CN111244504A - Fuel cell stack activation device - Google Patents

Fuel cell stack activation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111244504A
CN111244504A CN202010205498.0A CN202010205498A CN111244504A CN 111244504 A CN111244504 A CN 111244504A CN 202010205498 A CN202010205498 A CN 202010205498A CN 111244504 A CN111244504 A CN 111244504A
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management unit
fuel cell
cell stack
hydrogen
air
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谭明波
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/008—Disposal or recycling of fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04701—Temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

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  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell stack activation device.A hydrogen management unit is connected with a controller through a second multi-channel AD conversion module; the input end of the nitrogen purging unit is connected with the output end of the controller; the output end of the thermal management unit is connected with the input end of the controller through a third multi-channel AD conversion module; the output end of the air management unit is connected with the air input end of the controller through a multi-channel AD conversion module IV; the electric energy management unit is connected with the safety management unit through the fuel cell stack, the output end of the electric energy management unit is connected with the input end of the controller through the first multi-channel AD conversion module, and the input end of the electric energy management unit is connected with the output end of the controller; the input end of the safety management unit is connected with the safety output end of the controller; the invention can ensure that the fuel cell stack is at proper temperature and pressure in the reaction process, adopts the modular design, and has the advantages of strong operability, high automation degree and the like.

Description

Fuel cell stack activation device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell stack activation device.
Background
Fuel cells generate electrical energy by electrochemically reacting hydrogen gas at the anode and oxygen gas at the cathode on both sides of the membrane within the fuel cell.
However, in the actual use process, after the fuel cell stack is produced or is put for a long time, the fuel cell stack needs to be manually activated to reflect the performance of the fuel cell, and whether the fuel cell stack meets the application requirements needs to be checked and judged through the activation process, so that the operation is complex, the manual operation efficiency is low, and mistakes are easily made.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a fuel cell stack activation apparatus, which has a modular design, high operability, and high automation.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
a fuel cell stack activation device comprising: the system comprises a hydrogen management unit, a nitrogen purging unit, a thermal management unit, an air management unit, an electric energy management unit, a safety management unit, a controller, a data storage unit and a human-computer interaction unit; the output end of the hydrogen management unit is connected with the hydrogen input end of the controller through a second multi-channel AD conversion module, and the input end of the hydrogen management unit is connected with the hydrogen output end of the controller; the input end of the nitrogen purging unit is connected with the nitrogen output end of the controller; the output end of the thermal management unit is connected with the thermal management input end of the controller through a third multi-channel AD conversion module, and the input end of the thermal management unit is connected with the thermal management input end of the controller; the output end of the air management unit is connected with the air input end of the controller through a multi-channel AD conversion module IV, and the input end of the air management unit is connected with the air output end of the controller; the electric energy management unit is connected with the safety management unit through a fuel cell stack, the output end of the electric energy management unit is connected with the power supply input end of the controller through a first multi-channel AD conversion module, and the input end of the electric energy management unit is connected with the power supply output end of the controller; the input end of the safety management unit is connected with the safety output end of the controller; the data storage unit and the man-machine interaction unit are respectively interconnected with the controller. The controller receives signals of the man-machine interaction unit, executes a preset program and a preset control strategy of the data storage unit, controls execution devices of the hydrogen management unit, the air management unit, the heat management unit, the electric energy management unit and the safety management unit to perform corresponding actions, so that loading and unloading of the fuel cell stack are performed, hydrogen and air required by reaction of the fuel cell stack are transmitted, and the fuel cell stack is ensured to be at proper temperature and pressure in the reaction process.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the hydrogen management unit comprises a hydrogen inlet connected to the anode of the fuel cell stack via a pressure controller PH, a hydrogen flow meter FMH, a check valve Z1, a hydrogen-side heat exchanger, and a pressure sensor PH, and a hydrogen outlet connected to the output of the hydrogen-side heat exchanger via a hydrogen backflow device and a check valve Z2; the hydrogen outlet end of the fuel cell stack anode is also connected with a steam-water separation tank in the air management unit through a control valve DV 1. The hydrogen management unit is used for transmitting hydrogen required by the fuel cell stack to be loaded or unloaded according to requirements, recording the real-time flow and the accumulated using flow of the hydrogen through a hydrogen flow meter FMH, ensuring that the hydrogen channel of the fuel cell stack is at proper pressure through a pressure sensor PH and a pressure controller PH, introducing residual hydrogen after the reaction of the fuel cell stack into a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack through a hydrogen backflow device, installing a control valve DV1 at the lowest position of a hydrogen outlet and taking charge of regularly discharging inert gas and liquid water accumulated at the outlet of the fuel cell stack, and introducing the discharged gas into a steam-water separation tank in the air management unit through a pipeline to dilute the hydrogen content and separate the liquid water;
in some embodiments of the invention, a fuel cell stack activation device, the nitrogen purge unit comprises a hydrogen side heat exchanger to which nitrogen is coupled via a control valve DV2 check valve Z3 into the hydrogen management unit, and a fuel cell stack cooling channel to which nitrogen is coupled via a control valve DV3 check valve Z4 into the thermal management unit. The purpose that sets up like this lies in, nitrogen gas sweeps the unit and can begin or activate the back after accomplishing at fuel cell pile activation, sweeps remaining hydrogen in device pipeline and the fuel cell pile through nitrogen gas, and the time of sweeping can be set for through man-machine interaction unit, and can sweep the water in the fuel cell pile when needing, makes the hydroenergy enough evacuation to avoid freezing when the temperature is low and damage the fuel cell pile.
