CN103413957A - Fuel cell system - Google Patents
Fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103413957A CN103413957A CN2013103763240A CN201310376324A CN103413957A CN 103413957 A CN103413957 A CN 103413957A CN 2013103763240 A CN2013103763240 A CN 2013103763240A CN 201310376324 A CN201310376324 A CN 201310376324A CN 103413957 A CN103413957 A CN 103413957A
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- reaction gas
- communicated
- buffer unit
- cell system
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack and at least two groups of reaction gas supply devices, wherein the at least two groups of reaction gas supply devices are arranged separately; the fuel cell stack is provided with gas inlets which are communicated with the at least two groups of reaction gas supply devices in a one-to-one correspondence manner; each group of reaction gas supply devices comprises a gas inlet pipeline, a gas supply source and buffer parts; a first end of the gas inlet pipeline is communicated with a gas inlet; the gas supply source is communicated with a second end of the gas inlet pipeline; the buffer parts are communicated with the gas inlet pipeline. Since the buffer parts are arranged, a part of reaction gas which is introduced into the gas inlet pipeline from the gas supply source is introduced into the fuel cell stack from the gas inlet to participate in reaction, and the other part of the reaction gas is stored in the buffer parts; when the situation of insufficiently instantaneous reaction gas supply due to the influence of load on the fuel cell stack occurs, the reaction gas in the buffer parts is supplemented to a reaction gas exhaustion region to directly participate in power supply reaction, so that the reaction gas exhaustion is avoided and the service life of the fuel cell stack is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fuel cell technology field, more specifically, relate to a kind of fuel cell system.
Background technology
Fuel cell is a kind of environmental friendliness, efficient, long-life Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT).The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) of take is example, reaction gas enters from anode-side, and hydrogen atom loses electronics at anode and becomes proton, and proton passes proton exchange membrane and arrives negative electrode, during electron synchrotron, also arrive negative electrode via external circuit, generate water in negative electrode proton, electronics and combination with oxygen.Fuel cell adopts on-fuel mode that chemical energy is converted into to electric energy, due to be not subjected to Carnot cycle limit its direct generation of electricity efficiency can be up to 45%.The fuel cell pack of take is the core Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), fuel cell system is integrated power management, and the modules such as heat management, have the feature of heat, electricity, water, gas overall management.The fuel cell system product is from fixed power station, to portable power supply; From electric automobile, to spaceship; From military equipment, to the product for civilian use space that has a wide range of applications.
As shown in Figure 1, fuel cell system of the prior art comprises fuel cell pack 10 ' and reaction gas feeding mechanism 20 ', and the reaction gas feeding mechanism comprises admission line and air supply source 21 ', and air supply source 21 ' is communicated with fuel cell pack by admission line.As shown in Figure 2, in occasions such as parallel network reverse, ac converter outputs, because the power of load has certain frequency pulsation, thereby need to be coupled to fuel cell pack by power inverter.The current ripples of power inverter has a certain impact to fuel cell, the high-frequency current ripple of power inverter can not threaten to the security of operation of fuel cell pack, but some low-frequency current ripples, threaten as the security of operation of the meetings such as working frequency ripple wave to fuel cell pack.When electric current is in valley, can cause reaction gas enough and to spare and waste; And, when current peak is in peak value, can cause reaction gas under-supply, and even at regional area, form the reaction gas depletion region, thereby cause the membrane electrode life-span decay of fuel cell, seriously reduced performance and the durability of fuel cell pack.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of fuel cell system, to solve in prior art because load effect causes the instantaneous under-supply problem of reaction gas.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of fuel cell system, comprise fuel cell pack and at least two group reaction gas feeding mechanisms, at least two group reaction gas feeding mechanisms arrange independently of one another, fuel cell pack has and the two group reaction gas feeding mechanisms air inlet of corresponding connection one by one at least, every group reaction gas feeding mechanism comprises: admission line, and the first end of admission line is communicated with air inlet; Air supply source, air supply source is communicated with the second end of admission line; Buffer unit, buffer unit is communicated with admission line.
