CN112820913A - Control system under variable load working condition of methanol reforming fuel cell power generation system - Google Patents
Control system under variable load working condition of methanol reforming fuel cell power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control system under the condition that a methanol reforming fuel cell power generation system changes load, which comprises a fuel supply module, a methanol reforming module, a fuel cell module, an energy storage module and a control module. The invention can quickly recover the methanol reforming fuel cell system and keep a better state for a long time, overcomes the defect of slow response of the methanol reforming fuel cell system, avoids the impact of changing the power required by users on the methanol reforming fuel cell system, meets the requirements of users on the power required by global changing users and the intermittent power utilization, and can ensure the efficient and stable operation of the whole power generation system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a control system of a methanol reforming fuel cell power generation system under the condition of varying load.
Background
The methanol reforming fuel cell is a fuel cell system which takes hydrogen-rich gas generated by methanol reforming reaction as fuel, and consists of a methanol reforming module and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, and the framework utilizes the characteristics of high power density and high energy efficiency of the hydrogen proton membrane fuel cell stack; meanwhile, methanol is used as an input energy source of the fuel cell, and hydrogen is produced and used immediately, so that the problems of high pressure danger in the hydrogen storage process, low efficiency in the transportation process, high use cost and the like are solved. The methanol steam reforming reaction is an endothermic reaction, so a heat source needs to be provided externally to maintain the energy required by reforming endotherm and raw material preheating, in order to improve the system efficiency, hydrogen which is not utilized by a fuel cell is generally used for supplying heat to a methanol reforming system by a back combustion utilization mode, and combustion tail gas and high-temperature waste gas of the fuel cell are generally used for recovering heat in a mode of preheating the raw material, so the system is a multi-heat-mass transfer system, but the heat and mass transfer is a relatively slow process, and the adjustment of the output power of the system is slow, so the frequent change of the output of the fuel cell can influence the stability of the operation of the methanol reforming fuel cell system.
The working temperature of the methanol reforming module is usually 250 ℃, the working temperature of the high-temperature proton membrane fuel cell stack is also about 140-. In many mobile power utilization occasions, such as motor homes, mobile equipment detection vehicles and military command vehicles, the power required by users is usually changed and the power utilization is also discontinuous due to the influence of the use habits, environments and air conditioners of the users; in order to reduce the volume and weight, the capacity of the energy storage module equipped in the methanol fuel cell system is limited, and the energy storage module is required to keep a better residual capacity for the next start.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a control system under the condition of varying load of a methanol reforming fuel cell power generation system. The invention can quickly recover the methanol reforming fuel cell system and keep a better state for a long time, overcomes the defect of slow response of the methanol reforming fuel cell system, avoids the impact of changing the power required by users on the methanol reforming fuel cell system, meets the requirements of users on the power required by global changing users and the intermittent power utilization, and can ensure the efficient and stable operation of the whole power generation system; particularly, in the case of island power generation systems or mobile power utilization without base power, the system needs to be maintained in a better state all the time.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is: a control system of a methanol reforming fuel cell power generation system under the condition of varying load comprises a fuel supply module, a methanol reforming module, a fuel cell module, an energy storage module and a control module;
the control module is in communication connection with the fuel supply module, the fuel cell module and the energy storage module;
the control module outputs power P by the energy storage moduleBAnd the sum of the output power Pmfc of the fuel cell is used as the required power Pr and/or the residual capacity value SOC of the energy storage module to respectively control the fuel supply module and the fuel cell module, and the control steps are as follows:
1) carrying out power regional processing on the required power value to form a required power regional variable Ui;
2) performing residual capacity regionalization processing according to the residual capacity value of the energy storage module to form a residual capacity region variable Cj;
3) when the power region variable Ui and/or the residual capacity region variable Cj change, comparing the corresponding required power region value and/or the residual capacity region value with an f (Ui, Cj) rule database to obtain the corresponding output power of the fuel cell;
and after the preset time is delayed, the output of the DCDC of the fuel cell is adjusted, and the liquid inlet amount and the air flow of the methanol water in the fuel supply module are adjusted.