In some embodiments of the invention, the thermal management unit comprises deionized water which is connected into a cooling inlet end of a cooling channel of the fuel cell stack through a control valve DV4, a check valve Z5, a water tank, a circulating water pump and a temperature sensor TT1, and a cooling outlet end of the cooling channel of the fuel cell stack is connected into the water tank through an air side heat exchanger in the air management unit, a hydrogen side heat exchanger in the hydrogen management unit and a radiator. The purpose that sets up like this is that, thermal management unit can ensure that the fuel cell galvanic pile is in suitable temperature at the operation in-process, and the liquid water of reaction production in the water tank or the deionized water of automatic supply get into the fuel cell galvanic pile behind circulating water pump, take away the heat that the fuel cell galvanic pile reaction produced, and the hot water that comes out from the fuel cell galvanic pile carries out the heat exchange through hydrogen and the air with getting into the fuel cell galvanic pile, and the case is intake in the backward flow behind the rethread radiator. The heat exchange is performed by the hydrogen-side heat exchanger, the air-side heat exchanger, and the radiator. The heat dissipation mode of the radiator comprises water cooling and air cooling, a control valve DV5 for draining water is arranged on the water storage tank, the control valve DV5 is used for automatically draining water when the liquid level is high or the conductivity exceeds the standard, a control valve DV4 for replenishing water is used for automatically opening the control valve DV4 to replenish water when the liquid level is detected to be low, a first liquid level sensor and a conductivity sensor CT1 are used for detecting the water quality condition, and the control valve DV4 for replenishing water and the control valve DV5 for draining water are controlled to change water when the water quality is poor.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the air management unit comprises an air inlet end for air to be connected to the cathode of the fuel cell stack through a pressure controller PAIR, an air flow meter FMAIR, a check valve Z6, an air side heat exchanger and an air humidifier, and an air outlet end for the cathode of the fuel cell stack is connected to a water tank in the heat management unit through the air humidifier, a steam-water separation tank and a control valve DV 6. The air management unit can transmit air required by loading and unloading of the fuel cell stack as required, the air flow meter FMAIR records real-time flow of the air, and the pressure sensor PT2 and the pressure controller PAIR ensure that air which is at proper pressure and does not participate in reaction in an air channel of the fuel cell stack is discharged and then humidifies the air entering the fuel cell stack through the air humidifier. The tail gas of air gets into the catch water jar, dilutes hydrogen and separates liquid water, has level sensor two and the control valve DV6 that is used for the drainage on the catch water jar, when level sensor two detects the liquid level height, can discharge the water tank of water management return circuit with water is automatic.
