CN112491064A - Energy storage primary frequency modulation comprehensive control method considering SOC adaptive recovery - Google Patents
Energy storage primary frequency modulation comprehensive control method considering SOC adaptive recovery Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
Abstract
The invention relates to an energy storage primary frequency modulation comprehensive control method considering SOC self-adaptive recovery, which divides the process of energy storage participating in frequency modulation into a frequency modulation stage and an SOC self-recovery stage by taking a power grid frequency modulation dead zone as a boundary. In the frequency modulation stage, a comprehensive control strategy considering virtual droop control, virtual inertia control and virtual negative inertia control is adopted, so that the function of energy storage participating in primary frequency modulation of the power system is exerted to the maximum extent. In the SOC self-recovery stage, the recovery reference of the SOC is set to be (0.45-0.55), so that the number of times of starting the SOC self-recovery by energy storage can be reduced, and the potential of the energy storage participating in the next frequency modulation can be ensured. The recovery power adopts the adaptive control rule based on the SOC, and the problem of overcharge and overdischarge can be effectively prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power system control, in particular to an energy storage primary frequency modulation comprehensive control method considering SOC self-adaptive recovery.
Background
With the increase of environmental protection awareness and the exhaustion of fossil fuels, large-scale renewable energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like are being widely applied to power generation. However, the power supply safety of the power system is seriously affected by the fluctuation and uncertainty of the renewable energy. And the replacement of a high proportion of renewable energy sources for the traditional unit can reduce the inertia of the system and influence the primary frequency modulation capability of the power system. Therefore, under such pressure, it is necessary to find a new frequency modulation means to compensate the deficiency of the primary frequency modulation capability in the conventional manner. In recent years, electrochemical energy storage is widely applied to auxiliary power grid frequency modulation due to the advantages of rapid action and flexible control.
At present, the research on the primary frequency modulation control strategy of the power system participated in by energy storage mainly has the following problems: on one hand, the management of the SOC is mostly concentrated on the frequency modulation stage, and the SOC self-recovery control in the frequency modulation dead zone is not considered, so that the problem of overcharge and overdischarge of stored energy can be caused. On the other hand, when SOC self-recovery is considered, the control strategy in the frequency modulation stage is too simple, for example, only the effect of virtual droop control is considered, and the maximum effect of energy storage participating in frequency modulation cannot be fully exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for comprehensively controlling energy storage primary frequency modulation in consideration of SOC adaptive recovery, which can maintain the SOC within an ideal interval and prevent the service life of the energy storage from being affected by overcharge and overdischarge.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an energy storage primary frequency modulation comprehensive control method considering SOC self-adaptive recovery comprises the following steps:
the frequency, the frequency change rate and the SOC of the energy storage of the power system are monitored in real time through energy storage;
dividing the process of energy storage participating in frequency modulation into a frequency modulation stage and an SOC self-recovery stage by taking the frequency modulation dead zone of the power grid as a boundary;
according to the frequency of the real-time monitoring power system, whether the frequency of the power system exceeds the dead zone of the power system and whether the energy storage SOC is in the ideal range of the power system are judged;
if the frequency exceeds the dead zone, the energy storage participates in the primary frequency modulation of the system;
if the frequency does not exceed the dead zone, judging whether the energy storage SOC is in the ideal range, and if not, starting energy storage self-recovery control; if the energy storage SOC is in the ideal range, the energy storage does not participate in frequency modulation, and self-recovery of the SOC is not needed.
Furthermore, in the frequency modulation stage, according to different frequency working conditions, different comprehensive control strategies are adopted:
when the frequency is in a deterioration working condition, a mode of coaction of virtual inertia response and virtual droop control is adopted; and when the frequency is in the recovery working condition, adopting a mode of coaction of virtual negative inertia response and virtual droop control.
Further, the virtual droop control, the virtual inertia control response, and the virtual negative inertia response are respectively calculated according to the following formulas:
ΔPD＝-KD×Δf
Δ f is the deviation of the frequency,
is the rate of change of frequency, KDFor virtual droop control coefficients, KIIs a virtual positive inertia control coefficient, K'IIs a virtual negative coefficient of inertia.
Further, the output of the stored energy in the frequency modulation stage is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the frequency is in a degraded condition and,
the frequency is in a recovery condition.
Further, when the frequency modulation dead zone is in, the adaptive recovery of the SOC is performed, specifically:
a section in which the recovery reference of SOC is set to (0.45-0.55)
In the formula, PD(SOC)、PC(SOC) represents the charge and discharge power of the stored energy during the SOC self-recovery process, respectively.
