CN112816389B - Multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device and application thereof - Google Patents
Multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112816389B CN112816389B CN202011643748.5A CN202011643748A CN112816389B CN 112816389 B CN112816389 B CN 112816389B CN 202011643748 A CN202011643748 A CN 202011643748A CN 112816389 B CN112816389 B CN 112816389B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device and application thereof. The seepage simulation device comprises a full-diameter fractured core clamping module, a radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module and an axial seepage injection-production module. The simulation device can respectively simulate the core seepage from multiple directions and angles such as axial direction, radial direction, complex multi-direction and the like, the simulated fluid seepage behavior is closer to the actual reservoir, the secondary damage and the operation inconvenience caused by drilling a rock sample from a full-diameter core are avoided, and the simulation device has higher reference value for researching the complex hydraulic fracture seepage rule of a compact oil-gas reservoir. The simulation device disclosed by the invention can be used for carrying out comprehensive radial seepage simulation on the full-diameter fracture core and carrying out targeted seepage simulation on a single area, and is beneficial to determining the contribution of different forms of hydraulic fractures in different areas to the whole flow conductivity, so that the fracturing modification effect of a compact oil and gas reservoir can be more accurately evaluated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fracturing modification of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as shale oil and gas, coal bed gas, compact conglomerate oil and gas and the like.
Background
The global energy demand is increasing day by day, and the oil gas resource exploration development scale is continuously expanding. Unconventional oil and gas resources are abundant in reserves and wide in distribution, and gradually become the key point of the current oil and gas field exploration and development. However, the compact unconventional oil and gas reservoirs represented by shale oil and gas, coal bed gas, compact conglomerate oil and gas and the like generally have the defects of no development of natural fractures, poor reservoir permeability and the like, increase the exploitation difficulty and limit the efficient and rapid development of oil and gas resources. The hydraulic fracturing technology is an important measure for improving the transformation degree and the development effect of a compact reservoir. The hydraulic fracturing aims at establishing a high-efficiency flow guide channel in an oil reservoir, improving the flow guide capacity of oil and gas and further improving the recovery ratio of a compact oil and gas reservoir. However, the three-dimensional seam network structure formed by the fracturing modification measures is complicated and complicated, and the seepage rule of the fluid is complicated and changeable when the fluid flows through the reservoir modification area. Therefore, the clear hydraulic fracture seepage rule has important significance for evaluating the fracturing stimulation effect and guiding the efficient development of oil gas.
In order to research the seepage rule of a compact oil and gas reservoir, the traditional means is to collect a small-size natural fracture core or an artificial fracture core to carry out analysis. Usually, a conventional core holder, such as a haar-type core holder, a fracture flow guide instrument or a triaxial core holder, is used for performing an axial core seepage simulation experiment to obtain corresponding flow parameters and explore an oil-gas seepage rule. However, this seepage study has certain disadvantages. First, the fracture complexity caused by the fracturing process is high, and small-size natural rock samples are difficult to completely contain hydraulic fractures collected from full-diameter cores. In addition, when a full-diameter core is sampled in a small size, there is a possibility of secondary damage to the rock sample, thereby distorting the original fracture structure of the core. Therefore, the seepage rule measured by the traditional research method is often far from the real situation, and the fracturing reconstruction effect of the corresponding stratum is difficult to accurately evaluate. Secondly, the existing core holder generally only supports the seepage research of the core sample along the axial direction, and the radial seepage condition of the core sample is not considered. Such seepage simulation mode is too simple, can't comprehensive evaluation fracture core sample's fracture seepage flow ability. Therefore, the complex seepage condition of a real reservoir is difficult to accurately acquire depending on the current fracture core seepage research mode and experimental device, and the accurate evaluation and research on the fracturing modification effect are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a seepage simulation device for a full-diameter hydraulic fracture core of a compact oil and gas reservoir, which can perform pressure loading and seepage simulation in the radial direction and the axial direction and can better restore the real seepage condition of a stratum; the simulation device overcomes the defect that the existing device does not consider the multi-direction multi-level radial seepage condition, solves the problem that the existing device cannot simulate the complex seepage condition of the stratum, realizes the whole and regional seepage simulation of multi-angle multi-layer positions on the full-diameter rock core, and is favorable for accurately evaluating the fracturing and reforming effect of the compact oil and gas reservoir.
The simulation device can bear higher pressure (0-50 MPa) and higher temperature (0-270 ℃), is matched with the complex seepage condition in the actual stratum, and is simple in operation process, safe and high in stability.