Further, buffer unit is the buffer memory bottle, and the bottleneck of buffer memory bottle is communicated with admission line.
Further, buffer unit is the buffer memory pipeline, and air inlet is communicated with admission line by the buffer memory pipeline, and the cross-sectional area of buffer memory pipeline is greater than the cross-sectional area of admission line.
Further, every group reaction gas feeding mechanism also comprises humidifier, and admission line is communicated with buffer unit by humidifier.
Further, the buffer unit of every group reaction gas feeding mechanism is two, the two ends corresponding connection one by one of two buffer units and humidifier, another buffer unit in a buffer unit in air supply source, two buffer units, humidifier, two buffer units and the air inlet of fuel cell pack are communicated with successively.
Further, fuel cell system also comprises at least two back pressure apparatus, and fuel cell pack has and the back pressure apparatus gas outlet of corresponding connection one by one.
Further, back pressure apparatus is pressure-reducing valve.
Further, the group number of at least two group reaction gas feeding mechanisms is two groups, and the air supply source of a group reaction gas feeding mechanism is hydrogen cylinder, and the air supply source of another group reaction gas feeding mechanism is air pump.
Reaction gas feeding mechanism in the present invention comprises admission line, air supply source and buffer unit, and air supply source is communicated with the air inlet of fuel cell pack by admission line, and buffer unit is communicated with admission line.Owing to being provided with buffer unit, thereby the reaction gas part passed in admission line by air supply source can enter the inner participation reaction of fuel cell pack by air inlet, and another part can be stored in buffer unit, when fuel cell pack is subjected to load effect the instantaneous under-supply situation of reaction gas to occur, the reaction gas be in buffer unit can add to the reaction gas depletion region, participating in power supply reaction directly, thus avoid reaction gas exhausted, extended fuel cell pack useful life, guaranteed the security of operation of fuel cell pack.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing that forms the application's a part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention the present invention does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention for explaining.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 has schematically shown the flow chart of fuel cell system of the prior art;
Fig. 2 has schematically shown the current ripple schematic diagram of fuel battery power converter of the prior art;
Fig. 3 has schematically shown the flow chart of the fuel cell system in first embodiment in the present invention;
Fig. 4 has schematically shown the flow chart of the fuel cell system in second embodiment in the present invention;
Fig. 5 has schematically shown the flow chart of the fuel cell system in the 3rd embodiment in the present invention;
Fig. 6 has schematically shown the flow chart of the fuel cell system in the 4th embodiment in the present invention;
Fig. 7 has schematically shown the flow chart of the fuel cell system in the 5th embodiment in the present invention; And
Fig. 8 has schematically shown the flow chart of the fuel cell system in the 6th embodiment in the present invention.
Reference numeral in figure: 10, fuel cell pack; 20, reaction gas feeding mechanism; 21, air supply source; 22, buffer unit; 23, humidifier; 30, back pressure apparatus; 10 ', fuel cell pack; 21 ', air supply source.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are elaborated, but the multitude of different ways that the present invention can be defined by the claims and cover is implemented.
The invention provides a kind of fuel cell system.As shown in Figures 3 to 8, fuel cell system comprises fuel cell pack 10 and at least two group reaction gas feeding mechanisms 20, at least two group reaction gas feeding mechanisms 20 arrange independently of one another, fuel cell pack 10 has and two group reaction gas feeding mechanisms 20 air inlet of corresponding connection one by one at least, every group reaction gas feeding mechanism 20 comprises: admission line, and the first end of admission line is communicated with air inlet; Air supply source 21, air supply source 21 is communicated with the second end of admission line; Buffer unit 22, buffer unit 22 is communicated with admission line.Owing to being provided with buffer unit 22, thereby the reaction gas part passed in admission line by air supply source 21 can enter the inner participation reaction of fuel cell pack by air inlet, and another part can be stored in buffer unit 22, when fuel cell pack is subjected to load effect the instantaneous under-supply situation of reaction gas to occur, the reaction gas be in buffer unit 22 can add to the reaction gas depletion region, participating in power supply reaction directly, thus avoid reaction gas exhausted, extended fuel cell pack useful life, guaranteed the security of operation of fuel cell pack.
