CN112822932A - Dynamic adjustable dual-function device based on graphene and vanadium dioxide metamaterial - Google Patents
Dynamic adjustable dual-function device based on graphene and vanadium dioxide metamaterial Download PDFInfo
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- CN112822932A CN112822932A CN202110041881.1A CN202110041881A CN112822932A CN 112822932 A CN112822932 A CN 112822932A CN 202110041881 A CN202110041881 A CN 202110041881A CN 112822932 A CN112822932 A CN 112822932A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910021542 Vanadium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- GRUMUEUJTSXQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium dioxide Chemical compound O=[V]=O GRUMUEUJTSXQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 graphite alkene Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 210000000438 stratum basale Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
- H05K9/0088—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding comprising a plurality of shielding layers; combining different shielding material structure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic adjustable dual-function device based on graphene and vanadium dioxide metamaterials, belongs to a wave-absorbing and reflecting device in the field of mid-infrared technology, and utilizes the surface plasma characteristic of graphene and the phase change characteristic of vanadium dioxide. The device is a three-dimensional periodic structure, and the structure of the device comprises the following components: a metal substrate (1) made of gold, a vanadium dioxide layer (2), and a crisscross graphene layer (3). The absorption spectrum of the graphene to electromagnetic waves is calculated and simulated mainly through a finite element method, the structure of the wave absorption device is optimized, an ideal broadband wave absorption effect is obtained, and meanwhile, the function of the device can be dynamically changed by utilizing the phase change characteristic of vanadium dioxide. The wave-absorbing device is simple in structure and easy to process, the wave-absorbing device with the absorption efficiency of more than 90% and the bandwidth of 2.9THz can be realized only by overlapping a layer of cross graphene on the vanadium dioxide material, and in addition, a reflecting device with the reflectivity of more than 99% can be obtained in the full-band range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dynamic adjustable dual-function device based on graphene and vanadium dioxide metamaterials, and belongs to the field of application of metamaterials in mid-infrared bands.
Background
Due to the special properties that many natural materials do not have, such as negative refractive index, complex dielectric constant, inverse doppler effect, etc., metamaterials gradually enter the field of view of researchers. The metamaterial can be used as an ideal wave-absorbing material as a special subtype material, and can obtain nearly perfect absorption characteristics in a narrow frequency band or a wide frequency band range.
The wave-absorbing material is a material which can convert electromagnetic waves incident on the surface of the material into heat energy or other forms of energy, and can reduce the transmission and reflection of the electromagnetic waves, thereby realizing the absorption of the electromagnetic waves. The structure of the typical wave absorbing device at present is a sandwich type: the top layer is a periodic metamaterial pattern, the middle layer is a layer of non-metallic dielectric material, and the bottom layer is an opaque metal plane. The position of the absorption peak and the absorption efficiency are adjusted by adjusting the size of the unit structure, so that the adjustability is difficult to realize once the unit structure is fixed in the experiment.
Since graphene has many excellent optical and electronic properties, graphene is found to exist stably in the natural world, which is a research hotspot in the field of nanomaterials. Graphene as a novel two-dimensional material is one of the materials with the highest known intensity, and has good toughness, and in the optical frequency range, the absorption rate of light is only 2.3%, and the transmittance reaches 97.7%. That is, graphene is substantially transparent to visible light, and when the incident light intensity reaches a certain threshold, its absorption will be in a saturated state. Due to their unique optical and electronic properties, such as high carrier mobility, zero gap bandgap structure, and tunability to change conductivity by applying a bias voltage or chemical doping, graphene is one of the main materials for making a wave absorber.
In addition to graphene, the phase change material vanadium dioxide is also gradually coming into the field of researchers, and it is found that the optical properties of vanadium dioxide change with changes in temperature. Thus, vanadium dioxide materials are increasingly being used to implement optical devices and radio frequency electronic devices. The phase change of the vanadium dioxide occurs between the medium and the metal, and when the temperature is in a room temperature state, the vanadium dioxide is in a medium state; when the temperature exceeds 340K, the vanadium dioxide shows the property of metal.
Compared with the traditional metal wave absorber, the wave absorber based on the graphene and the vanadium dioxide has the advantages that the structure is simple, the processing is easy, the property of the graphene can be adjusted through external voltage, and the property of the vanadium dioxide can be adjusted through changing the temperature. In addition, when the temperature exceeds 340K, the device provided by the invention can work as a reflector at the moment, so that the incident electromagnetic wave is completely reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs a dynamic adjustable dual-function device based on graphene and vanadium dioxide metamaterials, and provides a dual-function device which is simple in structure and easy to adjust.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the dynamic adjustable dual-function device based on the graphene and vanadium dioxide metamaterial is of a two-dimensional periodic three-layer structure and comprises the following components from top to bottom: a layer of crisscross graphene, a layer of vanadium dioxide, and a bottommost metal reflective layer.
The dynamically adjustable dual-function device of the graphene and vanadium dioxide metamaterial in the technical scheme is based on a graphene material and can be manufactured by a graphite oxide reduction method, and the processing of the device further comprises photoetching and etching technologies. The present invention uses graphene materials as the absorption medium.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the terahertz wave absorption device can realize high-efficiency absorption of terahertz waves, and the absorption efficiency of a single frequency band is close to 100%.