The invention provides a multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device which comprises a full-diameter fracture core clamping module, a radial multidirectional multilayer seepage injection and production module, an axial seepage injection and production module and a stress and temperature loading module;
the full-diameter fractured core clamping module comprises a high-pressure-resistant rubber sleeve and a clamping device cylinder;
the inner cavity of the high-pressure resistant rubber sleeve is used as a full-diameter fractured core chamber and used for placing a full-diameter fractured core sample;
the clamp holder barrel is sleeved outside the high-pressure-resistant rubber sleeve, an annular cavity between the clamp holder barrel and the high-pressure-resistant rubber sleeve is used as a confining pressure cavity, and an exhaust hole and a confining pressure loading hole are respectively formed in the upper portion and the lower portion of the side wall of the clamp holder barrel;
the two ends of the high-pressure resistant rubber sleeve and the holder cylinder are respectively matched with the support base and the axial upper cylinder;
the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module comprises a plurality of radial guide pipes and a plurality of slit type guide grooves;
the radial guide pipe is fixed at different heights of the side wall of the holder cylinder and sealed by a sealing press ring so as to improve the sealing property of the confining pressure cavity;
one end of the radial guide pipe is positioned outside the holder cylinder, and the other end of the radial guide pipe extends into the high-pressure-resistant rubber sleeve and is communicated with the full-diameter fractured rock core chamber;
an upper hydraulic core plug and a lower core plug are respectively matched with two ends of the full-diameter fractured core chamber, the upper part of the upper hydraulic core plug is connected with a hydraulic piston, the axial upper barrel is matched with an axial seepage simulator end cover, and a hydraulic cavity is formed between the axial seepage simulator end cover and the hydraulic piston to provide axial stress; an axial hydraulic fluid injection port is formed in the end cover of the axial seepage simulation device; an upper axial flow guide pipe penetrates through the end cover of the axial seepage simulation device, the hydraulic piston and the upper hydraulic core plug and is communicated with the full-diameter fractured rock core chamber; a lower axial flow guide pipe penetrates through the lower core plug and is communicated with the full-diameter fractured core chamber; the upper axial flow guide pipe, the lower axial flow guide pipe and the hydraulic piston form the axial seepage flow injection-production module.
In the above seepage simulation apparatus, the size of the holder cylinder may be: the length is 110-150 cm, the inner diameter is 15.2-23.2 cm, and the thickness is 3-5 cm;
the dimensions of the high pressure resistant sealing sleeve may be: the length is 90-130 cm, the inner diameter is 8.2-14.2 cm, and the thickness is 2-3 cm;
the dimensions of the axially upper cylinder may be: the height is 8-12 cm, the inner diameter is 15.2-23.2 cm, and the inner diameter and the thickness of the clamp holder are designed to be consistent with those of the clamp holder cylinder.
In the seepage simulation device, 6-12 symmetrical radial guide pipes are uniformly arranged at different heights of the holder cylinder, and the included angle between every two adjacent radial guide pipes is 30-60 degrees, so that multidirectional and multi-layer radial seepage simulation is provided;
the radial guide pipe can be connected with a pipeline interface, and the pipeline interface can be connected with a 3-6 mm pipeline connector;
the radial draft tube may have dimensions of: the diameter is 3-6 mm.
The arrangement of the radial guide flow pipe in the seepage simulation device has the following advantages: the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module is provided with a plurality of injection-production positions, so that the whole radial seepage experiment can be performed on the full-diameter core, the comprehensive flow conductivity of the full-diameter core cracks and matrix can be evaluated, the regional cracks can be subjected to targeted seepage simulation, and the purpose of evaluating the flow conductivity of the regional cracks can be achieved. The radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module is provided with a plurality of injection-production directions, the fracture form and direction formed by a compact oil-gas reservoir after volume fracturing are uncertain, the included angle between a streamline and a fracture is uncertain, and the contribution of different types of fractures to the flow conductivity of a rock core can be comprehensively evaluated by carrying out comprehensive seepage simulation from a plurality of directions, so that the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module has important significance for obtaining fracture seepage information.
In the seepage simulation device, an axial rigid cylinder arranged along the axial direction is matched on the outer wall of the high-pressure resistant rubber sleeve;
the axial rigid cylinder is matched with a groove on the outer wall of the high-pressure resistant rubber sleeve; two ends of the axial rigid cylinder are fixed in the support base and the clamping groove on the cylinder body at the upper part in the axial direction, and the two ends are matched through a sealing ring;
the dimensions of the axially rigid cylinder may be: the length is 100-140 cm, and the diameter is 2-3 cm.
