CN112824574A - Production process of impregnation twisted chopped fiber bundles - Google Patents
Production process of impregnation twisted chopped fiber bundles Download PDFInfo
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- CN112824574A CN112824574A CN201911144718.7A CN201911144718A CN112824574A CN 112824574 A CN112824574 A CN 112824574A CN 201911144718 A CN201911144718 A CN 201911144718A CN 112824574 A CN112824574 A CN 112824574A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B21/00—Successive treatments of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/12—General methods of coating; Devices therefor
- C03C25/16—Dipping
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
- C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
- C03C25/32—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C03C25/36—Epoxy resins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G1/00—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling
- D01G1/06—Converting tows to slivers or yarns, e.g. in direct spinning
- D01G1/10—Converting tows to slivers or yarns, e.g. in direct spinning by cutting
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/14—Rendering uniform or evening non-uniform features
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
- D02J1/221—Preliminary treatments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B15/00—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours
- D06B15/02—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours by squeezing rollers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
- D06B23/20—Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration, distillation
- D06B23/22—Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration, distillation for heating
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/02—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fibres, slivers or rovings
Abstract
The invention discloses a production process of a high-efficiency gumming and twisting chopped fiber bundle, which comprises the steps of firstly placing a plurality of yarn shafts on a fiber creel, enabling fibers to be spread on the same plane and to be unfolded to a certain surface density through an arranged tension roller, enabling continuous fibers to enter a glue tank through a traction device, after being fully impregnated with resin, extruding and removing redundant resin through a pair of rollers, then entering a heating and curing device, arranging a blower set at the upper part and the lower part of the device at intervals, adjusting wind pressure and wind temperature to enable the resin to be cured and molded, and then sending the resin to a chopping machine under the action of the traction device to form the gumming and twisting chopped fiber bundle. Compared with the traditional production process, the novel production process has low cost and high comprehensive efficiency which is more than 10 times of the traditional process; and the produced single impregnated chopped fiber bundles have good integral cohesion, good dispersibility, excellent mechanical property and good processability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production process of a novel gumming twisted gumming chopped fiber bundle, belonging to the technical field of novel composite materials.
Background
At present, the preparation and application of chopped fibers are becoming mature and perfect, such as carbon fibers, glass fibers, basalt fibers and the like. The chopped fiber is used for reinforcing matrix materials such as thermoplastic resin, cement, asphalt and the like, so that the strength, toughness, impact resistance, durability and other performances of the material can be improved. In order to enhance the durability of the chopped fibers in acid-base salt and other corrosive environments, the fiber surface is subjected to gum dipping and curing treatment, and the gum dipping fibers are divided into parallel fiber bundles and twisted fiber bundles. The short impregnated fiber manufactured by impregnating the parallel fiber bundles has the following problems in the engineering application process: (1) the surface of the dipped chopped fiber is a smooth cylinder and has poor bonding property with a matrix; (2) in the forced stirring process, part of the dipped chopped fibers are seriously abraded and even broken and the like. Therefore, the twisted stranded basalt chopped fiber bundle is provided, twisted chopped fibers after gum dipping are spiral in appearance, the specific surface area is increased, the contact area with a base material is increased, and the interface bonding performance is improved. The twisted fiber bundle has good integral cohesion, avoids breakage in the stirring process, improves the anti-breaking performance of short fibers, but the gum dipping twisted chopped fiber has complex production process and low yield and cannot meet the large-scale application of engineering.
A production process of the traditional gum dipping and twisting chopped fiber is shown in figure 1, firstly, a plurality of yarn shafts are placed on a fiber creel, secondly, a plurality of bundles of continuous fibers penetrate into a first fiber dividing plate respectively, the continuous fibers enter a gum tank through a traction device, and after being fully impregnated with resin, the plurality of bundles of fibers need to be manually penetrated into a second fiber dividing plate respectively. After the continuous fibers pass through the filament dividing plate, a part of redundant resin is filtered by the filament dividing plate, then the fiber bundles enter a heating zone, resin curing is carried out by setting different temperature zones on the die, the cured and formed continuous fibers enter a filament collector through the third filament dividing plate, and the fiber bundles are cut after being sent into a short cutting device.