In some embodiments of the invention, a fuel cell stack activation device includes an electrical load coupled to a fuel cell stack via a current sensor and a voltage sensor. The purpose that sets up like this is that, the electric energy management unit can load the deloading to the fuel cell pile, consumes the electric energy that fuel cell pile hydrogen and air reaction produced to gather real-time voltage, current signal through voltage sensor and current sensor, through the electric energy of electronic load consumption, the size of electronic load controllable voltage or electric current, thereby realize that the installation is given the requirement and load and deloading. The fuel cell stack activation device also comprises a power supply unit which supplies power required by all the electric equipment
In some embodiments of the present invention, the safety management unit includes a multi-channel cell scanning module connected to the fuel cell stack, and is further provided with an explosion-proof exhaust fan, a hydrogen concentration detector, and an air volume sensor. The safety management unit can detect safety information in a fuel cell stack and a device area and execute a safety guarantee strategy, the multi-channel single cell scanning module of the fuel cell stack is responsible for acquiring the voltage of each cell in real time, the acquired voltage is transmitted to the high-speed multi-channel AD converter after photoelectric isolation, the conversion precision is not lower than 12 bits, the converted data is transmitted to the controller, the controller calculates the average single-cell voltage, the minimum single-cell voltage and the maximum single-cell voltage, the average single-cell voltage, the minimum single-cell voltage and the maximum single-cell voltage are compared with safety limits received by the controller, when the threshold is exceeded, an emergency shutdown signal is transmitted to each unit, and the controller can transmit the voltages of all the single-cell cells and the calculation results to the human-computer interaction. The hydrogen concentration detector has been arranged to equipment region top, takes the exhaust pipe and the air sensor of explosion-proof air exhauster, when hydrogen concentration detector detected that there is hydrogen to reveal, can give the controller with signal transmission, by each unit emergency shutdown of controller control to send alarm information to the man-machine interaction unit. The explosion-proof exhaust fan can be opened in the whole course in the equipment activation process to take out the hydrogen that probably reveals fast, ensure regional safety, when the air quantity sensor detects the amount of wind and can not reach the requirement, can transmit the signal to the controller, each unit of controller control is shut down, and indicates to man-machine interaction unit.
Further, the controller can collect the state information and safety information of the fuel cell stack and the test board in real time, the temperature sensor TT1-TT2, the air flow meter FMAIR, the voltage sensor PT1-PT2, the hydrogen flow meter FMH, the current sensor, the liquid level sensor I, the liquid level sensor II, the hydrogen concentration detector and the air volume sensor send analog signals to the high-speed AD converter, the information is sent to the controller after conversion, the controller carries out corresponding calculation after collecting the signals, and the calculation result is sent to the man-machine interaction unit to be displayed.
Further, the controller controls each executing device of the hydrogen management unit, the air management unit, the heat management unit, the electric energy management unit and the safety management unit to perform corresponding actions through a preset program and a preset control strategy and after receiving commands of the human-computer interaction unit and collected sensor state information, so that loading and unloading of the fuel cell stack are performed, hydrogen and air required by the reaction of the fuel cell stack are transmitted, and the fuel cell stack is ensured to be at proper temperature and pressure in the reaction process.
In some embodiments of the invention, the man-machine interaction unit comprises information of the activated fuel cell stack, such as the model number, serial number, maximum current, rated power and peak power of the fuel cell stack, minimum voltage of the fuel cell stack, average minimum voltage of single cells, maximum voltage difference between the single cells, maximum pressure of hydrogen/air/water circuit operation of the stack, operating temperature range of the stack, procedures of loading and unloading the stack, passing activation criteria and failure activation criteria. The activation passing standard comprises that the voltage difference of the single cell at a rated power point is not more than 10mV after two times of activation, and the activation failure standard comprises that the electric pile is activated for 5 times, or the activation passing standard is not reached or the activation cannot be continued due to non-negligible safety hazard in the electric pile activation process.
Furthermore, all data collected by the controller and event record information of the man-machine delivery process and the like are stored in the data storage unit, after each test is completed or a command of the man-machine interaction unit is received, the controller reads corresponding data from the data storage unit, analyzes and processes the data and provides the data to the man-machine interaction unit, and the man-machine interaction unit forms an activation report according to information of a fuel cell stack to be activated, which is input by a client, and a preset format.
In some embodiments of the invention, a fuel cell stack activation device, a water tank in the thermal management unit is equipped with a first liquid level sensor and a CT1 conductivity sensor.
In some embodiments of the invention, a fuel cell stack activation device, a steam-water separation tank in the air management unit is provided with a second liquid level sensor.
