CN108164240B - Environment-friendly mortar capable of absorbing electromagnetic waves - Google Patents
Environment-friendly mortar capable of absorbing electromagnetic waves Download PDFInfo
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- CN108164240B CN108164240B CN201810051765.6A CN201810051765A CN108164240B CN 108164240 B CN108164240 B CN 108164240B CN 201810051765 A CN201810051765 A CN 201810051765A CN 108164240 B CN108164240 B CN 108164240B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00258—Electromagnetic wave absorbing or shielding materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and relates to an environment-friendly mortar for absorbing electromagnetic waves prepared by using industrial solid wastes. The mortar consists of 35-40 wt% of powder, 45-50 wt% of fine aggregate, 10-15 wt% of liquid material and 0.15-0.3 wt% of fiber, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the above components is 100%. The composite excitant for the mortar excites the gelling activity of slag, makes full use of solid waste to change waste into valuable, and reduces environmental pollution; iron ore, barite, graphite powder, barium ferrite powder and boron nitride are doped to absorb electromagnetic waves; the toughness and crack resistance of the mortar are enhanced by adding polypropylene fibers with stable chemical properties. The invention not only utilizes solid waste to reduce carbon dioxide emission and protect environment, but also can obviously improve the wave-absorbing performance of the mortar.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and relates to an environment-friendly mortar for absorbing electromagnetic waves prepared by using industrial solid wastes.
Background
The great progress of modern science and technology promotes the rapid development of various electronic products. Electronic products such as mobile phones, computers and the like are widely applied to the industrial, civil and military fields, the industrial production efficiency is improved, and great convenience is brought to human life. However, the wide application of electronic products generates a large amount of electromagnetic waves, which form electromagnetic radiation and pollute the environment. Electromagnetic pollution includes two aspects: firstly, the influence on human health indicates that long-term electromagnetic radiation can induce cancer; secondly, the electromagnetic interference to various electronic instruments and equipment causes the control failure of information error and even serious production accidents.
The safety protection problem of electromagnetic waves causes wide attention and attention of human society, and electromagnetic shielding is commonly used for protection. However, electromagnetic shielding brings the disadvantage of high reflection of electromagnetic waves, and the harm of electromagnetic radiation cannot be solved from the source. To ensure the health of people living in buildings, building materials that absorb electromagnetic waves must be developed and used. Absorbing electromagnetic waves means absorbing or attenuating incident electromagnetic wave energy, and converting the electromagnetic energy into heat energy or other forms by means of loss of the material medium, so as to finally ensure that the electromagnetic waves do not penetrate through the material. The mortar is a basic material in the field of building engineering, can achieve the effect of absorbing electromagnetic waves by doping the mortar with materials with special functions, and is an electromagnetic wave absorption method with simple construction process.
The application publication No. CN106517915A Chinese patent 'preparation method of double-layer cement-based wave-absorbing material' prepares the double-layer cement-based wave-absorbing material by using cement-based mortar doped with expanded perlite as a matching layer and cement-based material doped with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and FP type ferrite as a wave-absorbing layer; chinese patent application publication No. CN107032703A, namely a cement-based wave-absorbing material compounded by ferroferric oxide and fly ash hollow microspheres and a preparation method thereof, discloses a method for preparing the cement-based wave-absorbing material, which consists of an absorption layer and a matching layer, wherein the absorption layer comprises cement, quartz sand, water and a wave-absorbing agent, and the wave-absorbing agent consists of nano ferroferric oxide and fly ash hollow microsphere powder; the matching layer comprises expanded perlite, cement and water, and is poured on the absorption layer, the thickness of the absorption layer reaches 20-30 mm, and the thickness of the matching layer is 10-15 mm.
China is a large country for producing and consuming cement, the production capacity and the consumption of the cement are always in the first place of the world for many years, and the emission of carbon dioxide generated by the cement causes serious damage to the environment and the ecology. The current chinese government is adopting a series of corresponding laws and regulations to prohibit or restrict the production and use of cement. The environmental-friendly cementing material is found to completely or partially replace cement in mortar, so that the use of cement is reduced or even avoided, and the requirement for maintaining green water and green mountains is urgent.
Granulated blast furnace slag is a solid waste produced in steel smelting and has potential gelling properties. The potential gelling activity of the cement is stimulated to replace the cement by adding the excitant and other mineral materials in a certain proportion, the performance of the mortar is ensured, the waste is changed into valuable, the resource is recycled, and the land occupation and pollution of solid wastes are reduced, so that the important aspect of realizing sustainable development is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects at present, the invention provides the environment-friendly mortar for absorbing the electromagnetic waves, which is prepared by effectively utilizing industrial solid wastes.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: an environment-friendly mortar capable of absorbing electromagnetic waves is characterized in that: the mortar consists of 35-40 wt% of powder, 45-50 wt% of fine aggregate, 10-15 wt% of liquid material and 0.15-0.3 wt% of fiber, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%; wherein: the powder material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 45-55 parts of slag, 10-15 parts of fly ash, 6-10 parts of gypsum, 1.6-3.0 parts of sodium carbonate, 3.0-5.0 parts of sodium silicate, 6.0-9.0 parts of graphite powder, 9-15 parts of barium ferrite powder, 6-10 parts of boron nitride and 1-3 parts of dispersing agent; the fine aggregate comprises machine-made sand and barite sand, and the weight ratio of the components is 60 percent of the machine-made sand and 40 percent of the barite sand; the liquid material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 93-95.2 parts of water, 0.8-2.0 parts of water reducing agent and 2.0-5.0 parts of shrinkage reducing agent.
