CN112812612B - Building wave-absorbing coating based on magnesium oxide excited steel slag and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Building wave-absorbing coating based on magnesium oxide excited steel slag and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of solid waste resources, and provides a building wave-absorbing coating based on magnesium oxide excited steel slag and a preparation method thereof, wherein the building wave-absorbing coating comprises the following raw materials: 200 portions and 300 portions of steel slag; 20-40 parts of waste foam particles; 50-70 parts of waste rubber powder; 20-30 parts of magnesium oxide; 10-15 parts of a water reducing agent; and 90-150 parts of blending water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, adding magnesium oxide serving as an exciting agent into mixing water, and performing ultrasonic stirring treatment to prepare a uniformly dispersed magnesium oxide aqueous solution; secondly, adding the mixture of the steel slag, the waste foam particles and the waste rubber particles into a magnesium oxide aqueous solution for stirring, and exciting the steel slag cementing material slurry by the stirred magnesium oxide to pour into a mold; and finally, maintaining the sample in an air environment and then removing the mold. The building wave-absorbing coating of the magnesium oxide excited steel slag has the advantages of low production cost, good electromagnetic wave-absorbing performance, contribution to promoting the comprehensive utilization of solid waste resources such as steel slag and the like, and obvious environmental protection, economy and engineering application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of solid waste resources, relates to a building wave-absorbing coating, and particularly relates to a wave-absorbing coating based on magnesium oxide excited steel slag and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of modern wireless communication technologies such as 5G, urban power systems and industrial systems, electromagnetic waves are used as the most common wireless information carriers in the aspects of daily life of residents, wireless communication, electronic equipment and the like, and the quality of life of human beings is greatly improved. Meanwhile, a large amount of electromagnetic waves are generated by electromagnetic induction in power facilities such as urban high-voltage power grid systems, electric power traffic systems, large-scale industrial equipment and the like, and daily household articles such as electromagnetic ovens, microwave ovens, computers and the like also generate electromagnetic waves, so that urban spaces in human life are filled with a large amount of electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic wave pollution such as electromagnetic interference and the like is caused, and the electromagnetic wave pollution becomes a fourth large pollution source following atmospheric pollution, water pollution and noise pollution at present.
The electromagnetic wave pollution mainly comprises electromagnetic information interference, electromagnetic information leakage, human health hazards and the like. In the aspect of electromagnetic information interference, the electromagnetic waves mainly carry information by modulating the frequency, amplitude, phase and the like of the electromagnetic waves, and the information is obtained by receiving and inverting the information in a terminal conversion mode. On the one hand, if the electromagnetic wave carrying information encounters electromagnetic waves with similar wavelength, amplitude and frequency in the propagation process, interference, diffraction and other phenomena can occur, which causes information errors of the electromagnetic waves received by the terminal, and causes signal differences, navigation deviation, wireless command failures and the like of the television telephone. On the other hand, electromagnetic waves radiated by political, military and economic key institutions or facilities carry a large amount of confidential information, and if the electromagnetic waves are intercepted and decoded by a spy, immeasurable loss can be caused. In addition, when electromagnetic waves pass through the human body, internal organs are heated, endocrine disorders of the internal organs are caused, and symptoms such as dizziness, sleepiness, hypomnesis and the like are caused. Even damaging cell tissues and even DNA structures after being in an electromagnetic wave environment for a long time, and causing unrecoverable damage including nervous system diseases, cardiovascular diseases, reproductive system diseases, immune system diseases and the like.
In response to the increasing electromagnetic wave pollution, various countermeasures are adopted to reduce or eliminate the electromagnetic wave pollution. According to different principles, the electromagnetic shielding technology and the electromagnetic wave absorbing technology are mainly classified, and the electromagnetic shielding technology is mainly used for ensuring that a local space is not influenced by external electromagnetic waves and cannot essentially eliminate the electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic wave absorbing technology mainly adopts a wave absorbing material to convert electromagnetic wave energy into heat energy through modes of dielectric loss, magnetic loss, resistance loss and the like, and the heat energy is dissipated, so that the electromagnetic wave pollution of a space is purified. At present, the main wave-absorbing coating material is applied to the fields of stealth coatings of fighters, surface layer protection of precision facilities and the like, the wave-absorbing coating is less researched and applied in the field of building materials, and the cement concrete added with the wave-absorbing agent has strength reduction in different degrees, so that the development of a new wave-absorbing coating material for civil buildings has important application value for treating urban electromagnetic wave pollution.
