CN112820902A - Zero gas discharge system applied to hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell - Google Patents
Zero gas discharge system applied to hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN112820902A CN112820902A CN202011619782.9A CN202011619782A CN112820902A CN 112820902 A CN112820902 A CN 112820902A CN 202011619782 A CN202011619782 A CN 202011619782A CN 112820902 A CN112820902 A CN 112820902A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and particularly discloses a zero gas discharge system applied to an oxyhydrogen fuel cell. The system comprises a fuel cell stack, a gas supply device and a buffer device, wherein: the fuel cell stack is used as a reaction site of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell; the gas supply device comprises a hydrogen gas supply unit and an oxygen gas supply unit, and is used for supplying hydrogen and oxygen to the fuel cell stack; one end of a hydrogen buffer tank in a hydrogen buffer unit of the buffer device is connected with an anode gas outlet, and the other end of the hydrogen buffer tank is connected with an anode gas inlet through a first electromagnetic valve; one end of an oxygen buffer tank in the oxygen buffer unit is connected with the cathode gas outlet, and the other end of the oxygen buffer tank is connected with the cathode gas inlet through a second electromagnetic valve. The invention utilizes the static buffer container comprising the hydrogen buffer tank and the oxygen buffer tank to replace dynamic circulation equipment, and forms pressure difference by switching gas supply of the gas supply unit and the buffer unit, discharges water in the fuel cell stack, and can effectively improve the long-time stable operation capability of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a zero gas discharge system applied to an oxyhydrogen fuel cell.
Background
The main advantages of fuel cells for underwater propulsion are: (1) the energy conversion efficiency and the specific energy are high, the fuel cell directly converts chemical energy into electric energy, other intermediate steps are omitted, the limit of Carnot cycle is avoided, the energy conversion efficiency is 2-3 times higher than that of a heat engine, and the specific energy of the propulsion system can be greatly improved by combining the oxyhydrogen energy with high energy density, so that the increase of the range of the unmanned underwater vehicle is facilitated. (2) The vibration noise is low, no moving part exists in the fuel cell, and combustion does not exist like a heat engine, so that the vibration noise is low, and the invisibility of the unmanned underwater vehicle is favorably improved. (3) The fuel cell product adopting pure hydrogen and pure oxygen only contains water, has no exhaust trail in the use process, is beneficial to improving concealment, is not influenced by exhaust back pressure under water, and adapts to large depth.
In underwater environments, long closed runs of fuel cells are required. However, during the long-term closing process of the electric pile, liquid water is continuously generated in the battery to accumulate, so that the battery is flooded, the performance and the service life of the battery are directly reduced, and the current density distribution, the material transportation and the carbon corrosion acceleration are influenced.
In the existing method, gas is circulated by equipment such as a circulating pump and the like to improve the gas utilization rate, but the problems of noise increase, power consumption increase and the like are caused; the inert gas is introduced to purge and remove liquid water in the electric pile through the shutdown of the electric pile, which can cause the problem of the delay of the operation pause of the fuel cell. CN111129545A discloses a hydrogen circulation system of a fuel cell for a vehicle and a control method thereof, in which a serpentine purge is used for water drainage, but tail hydrogen discharge is still required during operation, which results in fuel loss. CN108075154A discloses a method for starting and operating a hydrogen-air proton exchange membrane fuel cell under a non-humidifying condition, wherein humidification is not required, but the current density loading rate is required to be controlled; CN105633433B discloses a method of discharging water in a mobile body and a fuel cell system, in which only hydrogen gas is recovered by discharging a liquid component separated from exhaust gas by a circulation pump, but the use of a circulation pump increases power consumption required for auxiliary equipment, and the use of a gas-liquid separator for liquid-water separation increases equipment complexity.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above drawbacks and needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a zero gas discharge system for an oxyhydrogen fuel cell, wherein the system uses a static buffer container including a hydrogen buffer tank and an oxygen buffer tank instead of a dynamic circulation device, and discharges water from a fuel cell stack by forming a pressure difference by switching gas supply of a gas supply unit and the buffer unit, thereby effectively improving the ability of the fuel cell to stably operate for a long time.