Further, said PD(SOC) and PCThe (SOC) determines the optimal value according to an adaptive control method, which is specifically described as follows:
(1) when the SOC is <0.45,
PD(SOC)＝0
(2) when the SOC is more than or equal to 0.45 and less than or equal to 0.55,
PD(SOC)＝PC(SOC)＝0
(3) when the SOC is >0.55,
PC(SOC)＝0。
when n takes different values, an adaptive control curve thereof is obtained as shown in fig. 3. Preferably, taking n as 20, the relationship between the stored energy self-recovery power and the SOC is obtained as shown in fig. 4.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention takes the frequency modulation dead zone of the power grid as a boundary, and divides the process of energy storage participating in frequency modulation into a frequency modulation stage and an SOC self-recovery stage. The characteristics of virtual droop control, virtual inertia control and virtual negative inertia control are comprehensively considered in the frequency modulation stage. In the frequency deterioration stage, virtual droop control and virtual inertia control are adopted to act together; and in the frequency recovery stage, the virtual droop and the virtual negative inertia control are adopted to act together. Compared with single droop control, the comprehensive control mode can better play the role of energy storage participating in the frequency modulation process, and is beneficial to reducing the configuration of energy storage.
2. Compared with the fixed SOC recovery standard of 0.5, the recovery standard of the SOC is set to be (0.45-0.55), the energy storage device can reduce the self-recovery times of the energy storage start, is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the energy storage device, and can still ensure the potential of the energy storage to participate in the next frequency modulation after the SOC self-recovery. In addition, the self-recovery power of the stored energy adopts an adaptive control rule based on the SOC, so that the SOC can be maintained in an ideal interval, and the influence on the service life of the stored energy due to overcharge and overdischarge is prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a control flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a frequency modulation condition of a power grid;
FIG. 3 is a self-adaptive control curve for self-recovery of stored energy according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an adaptive control curve for energy storage self-recovery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a simulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a change in system frequency under a step load disturbance according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an energy storage SOC variation diagram under step load disturbance according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a continuous load disturbance curve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the frequency variation of the system under continuous load disturbance according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the variation of the energy storage SOC under continuous load disturbance according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a comparison of the number of times of energy storage start-up self-recovery when different SOCs recover the reference according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an energy storage primary frequency modulation integrated control method considering SOC adaptive recovery, including the following steps:
the frequency, the frequency change rate and the SOC of the energy storage of the power system are monitored in real time through energy storage;
dividing the process of energy storage participating in frequency modulation into a frequency modulation stage and an SOC self-recovery stage by taking the frequency modulation dead zone of the power grid as a boundary;
according to the frequency of the real-time monitoring power system, whether the frequency of the power system exceeds the dead zone of the power system and whether the energy storage SOC is in the ideal range of the power system are judged;
if the frequency exceeds the dead zone, the energy storage participates in the primary frequency modulation of the system;
if the frequency does not exceed the dead zone, judging whether the energy storage SOC is in the ideal range, and if not, starting energy storage self-recovery control; if the energy storage SOC is in the ideal range, the energy storage does not participate in frequency modulation, and self-recovery of the SOC is not needed.
In the frequency modulation stage, different comprehensive control strategies are adopted according to different frequency working conditions:
in a deteriorated condition at frequency
When the method is used, a mode of coaction of virtual inertia response and virtual droop control is adopted; at frequency in recovery regime
And (3) adopting a mode of coaction of virtual negative inertia response and virtual droop control.
Example 1:
in the embodiment, a small independent power system comprising two thermal power generating units and an energy storage unit is built in Matlab/Simulink, and the rated frequency of the small independent power system is 50 Hz. The thermal power generating unit is provided with a complete excitation and speed regulation system, and the capacities of the thermal power generating unit are 200MVA and 150MVA respectively. The system load is a constant power load with the size of 322 MW. Simulation analysis is respectively carried out under 2 typical load disturbance conditions of step and continuous. The method 1 is no energy storage; in the method 2, energy storage is added to participate in frequency modulation, and the control strategy is the frequency modulation stage control strategy provided by the invention, but the self-recovery control of the SOC is not considered; in the method 3, energy storage is added to participate in frequency modulation, the control strategy only considers virtual droop control, and the SOC self-recovery strategy in a frequency modulation dead zone and the self-adaptive recovery control adopting the method are adopted; method 4 is the control method of the present invention.