The electromagnetic wave absorbing material is divided into a wave absorbing coating material and a structural wave absorbing material. The wave-absorbing coating material is mainly used for military stealth such as stealth coatings of fighters and the like, and for protection of precision equipment such as part electromagnetic protection and the like, and the material has good wave-absorbing effect, but has high production cost, poor durability and low strength, and is rarely applied in the field of civil buildings at present.
Steel slag is a by-product of the steel-making process. It is composed of various oxides formed by oxidizing impurities in pig iron, such as silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, etc. in the smelting process, and salts generated by the reaction of these oxides and solvent. The mineral composition of the steel slag is mainly tricalcium silicate, and then dicalcium silicate, RO phase, dicalcium ferrite and free calcium oxide. At present, the annual increment of Chinese steel slag is about more than 1.2 hundred million tons, the annual stock quantity is huge, the current comprehensive utilization rate is about 25 percent, and a large amount of stockpiled slag needs to be treated urgently. In the aspect of comprehensive utilization of steel slag resources, the cementing material is mainly prepared in an alkali excitation mode at present, and the research on the aspect of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials is very little. The steel slag cementing material contains a large amount of metal oxide components such as Ca, Al, Fe, Mn and the like, so that polarization is easily generated in an electromagnetic field, electromagnetic wave energy can be effectively dissipated through polarization and relaxation, and heat energy obtained by electromagnetic wave energy conversion can also keep indoor temperature, so that solid waste resources such as steel slag and the like can be used as a matrix material of the electromagnetic wave absorbing cementing material, and the steel slag cementing material has good economic benefit and environmental protection benefit.
The invention relates to a building wave-absorbing coating based on magnesium oxide excited steel slag and a preparation method thereof, wherein slag is used as a main raw material, metal oxide components in the steel slag are fully utilized, and a cementing material is prepared by activating the steel slag through magnesium oxide, so that the building wave-absorbing coating with low production cost and good wave-absorbing effect is obtained, and the building wave-absorbing coating has remarkable innovation significance, environmental protection and engineering practical value and very wide market prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a building wave-absorbing coating based on magnesium oxide excited steel slag and a preparation method thereof. The material adopts magnesium oxide as an excitant, fully utilizes silicon-aluminum active ingredients and metal oxide ingredients in steel slag to prepare a cementing material with electromagnetic wave absorbing performance, aims to comprehensively utilize solid waste resource steel slag to produce a building wave absorbing coating, obviously reduces production cost, has better electromagnetic wave absorbing effect and obtains a novel low-cost building wave absorbing coating.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a building wave-absorbing coating based on magnesium oxide excited steel slag is a novel cementing material, can be coated on the surface of a building outer wall, converts a large amount of incident electromagnetic wave capacity into heat energy, can reduce electromagnetic wave pollution in the environment, and also has certain warming and warming effects. The steel slag foam material mainly comprises steel slag, waste foam particles, waste rubber powder, a reinforcing agent, a water reducing agent and water;
the requirements of the raw materials for each component are as follows:
steel slag: the by-product of blast furnace iron-smelting is formed from various oxides formed from impurities of silicon, manganese, phosphorus and sulfur in pig iron by oxidation in the course of smelting and salts produced by reaction of these oxides with solvent. The main components comprise: SiO 22、CaO、Al2O3、Fe2O3、MnO2MgO, etc., and the particle size distribution range of the particles is 10-80 μm.
Waste foam particles: the main component of the waste foam after various packaging and dismantling is expandable polystyrene, the particle diameter range of the particles is 1-3mm, and the relative density range is 0.9g/cm3-1.1g/cm3。
Waste rubber powder: the particle size of the rubber powder processed by the waste tires is 0.2mm-0.8 mm.
Magnesium oxide: the excitant can effectively excite the active ingredients in the slag and improve the strength of the cementing material.
Water reducing agent: the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent can uniformly disperse the red mud and slag particles, improve the excitation effect and reduce the unit water consumption.
Mixing water: the main performance indexes of the common tap water meet the regulations of the industry standard of concrete water standard JGJ 63.