In the seepage simulation device, the tail end of the radial flow guide pipe is connected with a slit type flow guide groove arranged in the high-pressure-resistant sealing sleeve, and the slit type flow guide groove is communicated with the full-diameter fractured core chamber;
the size of the slot-type diversion trench can be as follows: the width is 6-8 mm, and the length is 8-15 cm.
The arrangement of the slit type diversion trench in the seepage simulation device has the following advantages: the slit type flow guide groove can convert fluid injected from the radial flow guide pipe into slit-shaped seepage from tubular seepage, and the fluid is uniformly injected into a full-diameter fractured core sample along the radial direction. The slit type diversion trench aims at simultaneously achieving the experiment purpose of radial overall and regional radial seepage simulation, can well simulate the seepage condition of regional cracks, and provides favorable conditions for researching the diversion capability of cracks and matrixes in different regions in a full-diameter rock core and evaluating the yield-increasing transformation effect of reservoir fracturing. The seam type diversion trench is nested in the high-pressure-resistant sealing sleeve, the overall sealing performance and the sealing performance between layers are good, and powerful support is provided for evaluating the diversion capability of the full-diameter core area crack.
In the seepage simulation device, the flow guide pipe positioned in the hydraulic cavity is a winding pipe so as to be connected with an axial flow guide pipe arranged in an end cover of the axial seepage simulation device and an axial flow guide pipe arranged in the upper hydraulic core plug; the dimensions of the winding tube may be: the length is 20-30 cm, and the diameter is 3-6 mm;
the end cover of the axial seepage simulation device is provided with two rotary grooves for facilitating the assembling and disassembling process;
the end cover of the axial seepage simulation device is connected with the axial upper cylinder body through threads;
the hydraulic piston and the upper hydraulic core plug are integrally formed and fixedly connected in a welding mode;
and sealing rings are arranged between the hydraulic piston and the upper hydraulic core plug and between the upper hydraulic core plug and the axial cylinder.
In the seepage simulation device, the lower core plug is provided with two rotary grooves for facilitating the loading and unloading process, and the rotary grooves are symmetrically distributed;
the lower core plug is designed to be convenient for taking out a full-diameter core sample, and after the lower core plug and the axial seepage injection and production module are disassembled, axial pressure can be applied from the position by using a pressure loading device, so that the full-diameter core sample is ejected out of the upper part of the full-diameter fractured core chamber.
In the above seepage simulation device, the upper axial flow guide pipe and the lower axial flow guide pipe may be externally connected to a pipeline interface, and the pipeline interface may be connected to a pipeline joint of 3-6 mm.
In the seepage simulation device, the support base is designed in an integrated manner, the edge part of the upper part is provided with threads, and the support base is connected with the holder cylinder in a threaded manner;
the support base is provided with internal threads and is in threaded connection with the lower core plug;
in the seepage simulation device, rubber gaskets are arranged between the upper hydraulic core plug and the full-diameter fractured core chamber and between the lower hydraulic core plug and the full-diameter fractured core chamber.
In the seepage simulation device, the heating sleeve is sleeved outside the holder cylinder body, so that simulation environments at different temperatures are provided for the holder cylinder body;
in the seepage simulation device, the holder cylinder, the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module, the axial seepage injection-production module and the support base are all made of steel;
the multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device can be used for researching the seepage rule of a full-diameter core in the radial direction and the axial direction, and can be specifically carried out according to the following steps:
(1) device mounting
And fixing the full-diameter fracture core clamping module on the upper part of the support base. Connecting the radial guide pipe with the slot type guide groove; placing a full-diameter core sample into the full-diameter fracture core chamber from the upper part; connecting the axial seepage flow injection-production module with the holder cylinder through threads; connecting and fixing the heating sleeve; after the assembly, the tightness was checked.
(2) Seepage simulation
According to seepage experiment requirements, the confining pressure loading hole and the exhaust hole are opened, confining pressure fluid is injected into the confining pressure cavity from the confining pressure loading hole, and when the fluid overflows from the exhaust hole, the exhaust hole is closed, so that a radial stress condition is provided for the simulation device.
According to seepage experiment requirements, the axial hydraulic fluid injection port is opened, hydraulic fluid is injected into the hydraulic cavity from the axial hydraulic fluid injection port, and an axial pressure condition is provided for the simulation device.
According to the seepage experiment requirement, under the condition of ensuring safety, the heating jacket power supply is switched on, and a constant temperature condition is provided for the simulation device.