To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a zero gas discharge system applied to a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, the system comprising a fuel cell stack, a gas supply device, and a buffer device, wherein:
the fuel cell stack is used as a reaction site of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell;
the gas supply device comprises a hydrogen gas supply unit and an oxygen gas supply unit, the hydrogen gas supply unit is connected with an anode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the oxygen gas supply unit is connected with a cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack and is respectively used for providing hydrogen and oxygen for the fuel cell stack;
the buffer device comprises a hydrogen buffer unit and an oxygen buffer unit, the hydrogen buffer unit comprises a hydrogen buffer tank and a first electromagnetic valve, one end of the hydrogen buffer tank is connected with an anode gas outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the other end of the hydrogen buffer tank is connected with an anode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack through the first electromagnetic valve; the oxygen buffer unit comprises an oxygen buffer tank and a second electromagnetic valve, one end of the oxygen buffer tank is connected with a cathode gas outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the other end of the oxygen buffer tank is connected with a cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack through the second electromagnetic valve; when the fuel cell stack works, the opening and closing of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are used for controlling the hydrogen buffer tank and the oxygen buffer tank to store or supply gas, so that pressure difference is formed to take out water in the fuel cell stack.
Preferably, the hydrogen supply unit comprises a hydrogen supply gas cylinder, a fourth electromagnetic valve and a first emergency exhaust valve which are sequentially connected along the gas flow direction, and the fourth electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the on-off of the hydrogen supply unit and exhausting the gas in the anode by using the first emergency exhaust valve during working; the oxygen gas supply unit comprises an oxygen gas supply cylinder, a fifth electromagnetic valve and a second emergency exhaust valve which are sequentially connected along the gas flowing direction, and the fifth electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the on-off of the oxygen gas supply unit and exhausting gas in the cathode by the second emergency exhaust valve during working.
Preferably, the zero-gas discharge system further comprises a purging device, wherein the purging device comprises a nitrogen gas supply cylinder and a third electromagnetic valve, the nitrogen gas supply cylinder is connected with an anode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack through the third electromagnetic valve, and is used for introducing nitrogen into the fuel cell stack and discharging the nitrogen through the first emergency exhaust valve so as to purge the fuel cell stack.
Further preferably, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are normally closed solenoid valves, and the fourth solenoid valve and the fifth solenoid valve are normally open solenoid valves.
As a further preferred option, the fuel cell stack is vertically arranged, and the bipolar plate is a parallel flow channel graphite plate.
As a further preference, the bottom of the hydrogen buffer tank and the oxygen buffer tank is provided with an emergency exhaust valve.
Further preferably, the hydrogen buffer tank and the oxygen buffer tank adopt acrylic cylinder walls with the pressure resistance of more than 2.5Mpa, and are sealed by a stainless steel top cover and a stainless steel bottom cover so as to observe the water quantity change in real time.
Preferably, the zero-gas discharge system further comprises a cooling device, the cooling device comprises a water tank, a circulating water pump and a heat exchanger which are sequentially connected along the liquid flowing direction, and the circulating water pump is used for driving cooling water in the water tank to circulate and exchange heat through the heat exchanger during operation.