Preferably, buffer unit 22 is the buffer memory bottle, and the bottleneck of buffer memory bottle is communicated with admission line.Because reaction gas can be full of whole space, thereby the buffer memory bottle is communicated with admission line and partial reaction gas is renewed in the buffer memory bottle (namely increased the gas-storing capacity of pipeline), when the reaction gas in fuel cell pack 10 occurs instantaneous while exhausting situation, the reaction gas be in the buffer memory bottle can add to rapidly the reaction gas depletion region, participate in the power supply reaction directly, thereby guarantee the normal operation of fuel cell pack 10, improved the reliability of power supply.
Certainly, can also pass through the method for the cross-sectional area of increase admission line, increase the air capacity of admission line, thereby guarantee that internal-response gas is instantaneous while exhausting when fuel cell pack 10, reaction gas in admission line can add to the reaction gas depletion region in time, and then guarantees that fuel cell pack 10 normally moves.
Preferably, buffer unit 22 is the buffer memory pipeline, and air inlet is communicated with admission line by the buffer memory pipeline, and the cross-sectional area of buffer memory pipeline is greater than the cross-sectional area of admission line.Due to the cross-sectional area of buffer memory pipeline, be greater than the cross-sectional area of admission line, thereby be equivalent to increase the air capacity of admission line, when reaction gas flow is in admission line, part reaction gas enters the inside of fuel cell pack 10 through the air inlet of fuel cell pack 10, another reaction gas renews in the buffer memory pipeline, thereby the reaction gas in fuel cell pack 10 occurs instantaneous while exhausting situation, the reaction gas that makes to be in the buffer memory pipeline adds to rapidly the reaction gas depletion region, participate in the power supply reaction directly, thereby guarantee the normal operation of fuel cell pack 10.
In embodiment as shown in Figures 3 to 8, the group number of at least two group reaction gas feeding mechanisms 20 is two groups, and the air supply source 21 of a group reaction gas feeding mechanism 20 is hydrogen cylinder, and the air supply source 21 of another group reaction gas feeding mechanism 20 is air pump.Preferably, reaction gas comprises hydrogen and hydrogen reduction gas.Further, hydrogen reduction gas is oxygen or air.Hydrogen cylinder provide hydrogen to act as a fuel anode that gas offers fuel cell pack 10 reacts, air pump is by extraneous air suction fuel cell pack 10 inside, the negative electrode that offers fuel cell pack 10 as oxidant reacts.
In first embodiment as shown in Figure 3, every group reaction gas feeding mechanism 20 is provided with a buffer unit 22, the air capacity of buffer unit 22 calculates by the area (average of dash area area) of the current peak in Fig. 2, and concrete calculating please refer to formula (1):
Wherein, R is ideal response gaseity equation constant, and T is temperature, and P is pressure, and ∫ Idt is that Fig. 2 dash area area is the current peak area, and n is electron number, and F is Faraday constant.
In a specific embodiment, fuel cell pack 10 for 3kW, work under the working frequency ripple wave condition, at the fuel air mouth place of fuel cell pack 10, set up a volume and be the buffer unit 22 of 50 milliliters be used to renewing fuel, at the oxidant air inlet place of fuel cell pack 10, set up a volume and be the buffer unit 22 of 100 milliliters be used to renewing oxidant, thereby effectively improved the output stability of fuel cell pack 10, extended the life-span of fuel cell pack 10.
In another specific embodiment, it is the admission line of 1 inch that the original diameter in the fuel air mouth place admission line that is 0.5 inch is expanded to one section 15 centimeter length, diameter; The admission line that is 0.75 inch by the original diameter of oxidant inlet expands to the admission line of 1.25 inches of one section 20 centimeter length, thereby has effectively improved the output stability of fuel cell pack 10, has extended the life-span of fuel cell pack 10.