According to seepage experiment requirements, injecting fluid from one or more radial guide pipes in one or more directions of the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module, opening one or more radial guide pipes in one or more directions of the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module, closing the radial guide pipes, the upper axial guide pipe and the lower axial guide pipe in the remaining directions, and connecting a pressure measuring device and a flow measuring device at each opened pipeline interface to monitor the radial seepage condition of the full-diameter fracture core;
according to the seepage experiment requirements, injecting fluid from the upper axial flow guide pipe of the axial seepage injection-production module, opening the lower axial flow guide pipe, closing all the radial flow guide pipes of the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module, and connecting a pressure measuring device and a flow measuring device at the opened pipeline interfaces to monitor the axial seepage rule of the full-diameter fracture core;
according to the seepage experiment requirements, injecting fluid from one or more radial guide pipes in one or more directions of the upper axial guide pipe of the axial seepage injection-production module and the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module, opening a lower axial guide pipe and one or more radial guide pipes in one or more directions of the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module, closing the radial guide pipes in the remaining directions, and connecting a pressure measuring device and a flow measuring device at the opened pipeline interfaces to monitor the complex multi-directional seepage rule of the full-diameter fracture core.
(3) Draining and unloading
After the experiment is finished, all pipeline interfaces are closed; simultaneously opening the confining pressure loading hole and the exhaust hole to unload radial stress; and after the radial stress is unloaded, opening the axial hydraulic fluid injection port to unload the axial stress.
After pressure relief is finished, the axial seepage injection-production module is disassembled through the end cover rotating groove; rotationally disassembling the lower core plug along the thread by rotating the groove, and discharging residual liquid in the full-diameter crack core chamber; and applying upward axial pressure to the full-diameter core sample by using a pressure loading device, and ejecting the full-diameter core sample from the upper part of the multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the simulation device is provided with the axial seepage injection-production module and the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module, and can respectively simulate the core seepage from multiple directions and multiple angles such as axial direction, radial direction, complex multi-direction and the like, the simulated fluid seepage behavior is closer to the actual reservoir, and the simulation device has higher reference value for researching the complex hydraulic fracture seepage rule of the compact oil-gas reservoir.
(2) The simulation device directly utilizes the real full-diameter fracture core obtained by the core-taking of the fractured stratum, overcomes the defect that a small-size rock sample cannot completely contain hydraulic fracture information, avoids secondary damage and operation inconvenience caused by drilling the rock sample from the full-diameter core, and overcomes the defect that the traditional device cannot accurately simulate seepage behaviors in hydraulic fractures.
(3) The simulation device disclosed by the invention can be used for carrying out comprehensive radial seepage simulation on the full-diameter fracture core and carrying out targeted seepage simulation on a single area, thereby realizing the systematic evaluation on the flow conductivity of the complex hydraulic fractures of the compact oil-gas reservoir, being beneficial to determining the contribution of the hydraulic fractures of different areas in different forms to the whole flow conductivity and further more accurately evaluating the fracturing transformation effect of the compact oil-gas reservoir.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view (overall front view) of a multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (cylinder top view) of a multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device according to the present invention;
the respective symbols in the figure are as follows:
1. the core-type rock drilling machine comprises a full-diameter fractured core chamber, 2 an upper axial flow guide pipe, 3 an axial upper pipeline interface, 4 an axial hydraulic fluid injection port, 5 an end cover rotating groove, 6 a hydraulic cavity, 7 an axial seepage simulation device end cover, 8 a hydraulic piston, 9 a winding pipe, 10 a hydraulic piston sealing ring, 11 an upper hydraulic core plug, 12 a cylinder rubber gasket, 13 an axial upper cylinder, 14 a plug sealing ring, 15 an upper rubber gasket, 16 exhaust holes, 17 a holder cylinder, 18 a radial flow guide pipe, 19 a seam type flow guide groove, 20 a radial pipeline interface, 21 a high-pressure-resistant sealing sleeve, 22 an axial rigid cylinder, 23 a confining pressure cavity, 24 a heating sleeve, 25 a lower rubber gasket, 26 a confining pressure loading hole, 27 a cylinder sealing ring, 28 a sealing ring, 29 a supporting base, 30 a lower core plug, 31. the lower axial draft tube 32, the plug rotating groove 33, the axial lower pipeline interface 34, the heating sleeve buckle 35 and the sealing press ring 35.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The invention provides a multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device, which has the overall structural schematic diagram shown in figure 1 (a sectional diagram in the main view direction), and comprises a full-diameter fracture core clamping module, a radial multidirectional multilayer seepage injection and production module, an axial seepage injection and production module and a stress and temperature loading module.