After the method is adopted, compared with the prior art, the control system of the methanol reforming fuel cell power generation system under the condition of varying the load has the following advantages: by regionalizing the required power, the influence of small-range power fluctuation of electric equipment on a methanol reforming fuel cell system can be effectively avoided, and meanwhile, the output power of the methanol reforming fuel cell system can be timely adjusted in response to the power change required by a user to a certain extent; the residual capacity of the energy storage module is processed regionally, so that the adjustment frequency of the methanol reforming fuel cell can be effectively reduced, the fluctuation of the temperature and the flow in the system is reduced, the power generation system can run efficiently and stably, and the energy storage module can be maintained in a better state; the method for adjusting the output hysteresis of the fuel cell can effectively filter the interference of short-time on-off of part of electric equipment on a methanol reforming fuel cell system.
As an improvement of the invention, the power required by the user is regionalized into at least 5, and the residual capacity is regionalized into at least 5. Through the improvement, a plurality of groups of user required power areas and residual capacity areas are respectively set, the corresponding fuel cell output power is obtained through comparison with the f (Ui, Cj) fuzzy rule database, and the applicability and the functionality of the system can be improved through division of the plurality of groups of areas.
As an improvement of the invention, the power area variable Ui is divided into n subsets Ui, i being 1 … … n, the residual capacity area variable Cj is divided into n modulo subsets Cj, j being 1 … … n, and any pair of combinations (Ui, Cj) yields a fuzzy subset Pmfc of the control module's signal, m being 1 … … n, thus forming a fuzzy inference rule ((Ui, Cj) - -Pmfc).
As an improvement of the present invention, the required power region variable is Ui, U ═ U1, U2, … …, Un-1, Un } where U1 is [0 to 0.3Pmax ], U1 is a non-sensitive region, U2 to Un; and the segmentation area range of U1 is maximum;
the residual capacity region variable Cj, C ═ { C1, C2, … …, Cn-1, Cn }, wherein C1 is [ 0-0.7 Pmax ], C1 is a risk region, C2-Cn-1 is a normal region, and Cn is [0.9-1Pmax ]; cn is a warning area;
wherein the maximum output power of the system is Pmax. The required power region variable and the remaining capacity region variable are respectively set to a plurality of groups,
as a modification of the present invention, when Ui is constant and Cj is varied, the hysteresis time is 0; when Ui is changed and Cj is not changed, the lag time is 1.5-3 minutes. By adopting the scheme of distinguishing the hysteresis adjustment, the system can respond to the power change required by a user in time, adjust the output power of the methanol reforming fuel cell system in time, effectively filter the interference of short-time on-off of part of electric equipment on the methanol reforming fuel cell system, and keep the better charge state of the energy storage cell.
As an improvement of the invention, the power regulation rate is 0.005Pmax/s-0.01Pmax/s, and the power regulation method of the stepping level can enable the output power of the fuel cell to stably rise and stably fall, thereby ensuring the stability of the system. The polarization damage of the fuel cell caused by the rapid consumption of hydrogen generated by methanol reforming can be avoided, and the methanol reforming temperature is not enough due to the insufficient amount of reburning hydrogen; meanwhile, the phenomenon that the methanol reforming temperature is too high due to the rapid increase of the hydrogen burned back because the hydrogen generated by the methanol reforming is rapidly excessive, so that the content of CO in the tail gas is increased, and the electrode of the fuel cell is poisoned is avoided.
As an improvement of the present invention, the methanol reforming module is connected to the fuel cell module to provide hydrogen to the fuel cell, and meanwhile, hydrogen not used by the fuel cell enters the methanol reforming module to be combusted, so that the system efficiency of the fuel cell system can be effectively improved, and the emission of harmful or combustible gas is avoided.
As an improvement of the invention, the control module collects data such as residual capacity, current, voltage, power and the like of the energy storage module, collects and regulates the liquid inlet amount and air flow of methanol water in the fuel supply module, collects parameters of the fuel cell module and controls the regulation of the DCDC.
As an improvement of the present invention, the step of reducing the output power of the methanol reforming fuel cell is a: after receiving the instruction of reducing the output power, firstly adjusting the fuel pump to reduce the input quantity of the methanol water, wherein the methanol water is firstly reduced to 80-90% of the target value Q, and then is increased to the target value Q to further reduce the output power of the fuel cell system. Through the improvement, the condition of excessive residual hydrogen in the fuel cell in the load reduction process can be neutralized in a short time, the condition of rapid temperature rise caused by excessive unused hydrogen entering the methanol reforming module for combustion is prevented, and the stable transition of the load reduction process of the system is ensured.
