CN112814656A - Large-scale high-temperature high-pressure simulation device and method for bottom water sandstone oil reservoir development - Google Patents
Large-scale high-temperature high-pressure simulation device and method for bottom water sandstone oil reservoir development Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-scale high-temperature and high-pressure simulation device and a large-scale high-temperature and high-pressure simulation method for bottom water sandstone oil reservoir development, which comprise a model body, wherein the model body is arranged in a closed manner; the device also comprises a clamp holder used for heating and confining pressure on the rock plate arranged in the device; the rock plate is connected with one end of a water injection or gas well simulation device and one end of a production vertical well simulation device which are both vertically arranged, and one end of a production horizontal well simulation device which is horizontally arranged; the other end of the water injection or gas well simulation device is connected with a displacement fluid injection device; the other ends of the production vertical well simulation device and the production horizontal well simulation device are connected to the fluid collecting device; the device also comprises a formation crude oil supply device and a bottom water supply device which are connected to the rock plate through a plurality of interfaces; the data collection and processing device is connected with the fluid collection device and a probe which is connected to the surface of the rock plate and is used for measuring the temperature, the pressure and the resistivity of the rock plate; the invention can realize the simulation of stable pressure supply and integral bottom water lifting of infinite stratums and simulate various stratum conditions more truly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of physical simulation experiments of bottom water sandstone oil reservoirs, in particular to a large-scale high-temperature high-pressure simulation device and method for bottom water sandstone oil reservoir development.
Background
The sandstone reservoir is widely distributed, is also the main type of the continental facies sedimentary basin reservoir in China, accounts for about 50 percent of the reservoir in China, and has better development prospect. Sandstone reservoirs have the characteristics of multiple oil-bearing layers and strong heterogeneous reservoirs, so that the problems of low oil reservoir exploitation degree, low water absorption capacity of a water injection well, nonuniform water injection effect, poor effect, non-ideal water flooding effect and the like exist in water injection development.
The existing physical model for developing the large-bottom water sandstone reservoir mainly has the following problems: most models do not consider the condition of an oil-water layer, mostly take completely saturated oil as a main part, and are difficult to form a better oil-water layer; and the model is mostly coated by the numerical value of the cemented sand, the recycling frequency is limited, and the material is wasted. For example, CN202363006U discloses an experimental physical model for bottom water low permeability reservoir development, which adopts a low permeability cementation model as a main body, bottom water is connected with a liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank is connected with an injection system, and the experimental physical model is equipped with a production system and an electrode monitoring system. However, a cementing fixed model is adopted, and only the development conditions of bottom water driving, horizontal wells or vertical wells can be simulated, and the conditions of model geological parameter change and water injection wells are not considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a large-scale high-temperature and high-pressure simulation device and a large-scale high-temperature and high-pressure simulation method for bottom water sandstone reservoir development, which are more in line with actual reservoir conditions and realize infinite stable formation pressure supply and integral bottom water lifting.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the large-scale high-temperature high-pressure simulation device for the bottom water sandstone oil reservoir development comprises a model body, wherein the model body is arranged in a closed manner; the device also comprises a clamp holder used for heating and confining pressure on the rock plate arranged in the device; the rock plate is connected with one end of a water injection or gas well simulation device and one end of a production vertical well simulation device which are both vertically arranged, and one end of a production horizontal well simulation device which is horizontally arranged; the other end of the water injection or gas well simulation device is connected with a displacement fluid injection device; the other ends of the production vertical well simulation device and the production horizontal well simulation device are connected to the fluid collecting device; the device also comprises a formation crude oil supply device and a bottom water supply device which are connected to the rock plate through a plurality of interfaces; and the data collection and processing device is connected with the fluid collection device and a probe which is connected to the surface of the rock plate and is used for measuring the temperature, the pressure and the resistivity of the rock plate.
Further, the side of the rock plate connected to the formation crude oil supply device and the bottom water supply device is provided with foam steel, and the side of the foam steel is provided with a dead plug.