The embodiment of the invention at least has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
the controller receives signals of the man-machine interaction unit, executes a preset program and a preset control strategy of the data storage unit, controls execution devices of the hydrogen management unit, the air management unit, the heat management unit, the electric energy management unit and the safety management unit to perform corresponding actions, so that loading and unloading of the fuel cell stack are performed, hydrogen and air required by reaction of the fuel cell stack are transmitted, and the fuel cell stack is ensured to be at proper temperature and pressure in the reaction process. The device adopts the modularized design, and has strong operability and high automation degree.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of an activation apparatus for a fuel cell stack according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a hydrogen management unit in an embodiment of a fuel cell stack activation apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a nitrogen purge unit in an embodiment of a fuel cell stack activation apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a thermal management unit in an embodiment of a fuel cell stack activation apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of an air management unit in an embodiment of the activation device for a fuel cell stack according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the power management unit and the safety management unit in an embodiment of the activation device for a fuel cell stack according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are usually placed in when used, the orientations or positional relationships are only used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but the terms do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operate, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not require that the components be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" represents at least 2.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, an activation apparatus for a fuel cell stack includes: the system comprises a hydrogen management unit, a nitrogen purging unit, a thermal management unit, an air management unit, an electric energy management unit, a safety management unit, a controller, a data storage unit and a human-computer interaction unit; the output end of the hydrogen management unit is connected with the hydrogen input end of the controller through a second multi-channel AD conversion module, and the input end of the hydrogen management unit is connected with the hydrogen output end of the controller; the input end of the nitrogen purging unit is connected with the nitrogen output end of the controller; the output end of the thermal management unit is connected with the thermal management input end of the controller through a third multi-channel AD conversion module, and the input end of the thermal management unit is connected with the thermal management input end of the controller; the output end of the air management unit is connected with the air input end of the controller through a multi-channel AD conversion module IV, and the input end of the air management unit is connected with the air output end of the controller; the electric energy management unit is connected with the safety management unit through a fuel cell stack, the output end of the electric energy management unit is connected with the power supply input end of the controller through a first multi-channel AD conversion module, and the input end of the electric energy management unit is connected with the power supply output end of the controller; the input end of the safety management unit is connected with the safety output end of the controller; the data storage unit and the man-machine interaction unit are respectively interconnected with the controller. The controller receives signals of the man-machine interaction unit, executes a preset program and a preset control strategy of the data storage unit, controls execution devices of the hydrogen management unit, the air management unit, the heat management unit, the electric energy management unit and the safety management unit to perform corresponding actions, so that loading and unloading of the fuel cell stack are performed, hydrogen and air required by reaction of the fuel cell stack are transmitted, and the fuel cell stack is ensured to be at proper temperature and pressure in the reaction process.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments of the present invention, a fuel cell stack activation apparatus includes a hydrogen management unit, a pressure controller PH, a hydrogen flow meter FMH, a check valve Z1, a hydrogen side heat exchanger, and a pressure sensor PH, wherein hydrogen is connected to a hydrogen inlet of an anode of the fuel cell stack, and a hydrogen outlet of the anode of the fuel cell stack is connected to an output of the hydrogen side heat exchanger through a hydrogen backflow device and a check valve Z2; the hydrogen outlet end of the fuel cell stack anode is also connected with a steam-water separation tank in the air management unit through a control valve DV 1. The hydrogen management unit is used for transmitting hydrogen required by the fuel cell stack to be loaded or unloaded according to requirements, recording the real-time flow and the accumulated using flow of the hydrogen through a hydrogen flow meter FMH, ensuring that the hydrogen channel of the fuel cell stack is at proper pressure through a pressure sensor PH and a pressure controller PH, introducing residual hydrogen after the reaction of the fuel cell stack into a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack through a hydrogen backflow device, installing a control valve DV1 at the lowest position of a hydrogen outlet and taking charge of regularly discharging inert gas and liquid water accumulated at the outlet of the fuel cell stack, and introducing the discharged gas into a steam-water separation tank in the air management unit through a pipeline to dilute the hydrogen content and separate the liquid water;
referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments of the present invention, the nitrogen purge unit includes a hydrogen side heat exchanger in which nitrogen is introduced into the hydrogen management unit through a control valve DV2 and a check valve Z3, and a fuel cell stack cooling channel in the hydrogen management unit through a control valve DV3 and a check valve Z4. The purpose that sets up like this lies in, nitrogen gas sweeps the unit and can begin or activate the back after accomplishing at fuel cell pile activation, sweeps remaining hydrogen in device pipeline and the fuel cell pile through nitrogen gas, and the time of sweeping can be set for through man-machine interaction unit, and can sweep the water in the fuel cell pile when needing, makes the hydroenergy enough evacuation to avoid freezing when the temperature is low and damage the fuel cell pile.