As a further preferable mode, the zero gas discharge system further includes a monitoring device including a first pressure sensor, a first flow meter, a second pressure sensor, a second flow meter, a third pressure sensor, a fourth pressure sensor, a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, wherein the first pressure sensor and the first flow meter are provided between the fourth solenoid valve and the anode gas inlet for measuring the pressure and the flow rate of the hydrogen gas, respectively; the second pressure sensor and the second flowmeter are arranged between the fifth electromagnetic valve and the cathode gas inlet and are respectively used for measuring the pressure and the flow of the oxygen; the third pressure sensor is arranged between the hydrogen buffer tank and the first electromagnetic valve and used for measuring the pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank; the fourth pressure sensor is arranged between the oxygen buffer tank and the second electromagnetic valve and used for measuring the pressure of the oxygen buffer tank; the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the cooling water and are used for measuring the temperature of the cooling water.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention mainly has the following technical advantages:
1. the invention provides a zero gas discharge system applied to an oxyhydrogen fuel cell, which utilizes a static buffer container comprising a hydrogen buffer tank and an oxygen buffer tank to replace dynamic circulation equipment, forms pressure difference by switching gas supply of a gas supply unit and the buffer unit, discharges water in a fuel cell stack, and collects the water by utilizing the hydrogen buffer tank and the oxygen buffer tank, thereby realizing zero gas discharge, simultaneously having the functions of reducing noise and power consumption, improving the fuel utilization rate and removing liquid water, effectively improving the long-time stable operation capacity of the fuel cell, relieving the problem of water flooding of the fuel cell under closed operation, improving the cell performance and prolonging the service life of a proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell;
2. in addition, the buffer device is arranged, so that the fuel cell stack can be purged to remove impurity gas, and meanwhile, the load can be cut off and nitrogen purging can be performed when emergency situations occur, such as too low single-chip voltage, too high temperature of the stack or gas leakage, so that the safety of the system is ensured;
3. meanwhile, the structure of the hydrogen buffer tank and the oxygen buffer tank is optimized, so that the water quantity can be observed in real time and emergency release can be carried out, and the high safety of a zero-gas discharge system is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a zero gas vent system for a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:
1-a hydrogen gas supply cylinder, 2-a nitrogen gas supply cylinder, 3-a first pressure reducing valve, 4-a third electromagnetic valve, 5-a first pressure maintaining valve, 6-a first pressure sensor, 7-a fourth electromagnetic valve, 8-a first electromagnetic valve, 9-a first flowmeter, 10-a second temperature sensor, 11-a heat exchanger, 12-a circulating water pump, 13-a water tank, 14-a first temperature sensor, 15-a third pressure sensor, 16-a hydrogen buffer tank, 17-a first emergency exhaust valve, 18-an oxygen gas supply cylinder, 19-a second pressure reducing valve, 20-a second pressure maintaining valve, 21-a fifth electromagnetic valve, 22-a second pressure sensor, 23-a second electromagnetic valve, 24-a fuel cell stack, 25-an external load and 26-a fourth pressure sensor, 27-oxygen buffer tank, 28-second flow meter, 29-second emergency vent valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a zero gas discharge system applied to a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, the system including a fuel cell stack 24, a gas supply device, a buffer device, and a purge device, wherein:
the fuel cell stack 24, which serves as a reaction site of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, is connected to an external load 25 to supply electric power thereto;
the gas supply device comprises a hydrogen gas supply unit and an oxygen gas supply unit, the hydrogen gas supply unit is connected with an anode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack 24, and the oxygen gas supply unit is connected with a cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack 24 and is respectively used for supplying hydrogen and oxygen to the fuel cell stack 24; the hydrogen supply unit comprises a hydrogen supply gas cylinder 1, a first pressure reducing valve 3, a first pressure stabilizing valve 5, a fourth electromagnetic valve 7 and a first emergency exhaust valve 17 which are sequentially connected along the gas flowing direction, when the hydrogen supply unit works, high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen supply gas cylinder 1 is decompressed by the first pressure reducing valve 3 and the first pressure stabilizing valve 5, the on-off of the hydrogen supply unit is controlled by the fourth electromagnetic valve 7, and meanwhile, gas in the anode is exhausted by the first emergency exhaust valve 17; the oxygen supply unit comprises an oxygen supply gas cylinder 18, a second pressure reducing valve 19, a second pressure maintaining valve 20, a fifth electromagnetic valve 21 and a second emergency exhaust valve 29 which are sequentially connected along the gas flowing direction, when the oxygen supply unit works, high-pressure oxygen in the oxygen supply gas cylinder 18 is decompressed by the second pressure reducing valve 19 and the second pressure maintaining valve 20, the on-off of the oxygen supply unit is controlled by the fifth electromagnetic valve 21, and meanwhile, gas in a cathode is exhausted by the second emergency exhaust valve 29;