The inventor finds that the traditional production process has more procedures and great technical difficulty: the resin material has high viscosity, the fiber bundles are mutually bonded after being dipped, and simultaneously, the traction device applies pretension to the fiber bundles, so that a plurality of bundles of fibers are extruded and gathered, and the difficulty of splitting the fibers at the second fiber splitting plate is increased; the production efficiency is low: the number of the yarn shafts is determined by the number of the holes of the yarn splitting plate, the maximum number of the yarn splitting plate at the present stage is 200, and in order to ensure the dispersion among all bundles of fibers, only 1 bundle of fibers can pass through each hole, namely only 200 bundles of fibers can be produced at one time; in addition, in order to ensure that the resin is fully impregnated and cured, the speed of the traction device is 0.5-1 m/min, and the yield is extremely low; the product quality is low: when the fiber passes through the wire separating plate, the fiber is rubbed with the hole wall under the action of tension, and the surface of the fiber is abraded, fluffed and the like; meanwhile, the manual yarn dividing quality greatly depends on the proficiency of workers, and the damages such as tearing of the fiber yarns and the like in the yarn dividing process are inevitable; the labor consumption is large: the fiber bundle needs to be manually threaded twice, which wastes labor resources and increases production cost. The traditional production process of the impregnation twisted chopped fiber has the defects of high technical difficulty, low yield, high cost and low cost performance, and cannot meet the increasing requirements of stable mass production, low cost, high performance and the like of the chopped twisted fiber in practical engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention discloses a production process of gum dipping twisted chopped fiber bundles, which comprises the following production processes: a plurality of yarn shafts are placed on a fiber creel, continuous fibers pass through a tension roller, so that the fibers are spread on the same plane and are spread to a certain surface density, the continuous fibers pass through a traction device, enter a glue dipping tank, are fully dipped with resin, are extruded by a pair of rollers to remove redundant resin, and then enter a heating and curing area; the upper part and the lower part of the heating curing device are provided with blower sets, and the resin is cured and molded by adjusting the air pressure and the air temperature of the blowers; the continuous twisted fiber bundle enters a chopping machine under the action of a traction device to form a chopped twisted fiber bundle.
Compared with the traditional production process, the new production process omits the first, the second and the third wire dividing plates, and the working procedure is simplified; the new process adopts wind power for curing, the wind pressure of a blower set enables the fiber bundle plane to advance in a wave shape, and the curing length of the fiber bundle in a curing area is increased; meanwhile, under the action of wind pressure, the fiber bundles are uniformly dispersed, so that the contact area with air is increased, and the curing time is shortened; the number of the yarn shafts in the new process is increased by more than 4 times, the traction speed is increased by more than 1 time, and the production efficiency is increased by more than 9 times; the produced fiber bundle has good dispersibility, excellent mechanical property and durability.
The gum dipping twisted chopped fiber bundle is formed by twisting single-strand or multi-strand parallel continuous fibers, is cured and formed after being fully impregnated with resin, and is chopped according to a fixed length to form the fiber bundle.
The parallel continuous fibers can be inorganic fibers, including basalt fibers, carbon fibers or glass fibers, and the number of strands of the fiber bundle can be 1 strand or 2 strands or more. The inorganic fiber has excellent high and low temperature resistance and fire resistance, and has better durability when being used as a matrix material for reinforcing thermoplastic resin, cement, asphalt and the like.
The twisted continuous fiber is fixed through one end of the continuous fiber, and the other end of the twisted continuous fiber is twisted to form twist. The twisted fiber yarns have no looseness, and the yarn is compact, good in drape effect, wear-resistant, excellent in mechanical property, high in strength, good in toughness, high in elasticity and good in impact resistance.