Further, an interlayer separating device is arranged in the middle of the inner part of the rock plate; the number of the interlayer devices is at least one, and the interlayer devices are half shelters.
Furthermore, a plurality of probes are arranged on the surface of the rock plate in an array manner; the positive pole of probe sets up the surface at the rock plate, and the negative pole setting is at the relative side surface corresponding position of rock plate.
Further, the formation crude oil supply device comprises an oil bottle, a formation crude oil pressurizer and a formation crude oil heater connected to the rock plate, which are connected in sequence; the displacement fluid injection device comprises a first water tank, a displacement fluid injection pressurizer and a displacement fluid injection heater, wherein the first water tank, the displacement fluid injection pressurizer and the displacement fluid injection heater are connected to the rock plate in sequence; the displacement fluid injection heater is also connected with a gas cylinder; the bottom water supply device comprises a second water tank, a bottom water pressurizer and a bottom water heater connected to the rock plate, which are connected in sequence.
Furthermore, the fluid collecting device comprises a flow storage tank, an oil-gas-water separator, an oil-gas-water collector and a weighing instrument which are sequentially connected; the weighing instrument is connected with the data collecting and processing device; the other ends of the production diameter simulation device and the production horizontal well simulation device are connected with a flow storage tank.
Furthermore, the outlet ends of the production vertical well simulation device and the production horizontal well simulation device are respectively provided with a back pressure valve; the devices in the formation crude oil supply device, the displacement fluid injection device and the bottom water supply device are connected through pipelines, and switches are arranged among the devices; the switch and the back pressure valve are both connected to the control device.
The simulation method of the large-scale high-temperature high-pressure simulation device for bottom water sandstone oil reservoir development comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing rock plate, preparing crude oil and water according to the oil reservoir condition to be simulated, and measuring the resistivity R of waterw；
Step 2: rock electricity calibration: carrying out rock-electricity calibration by utilizing the residual rock sample of the rock plate prepared in the step one or the rock sample homologous with the rock plate;
and step 3: injecting formation water by adopting a displacement fluid injection device and a bottom water supply device; the water injection is stopped when the water yield measured by the fluid collecting device is stable and the temperature, pressure and resistivity data collected by the data collecting and processing device are stable;
and 4, step 4: injecting formation crude oil into the rock plate by using a formation crude oil supply device to saturate the formation crude oil to establish irreducible water saturation; the fluid collecting device measures that water is not produced any more, the oil production amount is stable, and when the temperature, pressure and resistivity data collected by the data collecting and processing device are stable, oil injection is stopped;
and 5: setting rock plate simulation temperature and pressure conditions by using a clamp, and starting an experiment when the temperature and the pressure acquired by a data acquisition and processing device reach the simulation conditions;
step 6: opening a formation crude oil supply device and a bottom water supply device, and opening a displacement fluid injection device according to the simulation requirement; the data collection processing device collects the measurement data and analyzes the measurement data.
Further, the rock electricity calibration process in the step 2 is as follows:
performing crude oil water driving on a rock core which is saturated with formation water until a resistivity reading measured by a probe is read when crude oil appears at an outlet end, and collecting fluid at the outlet end;
respectively collecting the fluid flow of the outlet end every 10 seconds by using a test tube, and reading the resistivity reading at the end of 10 seconds;
reading the volume of each collected fluid, performing oil-water separation on each test tube, and reading the volume of formation water of each test tube;
the ratio of the volume of the formation water in each test tube to the total volume of the fluid in the test tube is the water saturation of the rock core at the moment, the resistivity read at the moment is the resistivity corresponding to the saturation of the rock core at the moment, and the calculation is carried out according to the following formula
And the value of n:
wherein a, b, m and n are constants, Ro、RtRespectively the formation resistivity at 100% water and the formation resistivity,
is porosity.