the buffer device comprises a hydrogen buffer unit and an oxygen buffer unit, the hydrogen buffer unit comprises a hydrogen buffer tank 16 and a first electromagnetic valve 8, one end of the hydrogen buffer tank 16 is connected with an anode gas outlet of the fuel cell stack 24, and the other end of the hydrogen buffer tank is connected with an anode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack 24 through the first electromagnetic valve 8; the oxygen buffer unit comprises an oxygen buffer tank 27 and a second electromagnetic valve 23, one end of the oxygen buffer tank 27 is connected with a cathode gas outlet of the fuel cell stack 24, and the other end of the oxygen buffer tank 27 is connected with a cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack through the second electromagnetic valve 23; during operation, the hydrogen buffer tank 16 and the oxygen buffer tank 27 are controlled to store or supply gas by opening and closing the first electromagnetic valve 8 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 to form a pressure difference to take out water in the fuel cell stack 24, excessive reaction gas at an anode gas outlet and an excessive reaction gas at a cathode gas outlet are recycled and stored by the hydrogen buffer tank 16 and the oxygen buffer tank 27 and are supplied to the fuel cell stack 24 for reaction utilization, high fuel utilization rate and low noise are realized during gas circulation, and meanwhile, the hydrogen buffer tank 16 and the oxygen buffer tank 27 are used as gas-liquid separators to collect water generated by reaction, so that no substance is discharged to the outside in the working process of the fuel cell stack, including generated water, hydrogen and oxygen, and zero gas discharge is realized;
the purging device comprises a nitrogen gas supply cylinder 2 and a third electromagnetic valve 4, wherein the nitrogen gas supply cylinder 2 is connected with an anode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack 24 through the third electromagnetic valve 4 and is used for introducing nitrogen into the fuel cell stack 24 and discharging the nitrogen through the first emergency exhaust valve 17 so as to purge the fuel cell stack 24.
Further, the first solenoid valve 8, the second solenoid valve 23, and the third solenoid valve 4 are normally closed solenoid valves, and the fourth solenoid valve 7 and the fifth solenoid valve 21 are normally open solenoid valves. The fuel cell stack 24 is vertically arranged, and the bipolar plate is a parallel flow passage graphite plate.
Further, the hydrogen buffer tank 16 and the oxygen buffer tank 27 are provided with emergency exhaust valves at the bottom, and 2-4 holes are opened for gas storage-supply, gas storage-supply or gas storage-gas supply, respectively. The hydrogen buffer tank 16 and the oxygen buffer tank 27 adopt acrylic cylinder walls with the pressure resistance of more than 2.5Mpa, and are sealed by a stainless steel top cover and a stainless steel bottom cover so as to observe the water quantity change in real time.
Further, zero gas discharge system still includes cooling device, and cooling device includes water tank 13, circulating water pump 12 and the heat exchanger 11 that connects gradually along the liquid flow direction, and the during operation utilizes circulating water pump 12 to drive the cooling water in water tank 13 and circulates to carry out the heat transfer through heat exchanger 11.
Further, the zero gas discharge system further includes a monitoring device including a first pressure sensor 6, a first flow meter 9, a second pressure sensor 22, a second flow meter 28, a third pressure sensor 15, a fourth pressure sensor 26, a first temperature sensor 14, and a second temperature sensor 10, wherein the first pressure sensor 6 and the first flow meter 9 are disposed between the fourth solenoid valve 7 and the anode gas inlet for measuring the pressure and the flow rate of the hydrogen gas, respectively; a second pressure sensor 22 and a second flow meter 28 are provided between the fifth solenoid valve 21 and the cathode gas inlet for measuring the pressure and flow rate of oxygen, respectively; the third pressure sensor 15 is disposed between the hydrogen buffer tank 16 and the first electromagnetic valve 8, and is used for measuring the pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank 16; a fourth pressure sensor 26 is provided between the oxygen buffer tank 27 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 for measuring the pressure of the oxygen buffer tank 27; the second temperature sensor 10 and the first temperature sensor 14 are provided at the inlet and outlet of the cooling water, respectively, for measuring the temperature of the cooling water.