By combining the test performance indexes, the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight:
200 portions and 300 portions of steel slag;
20-40 parts of waste foam particles;
50-70 parts of waste rubber powder;
20-30 parts of magnesium oxide;
10-15 parts of a water reducing agent;
90-150 parts of mixing water;
the quality tolerance of the raw materials is as follows: steel slag: plus or minus 1 percent; waste foam particles: plus or minus 1 percent; waste rubber powder: plus or minus 1 percent; reinforcing agent: plus or minus 0.5 percent; water reducing agent: plus or minus 0.5 percent; mixing water: plus or minus 1 percent.
The preparation method of the magnesium oxide excited steel slag-based building wave-absorbing coating comprises the following steps:
firstly, adding accurately weighed reinforcing agent magnesium oxide and water reducing agent into accurately weighed mixing water, and performing ultrasonic treatment under the stirring condition to obtain a uniformly dispersed aqueous solution. The ultrasonic power is 300W, and the ultrasonic time is 3 min.
Secondly, accurately weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, adding the steel slag, the waste foam particles and the waste rubber powder into a stirring pot, uniformly stirring, adding the uniform aqueous solution prepared in the first step, stirring at the speed of 120r/min for 120-170 s, stirring at the speed of 60r/min for 60-90 s, and smearing the slurry obtained by stirring on a stirring pan with the thickness of 200 multiplied by 5mm3Scraping redundant slurry on the periphery of the steel grinding tool;
and step three, performing standard maintenance on the composite gel coating prepared in the step two for 2 days, then removing a mold, continuing to perform maintenance in an air environment to a corresponding age, and then performing correlation performance testing, wherein the maintenance temperature is as follows: 40 +/-3 ℃, relative humidity: 60 +/-10 percent.
Referring to a method for testing the performance of JC/T2499-.
Compared with the conventional building exterior coating, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the novel wave-absorbing building coating is prepared from solid waste resources such as steel slag and the like, has the characteristics of low production cost, good wave-absorbing effect and the like, and has remarkable engineering application value in the aspects of comprehensively utilizing the solid waste resources, purifying the living space of urban residents and the like.
(2) The industrial solid waste resource steel slag and the like are applied to the wave-absorbing coating, wherein the steel slag comprises the following components in percentage by weight: waste foam particles: when the mass ratio of the waste rubber powder is 30:4:7, the frequency width of the magnesium oxide excited steel slag-based building wave-absorbing coating which is cured for 28 days and has the electromagnetic wave reflectivity lower than-7 dB (the electromagnetic wave absorption exceeds 80%) in the range of 2-18GHz reaches 4.7GHz, and the lowest reflectivity of-14.8 dB is obtained at the position of 4.2GHz, so that the magnesium oxide excited steel slag-based building wave-absorbing coating has better civil value. The building wave-absorbing coating prepared by the invention has low production cost and good wave-absorbing effect, and has obvious innovative environmental protection significance and engineering application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bow reflex process.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
example 1
Steel slag: 200 parts of a side product produced in the production of the saddle steel group steel, with the average particle size of 10-30 mu m.
Waste foam particles: expanded polystyrene waste foam particles having an average particle diameter of 1mm and an average relative density of 0.9g/cm3And 20 parts.
Waste rubber powder: 50 portions of crushed and ground particles with the average particle size of 0.2mm are made of the waste tires.
Magnesium oxide: 20 portions of analytically pure product produced by Kemiou chemical reagent limited company of Tianjin.
Water reducing agent: 10 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Mixing water: 90 portions of Dalian city tap water.
The preparation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the steps of adding accurately weighed magnesium oxide into accurately weighed mixing water by using magnesium oxide as an exciting agent, placing the mixture in an ultrasonic environment, and carrying out ultrasonic and stirring treatment for 3min under the condition of 300W of ultrasonic power to obtain a uniformly dispersed magnesium oxide aqueous solution.
Accurately weighing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio of the raw materials, adding the steel slag, the waste foam particles and the waste rubber particles into a stirring pot, uniformly stirring, adding the prepared uniformly dispersed magnesium oxide aqueous solution, stirring at the speed of 130r/min for 120s, stirring at the speed of 70r/min for 60s, exciting steel slag cementing material slurry by the stirred magnesium oxide, pouring the slurry into a mold, and scraping the redundant slurry on the surface.
And (3) performing standard maintenance on the prepared sample for 2 days, then removing the mold, and performing correlation performance test after continuing to maintain the sample in an air environment to a corresponding age, wherein the maintenance temperature is as follows: 40 ± 3 ℃, relative humidity: 60 +/-10 percent.