As an improvement of the present invention, the step of increasing the output power of the methanol reforming fuel cell is b: after receiving the instruction of increasing the output power, firstly adjusting the fuel pump, increasing the liquid inlet amount of the methanol water, and increasing the methanol water to 110-120% of the target value Q, and then decreasing the methanol water to the target value Q. Through the improvement, the situation that hydrogen in the fuel cell is insufficient in the loading process can be quickly compensated, electrode polarization damage caused by insufficient fuel is reduced, the phenomenon that the temperature of a methanol reforming module is too low due to insufficient hydrogen in the burn-back process is prevented, and the stable transition of the system in the loading process is guaranteed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
by regionalizing the required power, the influence of small-range power fluctuation of electric equipment on a methanol reforming fuel cell system can be effectively avoided, and meanwhile, the output power of the methanol reforming fuel cell system can be timely adjusted in response to the power change required by a user to a certain extent; the residual capacity of the energy storage module is processed regionally, so that the adjustment frequency of the methanol reforming fuel cell can be effectively reduced, the fluctuation of the temperature and the flow in the system is reduced, the power generation system can run efficiently and stably, and the energy storage module can be maintained in a better state; the interference of short-time on-off of part of electric equipment on a methanol reforming fuel cell system can be effectively filtered by adopting a fuel cell output hysteresis adjusting method;
in the whole process, the fuel cell has less adjusting times and long system stabilization time, the fuel cell can be in a good charge state while meeting the power consumption of a client, and in addition, the fuel cell can stably reach the required power by lifting and lowering the load at a reasonable speed;
through under the normal operating stage of methanol reforming fuel cell, slowly fill, slowly put the energy storage module and can effectual reduction methanol reforming fuel cell output adjustment frequency, reduce the volatility of the inside temperature of system and flow, let power generation system can high-efficient, even running. Especially when the power generation system is used as an island power generation system or a mobile power utilization occasion without basic power, the system needs to be kept in a better state, and the power supply caused by the failure of providing starting power and power required by a user in the next starting is prevented, so that the equipment is prevented from being paralyzed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system configuration of a methanol reforming fuel cell of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operational stages of a methanol reforming fuel cell system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the control of the fuel supply module and the fuel cell module according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic temperature diagram of the methanol reforming module of the present invention in operation.
Fig. 5 is a schematic temperature diagram illustrating operation of a methanol reforming module according to the prior art.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
Referring to fig. 1, a control system for a power generation system of a methanol reforming fuel cell under varying load conditions includes a fuel supply module, a methanol reforming module, a fuel cell module, an energy storage module, and a control module;
the control module is in communication connection with the fuel supply module, the fuel cell module and the energy storage module;
the control module outputs power P by the energy storage moduleBAnd the sum of the output power Pmfc of the fuel cell is used as the required power Pr and/or the residual capacity value SOC of the energy storage module to respectively control the fuel supply module and the fuel cell module, and the control steps are as follows:
1) carrying out power regional processing on the required power value to form a required power regional variable Ui;
2) performing residual capacity regionalization processing according to the residual capacity value of the energy storage module to form a residual capacity region variable Cj;
3) when the power region variable Ui and/or the residual capacity region variable Cj change, comparing the corresponding required power region value and/or the residual capacity region value with an f (Ui, Cj) rule database to obtain the corresponding output power of the fuel cell;
and after the preset time is delayed, the output of the DCDC of the fuel cell is adjusted, and the liquid inlet amount and the air flow of the methanol water in the fuel supply module are adjusted.
The energy storage module is a storage battery. The methanol reforming module is connected with the fuel cell module and provides hydrogen for the fuel cell module, meanwhile, hydrogen which is not utilized by the fuel cell module enters the methanol reforming module to be combusted, and the fuel supply module, the fuel cell module and the energy storage module are in communication connection with the control module.
The control module collects data such as residual capacity, current, voltage and power of the energy storage module, collects liquid inlet quantity and air flow of methanol water in the fuel supply module and adjusts the liquid inlet quantity and the air flow, collects parameters of the fuel cell module and controls adjustment of the DCDC.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the operation of the methanol reforming fuel cell system is divided into a start-up phase, a system quick recovery phase, a normal operation phase and a shutdown phase.