The working process of the zero gas discharge system applied to the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell provided by the invention is as follows:
in the preparation stage, the monitoring device is electrified, the cooling device is started, the third electromagnetic valve 4 is opened to supply gas by using the nitrogen gas supply gas cylinder 2, the first emergency exhaust valve 17 is opened at the same time, the fuel cell stack 24 is purged, and the impurity gas is removed to protect the fuel cell stack 24 to stably operate;
after purging is finished, the third electromagnetic valve 4 and the first emergency exhaust valve 17 are closed, the fourth electromagnetic valve 7 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 21 are opened, the hydrogen gas supply cylinder 1 and the oxygen gas supply cylinder 18 are used for supplying gas for the fuel cell stack 24, no-load open-circuit operation is carried out, and whether data of the detection device are normal or not is observed;
the external load 25 is started for loading, if emergency conditions such as low single-chip voltage, high temperature of a galvanic pile or gas leakage occur in the loading process, the external load 25 is cut off immediately, the fourth electromagnetic valve 7 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 21 are closed, the first emergency exhaust valve 17 and the second emergency exhaust valve 29 are opened, and nitrogen purging is executed;
in the operation process, the fourth electromagnetic valve 7 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 21 are closed at regular time, the first electromagnetic valve 8 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are opened, and the hydrogen buffer tank 16 and the oxygen buffer tank 27 are used for ventilating the fuel cell stack 24; after the pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank 16 and the oxygen buffer tank 27 is reduced to a preset pressure, the first electromagnetic valve 8 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are closed, the fourth electromagnetic valve 7 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 21 are opened to supply gas by using the hydrogen gas supply cylinder 1 and the oxygen gas supply cylinder 18, water in the fuel cell stack 24 is discharged by a pressure difference, and gas-liquid separation is performed by the hydrogen buffer tank 16 and the oxygen buffer tank 27.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A zero gas discharge system for a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, comprising a fuel cell stack (24), a gas supply device, and a buffer device, wherein:
the fuel cell stack (24) serves as a reaction site for a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell;
the gas supply device comprises a hydrogen gas supply unit and an oxygen gas supply unit, the hydrogen gas supply unit is connected with an anode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack (24), and the oxygen gas supply unit is connected with a cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack (24) and is respectively used for providing hydrogen and oxygen for the fuel cell stack (24);
the buffer device comprises a hydrogen buffer unit and an oxygen buffer unit, the hydrogen buffer unit comprises a hydrogen buffer tank (16) and a first electromagnetic valve (8), one end of the hydrogen buffer tank (16) is connected with an anode gas outlet of the fuel cell stack (24), and the other end of the hydrogen buffer tank is connected with an anode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack (24) through the first electromagnetic valve (8); the oxygen buffer unit comprises an oxygen buffer tank (27) and a second electromagnetic valve (23), one end of the oxygen buffer tank (27) is connected with a cathode gas outlet of the fuel cell stack (24), and the other end of the oxygen buffer tank is connected with a cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack through the second electromagnetic valve (23); when the fuel cell stack works, the opening and closing of the first electromagnetic valve (8) and the second electromagnetic valve (23) are utilized to control the hydrogen buffer tank (16) and the oxygen buffer tank (27) to store or supply gas, so that pressure difference is formed to take out water in the fuel cell stack (24).