In second embodiment as shown in Figure 4, every group reaction gas feeding mechanism 20 also comprises humidifier 23, and admission line is communicated with buffer unit 22 by humidifier 23.Owing to being provided with humidifier 23, thereby needed to add wet process through humidifier 23 before entering fuel cell pack 10 inside by the reaction gas that air supply source 21 provides, thereby improved the relative humidity of reaction gas, make the relative humidity of the reaction gas of fuel cell pack 10 inside remain on higher level, and then improved the conductivity of the proton exchange membrane of fuel cell pack inside, improved the generating efficiency of fuel cell pack 10.In this embodiment, buffer unit 22 is interior can store a certain amount of reaction gas of crossing through humidifier 23 humidifications, when electric current output occurred that the reaction gas depletion region appears in fluctuation, fuel cell pack 10 inside, the reaction gas renewed in buffer unit 22 can enoughly be supplied to fuel cell pack 10 to react.Yet, it should be noted that buffer unit in the present embodiment 22 needs the temperature that keeps certain, generally be not less than the working temperature of humidifier 23, to prevent that reaction gas that humidification crosses is in the interior condensation of buffer unit 22.The staff can be incubated processing to buffer unit 22 by methods such as heat tape, heat-insulating material coatings.
In the 3rd embodiment as shown in Figure 5, the buffer unit 22 of every group reaction gas feeding mechanism 20 is two, the two ends corresponding connection one by one of two buffer units 22 and humidifier 23, another buffer unit 22 in a buffer unit 22 in air supply source 21, two buffer units 22, humidifier 23, two buffer units 22 and the air inlet of fuel cell pack 10 are communicated with successively.Because the two ends at humidifier 23 are provided with buffer unit 22, thereby increased the air capacity of humidifier 23 primes, partial reaction gas is temporarily renewed in the buffer unit 22 of humidifier 23 primes, and increased the air capacity of humidifier 23 rear classes, the reaction gas that part is added after wet process can renew in the buffer unit 22 of humidifier 23 rear classes, when electric current output occurred that the reaction gas depletion region appears in fluctuation, fuel cell pack 10 inside, the reaction gas renewed in former and later two buffer units 22 can enoughly be supplied to fuel cell pack 10 to react.It should be noted that the buffer unit 22 that is positioned in the present embodiment humidifier 23 rear classes needs the temperature that keeps certain, generally be not less than the working temperature of humidifier 23, to prevent that reaction gas that humidification crosses is in the interior condensation of buffer unit 22.The staff can be incubated processing to buffer unit 22 by methods such as heat tape, heat-insulating material coatings.And the buffer unit 22 that is in humidifier 23 primes does not need to be incubated processing.
In the 4th embodiment as shown in Figure 6, fuel cell system also comprises at least two back pressure apparatus 30, and fuel cell pack 10 has and back pressure apparatus 30 gas outlet of corresponding connection one by one.Owing to being provided with back pressure apparatus 30, thereby can improve the pressure of the reaction gas of fuel cell pack 10 inside, thereby make fuel cell pack 10 inside can store the reaction gas with more molal quantitys, and then when current peak, can guarantee that fuel cell pack 10 inside can provide enough reaction gases to participate in the power supply reaction, to guarantee fuel cell pack 10 stable operations.Preferably, back pressure apparatus 30 is pressure-reducing valve.Certainly, back pressure apparatus 30 can also be that counterbalance valve or other can improve the back pressure apparatus of the port of export tail gas pressure of fuel cell pack 10.
In the 5th embodiment as shown in Figure 7, buffer unit 22 is not set in fuel cell system, and only at the port of export of fuel cell pack 10, is provided with the back pressure apparatus 30 with the corresponding connection in the gas outlet of fuel cell pack 10.Due to back pressure apparatus 30, can improve the pressure of the reaction gas of fuel cell pack 10 inside, make fuel cell pack 10 inside can store the reaction gas with more molal quantitys, thereby can guarantee that fuel cell pack 10 inside can have enough reaction gases to participate in the power supply reaction when electric current is in peak value, guaranteed the operation stability of fuel cell pack 10.