Wherein, full diameter fracture rock core centre gripping module includes high pressure resistant rubber sleeve 21 and holder barrel 17, and high pressure resistant rubber sleeve 21's inner chamber is as full diameter fracture rock core room 1 for place full diameter fracture rock core sample, holder barrel 17 cover is located high pressure resistant rubber sleeve 21's outside, and the ring chamber between the two is as enclosing the pressure chamber. The upper part and the lower part of the side wall of the clamp holder cylinder 17 are respectively provided with an exhaust hole 16 and a confining pressure loading hole 26, and the exhaust hole 16 and the confining pressure loading hole 26 are both communicated with the confining pressure cavity. The holder cylinder 17 is vertically placed along the axial direction, radial draft tubes 18 are arranged along 8 circumferential directions of the holder cylinder 17, and the included angle between every two directions is 45 degrees. The gripper cylinder 17 is provided with 6 segments in each direction, and a radial draft tube 18 is provided on each segment. The top of the holder cylinder 17 is connected and fixed with the axial upper cylinder 13 through threads, the bottom of the holder cylinder is connected and fixed on a supporting base 29 through threads, and a plurality of radial guide pipes 18 which are arranged in the circumferential direction and the vertical direction form a radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module.
As shown in fig. 2 (a cross-sectional view in a top view), the radial draft tubes 18 are symmetrically arranged along the circumferential direction of the holder cylinder 17, and are inserted into the holder cylinder 17 through the sealing press ring 35, the radial draft tubes 18 are simultaneously embedded and fixed in the high pressure resistant rubber sleeve 21 and connected with the slit type draft grooves 19, and the slit type draft grooves 19 are communicated with the full-diameter fractured rock core chamber 1. The outer interface of the radial draft tube 18 is connected with a 3mm pipeline joint. Wherein, 8 axial rigid cylinders 22 which are evenly arranged are matched on the outer wall of the high pressure resistant rubber sleeve 21 and matched with a groove on the outer wall of the high pressure resistant rubber sleeve 21. The upper part and the lower part of the axial rigid cylinder 22 are respectively fixed through clamping grooves arranged on the axial upper cylinder 13 and the supporting base 29, and are sealed through cylinder sealing rings 27.
As shown in fig. 1, two ends of a full-diameter fractured core chamber are respectively matched with an upper hydraulic core plug 11 and a lower core plug 30, the upper part of the upper hydraulic core plug 11 is connected with a hydraulic piston 8, an axial upper cylinder 13 is matched with an axial seepage simulator end cover 7, and a hydraulic cavity 6 is formed between the axial seepage simulator end cover 7 and the hydraulic piston 8 to provide axial stress; an axial hydraulic fluid injection port 4 is arranged on an end cover 7 of the axial seepage simulation device; an upper axial flow guide pipe 2 penetrates through an end cover 7 of the axial seepage simulation device, a hydraulic piston 8 and an upper hydraulic core plug 11 and is communicated with the full-diameter fractured core chamber 1; a lower axial draft tube 31 penetrates through the lower core plug 30 and is communicated with the full-diameter fractured core chamber 1; the outer parts of the upper axial flow guide pipe 2 and the lower axial flow guide pipe 31 can be connected with pipeline interfaces which are connected with pipeline joints of 3 mm. The upper axial draft tube 2, the lower axial draft tube 31 and the hydraulic piston 8 form an axial seepage injection-production module.
The guide pipe in the hydraulic cavity 6 is a winding pipe 9 to connect an axial guide pipe arranged in an end cover 7 of the axial seepage simulator and an axial guide pipe arranged in an upper hydraulic core plug 11. The end cover 7 of the axial seepage simulation device is provided with two end cover rotating grooves 5 for facilitating the assembling and disassembling process, and the end cover 7 of the axial seepage simulation device is connected with the barrel body 11 at the upper part of the axial direction through threads. The hydraulic piston 8 and the upper hydraulic core plug 11 are integrally formed and fixedly connected in a welding mode. Sealing rings are arranged between the hydraulic piston 8, the upper hydraulic core plug 11 and the axial upper barrel 13. An upper rubber gasket 15 is arranged between the upper hydraulic core plug 11 and the full-diameter fractured core chamber 1, and lower rubber gaskets 25 are arranged between the lower core plug 30 and the full-diameter fractured core chamber 1. The lower core plug 30 is provided with two plug rotating grooves 32 for facilitating the assembling and disassembling process, and the plug rotating grooves 32 are symmetrically distributed. The lower core plug 30 is designed to facilitate taking out of a full-diameter core sample in a full-diameter fracture core chamber, and after the lower core plug 30 and the axial seepage injection and production module are disassembled, axial pressure can be applied from the position by using a pressure loading device, and the full-diameter core sample is ejected from the upper part of the multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device.
