). Spatial recognition memory was evaluated by the time and number of new arm exploration. Both new arm search time (fig. 5B) and number of searches (fig. 5C) were significantly reduced (p <0.05) compared to control (group C) and patrinia treatment (group EH) in the D-galactose treated group (group M) mice, but the difference between the control and patrinia treatment groups was not statistically significant (p < 0.05). The D-galactose overload is suggested to have a damaging effect on the space recognition memory of the mouse, and the brachypodium forbesii extract dry prognosis has an obvious improving effect on the space recognition memory of the mouse.
Conditioned fear experiments were used to evaluate the ability of mice to remember stimulated and ambient conditions under both conditioned and unconditioned stimuli. The whole experiment is divided into four phases (adaptation, training, context and prompting). The first day, mice were placed in two laboratories to acclimate to the environment (fig. 6). During the training phase (day two), mice were placed in either chamber (a or B) and received sound and electrical stimulation. During the testing phase (context and cue), the time to curing when the mice encounter the same environmental condition (context) or signal (cue) stimulus is recorded. The results show that the fleezing time was significantly less than in the control group (group C) (p <0.05) in context-induced (fig. 7A) and cue-induced (fig. 7B) fear-memory experiments in D-galactose treated mice. In contrast, the mice in the brachiocephalum frutescens treatment group (EH group) all showed significantly longer freesing times (p < 0.05). These results indicate that the gynura divaricata extract has a good effect of preventing and improving cognitive impairment caused by brain injury caused by D-galactose.
In summary, the following steps: it can be confirmed that the extract of kohlrabi can effectively treat and/or prevent mental diseases such as brain injury, cognitive dysfunction and anxiety.
Claims (3)
1. Application of herba Coriandri or its extract in preparing medicine for treating and/or preventing brain injury and cognitive dysfunction mental diseases is provided.
2. Application of herba Coriandri or its extract in preparing health food for treating and/or preventing brain injury and cognitive dysfunction mental diseases is provided.
3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the Cratoxylum indicum extract is obtained by extracting Cratoxylum indicum with 80% ethanol by mass concentration.
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