The 6th embodiment as shown in Figure 8 sets up back pressure apparatus 30 in the rear class of fuel cell pack 10 on the basis of the 3rd embodiment shown in Figure 5, supply in order to the reaction gas of further raising reaction gas, thereby guarantee that fuel cell system is when low-frequency current output ripple situation occurs, still can have enough reaction gases participate in power supply react, guaranteed the operation stability of fuel cell pack 10, extended fuel cell pack 10 life-span, improved performance and the durability of fuel cell pack 10.
The present invention is by outer setting buffer unit 22 and/or back pressure apparatus 30 at fuel cell pack 10, thereby solved fuel cell pack 10 in the situation that the under-supply problem of the reaction gas that current fluctuation occurs, thereby improved performance and the durability of fuel cell pack 10.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. fuel cell system, comprise fuel cell pack (10) and at least two group reaction gas feeding mechanisms (20), the at least two described reaction gas feeding mechanisms of group (20) are independent of one another to be arranged, described fuel cell pack (10) has and described two group reaction gas feeding mechanisms (20) air inlet of corresponding connection one by one at least, it is characterized in that, every group of described reaction gas feeding mechanism (20) comprising:
Admission line, the first end of described admission line is communicated with described air inlet;
Air supply source (21), described air supply source (21) is communicated with the second end of described admission line;
Buffer unit (22), described buffer unit (22) is communicated with described admission line.
2. fuel cell system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described buffer unit (22) is the buffer memory bottle, and the bottleneck of described buffer memory bottle is communicated with described admission line.
3. fuel cell system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described buffer unit (22) is the buffer memory pipeline, and described air inlet is communicated with described admission line by described buffer memory pipeline, and the cross-sectional area of described buffer memory pipeline is greater than the cross-sectional area of described admission line.
4. fuel cell system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, every group of described reaction gas feeding mechanism (20) also comprises humidifier (23), and described admission line is communicated with described buffer unit (22) by described humidifier (23).
5. fuel cell system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the described buffer unit (22) of every group of described reaction gas feeding mechanism (20) is two, the two ends corresponding connection one by one of two described buffer units (22) and described humidifier (23), another buffer unit (22) in the buffer unit (22) in described air supply source (21), described two buffer units (22), described humidifier (23), described two buffer units (22) and the described air inlet of described fuel cell pack (10) are communicated with successively.
6. fuel cell system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fuel cell system also comprises at least two back pressure apparatus (30), and described fuel cell pack (10) has and described back pressure apparatus (30) gas outlet of corresponding connection one by one.
7. fuel cell system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described back pressure apparatus (30) is pressure-reducing valve.
8. fuel cell system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the group number of described at least two group reaction gas feeding mechanisms (20) is two groups, the described air supply source (21) of one group of described reaction gas feeding mechanism (20) is hydrogen cylinder, and the described air supply source (21) of another described reaction gas feeding mechanism of group (20) is air pump.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310376324.0A CN103413957B (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2013-08-26 | Fuel cell system |
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| CN201310376324.0A CN103413957B (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2013-08-26 | Fuel cell system |
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| CN103413957B CN103413957B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104269571A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-07 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Fuel cell power system |
| CN104916860A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-09-16 | 常州联德电子有限公司 | Outer gas flow cavity-based solid oxide fuel cell electric pile group serial connecting technology |
| CN105161739A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-12-16 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Fuel cell device |
| CN112820902A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 华中科技大学 | Zero gas discharge system applied to hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell |
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| CN112820902B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-04-29 | 华中科技大学 | Zero gas discharge system applied to hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell |
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| CN103413957B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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Effective date of registration: 20200831 Address after: 610000 No. 18 West core road, hi tech Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee after: Dongfang Electric (Chengdu) Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 611731, No. 18, West core road, hi tech West District, Sichuan, Chengdu Patentee before: DONGFANG ELECTRIC Co.,Ltd. |