In the seepage simulating apparatus of the present invention, the support base 29 is designed as one piece, and the upper edge portion is provided with a screw thread for fitting with the holder cylinder 17. The support base 29 is provided with internal screw threads for cooperation with the lower core plug 30. The heating sleeve 24 is sleeved outside the holder cylinder 17 and is matched with the outside of the holder cylinder 17 through the heating sleeve snap 34, so that simulated environments at different temperatures are provided for the holder cylinder.
In the seepage simulation device, the holder cylinder 17, the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module, the axial seepage injection-production module and the support base 29 are all made of steel.
The structure sizes can be specifically designed as follows: the size of the gripper cylinder is as follows: the length is 130cm, the inner diameter is 17.2cm, and the thickness is 5 cm; the dimensions of the high pressure resistant sealing sleeve 21 are: the length is 110cm, the inner diameter is 10.2cm, and the thickness is 2 cm; the dimensions of the axial upper cylinder 13 are: the height is 10cm, and the inner diameter is 17.2 cm; the dimensions of the radial draft tube 18 are: the diameter is 3 mm; the size of the slot-type guiding gutter 19 is: the width is 8mm, and the length is 14 cm; the dimensions of the axially rigid cylinder 22 are: the length is 120cm, and the diameter is 2.5 cm; the dimensions of the coil 9 are: the length is 20cm and the diameter is 3 mm.
The arrangement of the radial guide flow pipe in the seepage simulation device has the following advantages: the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module is provided with a plurality of injection-production positions, so that the whole radial seepage experiment can be performed on the full-diameter core, the comprehensive flow conductivity of the full-diameter core cracks and matrix can be evaluated, the regional cracks can be subjected to targeted seepage simulation, and the purpose of evaluating the flow conductivity of the regional cracks can be achieved. The radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection and production module is provided with a plurality of injection and production directions, the fracture forms and directions formed after the compact oil and gas reservoir is subjected to volume fracturing are uncertain, the included angles of a streamline and a fracture are uncertain, and the contribution of different types of fractures to the flow conductivity of a rock core can be comprehensively evaluated by carrying out comprehensive seepage simulation from a plurality of directions, so that the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection and production module has important significance for acquiring fracture seepage information.
The seepage simulation device provided by the invention has the following advantages by arranging the slit type diversion trench: the slot-type diversion trench 19 can transform the fluid injected from the radial diversion pipe 18 from tubular seepage into slot-type seepage, and the fluid is uniformly injected into a full-diameter fracture core sample along the radial direction. The slit type diversion trench 19 aims at simultaneously realizing the experiment purpose of radial overall and regional radial seepage simulation, can well simulate the regional seepage condition, and provides favorable conditions for researching the diversion capability of different regional cracks and matrixes in a full-diameter core and evaluating the fracturing yield-increasing transformation effect of a reservoir. The seam type diversion trench 19 is nested in the high-pressure-resistant sealing sleeve 21, the overall sealing performance and the sealing performance between layers are good, and powerful support is provided for evaluating the diversion capability of the full-diameter core area crack.
When the multi-direction multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device is adopted to research the seepage rule of the full-diameter core in the radial direction and the axial direction, the method can be specifically carried out according to the following steps:
(1) device assembly
The high pressure resistant sealing sleeve 21 is placed on the support base 29 with its lower portion tightly fitted over the protruding portion of the support base 29. The axially rigid cylinder 22 is inserted in a groove provided in the support base 29 and sealed by the cylinder seal 27. The gripper cylinder 17 is connected to the support base 29 along a thread. The radial guide pipe 18 is inserted into the high pressure resistant sealing sleeve 21 through the sealing press ring 35 and connected with the slot type guide groove 19. The full diameter fractured core sample was placed into the full diameter fractured core chamber 1 from the top. The axially upper cylinder 13 is placed on the upper portion of the axially rigid cylinder 22 in accordance with the set groove, and is sealed by the cylinder seal 27. The cylinder rubber gasket 12 is placed on the upper portion of the axially upper cylinder 13. The axial seepage flow injection and production module end cover 7 is connected with the axial upper cylinder 13 through threads. The heating jacket 24 is secured to the outside of the holder cylinder 17 by a heating jacket snap 34.