Example 2
Steel slag: 250 portions of side product produced by the steel production of the saddle steel group, with the average grain diameter of 30-50 mu m.
Waste foam particles: expanded polystyrene waste foam particles with an average particle diameter of 2mm and a relative density range of 1.0g/cm3And 30 parts.
Waste rubber powder: 60 portions of crushed and ground particles with the average grain diameter of 0.5mm of the waste tires.
Magnesium oxide: 25 portions of pure analytical product produced by Kemiou chemical reagent limited company of Tianjin.
Water reducing agent: 13 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Mixing water: 120 parts of Dalian city tap water.
The preparation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the steps of adding accurately weighed magnesium oxide into accurately weighed mixing water by using magnesium oxide as an exciting agent, placing the mixture in an ultrasonic environment, and carrying out ultrasonic and stirring treatment for 3min under the condition of 300W of ultrasonic power to obtain a uniformly dispersed magnesium oxide aqueous solution.
Accurately weighing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio of the raw materials, adding the steel slag, the waste foam particles and the waste rubber particles into a stirring pot, uniformly stirring, adding the prepared uniformly dispersed magnesium oxide aqueous solution, stirring at the speed of 130r/min for 150s, stirring at the speed of 70r/min for 75s, exciting steel slag cementing material slurry by the stirred magnesium oxide, pouring the slurry into a mold, and scraping the redundant slurry on the surface.
And (3) performing standard maintenance on the prepared sample for 2 days, then removing the mold, and performing correlation performance test after continuing to maintain the sample in an air environment to a corresponding age, wherein the maintenance temperature is as follows: 40 ± 3 ℃, relative humidity: 60 +/-10 percent.
Example 3
Steel slag: the side product of the saddle steel group steel production, the average particle diameter is 60-80 μm, 300 parts.
Waste foam particles: expanded polystyrene waste foam particles having an average particle diameter of 3mm and a relative density in the range of 1.1g/cm3And 40 parts.
Waste rubber powder: 70 portions of crushed and ground particles of the waste tires with the average particle size of 0.8 mm.
Magnesium oxide: 30 portions of analytically pure product produced by Kemiou chemical reagent limited company of Tianjin.
Water reducing agent: 15 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Mixing water: 150 parts of Dalian city tap water.
The preparation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the steps of adding accurately weighed magnesium oxide into accurately weighed mixing water by using magnesium oxide as an exciting agent, placing the mixture in an ultrasonic environment, and carrying out ultrasonic and stirring treatment for 3min under the condition of 300W of ultrasonic power to obtain a uniformly dispersed magnesium oxide aqueous solution.
Accurately weighing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio of the raw materials, adding the steel slag, the waste foam particles and the waste rubber particles into a stirring pot, uniformly stirring, adding the prepared uniformly dispersed magnesium oxide aqueous solution, stirring at the speed of 130r/min for 70s, stirring at the speed of 70r/min for 90s, exciting steel slag cementing material slurry by the stirred magnesium oxide, pouring the slurry into a mold, and scraping the redundant slurry on the surface.
And (3) performing standard maintenance on the prepared sample for 2 days, then removing the mold, and performing correlation performance test after continuing to maintain the sample in an air environment to a corresponding age, wherein the maintenance temperature is as follows: 40 ± 3 ℃, relative humidity: 60 +/-10 percent.
And (3) performing standard maintenance on the prepared sample for 2 days, then removing the mold, and performing correlation performance test after continuing to maintain the sample in an air environment to a corresponding age, wherein the maintenance temperature is as follows: 40 ± 3 ℃, relative humidity: 60 +/-10 percent. With reference to the test method of the electromagnetic wave absorption performance of JC/T2499-2018 building material, the materials prepared in examples 1-3 arePrepared magnesium oxide excited steel slag-based building wave-absorbing coating (200 multiplied by 5mm)3) The microwave-absorbing material is placed in a microwave-absorbing dark room, the microwave-absorbing performance of the microwave-absorbing material is tested by an arched reflection method, the reflectivity of the electromagnetic wave is taken as the index of the microwave-absorbing performance, wherein the schematic diagram of the arched reflection method is shown in figure 1, and the test results of the embodiment are shown in table 1. When the mass ratio of the steel slag to the waste rubber particles to the waste foam particles is 30: 4; 7 (example 3), the frequency width of the magnesium oxide excited steel slag-based building wave-absorbing coating cured for 28 days, with the electromagnetic wave reflectivity lower than-7 dB (the electromagnetic wave absorption amount is about 80%), reaches 4.7GHz, the lowest reflectivity is-14.8 dB, and the coating has a good electromagnetic wave-absorbing effect.