And in the starting stage, the power demand of the user and the power for starting the methanol reforming fuel cell system are provided by the energy storage module.
And in the quick recovery stage of the system, the power demand of a user is provided by the methanol reforming fuel cell system, and the methanol reforming fuel cell system is used for quickly charging the energy storage module.
In the normal operation stage, the electricity demand of the user is provided by the methanol reforming fuel cell system and the energy storage module together.
In the shutdown stage, the power required by a user is 0, and the power for shutdown of the methanol reforming fuel cell system is provided by the energy storage module.
The quick recovery stage of the system is different from the control algorithm of the normal operation stage. In the system quick recovery stage, the methanol reforming fuel cell system charges the energy storage module with large current, so that the energy storage module can quickly recover a better state; and in the normal operation stage, the methanol reforming fuel cell system and the energy storage module are used for coupling and supplying power to the power required by a user, the energy storage module is slowly charged and slowly released, the output adjustment frequency of the methanol reforming fuel cell can be effectively reduced, the fluctuation of the internal temperature and the flow of the system is reduced, and the power generation system can be efficiently and stably operated. Especially when the power generation system is used as an island power generation system or a mobile power utilization occasion without basic power, the system needs to be kept in a better state, and the power supply caused by the failure of providing starting power and power required by a user in the next starting is prevented, so that the equipment is prevented from being paralyzed.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the control module takes the sum of the output power of the energy storage module and the output power of the fuel cell as the required power, and performs power-region processing on the required power. And the control module carries out residual capacity regionalization treatment according to the residual capacity value of the energy storage module. When the power area Ui or the residual capacity area Cj changes, the database comparison is carried out according to the power area and the residual capacity area required by a user to obtain a corresponding output current value of the fuel cell, after a certain time delay, the DCDC output of the fuel cell is adjusted, and simultaneously the liquid inlet amount and the air flow of methanol water in the fuel supply module are adjusted. By regionalizing the required power, the influence of small-range power fluctuation of electric equipment on a methanol reforming fuel cell system can be effectively avoided, and meanwhile, the output power of the methanol reforming fuel cell system can be timely adjusted in response to the power change required by a user to a certain extent; the residual capacity of the energy storage module is processed regionally, so that the adjustment frequency of the methanol reforming fuel cell can be effectively reduced, the fluctuation of the temperature and the flow in the system is reduced, the power generation system can run efficiently and stably, and the energy storage module can be maintained in a better state; the method for adjusting the output hysteresis of the fuel cell can effectively filter the interference of short-time on-off of part of electric equipment on a methanol reforming fuel cell system.
The description is given in conjunction with the examples: fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a temperature curve during normal operation of a methanol reforming module in the prior art, and therefore, it can be seen that the fluctuation range of the temperature during operation of the methanol reforming module in the prior art is large, which causes corresponding change in the gas yield of the methanol reforming module, and damages the fuel cell electrode when hydrogen production is insufficient, and on the other hand, when hydrogen is burned back excessively, the generation of hot spots easily causes the CO content in the methanol reforming tail gas to be too large, thereby poisoning the fuel cell electrode, reducing the stability of system operation, and affecting the service life of the system. Meanwhile, the system adjustment frequency is too high, so that the stability of the system is reduced, the fuel utilization rate of the system is reduced, and the efficiency of the system is reduced.
Dividing the power region variable Ui into n subsets Ui, i being 1 … … n, dividing the residual capacity region variable Cj into n modulus subsets Cj, j being 1 … … n, and making a fuzzy subset Pmfcx of the control module signal by any pair of combinations (Ui, Cj), x being 1 … … n, thereby forming a fuzzy inference rule ((Ui, Cj) - -Pmfcx).