(2) Seepage simulation
According to the seepage experiment requirement, the exhaust hole 16 is opened, and confining pressure fluid is injected from the confining pressure loading hole 26 to provide a radial stress condition for the simulation device.
According to the seepage experiment requirement, hydraulic fluid is injected from the axial hydraulic fluid injection port 4, and an axial stress condition is provided for the simulation device.
According to the requirements of the seepage experiment, under the condition of ensuring the safety, the power supply of the heating jacket 24 is switched on, and the constant temperature condition is provided for the simulation device.
According to seepage experiment requirements, injecting fluid from a single or a plurality of radial pipeline interfaces 20 in one or a plurality of directions of a radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection and production module, opening the single or a plurality of radial pipeline interfaces 20 in one or a plurality of directions of the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection and production module, closing the radial pipeline interfaces 20 in the rest directions and an axial upper pipeline interface 3 and an axial lower pipeline interface 33 of an axial simulation part, and connecting a pressure measuring device and a flow measuring device at the opened pipeline interfaces to detect the radial seepage rule of the full-diameter fracture core.
According to the requirements of seepage experiments, injecting fluid from an axial upper pipeline interface 3 of an axial seepage injection-production module, opening an axial lower pipeline interface 33 of the axial seepage injection-production module, closing all radial pipeline interfaces 37 of a radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module, and connecting a pressure measuring device and a flow measuring device at the opened pipeline interfaces to detect the axial seepage rule of the full-diameter fracture core.
According to the seepage experiment requirements, injecting fluid from a pipeline interface 3 of an axial simulation part and a single or a plurality of pipeline interfaces 20 in one or a plurality of directions of a radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection and production module, opening a pipeline interface 33 of the axial simulation part and a single or a plurality of pipeline interfaces 20 in one or a plurality of directions of the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection and production module, closing the pipeline interfaces 20 in the rest directions, and connecting a pressure measuring device and a flow measuring device at the opened pipeline interfaces to detect the complex multi-directional seepage rule of the full-diameter fracture core.
(3) Draining and unloading
After the experiment is finished, all the radial line connections 20 and the axially upper line connection 2 are closed. The axial hydraulic fluid injection port 4 is opened to relieve hydraulic pressure and the confining pressure loading hole 26 and the exhaust hole 16 are opened to relieve compressive radial stress.
And after the pressure relief is finished, the axial seepage injection-production module is disassembled through the end cover rotating groove 5. The lower core plug 30 is rotationally disassembled along the threads through the plug rotating groove 32, residual liquid in the full-diameter fractured core chamber 1 is discharged, upward axial pressure is applied to the full-diameter core sample by using the pressure loading device, and the full-diameter fractured core sample is ejected from the upper part of the multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fractured core seepage simulation device.
Claims (3)
1. A multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device comprises a full-diameter fracture core clamping module, a radial multidirectional multilayer seepage injection and production module and an axial seepage injection and production module;
the full-diameter fracture core clamping module comprises a high-pressure-resistant rubber sleeve and a clamping device cylinder;
the inner cavity of the high-pressure resistant rubber sleeve is used as a full-diameter fractured core chamber and used for placing a full-diameter fractured core sample;
the clamp holder barrel is sleeved outside the high-pressure-resistant rubber sleeve, an annular cavity between the clamp holder barrel and the high-pressure-resistant rubber sleeve is used as a confining pressure cavity, and an exhaust hole and a confining pressure loading hole are respectively formed in the upper portion and the lower portion of the side wall of the clamp holder barrel;
the two ends of the high-pressure resistant rubber sleeve and the holder cylinder are respectively matched with the support base and the axial upper cylinder;
the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module comprises a plurality of radial guide pipes and a slit type guide groove;
the radial guide pipe is fixed at different heights of the side wall of the holder cylinder; one end of the radial flow guide pipe is positioned outside the holder cylinder, and the other end of the radial flow guide pipe extends into the high-pressure-resistant rubber sleeve and is connected with the slit-type flow guide groove;
the outer wall of the high-pressure resistant rubber sleeve is matched with an axial rigid cylinder which is arranged along the axial direction;
the axial rigid cylinder is matched with a groove on the outer wall of the high-pressure resistant rubber sleeve; two ends of the axial rigid cylinder are fixed in the support base and the clamping grooves in the cylinder body at the upper part in the axial direction;
6-12 symmetrical radial guide pipes are uniformly arranged at different heights of the holder barrel, and the included angle between every two adjacent radial guide pipes is 30-60 degrees;