Referring to fig. 4, in some embodiments of the present invention, the thermal management unit includes a cooling inlet end of the fuel cell stack cooling channel connected to the deionized water via a control valve DV4, a check valve Z5, a water tank, a circulating water pump, and a temperature sensor TT1, and a cooling outlet end of the fuel cell stack cooling channel connected to the water tank via an air-side heat exchanger in the air management unit, a hydrogen-side heat exchanger in the hydrogen management unit, and a radiator. The arrangement is that the thermal management unit can ensure that the fuel cell stack is at a proper temperature in the operation process, liquid water produced by reaction in the water tank or automatically supplied deionized water enters the fuel cell stack after passing through the circulating water pump to take away heat generated by the reaction of the fuel cell stack, hot water discharged from the fuel cell stack exchanges heat with hydrogen and air entering the fuel cell stack, the heat exchange is carried out through the air-side heat exchanger and then flows back into the water storage tank after passing through the radiator, the radiating mode of the radiator comprises water cooling and air cooling, the water storage tank is provided with a control valve DV5 for draining water, the control valve DV5 is used for automatically draining water when the liquid level is high or the conductivity exceeds the standard, the control valve DV4 for replenishing water is used for automatically opening the control valve DV4 to replenish water when the liquid level is low, and the liquid level sensor CT1 is used for detecting the water quality, when the water quality is poor, the control valve DV4 for water supplement and the control valve DV5 for water drainage are controlled to change water.
Referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments of the present invention, an air management unit includes an air inlet end through which air is introduced into a cathode of a fuel cell stack through a pressure controller PAIR, an air flow meter FMAIR, a check valve Z6, an air side heat exchanger, and an air humidifier, and an air outlet end through which air is introduced into a water tank in the heat management unit through the air humidifier, a steam-water separation tank, and a control valve DV 6. The air management unit can transmit air required by loading and unloading of the fuel cell stack as required, the air flow meter FMAIR records real-time flow of the air, and the pressure sensor PT2 and the pressure controller PAIR ensure that air which is at proper pressure and does not participate in reaction in an air channel of the fuel cell stack is discharged and then humidifies the air entering the fuel cell stack through the air humidifier. The tail gas of air gets into the catch water jar, dilutes hydrogen and separates liquid water, has level sensor two and the control valve DV6 that is used for the drainage on the catch water jar, when level sensor two detects the liquid level height, can discharge the water tank of water management return circuit with water is automatic.
Referring to fig. 6, in some embodiments of the present invention, an apparatus for activating a fuel cell stack includes an electrical load connected to the fuel cell stack via a current sensor and a voltage sensor. The purpose that sets up like this is that, the electric energy management unit can load the deloading to the fuel cell pile, consumes the electric energy that fuel cell pile hydrogen and air reaction produced to gather real-time voltage, current signal through voltage sensor and current sensor, through the electric energy of electronic load consumption, the size of electronic load controllable voltage or electric current, thereby realize that the installation is given the requirement and load and deloading. The fuel cell stack activation device also comprises a power supply unit which supplies power required by all the electric equipment
Referring to fig. 6, in some embodiments of the present invention, a fuel cell stack activation apparatus includes a safety management unit, wherein the safety management unit includes a fuel cell stack multichannel cell scanning module connected to the fuel cell stack, and the safety management unit is further provided with an explosion-proof exhaust fan, a hydrogen concentration detector, and an air volume sensor. The safety management unit can detect safety information in a fuel cell stack and a device area and execute a safety guarantee strategy, the multi-channel single cell scanning module of the fuel cell stack is responsible for acquiring the voltage of each cell in real time, the acquired voltage is transmitted to the high-speed multi-channel AD converter after photoelectric isolation, the conversion precision is not lower than 12 bits, the converted data is transmitted to the controller, the controller calculates the average single-cell voltage, the minimum single-cell voltage and the maximum single-cell voltage, the average single-cell voltage, the minimum single-cell voltage and the maximum single-cell voltage are compared with safety limits received by the controller, when the threshold is exceeded, an emergency shutdown signal is transmitted to each unit, and the controller can transmit the voltages of all the single-cell cells and the calculation results to the human-computer interaction. The hydrogen concentration detector has been arranged to equipment region top, takes the exhaust pipe and the air sensor of explosion-proof air exhauster, when hydrogen concentration detector detected that there is hydrogen to reveal, can give the controller with signal transmission, by each unit emergency shutdown of controller control to send alarm information to the man-machine interaction unit. The explosion-proof exhaust fan can be opened in the whole course in the equipment activation process to take out the hydrogen that probably reveals fast, ensure regional safety, when the air quantity sensor detects the amount of wind and can not reach the requirement, can transmit the signal to the controller, each unit of controller control is shut down, and indicates to man-machine interaction unit.