Further, the analysis process in step 6 is as follows:
s11: calculating the water saturation S of the stratumw：
Will be provided with
And the value of n is substituted into the formula, so that the relation between the stratum water saturation and the stratum resistivity can be obtained;
s12: according to the relation between the stratum water saturation and the stratum water resistivity obtained in the step S11, the data collection processing device (5) measures the obtained temperature and pressure data to obtain profile distribution data of temperature, pressure, water saturation and oil saturation; obtaining contour maps, namely section maps of temperature, pressure, water saturation and oil saturation by adopting an interpolation method;
s13: obtaining oil production and water production curves, and cumulative oil production, cumulative water production and water content curves of the production vertical well simulation device (13) according to the water production and the oil production;
s14: according to the curve obtained in the step S13 and the profile obtained in the step S12, the influence of the required reservoir type, the formation condition and different well type arrangements on the production can be obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention can provide the oil reservoir conditions with high temperature and high pressure more in line with the actual conditions, and the stratum crude oil supply device, the bottom water supply device and the foam steel can realize the simulation of stable pressure supply and integral bottom water lifting of infinite stratum;
(2) the simulation of various well types, various well patterns and various development modes is realized through different arrangements of a water injection well or a gas well, a production vertical well and a production horizontal well;
(3) the invention can realize real-time dynamic monitoring of the temperature, pressure and resistivity of the rock plate through the probe;
(4) the method can obtain the influence of different well types, well patterns, development modes and production measures on the fluid flow and saturation change in the reservoir.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the device body structure of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of saturation in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of saturation in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-formation crude oil supply device, 101-oil bottle, 102-formation crude oil pressurizer, 103-formation crude oil heater, 2-displacement fluid injection device, 201-first water tank, 202-displacement fluid injection pressurizer, 203-displacement fluid injection heater, 204-gas bottle, 3-bottom water supply device, 301-second water tank, 302-bottom water pressurizer, 303-bottom water heater, 4-fluid collection device, 401-storage tank, 402-oil-gas-water separator, 403-oil-gas-water collector, 404-weighing instrument, 5-data collection processing device, 6-negative pole, 7-positive pole, 8-foam steel, 9-dead plug, 10-interlayer device, 11-rock plate, 12-water injection or gas well simulation device, 13-production vertical well simulation device, 14-production horizontal well simulation device, 15-rubber sleeve and 16-model body.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the large-scale high-temperature high-pressure simulation device for bottom water sandstone oil reservoir development comprises a model body 16, wherein the model body 16 is arranged in a closed manner; the device also comprises a clamp holder used for heating and confining pressure on the rock plate 11 arranged in the device; the rock plate 11 is connected with one end of a water injection or gas well simulation device 12 and one end of a production vertical well simulation device 13 which are both vertically arranged, and one end of a production horizontal well simulation device 14 which is horizontally arranged; the other end of the water injection or gas well simulation device 12 is connected with the displacement fluid injection device 2; the other ends of the production vertical well simulation device 13 and the production horizontal well simulation device 14 are connected to the fluid collection device 4; the device also comprises a formation crude oil supply device 1 and a bottom water supply device 3 which are connected to the rock plate 11 through a plurality of interfaces; a data collection and processing device 5 is also included, the data collection and processing device 5 connecting the fluid collection device 4 and a probe attached to the surface of the rock 11 for measuring the temperature, pressure and resistivity of the rock 11. The probe is a temperature, pressure and resistivity three-in-one probe; two electrodes of each group of probes are respectively arranged at corresponding positions on the opposite sides of the rock plate 11; the probes are arranged in a plurality of groups, the probes are arranged in an array manner, 6 probes are arranged in each row, and 8 rows of probes are arranged to count 48 probes. Each probe controls an area of 100mm x 100 mm. The entire experimental rock 11 is sealed, heated and confined by a holder. The rock plate 11 collects rock samples according to experimental requirements, and other simulation devices are arranged according to the simulation requirements of an experimental well pattern and a development mode. The water injection or gas well simulation device 12 is sealed by a rubber sleeve 15 corresponding to the simulation well mouth arranged on the rock plate 11; the production vertical well simulation device 13 and the production horizontal well simulation device 14 are sealed by a rubber sleeve 15 corresponding to the simulated well mouth arranged on the rock plate 11.