the tail end of the radial guide pipe is connected with a slit type guide groove arranged in the high-pressure resistant rubber sleeve, and the slit type guide groove is communicated with the full-diameter fractured core chamber;
an upper hydraulic core plug and a lower core plug are respectively matched with two ends of the full-diameter fractured core chamber, the upper part of the upper hydraulic core plug is connected with a hydraulic piston, the axial upper barrel is matched with an axial seepage simulator end cover, and a hydraulic cavity is formed between the axial seepage simulator end cover and the hydraulic piston; an axial hydraulic fluid injection port is formed in the end cover of the axial seepage simulation device; an upper axial flow guide pipe penetrates through the end cover of the axial seepage simulation device, the hydraulic piston and the upper hydraulic core plug and is communicated with the full-diameter fractured core chamber; a lower axial flow guide pipe penetrates through the lower core plug and is communicated with the full-diameter fractured core chamber; the upper axial flow guide pipe, the lower axial flow guide pipe and the hydraulic piston form the axial seepage injection-production module;
the guide pipe positioned in the hydraulic cavity is a winding pipe;
the hydraulic piston and the upper hydraulic core plug are integrally formed and fixedly connected in a welding mode;
the supporting base and the cylinder body at the upper axial part are in threaded connection with the cylinder body of the clamp holder;
the end cover of the axial seepage simulation device is in threaded connection with the holder cylinder;
the lower core plug is in threaded connection with the support base;
rubber gaskets are arranged between the upper hydraulic core plug and the full-diameter fractured core chamber and between the lower core plug and the full-diameter fractured core chamber.
2. The seepage simulation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the clamp holder cylinder is sleeved with a heating sleeve;
and the radial guide pipe and the cylinder of the holder, the upper hydraulic rock core plug and the cylinder at the upper axial part and the hydraulic piston and the cylinder at the upper axial part are hermetically arranged.
3. The method for researching the seepage rule of the full-diameter core in the radial direction and the axial direction by using the seepage simulation device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 comprises the following steps:
s1, opening the confining pressure loading hole and the exhaust hole, injecting confining pressure fluid into the confining pressure cavity through the confining pressure loading hole, and closing the exhaust hole when the fluid overflows from the exhaust hole so as to provide radial stress;
s2, opening the axial hydraulic fluid injection port, injecting hydraulic fluid from the axial hydraulic fluid injection port into the hydraulic cavity to provide axial pressure;
s3, switching on a heating jacket power supply under a safe condition to provide a constant temperature condition for the simulation device; then carrying out any one of the following steps 1) to 3):
1) injecting fluid from one or more radial guide pipes in one or more directions of the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module, opening one or more radial guide pipes in one or more directions of the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module, closing the radial guide pipes, the upper axial guide pipe and the lower axial guide pipe in the remaining directions, and connecting a pressure measuring device and a flow measuring device at the opened pipeline interfaces to monitor the radial seepage rule of the full-diameter fracture core;
2) injecting fluid from the upper axial flow guide pipe of the axial seepage flow injection-production module, opening the lower axial flow guide pipe, closing all the radial flow guide pipes of the radial multidirectional multilayer seepage flow injection-production module, and connecting a pressure measuring device and a flow measuring device at the joints of the opened pipelines so as to monitor the axial seepage rule of the full-diameter fracture core;
3) and injecting fluid from one or more radial guide pipes in one or more directions of the upper axial guide pipe of the axial seepage injection-production module and the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module, opening one or more radial guide pipes in one or more directions of the lower axial guide pipe and the radial multi-directional multi-layer seepage injection-production module, closing the radial guide pipes in the remaining directions, and connecting a pressure measuring device and a flow measuring device at the opened pipeline interfaces to monitor the complex multi-directional seepage rule of the full-diameter fracture core.
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| CN113532996B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2022-04-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Matrix-fracture fluid three-dimensional flow model and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113484223B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-02-03 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Full-diameter core holder |
| CN113670793B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-05-16 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Hydraulic fracture permeability real-time monitoring device and method |
| CN115014996B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-09-19 | 中国矿业大学 | Rough joint surface rotary shear-seepage test device considering size effect |
| CN116399784B (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-08-18 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for simulating geothermal exploitation seepage test of fractured thermal reservoir |
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