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, Pr is the power required by the user, Pmfc is the output power of the methanol reforming fuel cell system, PB is the input/output power of the battery, and Pr is PB + Pmfc, SOC is the remaining energy of the energy storage module, and the maximum output power of the system is Pmax. The user required power region function is Ui, U ═ { U1, U2, U3, U4, U5} wherein U1 is [ 0-0.3 Pmax ], U2 is [ 0.3-0.5 Pmax ], U3 is [ 0.5-0.7 Pmax ], U4 is [ 0.7-0.9 Pmax ], U5 is [0.9-1Pmax ], U1 is a non-sensitive region, the range of the non-sensitive region is slightly larger than the range of other regions, the power generation efficiency of the methanol reforming fuel cell system in the power section is low, the output power of the fuel cell system is set to be larger than 0.3Pmax, and the system in the region section is hardly responsive. U2-U5 are high-efficiency areas, and the power generation efficiency of the methanol reforming fuel cell system in the power section is high. The energy storage module residual capacity region function is Cj, C ═ { C1, C2, C3, C4, C5}, where C1 is [0 to 0.7Pmax ], C2 is [0.7 to 0.8Pmax ], C3 is [0.8 to 0.85Pmax ], C4 is [0.85 to 0.9Pmax ], and C5 is [0.9 to 1Pmax ], and generally, a mobile application requires a small size, a light weight, and no energy storage battery is equipped, where a C1 region is wide, and a residual capacity in the region is insufficient to affect next start and reduce standby time, and a C2 to C4 normal region. Where C5 is a high risk area where the battery is sufficiently charged to not accept short duration high currents, and if the user turns off the sudden load, the fuel cell discharges power everywhere, which can cause system damage.
When the system is started, the power for starting the equipment and the power for users are both provided by the storage battery, and when the methanol reforming fuel cell system is used
And after the system is preheated to the working temperature, the system starts to output electric energy. When the methanol reforming fuel cell enters the power generation state, the output power thereof is determined by Cj and Ui together. Take a 5kW methanol fuel cell system as an example.
For example, when Pr fluctuates in the range of 0.15 to 0.2Pmax and SOC < 0.5, Pr ∈ U1. Comparing the output power of the fuel cell in the database according to U1 and C1 to obtain Pfc5, wherein Pfc5 is approximately equal to 0.3Pmax + Pr, and at the moment, the fuel cell supplies power to a user and rapidly charges a storage battery; with the progress of the charging of the storage battery, 0.8 & lt SOC & lt 0.85, comparing the output power of the fuel cell in the database according to U1 and C3 to obtain Pfc2, Pfc2 & lt 0.05Pmax + Pr, and under the condition that the electricity consumption of the user is still provided by the fuel cell alone and the storage battery is charged with small current, wherein in the process of reducing Pfc5 to Pfc2, step a is executed quickly without time delay; when the SOC is more than 0.9 as the charging is further carried out, comparing the output power of the fuel cell in the database according to U1 and C5 to obtain Pfc1, Pfc1 is approximately equal to Pr-PB, starting to consume the electricity of the storage battery, and when the SOC is less than 0.85 as the electric quantity of the storage battery is continuously consumed, the fuel cell needs to increase the power to charge the storage battery according to fuzzy database rules C1 and C4, executing step b, and repeating the steps. In the whole process, the adjusting times of the fuel cell are less, the system is stable for a long time, the power consumption of a client is met, the battery can be in a good charge state, and in addition, the load is lifted at a reasonable speed, so that the system can stably reach the required power.
If the Pr fluctuates in the power range of 0.55 to 0.6Pmax, and the SOC is greater than 0.8 and less than 0.85 at this time, the fuel cell in the database is compared to operate with the output power Pfc11 according to the rules C1 and C3, during the operation, it is assumed that the user uses a certain electrical equipment (time is 20S) in a short period, and the fuel cell output is Pfc15 according to the rule base data, and at this time, the Pfc should be adjusted, but since the delay determination time is set to be 2min, the system does not execute the step a. Therefore, the time delay adjustment can effectively filter the interference caused by short-term change of power required by a user, in addition, the temperature needs to be additionally increased in the load lifting process of the methanol reforming fuel cell system, and the power generation efficiency of the system can be reduced, so that the high efficiency and the stability of the system can be ensured to a certain extent by the time delay adjustment.
The step of reducing the output power of the methanol reforming fuel cell is as follows: after receiving the instruction of reducing the output power, firstly adjusting the fuel pump to reduce the input quantity of the methanol water, wherein the methanol water is firstly reduced to 80-90% of the target value Q, and then is increased to the target value Q to further reduce the output power of the fuel cell system. The condition of excessive residual hydrogen in the fuel cell in the load reduction process can be neutralized in a short time, the condition of rapid temperature rise caused by excessive unused hydrogen entering the methanol reforming module for combustion is prevented, and the stable transition of the load reduction process of the system is ensured.