The rock plate 11 can be arranged to be of a cuboid structure, the side face of the rock plate 11 connected to the formation crude oil supply device 1 and the bottom water supply device 3 is provided with foam steel 8, and the side face of the foam steel 8 is provided with a dead plug 9. The foam steel is permeable foam steel, and the joints are connected through interfaces; the bottom water and the formation crude oil enter the rock plate 11 in a permeation mode, and the simulation of stable pressure supply and integral bottom water lifting of an infinite formation can be realized. The dead plug 9 can prevent fluid at two ends of the foam steel 8 from entering along the boundary.
The middle part in the rock plate 11 is provided with an interlayer separating device 10; the number of the interlayer devices 10 is at least one, and the interlayer devices are half-shielding. Interlayer formation conditions may be simulated.
The formation crude oil supply device 1 comprises an oil bottle 101, a formation crude oil pressurizer 102 and a formation crude oil heater 103 which are connected to the water injection or gas well simulation device 12 in sequence; the displacement fluid injection device 2 includes a first water tank 201, a displacement fluid injection pressurizer 202, and a displacement fluid injection heater 203 connected to the rock 11, which are connected in this order; the displacement fluid injection heater 203 is also connected with a gas cylinder 204; the bottom water supply device 3 includes a second water tank 301, a bottom water pressurizer 302, and a bottom water heater 303 connected to the rock 11, which are connected in this order. The fluid collecting device 4 comprises a flow storage tank 401, an oil-gas-water separator 402, an oil-gas-water collector 403 and a weighing instrument 404 which are connected in sequence; the weighing instrument 404 is connected with the data collection and processing device 5; the other ends of the production diameter simulation device 13 and the production horizontal well simulation device 14 are connected with a flow storage tank 401. The outlet ends of the production vertical well simulation device 13 and the production horizontal well simulation device 14 are respectively provided with a back pressure valve; the devices in the formation crude oil supply device 1, the displacement fluid injection device 2 and the bottom water supply device 3 are connected through pipelines, and switches are arranged among the devices; the switch and the back pressure valve are both connected to the control device. In a specific simulation experiment, the type of the injection fluid (injection liquid or gas) of the displacement fluid injection device is selected according to the design of a development mode. The pressure and temperature of the fluid pressurizer and the fluid heater are set according to the conditions of the simulated formation. The displacement fluid injection heater 203, the formation crude oil heater 103 and the bottom water heater 303 are of the type KNCHEx-w, o-10 kw; the rock plate heaters provided in the holders are of the type GYXY1(GYJ1) -380/2. The setting of each switch can control the supply quantity and the injection quantity of the fluid, and the smoothness and the safety of the experimental process are ensured. The back pressure valve can control the output of the production well, and simulate the production measures of the actual oil field and the influence of the production measures on the oil-water distribution of the oil reservoir.
A simulation method of a large-scale high-temperature high-pressure simulation device for bottom water sandstone oil reservoir development comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing a rock plate 11, preparing formation crude oil and formation water according to reservoir conditions to be simulated, and measuring the formation water resistivity Rw；
Step 2: and carrying out rock electricity calibration by utilizing the residual rock sample for preparing the rock plate 11 or the rock sample homologous with the residual rock sample. The rock electricity calibration process can be carried out by adopting the existing displacement device, and the core used by the rock electricity calibration device is the core with the existing size.
The rock electricity calibration process comprises the following steps:
performing crude oil water driving on a rock core which is saturated with formation water until a resistivity reading measured by a probe is read when crude oil appears at an outlet end, and collecting fluid at the outlet end;
respectively collecting the fluid flow of the outlet end every 10 seconds by using a test tube, and reading the resistivity reading at the end of 10 seconds;
reading the volume of each collected fluid, performing oil-water separation on each test tube, and reading the volume of formation water of each test tube;
the ratio of the volume of the formation water in each test tube to the total volume of the fluid in the test tube is the water saturation of the rock core at the moment, the resistivity read at the moment is the resistivity corresponding to the saturation of the rock core at the moment, the data are led into a computer for fitting, and calculation is obtained according to the following formula (Archie's formula)
And the value of n:
wherein a, b, m and n are constants, Ro、RtRespectively the formation resistivity at 100% water and the formation resistivity,
is porosity.