The production process of the dipped twisted chopped fiber bundle comprises the following steps:
(a) the twisted continuous fiber yarn shafts are arranged on a fiber yarn rack, the number of the yarn shafts is n, and the fineness of the yarn isq；
(b) Spreading a plurality of fiber bundles to the same plane by a tension roller, wherein the spreading width is b, and the area density of the fiber bundles isρ；
(c) The continuous fiber bundle enters a glue tank through a traction device, is fully impregnated with resin, is extruded by a pair of rollers to remove redundant resin and then enters a curing area, and the pressure of the pair of rollers is Pg；
(d) The blower set arranged in the heating and curing area cures and forms resin by adjusting the wind pressure P and the wind temperature T to form continuous fiber bundles;
(e) and the continuous fiber bundle enters a chopping machine through a traction device, and is chopped according to a fixed length to form a dipped twisted chopped fiber bundle.
The number n of the yarn shafts may be 1000 or more. The number of the yarn shafts in the traditional process is limited by the number of the holes of the yarn splitting plate, 200 yarn shafts can be placed at most, the production efficiency is low, the number of the yarn shafts in the new production process can be 1000 or more, and the production efficiency can be improved by more than 4 times.
The fiber bundles are spread on the same plane, and have certain tension under the action of the tension roller, so that the continuous fibers are ensured to be arranged in a substantially one-way vertical manner, the bending and winding of the fiber bundles are avoided, and the product quality is improved.
And the fiber spreading width b is smaller than the width of the gum dipping groove and the width of the heating and curing device.
The fiber spreading surface density rho, rho = n × q × b/1000, and the unit is g/m2. The density of the spreading surface is determined by the number of yarn shafts and the spreading width, and is not limited by the number of the filament separating plates.
The resin is thermosetting resin and can be epoxy resin or vinyl resin, and the curing temperature of the resin is as follows: 150 ℃ and 220 ℃. The twisted fibers are cured and molded after being impregnated with resin, the fibers are tightly cohered through the cementing action of the resin, and the integrity of the fiber bundle is high; the resin on the outer layer protects the fiber bundles from direct abrasion and bending in the processing process; meanwhile, the twist of the fiber bundle after being chopped is ensured by the curing action of the resin.
The pair roller extrudes, the pressure of the pair roller is in direct proportion to the density rho of the spreading surface of the continuous fiber, and the pressure P of the pair roller isg= 80-200 x ρ/100 in N/m. By adjusting the pressure of the double rollers, the single-strand twisted continuous fibers are ensured to have no redundant resin after being fully impregnated, the volume content of the continuous fibers is 50-70%, and the volume content of the resin is 30-50%.
The blower sets are arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the heating and curing device and are arranged at intervals, so that the fiber bundle is ensured to be in a wave shape under the action of wind power. The fiber bundle plane blown into wave shape is increased in length in the heating and curing device; under the action of wind pressure, the fiber bundles freely swing up and down, the contact specific surface area of the blown fiber bundles and air is increased, the curing is more sufficient, and the cured impregnated fibers are not sticky to each other and have good dispersibility. Compared with the traditional curing process, the blower sets arranged at intervals increase the curing length, shorten the curing time and improve the dispersibility of the fibers.
Further, the blower set controls the curing of the resin through the wind pressure P and the wind temperature T, and the wind pressure P = (100-180) × rho/100, and the unit N/m2The air temperature T is 150-220 ℃. The wind pressure is in direct proportion to the density of the spreading surface of the fiber bundle, the fiber bundle can be blown away, and the wind temperature is determined by the curing temperature of the resin.
The traction speed of the traction device is 1-3m/min, which is 2 times or more than the traditional traction speed. The contact area between the fiber bundle blown off by wind power and the air flow is increased, the curing is more sufficient, and the time required by the curing is shortened, so that the production efficiency is improved by improving the traction speed.