2. By adjusting the chemical potential of the graphene, the absorption bandwidth can be dynamically adjusted, and the absorption efficiency is over 90%.
3. By adjusting the external temperature, the property of the vanadium dioxide can be dynamically changed, the absorption bandwidth is further adjusted, and the absorption efficiency is over 90 percent.
4. The position of the absorption peak of the device can be adjusted not only by geometric parameters but also by applying voltage and changing the external temperature.
5. The dual-function device adopts a two-dimensional periodic structure, has a simple and compact structure and is convenient for large-scale integration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural elements of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the absorption in the range of l 5.0um, w 2um, μ from 0.1eV to 0.3 eV.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of the wave absorption with l ═ 5.0um, w ═ 2um, and σ ranging from 100S/m to 10000S/m.
Fig. 4 shows the reflectance spectrum when l is 5.0um, w is 2um, and σ is 200000S/m.
The above pictures contain:
1: a metal material of gold; 2: vanadium dioxide; 3 graphene
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a dynamically tunable dual-function device based on graphene and vanadium dioxide metamaterials. The composition of the reflecting bottom layer is gold with the period of p being 6.0um and the thickness of t being 0.2 um; a vanadium dioxide layer with the thickness d being 0.5um is superposed on the gold, the conductivity of the vanadium dioxide layer can be dynamically changed along with the change of the temperature, the vanadium dioxide layer represents the property of a medium at room temperature, and the vanadium dioxide layer represents the property of metal when the temperature exceeds 340K; a layer of cross graphene is superimposed on the vanadium dioxide, with a thickness g of 0.001 nm. In which the thickness of gold is much greater than the skin depth of gold in the mid-infrared band, the gold substrate of material can be considered a Perfect Electrical Conductor (PEC).
The working principle of the dynamically tunable dual-function device based on graphene and vanadium dioxide metamaterials can be explained as follows. When at room temperature, vanadium dioxide exhibits the properties of a medium, in which case the invention can be used as a wave absorber. As shown in the schematic structural diagram 1, due to the adoption of the cross-shaped graphene structure, when an electromagnetic wave is incident on the graphene surface, a resonance condition is satisfied, and the resonance condition can be represented by a formula 2ksppL +2 δ ═ 2p pi, where kspp is a wave vector of a plasma on the graphene surface, L is a length of a resonant cavity, δ is a phase change at two ends of the resonant cavity, and p is an integer. Besides, the resonance frequency of the trapezoidal graphene array can be determined by the formula ω 1.0/(LC)1/2To describe, L and C in the formula are the inductance and capacitance of the resonator, respectively. The total inductance of the resonator is the dynamic inductance LkAnd a common inductor LgSum, dynamic inductance can be given by the formula Lk＝α(me/(Nde2) Where α is a parameter associated with the structural unit, e is an electron charge, m) are evaluatedeIs the electron mass, NdIs the carrier concentration. As the fermi level of graphene increases, its dynamic inductance decreases, resulting in a decrease in the overall inductance, so the resonant frequency increases. Here, the carrier concentration of graphene can be changed by applying a bias voltage between the graphene strip and the metal substrate, so that the purpose of adjusting the chemical potential of graphene is achieved. As shown in fig. 2, when μ is 0.1eV, the wave absorber is at 9 eVThe absorption bandwidth range of more than 0 percent is 56.1THz-59.0THz, and the maximum absorption rate exceeds 99.5 percent; when mu is 0.3eV, the absorption bandwidth of the wave absorber is 57.1THz-59.6THz at more than 90%, and the maximum absorption rate is over 99.9%.
When the outside temperature is changed, the electrical conductivity of the vanadium dioxide is changed. The conductivity of the vanadium dioxide is gradually increased along with the gradual rise of the temperature, and the vanadium dioxide completely shows the properties of the metal when the temperature exceeds 340K. In fig. 3, we can see that the position of the absorption peak and the absorption bandwidth of the absorber change along with the increase of the conductivity of the vanadium dioxide, when sigma is 100S/m, more than 90% of the absorption bandwidth is 54.6THz-58.6THz, and the maximum absorption rate exceeds 99.7%; when σ is 10000S/m, the absorptance in the vicinity of 50THz is reduced, whereas 90% or more of the absorption peak is in the vicinity of 90THz, 90% or more of the absorption bandwidth is 90.1THz to 91.1THz, and the maximum absorptance exceeds 97.8%. As can be seen from fig. 3, as the electrical conductivity of vanadium dioxide increases, the low-band absorption peak gradually decreases and the high-band absorption peak gradually increases.
As the temperature is further increased, vanadium dioxide shows the properties of metal, and at this time, the graphene and vanadium dioxide metamaterial based dynamically tunable dual-function device can be used as a reflector. As shown in fig. 4, the present invention has a reflectance of 99% or more over the entire frequency band.
Claims (1)
1. The dynamic adjustable dual-function device based on the graphene and vanadium dioxide metamaterial is characterized in that: a layer of gold is used as a reflecting substrate layer, a layer of vanadium dioxide and a layer of cross graphene; wherein, from the gold reflection stratum basale of bottom layer to the gold stripe band layer of top layer, specific every layer thickness respectively is: 0.2um, 0.5um, 1nm, and the length l of the cross arm of cross graphite alkene is 5um, and width w is 2 um.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN114574169A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-06-03 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Vanadium dioxide-boron nitride phase-change heat-conducting composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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