And step 3: the device is connected and the prepared rock plate 11 is placed in a foam steel frame device in the simulation device (foam steel can be prepared in advance as a frame device for better fitting). And inserting a water injection or gas well simulation device 12, a production vertical well simulation device 13 and a production horizontal well simulation device 14 which are needed by simulation into the reserved drill holes of the rock plate 11. Interfaces are arranged at the joints of the water injection or gas well simulation device 12, the production vertical well simulation device 13 and the production horizontal well simulation device 14 and the surface of the rock plate 11, and the interfaces are sealed through rubber sleeves 15.
The formation crude oil supply device 1, the displacement fluid injection device 2, the bottom water supply device 3, the fluid collection device 4, the data collection and processing device 5 are connected, and internal components, fluid pipelines, switches, valves and data pipelines are connected. The attached device was checked for hermeticity and probe accuracy.
Injecting formation water by adopting a displacement fluid injection device 2 and a bottom water supply device 3; and when the water yield measured by the fluid collecting device 4 is stable and the temperature, pressure and resistivity data collected by the data collecting and processing device 5 are stable, stopping water injection. In this embodiment, three devices, namely a displacement pressure of 50MPa, a valve is closed after water injection is completed, and the displacement fluid injection device 2, the bottom water supply device 3, and the fluid collection device 4 are cleaned.
And 4, step 4: injecting stratum crude oil saturated stratum crude oil to establish irreducible water saturation by adopting a stratum crude oil supply device 1; the fluid collecting device 4 measures that water is not produced any more, the oil production amount is stable, and when the temperature, pressure and resistivity data collected by the data collecting and processing device 5 are stable, oil injection is stopped. After the oil injection is stopped, the valve is closed, and two devices of the fluid collecting device 4 of the formation crude oil supply device 1 are cleaned.
And 5: selecting the type of injected fluid and the temperature and pressure of the injected fluid according to the oil reservoir experiment simulation requirements, and checking the airtightness of the device and the accuracy of the probe; in this embodiment, the formation fluid pressurizer 102 is provided, and the pressure of the bottom water pressurizer 302 is 50 MPa; the formation fluid heater 103 is provided with a displacement fluid injection heater 203 and a bottom water heater 303 at a temperature of 160 c. The clamp is adopted to set the rock plate (11) to simulate temperature and pressure conditions (50MPa, 160 ℃), and the experiment is started when the temperature and the pressure collected by the data collecting and processing device (5) reach the simulated conditions.
Step 6: opening a formation crude oil supply device 1 and a bottom water supply device 3, and opening a displacement fluid injection device 2 according to simulation requirements; the data collection processing device 5 collects the measurement data and analyzes it.
All relate to the detaching device in the experimental process, all need inspection device gas tightness and probe accuracy afterwards, pay attention to analogue means's state and record data constantly, need to clear up experimental apparatus after the experiment is accomplished.
The rock sample can be selected according to the requirements of the simulation experiment. In the embodiment, the selected rock sample has large longitudinal prosody difference and heterogeneity. The interlayer separating devices 10 are distributed in the middle of the rock plate 11, and the number of the interlayer separating devices 10 is small and is half-shielding. The rock sample should be structurally complete and have low degree of surface weathering and denudation. The size of the rock sample is 800mm multiplied by 600mm multiplied by 50mm, and the smoothness of each end face of the rock sample is ensured when the rock sample is manufactured, and the structural defects such as unfilled corners and the like are avoided. The number and the positions of the simulation well arrangements are selected and drilled according to the requirements and the purposes of the experiment. The simulation device comprises 5 vertical well simulation interfaces and 7 horizontal well simulation interfaces. The vertical well simulation interface is positioned at the upper end of the rock plate 11, and the horizontal well simulation interface is positioned at the right side of the rock plate. When drilling the rock plate 11, the drilling location should correspond to the interface. When simulating well placement, the well positions are selected to be far away from the boundary position of the rock plate 11 as far as possible, the well position intervals are as large as possible, and minimum damage to rock samples is guaranteed during drilling.