Further, the controller can acquire the state information and the safety information of the fuel cell stack and the test board in real time; the pressure sensor PT1-PT2, the temperature sensor TT1-TT2, the hydrogen flowmeter FMH, the air flowmeter FMAIR, the voltage sensor, the current sensor, the liquid level sensor I, the liquid level sensor II, the hydrogen concentration detector and the air volume sensor send analog signals to the high-speed AD converter, information is sent to the controller after conversion, corresponding calculation is carried out after the controller collects the signals, and the calculation result is sent to the man-machine interaction unit to be displayed.
Further, the controller controls each executing device of the hydrogen management unit, the air management unit, the heat management unit, the electric energy management unit and the safety management unit to perform corresponding actions through a preset program and a preset control strategy and after receiving commands of the human-computer interaction unit and collected sensor state information, so that loading and unloading of the fuel cell stack are performed, hydrogen and air required by the reaction of the fuel cell stack are transmitted, and the fuel cell stack is ensured to be at proper temperature and pressure in the reaction process.
In some embodiments of the invention, the man-machine interaction unit comprises information of the activated fuel cell stack, such as the model number, serial number, maximum current, rated power and peak power of the fuel cell stack, minimum voltage of the fuel cell stack, average minimum voltage of single cells, maximum voltage difference between the single cells, maximum pressure of hydrogen/air/water circuit operation of the stack, operating temperature range of the stack, procedures of loading and unloading the stack, passing activation criteria and failure activation criteria. The activation passing standard comprises that the voltage difference of the single cell at a rated power point is not more than 10mV after two times of activation, and the activation failure standard comprises that the electric pile is activated for 5 times, or the activation passing standard is not reached or the activation cannot be continued due to non-negligible safety hazard in the electric pile activation process.
Furthermore, all data collected by the controller and event record information of the man-machine delivery process and the like are stored in the data storage unit, after each test is completed or a command of the man-machine interaction unit is received, the controller reads corresponding data from the data storage unit, analyzes and processes the data and provides the data to the man-machine interaction unit, and the man-machine interaction unit forms an activation report according to information of a fuel cell stack to be activated, which is input by a client, and a preset format.
In some embodiments of the invention, a fuel cell stack activation device, a water tank in the thermal management unit is equipped with a first liquid level sensor and a CT1 conductivity sensor.
In some embodiments of the invention, a fuel cell stack activation device, a steam-water separation tank in the air management unit is provided with a second liquid level sensor.
In summary, embodiments of the present invention provide a fuel cell stack activation apparatus, where a controller receives a signal from a human-computer interaction unit, executes a preset program and a preset control strategy of a data storage unit, and controls each execution device of a hydrogen management unit, an air management unit, a thermal management unit, an electric energy management unit, and a safety management unit to perform corresponding actions, so as to load and unload a fuel cell stack, and transmit hydrogen and air required by a reaction of the fuel cell stack, thereby ensuring that the fuel cell stack is at an appropriate temperature and pressure during the reaction. The device adopts the modularized design, and has strong operability and high automation degree.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A fuel cell stack activation device, comprising: the system comprises a hydrogen management unit, a nitrogen purging unit, a thermal management unit, an air management unit, an electric energy management unit, a safety management unit, a controller, a data storage unit and a human-computer interaction unit;
the output end of the hydrogen management unit is connected with the hydrogen input end of the controller through a second multi-channel AD conversion module, and the input end of the hydrogen management unit is connected with the hydrogen output end of the controller; the input end of the nitrogen purging unit is connected with the nitrogen output end of the controller; the output end of the thermal management unit is connected with the thermal management input end of the controller through a third multi-channel AD conversion module, and the input end of the thermal management unit is connected with the thermal management input end of the controller; the output end of the air management unit is connected with the air input end of the controller through a multi-channel AD conversion module IV, and the input end of the air management unit is connected with the air output end of the controller; the electric energy management unit is connected with the safety management unit through a fuel cell stack, the output end of the electric energy management unit is connected with the power supply input end of the controller through a first multi-channel AD conversion module, and the input end of the electric energy management unit is connected with the power supply output end of the controller; the input end of the safety management unit is connected with the safety output end of the controller; the data storage unit and the man-machine interaction unit are respectively interconnected with the controller.