2. The zero gas discharge system for hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen gas supply unit comprises a hydrogen gas supply cylinder (1), a fourth solenoid valve (7) and a first emergency exhaust valve (17) which are connected in sequence along the gas flow direction, and when in operation, the fourth solenoid valve (7) is used for controlling the on-off of the hydrogen gas supply unit, and the first emergency exhaust valve (17) is used for exhausting the gas in the anode; the oxygen gas supply unit comprises an oxygen gas supply cylinder (18), a fifth electromagnetic valve (21) and a second emergency exhaust valve (29) which are sequentially connected along the gas flowing direction, and the oxygen gas supply unit is controlled by the fifth electromagnetic valve (21) during working and is used for emptying gas in the cathode through the second emergency exhaust valve (29).
3. The zero gas discharge system for hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a purging device comprising a nitrogen gas supply cylinder (2) and a third solenoid valve (4), said nitrogen gas supply cylinder (2) being connected to the anode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack (24) through the third solenoid valve (4) for feeding nitrogen gas to the fuel cell stack (24) and discharging it through the first emergency exhaust valve (17) to purge the fuel cell stack (24).
4. The zero gas discharge system for hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first solenoid valve (8), the second solenoid valve (23) and the third solenoid valve (4) are normally closed solenoid valves, and the fourth solenoid valve (7) and the fifth solenoid valve (21) are normally open solenoid valves.
5. The zero-gas discharge system for hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells according to claim 3, wherein the fuel cell stack (24) is vertically arranged and the bipolar plates are parallel flow-channel graphite plates.
6. The zero gas discharge system for hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells as claimed in claim 3, wherein the bottoms of the hydrogen buffer tank (16) and the oxygen buffer tank (27) are provided with emergency vent valves.
7. The zero gas discharge system for hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells according to claim 3, wherein the hydrogen buffer tank (16) and the oxygen buffer tank (27) are made of acrylic walls having a pressure resistance of 2.5MPa or more and are sealed with stainless steel top and bottom covers to observe the change of water amount in real time.
8. The zero gas discharge system applied to the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell of any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the zero gas discharge system further comprises a cooling device, the cooling device comprises a water tank (13), a circulating water pump (12) and a heat exchanger (11) which are connected in sequence along the liquid flow direction, and when the zero gas discharge system is in operation, the circulating water pump (12) is used for driving cooling water in the water tank (13) to circulate, and heat exchange is carried out through the heat exchanger (11).
9. The zero gas discharge system applied to a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell according to claim 8, further comprising a monitoring device including a first pressure sensor (6), a first flow meter (9), a second pressure sensor (22), a second flow meter (28), a third pressure sensor (15), a fourth pressure sensor (26), a first temperature sensor (14) and a second temperature sensor (10), wherein the first pressure sensor (6) and the first flow meter (9) are disposed between the fourth solenoid valve (7) and the anode gas inlet for measuring the pressure and the flow rate of hydrogen gas, respectively; the second pressure sensor (22) and the second flow meter (28) are arranged between the fifth electromagnetic valve (21) and the cathode gas inlet and are used for measuring the pressure and the flow of the oxygen respectively; the third pressure sensor (15) is arranged between the hydrogen buffer tank (16) and the first electromagnetic valve (8) and is used for measuring the pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank (16); the fourth pressure sensor (26) is arranged between the oxygen buffer tank (27) and the second electromagnetic valve (23) and is used for measuring the pressure of the oxygen buffer tank (27); the first temperature sensor (14) and the second temperature sensor (10) are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the cooling water and used for measuring the temperature of the cooling water.
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| CN202011619782.9A CN112820902B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Zero gas discharge system applied to hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell |
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| CN202011619782.9A CN112820902B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Zero gas discharge system applied to hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell |
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| CN112820902B CN112820902B (en) | 2022-04-29 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113629275A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-09 | 华中科技大学 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell double-ejector circulating system |
| CN114420974A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-29 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | External hydrogen supply system for fuel cell vehicle |
| CN117154153A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-12-01 | 江苏核电有限公司 | Backup system of hydrogen energy fuel cell and application method thereof |
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