In the two-phase flow condition evaluation experiment, if the oil reservoir wettability is known to be hydrophilic, the oil reservoir is cleaned by alcohol-benzene. If the oil reservoir is known to be oleophilic in wettability, it is cleaned with high-grade solvent gasoline. If the wettability of the oil reservoir is unknown, the crude oil of the oil reservoir needs to be used for restoring the wettability.
After the experiment is finished, the formation crude oil pressurizer 102, the body fluid injection pressurizer 202 and the bottom water pressurizer 302 are closed, the outlet end valve is closed, and pressure relief valves of the formation crude oil pressurizer 102, the body fluid injection pressurizer 202 and the bottom water pressurizer 302 are opened to relieve pressure. When the displacement pressure is reduced to the atmospheric pressure, the confining pump is closed, the valve is opened, the waste liquid bottle is used for receiving the water flowing out from the valve, and the confining pump is closed when no water flows out.
When the formation crude oil supply device, the displacement fluid injection device, the bottom water supply device and the probe are detached, fluid flows out from the device interface, and is caught by a waste liquid bottle, if the device is pure water or contains a small amount of oil, the rubber sleeve can be damaged, and if the device contains a large amount of oil, the rubber sleeve can be damaged. And (4) taking down the covers on the two sides of the model body 16 by using a spanner, taking out the rock plate 11, measuring the weight and measuring the downstream dead volume.
The downstream valve (the downstream end is the end of the fluid collection device 4) is opened to collect the effluent water, so as to ensure that the fluid in the downstream pipeline is completely discharged, and if necessary, the effluent water can be driven by gas, but the liquid in the upstream pipeline is completely discharged, and the volume of the effluent water is recorded, namely the dead volume of the downstream pipeline. Then the instrument is cleaned, paper towels are wound on the glass rod and extend into the formation crude oil pressurizer 102, the body fluid injection pressurizer 202 and the bottom water pressurizer 302, and stains in the formation crude oil pressurizer 102, the body fluid injection pressurizer 202 and the bottom water pressurizer 302 are wiped clean. The instrument and the tool are cleaned and returned, and the table top is kept clean and dry. And (4) checking and powering off the instrument, checking whether pressure is suppressed in each container and each pipeline, opening a corresponding emptying valve to release pressure if pressure is suppressed, and cutting off the power supply and the main power supply of each device. The rock 11 is cleaned and dried.
The analysis process comprises the following steps:
s11: calculating the water saturation S of the stratumw：
Establishing the relationship between the formation resistivity Rt and the formation water saturation Sw and the oil saturation So through an Archie formula:
wherein a, b, m and n are constants, F is formation coefficient, I is resistance increasing coefficient, and R iso、RtRespectively, formation resistivity at 100% water and formation resistivity;
is porosity; can be obtained by rock electricity calibration according to experimental data
And the value of n.
Obtained from the above formula:
s12: according to the relation between the stratum water saturation and the stratum water resistivity obtained in the step S11, the data collection processing device 5 measures the obtained temperature and pressure data to obtain profile distribution data of temperature, pressure, water saturation and oil saturation; obtaining contour maps, namely section maps of temperature, pressure, water saturation and oil saturation by adopting an interpolation method;
s13: obtaining oil production and water production curves, and cumulative oil production, cumulative water production and water content curves of the production vertical well simulation device 13 according to the water production and the oil production;
s14: according to the curve obtained in the step S13 and the profile obtained in the step S12, the influence of the required reservoir type, the formation condition and different well type arrangements on the production can be obtained.