The fiber is chopped at regular intervals in the length direction of the continuous fiber bundle to form a twisted chopped fiber bundle.
The gum dipping twisted chopped fiber bundle is spiral in appearance and has better fluidity, dispersibility and forming following property in the mixing process; the twisted fiber bundle has spiral grains, so that the contact area between the twisted fiber bundle and the matrix material is increased, and the bonding performance in the matrix is improved.
Advantageous effects
The production process of the dipped twisted chopped fibers in the method reduces the demand on labor force, reduces the production cost, has high comprehensive production efficiency which is more than 10 times of that of the traditional production process, and simultaneously has excellent mechanical property, good processing performance and high cost performance.
In the method, the fiber bundles are guided to the same plane by the tension roller, the fiber bundles in the plane are uniformly laid, the wire feeding process of a wire separating plate in the traditional process is eliminated, and the process flow is simpler; meanwhile, the yield is not limited by the number of holes of the splitting plate, the number of the yarn shafts is increased to 1000 holes or more, which is 5 times of that of the traditional process, and the yield is improved.
In the heating and curing device in the method, the fiber bundle advances in a wave shape through the blower sets arranged at intervals on the upper part and the lower part, so that the curing length is increased; meanwhile, the fiber bundles are blown away freely under the action of wind power, so that the fibers are prevented from being adhered to each other; the contact area of the blown single fiber bundle with air is increased, the curing time is shortened, the traction speed is increased (more than 2 times of that of the traditional production process), and the production efficiency is further improved.
The method of the invention cancels the process of splitting artificial fiber after the fiber gum dipping, reduces the demand on labor force and lowers the production cost; because the fiber bundles are mutually adhered after being impregnated, untwisting, tearing and the like cannot be avoided in the splitting process, the new process lays the guided fiber bundles through the tension roller, the fiber bundles are arranged neatly and compactly, the damages of dry yarn abrasion, bending and the like in the threading process of the fibers are reduced, and the product quality is improved.
In the method, the pressure-adjustable roller pair is adopted to remove the redundant resin, so that the stability of the content of the fiber and the resin in the impregnated fiber bundle is ensured; the twisted chopped fiber bundle has high product quality: the fiber bundles have good dispersion effect and are independent from each other and are not sticky; the single fiber bundle has good integrity, yarns are tightly bound and have no burrs, and certain hardness and wear resistance are realized; the mechanical property is excellent, and the resin is completely solidified under the action of wind power, so that the twisted chopped fiber bundle has high strength, good toughness and good impact resistance; the bonding performance is good, the appearance lines of the twisted fiber bundles are clear, each strand of fiber is spiral, and when the twisted fiber bundles are used for reinforcing a base material, the spiral shape has a large specific surface area, so that the contact area with the base material is increased, and the bonding force is improved; the processing performance is good: during the mixing process, the product has better fluidity, dispersibility and forming following property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 production process of traditional gum dipping chopped fiber
FIG. 2 discloses a process for producing dipped chopped fibers
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in any way, and any modifications or alterations based on the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
A production process of a gum dipping chopped twisted fiber bundle, wherein twisted continuous basalt fibers are selected as fibers, and the fineness of the fibers is 66 tex; the diameter of the basalt fiber monofilament is 13 mu m, the tensile strength is 2500MPa, and the elastic modulus is 85 GPa; the number of the yarn shafts is 2000, and the yarn shafts are placed on a fiber creel in a layered mode.