The step of increasing the output power of the methanol reforming fuel cell is that: after receiving the instruction of increasing the output power, firstly adjusting the fuel pump, increasing the liquid inlet amount of the methanol water, and increasing the methanol water to 110-120% of the target value Q, and then decreasing the methanol water to the target value Q. The condition that hydrogen in the fuel cell is insufficient in the loading process can be rapidly compensated, electrode polarization damage caused by insufficient fuel is reduced, the phenomenon that the temperature of a methanol reforming module is too low due to insufficient hydrogen in the burn-back process is prevented, and the stable transition of the system in the loading process is guaranteed.
The above description has been made only with respect to the control method embodiment of the present invention, but it should not be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and specific data thereof are allowed to vary. But all changes which come within the scope of the invention as defined by the independent claims are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. A control system of a methanol reforming fuel cell power generation system under the condition of varying load is characterized by comprising a fuel supply module, a methanol reforming module, a fuel cell module, an energy storage module and a control module;
the control module is in communication connection with the fuel supply module, the fuel cell module and the energy storage module;
the control module takes the sum of the output power PB of the energy storage module and the output power Pmfc of the fuel cell as the required power Pr and/or the residual capacity value SOC of the energy storage module to respectively control the fuel supply module and the fuel cell module, and the control steps are as follows:
1) carrying out power regional processing on the required power value to form a required power regional variable Ui;
2) performing residual capacity regionalization processing according to the residual capacity value of the energy storage module to form a residual capacity region variable Cj;
3) when the power region variable Ui and/or the residual capacity region variable Cj change, comparing the corresponding required power region value and/or the residual capacity region value with an f (Ui, Cj) rule database to obtain the corresponding output power of the fuel cell;
4) and after the preset time is delayed, the output of the DCDC of the fuel cell is adjusted, and the liquid inlet amount and the air flow of the methanol water in the fuel supply module are adjusted.
2. The control system according to claim 1, wherein the power demand of the user is regionalized to at least 5 and the remaining capacity is regionalized to at least 4.
3. The control system of claim 2, wherein the power domain variable Ui is divided into n subsets Ui, i is 1 … … n, the residual capacity domain variable Cj is divided into n module subsets Cj, j is 1 … … n, and any pair of combinations (Ui, Cj) infer fuzzy subsets Pmfcx, x is 1 … … n of the control module's signal, thereby forming fuzzy inference rules ((Ui, Cj) - -Pmfcx).
4. The control system of claim 3, wherein the required power region variable is Ui, U ═ { U1, U2, … …, Un-1, Un }, where U1 is [ 0-0.3 Pmax ], U1 is the insensitive region, and U2-Un is the efficient region;
the residual capacity region variable Cj, C ═ { C1, C2, … …, Cn-1, Cn }, wherein C1 is [ 0-0.7 Pmax ], C1 is a risk region, C2-Cn-1 is a normal region, and Cn is [0.9-1Pmax ]; cn is a warning area;
wherein the maximum output power of the system is Pmax.
5. The control system of claim 4, wherein the lag time is 0 when Ui is constant and Cj is variable; when Ui is changed and Cj is not changed, the lag time is 1.5-3 minutes.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the power adjustment rate is in a range of 0.005Pmax/s to 0.02 Pmax/s.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the methanol reforming module is connected to the fuel cell module to provide hydrogen to the fuel cell, and hydrogen not used by the fuel cell enters the methanol reforming module for combustion.
8. The control system of claim 1, wherein the control module collects data of residual capacity, current, voltage, power and the like of the energy storage module, collects and regulates the liquid inlet amount and air flow of methanol water in the fuel supply module, and collects parameters of the fuel cell module and controls the regulation of the DCDC.
9. The control system of claim 8, wherein the step of reducing the output power of the methanol reforming fuel cell comprises: after receiving the instruction of reducing the output power, firstly adjusting the fuel pump to reduce the input quantity of the methanol water, wherein the methanol water is firstly reduced to 80-90% of the target value Q, and then is increased to the target value Q to further reduce the output power of the fuel cell system.
10. The control system of claim 8, wherein the step of increasing the output power of the methanol reforming fuel cell comprises: after receiving the instruction of increasing the output power, firstly adjusting the fuel pump, increasing the liquid inlet amount of the methanol water, increasing the methanol water to 110-120% of the target value Q, and then decreasing the methanol water to the target value Q to increase the output power of the fuel cell system.
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