The simulation device and the simulation method provided by the invention can realize large-scale rock plates, can be closer to the actual stratum pore permeation conditions than a sand filling box, and can realize simulation of various stratum conditions such as reservoir rhythm, interlayer and the like. The high-temperature and high-pressure conditions provided by the clamp holder are more in line with the actual oil reservoir conditions, and the stable pressure supply and the bottom water integral lifting simulation of an infinite stratum can be realized by a framework device consisting of the stratum crude oil supply device, the bottom water supply device and the foam steel. The simulation of various well types, various well patterns and various development modes is realized through different arrangements of the water injection or gas well simulation device 12, the production vertical well simulation device 13 and the production horizontal well simulation device 14. The three-in-one probe for temperature, pressure and resistivity can realize real-time dynamic monitoring of the rock plate 11. The influence of different well types, well patterns, development modes and production measures on the fluid flow and saturation change in the reservoir can be obtained through simulation.
Claims (10)
1. The large-scale high-temperature high-pressure simulation device for bottom water sandstone oil reservoir development is characterized by comprising a model body (16), wherein the model body (16) is arranged in a closed manner; the device also comprises a clamp holder used for heating and confining pressure on the rock plate (11) arranged in the device; the rock plate (11) is connected with one end of a water injection or gas well simulation device (12) and one end of a production vertical well simulation device (13) which are both vertically arranged, and one end of a production horizontal well simulation device (14) which is horizontally arranged; the other end of the water injection or gas well simulation device (12) is connected with a displacement fluid injection device (2); the other ends of the production vertical well simulator (13) and the production horizontal well simulator (14) are connected to the fluid collecting device (4); the device also comprises a formation crude oil supply device (1) and a bottom water supply device (3) which are connected to the rock plate (11) through a plurality of interfaces; and the device also comprises a data collection and processing device (5), and the data collection and processing device (5) is connected with the fluid collection device (4) and a probe which is connected to the surface of the rock plate (11) and is used for measuring the temperature, the pressure and the resistivity of the rock plate (11).
2. The large-scale high-temperature and high-pressure simulation device for bottom water sandstone oil reservoir development according to claim 1, wherein the side of the rock plate (11) connected to the formation crude oil supply device (1) and the bottom water supply device (3) is provided with foam steel (8), and the side of the foam steel (8) is provided with a dead plug (9).
3. The large-scale high-temperature and high-pressure simulation device for the development of the bottom water sandstone oil reservoir according to claim 1, wherein a separation interlayer device (10) is arranged in the middle of the rock plate (11); the number of the interlayer separating devices (10) is at least one, and the interlayer separating devices are half-shielding.
4. The large-scale high-temperature high-pressure simulation device for the development of the bottom water sandstone oil reservoir according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of probes are arranged on the surface of the rock plate (11) in an array manner; the positive pole (7) of the probe is arranged on the surface of the rock plate (11), and the negative pole (6) is arranged at the corresponding position on the opposite side surface of the rock plate (11).
5. The large-scale high-temperature and high-pressure simulation device for bottom water sandstone oil reservoir development according to claim 1, wherein the formation crude oil supply device (1) comprises an oil bottle (101), a formation crude oil pressurizer (102) and a formation crude oil heater (103) connected to a rock plate (11) which are connected in sequence; the displacement fluid injection device (2) comprises a first water tank (201), a displacement fluid injection pressurizer (202) and a displacement fluid injection heater (203) connected to the water injection or gas well simulation device (12) which are connected in sequence; the displacement fluid injection heater (203) is also connected with a gas cylinder (204); the bottom water supply device (3) comprises a second water tank (301), a bottom water pressurizer (302) and a bottom water heater (303) connected to the rock plate (11) which are connected in sequence.
6. The large-scale high-temperature and high-pressure simulation device for bottom water sandstone oil reservoir development according to claim 1, wherein the fluid collection device (4) comprises a flow storage tank (401), an oil-gas-water separator (402), an oil-gas-water collector (403) and a weighing instrument (404) which are connected in sequence; the weighing instrument (404) is connected with the data collecting and processing device (5); the other ends of the production diameter simulation device (13) and the production horizontal well simulation device (14) are connected with a flow storage tank (401).