Table 1: electromagnetic wave absorbing performance of magnesium oxide excited steel slag-based building wave absorbing coating
| Lowest electromagnetic wave reflectivity (dB) | Bandwidth (GHz) with reflectivity lower than-7 dB | |
| Example 1 | -13.1 | 4.3 |
| Example 2 | -12.7 | 4.1 |
| Example 3 | -14.8 | 4.7 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the magnesium oxide excited steel slag-based building wave-absorbing coating disclosed by the invention can absorb more than 80% of incident electromagnetic wave energy with the electromagnetic wave reflectivity lower than-7 dB in a wider frequency range (>4GHz), and the production raw materials are steel slag, waste rubber, waste foam and other solid waste resources, so that the comprehensive utilization of the solid waste resources and the purification of urban living space are realized.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are based on the overall concept of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, improvement or substitution made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A building wave-absorbing coating based on magnesium oxide excited steel slag is characterized in that the building wave-absorbing coating is a novel cementing material, can be coated on the surface of an outer wall of a building, converts the incident electromagnetic wave capability into heat energy, and plays a role in warming and keeping warm while reducing the electromagnetic wave pollution in the environment; the steel slag foam material mainly comprises steel slag, waste foam particles, waste rubber powder, a reinforcing agent, a water reducing agent and water;
the raw materials are combined with the test performance indexes, and the requirements and the parts by weight of the raw materials are as follows:
steel slag: 200-300 parts; a by-product of blast furnace iron-making,
waste foam particles: 20-40 parts; the main component of the waste foam after various packaging and dismantling is expandable polystyrene;
waste rubber powder: 50-70 parts; the rubber powder is prepared by processing waste tires, and the particle size range of the waste rubber powder particles is 0.2-0.8 mm;
magnesium oxide: 20-30 parts of a solvent; as an excitant, the active ingredients in the slag can be effectively excited, and the strength of the cementing material is improved;
water reducing agent: 10-15 parts; the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is used for uniformly dispersing the red mud and slag particles, improving the excitation effect and reducing the unit water consumption;
mixing water: 90-150 parts; ordinary tap water;
the quality tolerance of the raw materials is as follows: steel slag: plus or minus 1 percent; waste foam particles: plus or minus 1 percent; waste rubber powder: plus or minus 1 percent; reinforcing agent: plus or minus 0.5 percent; water reducing agent: plus or minus 0.5 percent; mixing water: plus or minus 1 percent.
2. The building wave-absorbing coating based on the magnesium oxide excited steel slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size distribution range of the steel slag particles is 10-80 μm.
3. The building wave-absorbing coating based on magnesium oxide-excited steel slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size range of the waste foam particles is 1-3mm, and the relative density range is 0.9g/cm3-1.1 g/cm3。
4. A preparation method of the magnesium oxide excited steel slag-based building wave-absorbing coating of any one of claims 1 to 3 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, adding accurately weighed reinforcing agent magnesium oxide and water reducing agent into accurately weighed mixing water, and performing ultrasonic and stirring treatment to obtain a uniformly dispersed aqueous solution;
secondly, accurately weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, adding the steel slag, the waste foam particles and the waste rubber powder into a stirring pot, uniformly stirring, adding the uniform aqueous solution prepared in the first step, stirring at the speed of 120r/min for 120-170 s, stirring at the speed of 60r/min for 60-90 s, coating the slurry obtained by stirring on a steel grinding tool, and scraping the peripheral redundant slurry;
and step three, performing standard maintenance on the composite gel coating prepared in the step two for 2 days, then removing a mold, continuing to perform maintenance in an air environment to a corresponding age, and then performing correlation performance testing, wherein the maintenance temperature is as follows: 40 ± 3 ℃, relative humidity: 60 +/-10 percent.
5. The preparation method of the building wave-absorbing coating based on the magnesium oxide excited steel slag as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the first step, the ultrasonic power is 300W, and the ultrasonic time is 3 min.
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