2000 continuous fiber bundles are paved and guided into a plane with the width of 1m through a tension roller, the paving and guiding tension is 600g/dtex, and the surface density of the formed fiber bundles is 132g/m2. Under the action of a tractor, the traction speed is 1m/min, the continuous fiber bundles are uniformly immersed in a glue groove with the width of 1m, and the resin is epoxy resin. Removing redundant resin of the fiber bundle by using a pair roller for the continuous fiber after gum dipping, and applying pressure to the pair roller: 100N/m, and the volume portion of the continuous fibers and the resin is 65: 35. The continuous fiber enters a heating and curing device, 1 blower is arranged in the middle of the upper part of the device, 2 blowers are arranged at the lower part of the device, and three blower sets are arranged at intervals. The wind pressure of each air blower is adjusted to 100N/m2The wind temperature is: 160 ℃. After the continuous twisted fiber bundles are blown away by wind power and cured at high temperature, the observation shows that the fibers of the bundles are independently dispersed and are not sticky. Feeding 2000 dispersed fiber bundles into a chopping machine, setting the chopping length to be 18mm, and chopping to form dipped twisted chopped fiber bundles.
The dipped chopped basalt fiber produced by adopting the dipped chopped twisted fiber bundle disclosed by the invention is spiral in appearance, clear in lines, uniform in resin and compact in cord; the yield is high, and 10 ten thousand bundles of impregnated fibers can be produced per minute; the strength is high, the toughness is good, and the impact resistance is strong; the bonding performance is excellent; good processing performance, good fluidity in the mixing process, good dispersibility, no agglomeration and good forming following performance.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A production process of a dipped twisted chopped fiber bundle is characterized by comprising the following production steps:
(a) twisting continuous fiber yarn shafts are placed on a fiber yarn rack, the number of the yarn shafts is n, and the yarn fineness is q;
(b) spreading a plurality of fiber bundles to the same plane by a tension roller, wherein the spreading width is b, and the density of the spreading surface of the fiber bundles is rho;
(c) the continuous fiber bundle enters a glue tank through a traction device, is fully impregnated with resin and is extruded by a pair of rollers at the pressure of PgRemoving the redundant resin and then entering a heating zone;
(d) the upper part and the lower part of the heating and curing device are provided with a blower set, and the resin is cured and molded by adjusting the wind pressure P and the wind temperature T of the blower set;
(e) and the continuous fiber bundle enters a chopping machine through a traction device, and is chopped according to a fixed length to form a dipped twisted chopped fiber bundle.
2. The process for producing twisted dipped chopped fiber bundles according to claim 1, wherein the number n of the yarn axes is 1000 or more.
3. The process for producing twisted dipped chopped fiber bundles according to claim 1, wherein the fiber bundles are laid with an areal density p ═ n × q × b/1000 in units of g/m2。
4. The process for producing twisted impregnated chopped fiber bundles according to claim 1, wherein the pressure P against the roller isgThe value is (80-200). times.rho/100, and the unit is N/m.
5. The process for producing twisted dipped chopped fiber bundles according to claim 1, wherein the blower unit is arranged at an interval between the upper part and the lower part, and the wind pressure P of the blower unit is (60-180) x ρ/100, and the unit N/m2The air temperature T is 150-220 ℃.
6. The process for producing the dipped twisted chopped fiber bundles according to claim 1, wherein the drawing speed is 1 to 3 m/min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911144718.7A CN112824574A (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2019-11-20 | Production process of impregnation twisted chopped fiber bundles |
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| CN201911144718.7A CN112824574A (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2019-11-20 | Production process of impregnation twisted chopped fiber bundles |
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| CN115287785A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-11-04 | 江苏先诺新材料科技有限公司 | Polyimide chopped fiber production equipment |
| CN115611541A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-01-17 | 南通大学 | Preparation method of fabric reinforced cement-based composite material for improving mechanical property of fiber bundle and cement matrix interface |
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| CN115611541A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-01-17 | 南通大学 | Preparation method of fabric reinforced cement-based composite material for improving mechanical property of fiber bundle and cement matrix interface |
| CN115611541B (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-10-31 | 南通大学 | Preparation method of fabric reinforced cement-based composite material for improving mechanical properties of fiber bundle and cement matrix interface |
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