7. The bottom water sandstone reservoir development large-scale high-temperature and high-pressure simulation device according to claim 5, wherein the outlet ends of the production vertical well simulation device (13) and the production horizontal well simulation device (14) are respectively provided with a back pressure valve; the devices in the formation crude oil supply device (1), the displacement fluid injection device (2) and the bottom water supply device (3) are connected through pipelines, and switches are arranged among the devices; the switch and the back pressure valve are both connected to the control device.
8. The simulation method of any one of the bottom water sandstone oil reservoirs development large-scale high-temperature and high-pressure simulation devices of claim 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: preparing a rock plate (11), preparing formation crude oil and formation water according to reservoir conditions to be simulated, and measuring the formation water resistivity Rw；
Step 2: carrying out rock electricity calibration by utilizing the residual rock sample of the rock plate (11) prepared in the step one or the rock sample homologous with the residual rock sample;
and step 3: injecting formation water by adopting a displacement fluid injection device (2) and a bottom water supply device (3); when the water yield measured by the fluid collecting device (4) is stable and the temperature, pressure and resistivity data collected by the data collecting and processing device (5) are stable, stopping water injection;
and 4, step 4: injecting formation crude oil into the rock plate (11) by adopting the formation crude oil supply device (1) to saturate the formation crude oil until the irreducible water saturation is established; the fluid collecting device (4) measures that water is not produced any more, the oil production amount is stable, and when the temperature, pressure and resistivity data collected by the data collecting and processing device (5) are stable, oil injection is stopped;
and 5: the clamp is adopted to set the rock plate (11) to simulate the temperature and pressure conditions, and the experiment is started when the temperature and the pressure collected by the data collecting and processing device (5) reach the simulated conditions;
step 6: opening a formation crude oil supply device (1) and a bottom water supply device (3), and opening a displacement fluid injection device (2) according to simulation requirements; the data collection processing device (5) collects the measurement data and analyzes the data.
9. The simulation method for the large-scale high-temperature and high-pressure simulation device for the development of the bottom water sandstone oil reservoir according to claim 8, wherein the rock-electricity calibration process in the step 2 is as follows:
performing crude oil water driving on a rock core which is saturated with formation water until a resistivity reading measured by a probe is read when crude oil appears at an outlet end, and collecting fluid at the outlet end;
respectively collecting the fluid flow of the outlet end every 10 seconds by using a test tube, and reading the resistivity reading at the end of 10 seconds;
reading the volume of each collected fluid, performing oil-water separation on each test tube, and reading the volume of formation water of each test tube;
the ratio of the volume of the formation water in each test tube to the total volume of the fluid in the test tube is the water saturation of the rock core at the moment, the resistivity read at the moment is the resistivity corresponding to the saturation of the rock core at the moment, and the calculation is carried out according to the following formula
And the value of n:
wherein a, b, m and n are constants, Ro、RtRespectively the formation resistivity at 100% water and the formation resistivity,
is porosity.
10. The simulation method for the large-scale high-temperature and high-pressure simulation device for the development of the bottom water sandstone oil reservoir according to claim 9, wherein the analysis process in the step 6 is as follows:
s11: calculating the water saturation S of the stratumw：
Will be provided with
And the value of n is substituted into the formula, so that the relation between the stratum water saturation and the stratum resistivity can be obtained;
s12: according to the relation between the stratum water saturation and the stratum water resistivity obtained in the step S11, the data collection processing device (5) measures the obtained temperature and pressure data to obtain profile distribution data of temperature, pressure, water saturation and oil saturation; obtaining contour maps, namely section maps of temperature, pressure, water saturation and oil saturation by adopting an interpolation method;
s13: obtaining oil production and water production curves, and cumulative oil production, cumulative water production and water content curves of the production vertical well simulation device (13) according to the water production and the oil production;
s14: according to the curve obtained in the step S13 and the profile obtained in the step S12, the influence of the required reservoir type, the formation condition and different well type arrangements on the production can be obtained.
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