2. The activation device for fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen management unit comprises a hydrogen inlet connected to the hydrogen inlet of the anode of the fuel cell stack via a pressure controller PH, a hydrogen flow meter FMH, a check valve Z1, a hydrogen side heat exchanger and a pressure sensor PH, and the hydrogen outlet of the anode of the fuel cell stack is connected to the output of the hydrogen side heat exchanger via a hydrogen return device and a check valve Z2; the hydrogen outlet end of the fuel cell stack anode is also connected with a steam-water separation tank in the air management unit through a control valve DV 1.
3. The fuel cell stack activation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen purge unit comprises a hydrogen-side heat exchanger in which nitrogen is introduced into the hydrogen management unit through a control valve DV2 check valve Z3, and a fuel cell stack cooling channel in the heat management unit through a control valve DV3 check valve Z4.
4. The fuel cell stack activation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermal management unit comprises a cooling inlet end of the fuel cell stack cooling channel connected with deionized water through a control valve DV4, a check valve Z5, a water tank, a circulating water pump and a temperature sensor TT1, and a cooling outlet end of the fuel cell stack cooling channel is connected with the water tank through an air side heat exchanger in the air management unit, a hydrogen side heat exchanger in the hydrogen management unit and a radiator.
5. The fuel cell stack activation device according to claim 1, wherein the air management unit comprises an air inlet end for air to be connected to the cathode of the fuel cell stack through a pressure controller PAIR, an air flow meter FMAIR, a check valve Z6, an air side heat exchanger and an air humidifier, and an air outlet end for the cathode of the fuel cell stack is connected to a water tank in the heat management unit through the air humidifier, a steam-water separation tank and a control valve DV 6.
6. The fuel cell stack activation device of claim 1, wherein the power management unit comprises an electronic load coupled to the fuel cell stack via a current sensor and a voltage sensor.
7. The fuel cell stack activation device according to claim 1, wherein the safety management unit comprises a fuel cell stack multichannel single cell scanning module connected with the fuel cell stack, and the safety management unit is further provided with an explosion-proof exhaust fan, a hydrogen concentration detector and an air volume sensor.
8. The fuel cell stack activation device according to claim 1, wherein the water tank in the thermal management unit is equipped with a first liquid level sensor and a conductivity sensor CT 1.
9. The fuel cell stack activation device according to claim 1, wherein a second liquid level sensor is provided in the steam-water separation tank of the air management unit.
CN202010205498.0A 2020-03-23 2020-03-23 Fuel cell stack activation device Pending CN111244504A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111785995A (en) * 2020-06-16 2020-10-16 广东国鸿氢能科技有限公司 Purging pipeline system for water guide bipolar plate fuel cell
CN111916798A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-11-10 大连锐格新能源科技有限公司 Multi-channel management method for electric pile activation
CN112820902A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-18 华中科技大学 Zero gas discharge system applied to hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell
CN115966732A (en) * 2023-01-18 2023-04-14 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 Fuel cell power system and output power control method thereof

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111785995A (en) * 2020-06-16 2020-10-16 广东国鸿氢能科技有限公司 Purging pipeline system for water guide bipolar plate fuel cell
CN111916798A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-11-10 大连锐格新能源科技有限公司 Multi-channel management method for electric pile activation
CN112820902A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-18 华中科技大学 Zero gas discharge system applied to hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell
CN115966732A (en) * 2023-01-18 2023-04-14 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 Fuel cell power system and output power control method thereof
CN115966732B (en) * 2023-01-18 2024-05-10 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 Fuel cell power system and output power control method thereof

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