According to the system frequency variation graph and the energy storage system SOC variation graph, after energy storage is added to participate in frequency modulation, frequency deviation of the system is reduced compared with that when energy storage is not available, and therefore the fact that the effect of power grid frequency modulation can be improved by adding energy storage can be known. Compared with the method 3 and the method 4, the frequency deviation of the frequency modulation stage can be further reduced by adopting a single control strategy compared with the comprehensive control strategy which considers the virtual droop control, the virtual inertia response and the virtual negative inertia response and is adopted in the frequency modulation stage, so that the function of energy storage participating in the frequency modulation is maximized. As can be seen from the comparison between method 2 and method 4, considering SOC self-recovery in the frequency modulation dead zone, although a small frequency modulation capability is sacrificed, an excellent SOC maintaining effect can be obtained. And as can be seen from the simulation comparison of different SOC recovery benchmarks, the recovery benchmark (0.45-0.55) set by the invention can reduce the self-recovery times of the energy storage starting and prolong the service life of the energy storage starting and the self-recovery times of the energy storage starting and the recovery benchmark (0.45-0.55) set by the invention compared with the recovery benchmark (0.5) set by the invention can still ensure the potential of the energy storage participating in the next frequency modulation. In summary, the frequency modulation effect and the SOC maintaining effect are considered comprehensively, and the control effect is optimal.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An energy storage primary frequency modulation comprehensive control method considering SOC self-adaptive recovery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the frequency, the frequency change rate and the SOC of the energy storage of the power system are monitored in real time through energy storage;
dividing the process of energy storage participating in frequency modulation into a frequency modulation stage and an SOC self-recovery stage by taking the frequency modulation dead zone of the power grid as a boundary;
according to the frequency of the real-time monitoring power system, whether the frequency of the power system exceeds the dead zone of the power system and whether the energy storage SOC is in the ideal range of the power system are judged;
if the frequency exceeds the dead zone, the energy storage participates in the primary frequency modulation of the system;
if the frequency does not exceed the dead zone, judging whether the energy storage SOC is in the ideal range, and if not, starting energy storage self-recovery control; if the energy storage SOC is in the ideal range, the energy storage does not participate in frequency modulation, and self-recovery of the SOC is not needed.
2. The energy storage primary frequency modulation integrated control method considering SOC adaptive recovery as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the frequency modulation stage, according to different frequency conditions, different integrated control strategies are adopted:
when the frequency is in a deterioration working condition, a mode of coaction of virtual inertia response and virtual droop control is adopted; and when the frequency is in the recovery working condition, adopting a mode of coaction of virtual negative inertia response and virtual droop control.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the virtual droop control, the virtual inertia control response and the virtual negative inertia response are calculated according to the following formulas:
ΔPD＝-KD×Δf
Δ f is the deviation of the frequency,
is the rate of change of frequency, KDFor virtual droop control coefficients, KIIs a virtual positive inertia control coefficient, K'IIs a virtual negative coefficient of inertia.
4. The energy storage primary frequency modulation integrated control method considering SOC adaptive recovery as claimed in claim 3, wherein the output of energy storage in the frequency modulation stage is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the frequency is in a degraded condition and,
the frequency is in a recovery condition.
5. The energy storage primary frequency modulation integrated control method considering SOC adaptive recovery as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the frequency modulation dead zone is within, the adaptive recovery of SOC is performed, specifically:
a section in which the recovery reference of SOC is set to (0.45-0.55)
In the formula, PD(SOC)、PC(SOC) represents the charge and discharge power of the stored energy during the SOC self-recovery process, respectively.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein P is P, PD(SOC) and PCThe (SOC) determines the optimal value according to an adaptive control method, which is specifically described as follows:
(1) when the SOC is less than 0.45,
PD(SOC)＝0
(2) when the SOC is more than or equal to 0.45 and less than or equal to 0.55,
PD(SOC)＝PC(SOC)＝0
(3) when the SOC is greater than 0.55,
PC(SOC)＝0。
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Cited By (7)
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| CN113141017A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-20 | 福州大学 | Control method for energy storage system to participate in primary frequency modulation of power grid based on DDPG algorithm and SOC recovery |
| CN113452036A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-28 | 东北电力大学 | Energy storage auxiliary wind power primary frequency modulation control method based on dynamic task coefficient |
| CN113629739A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-11-09 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司 | Energy storage system control method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN113949135A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-01-18 | 燕山大学 | Energy storage SOC recovery control method |
| CN113964851A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-21 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Intelligent control system for energy storage participation in primary frequency modulation of thermal power generating unit |
| CN114188963A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-15 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Wind storage system and energy storage SOC (System on chip) homing method thereof |
| CN115133554A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-09-30 | 燕山大学 | Energy storage primary frequency modulation comprehensive control method based on double-layer constraint |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113141017A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-20 | 福州大学 | Control method for energy storage system to participate in primary frequency modulation of power grid based on DDPG algorithm and SOC recovery |
| CN113452036A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-28 | 东北电力大学 | Energy storage auxiliary wind power primary frequency modulation control method based on dynamic task coefficient |
| CN113629739A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-11-09 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司 | Energy storage system control method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN113964851A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-21 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Intelligent control system for energy storage participation in primary frequency modulation of thermal power generating unit |
| CN113949135A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-01-18 | 燕山大学 | Energy storage SOC recovery control method |
| CN113949135B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-09-22 | 燕山大学 | Energy storage SOC recovery control method |
| CN114188963A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-15 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Wind storage system and energy storage SOC (System on chip) homing method thereof |
| CN115133554A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-09-30 | 燕山大学 | Energy storage primary frequency modulation comprehensive control method based on double-layer constraint |
| CN115133554B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-08-15 | 燕山大学 | Energy storage primary frequency modulation comprehensive control method based on double-layer constraint |
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Application publication date: 20210312 |