The slag of the invention is water-quenched blast furnace slag with a specific surface area of not less than 400m2/kg。
The fly ash is first-grade fly ash.
The gypsum of the invention is dihydrate desulfurized gypsum.
The graphite powder has the granularity of 1-20 microns and the carbon content of more than 90%.
The barium ferrite powder has the granularity of 10-25 microns and the specific surface area of not less than 400m2/kg。
The specific surface area of the boron nitride is not less than 6500m2/kg。
The dispersant is powdered sodium hexametaphosphate with the molecular formula of (NaPO)3)6。
The fine aggregate comprises machine-made sand and barite sand, wherein the machine-made sand is iron tailings generated in metal mining, the fineness modulus is 2.4-2.6, the powder content is 8-12%, and the fine aggregate does not contain mud; the barite sand has fineness modulus of 2.9, particle size of 0-2.5 mm and chemical component BaSO4•2H2O。
The water of the present invention is obtained from local tap water.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, and the shrinkage reducing agent is a polyether shrinkage reducing agent.
The fiber is polypropylene fiber, the diameter is 15-30 micrometers, and the length is 5-10 millimeters.
The invention has the advantages and effects that: the solid waste iron tailings generated in mining are used for manufacturing the machine-made sand, so that the environmental pollution of the solid waste is reduced; the sodium silicate and the sodium carbonate are utilized to stimulate the gelling activity of the mixture of the slag and the gypsum, so that portland cement is not used at all, the emission of carbon dioxide is reduced, the environment is protected, and the waste is changed into valuable; the addition of the fly ash reduces the hydration heat of the mortar and avoids the generation of microcracks. The mortar doped with the steel fibers is easy to be corroded by chloride ions in the air in the using process to cause rusting and cracking, and the effect of absorbing electromagnetic waves cannot be achieved, so that the toughness and the crack resistance of the mortar are enhanced by doping the polypropylene fibers with good chemical stability. The dispersant is added to improve the homogeneity of the mortar and prevent the settlement and agglomeration of mortar particles. The proposed mortar formula makes full use of solid waste and reduces environmental pollution.
The mortar is doped with a plurality of composite wave-absorbing materials such as graphite powder, boron nitride, barite, barium ferrite powder, iron ore and the like to absorb electromagnetic waves, so that the reliability of the mortar for absorbing the electromagnetic waves and the durability of the mortar in the using process are ensured.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the invention: the present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1 an environment-friendly mortar for absorbing electromagnetic waves, which comprises, by weight, 35% of powder, 50% of fine aggregate, 14.7% of liquid and 0.3% of polypropylene fibers. Wherein: the powder consists of the following components, by weight, 45 parts of slag, 10 parts of fly ash, 6 parts of gypsum, 1.6 parts of sodium carbonate, 3.5 parts of sodium silicate, 9 parts of graphite powder, 15 parts of barium ferrite powder, 8.5 parts of boron nitride and 1.4 parts of a dispersing agent; the fine aggregate comprises the following components in percentage by weight: iron ore machine-made sand 60, barite sand 40; the liquid material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95 parts of water, 1.5 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent and 3.5 parts of polyether shrinkage reducing agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing and stirring the powder and the polypropylene fiber for 5 minutes to fully and uniformly mix the materials, then putting the fine aggregate into the uniformly mixed powder for dry stirring for 3 minutes, and then adding water, the water reducing agent and the shrinkage reducing agent for continuously stirring for 5 minutes.
In the above embodiment 1, the indexes are detected according to JGT/T70-2009 "standard of basic performance test method for building mortar", and each index performance meets the requirement.
In the embodiment 1, the wave absorbing performance of the mortar is tested at 2-18GHz according to GJB2038-94 radar wave absorbing material reflectivity determination method, the thickness of the mortar is 10 mm, the minimum reflectivity is-21 dB, and the absorption bandwidth is less than-10 dB and is 10.5 GHz.
Example 2: an environment-friendly mortar for absorbing electromagnetic waves comprises 40 wt% of powder, 45 wt% of fine aggregate, 14.85 wt% of liquid and 0.15 wt% of polypropylene fibers. Wherein: the powder consists of the following components, by weight, 50 parts of slag, 12 parts of fly ash, 8 parts of gypsum, 2 parts of sodium carbonate, 4 parts of sodium silicate, 6 parts of graphite powder, 9 parts of barium ferrite powder, 6 parts of boron nitride and 3 parts of a dispersing agent; the fine aggregate comprises the following components in percentage by weight: iron ore machine-made sand 60, barite sand 40; the liquid material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: water 93, a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent 2 and a polyether shrinkage reducing agent 5.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing and stirring the powder and the polypropylene fiber for 5 minutes to fully and uniformly mix the materials, then putting the fine aggregate into the uniformly mixed powder for dry stirring for 3 minutes, and then adding water, the water reducing agent and the shrinkage reducing agent for continuously stirring for 5 minutes.
In the above embodiment 2, the indexes are detected according to the JGT/T70-2009 standard of basic performance test method for building mortar, and each index performance meets the requirement.
In the embodiment 2, the wave absorbing performance of the mortar is tested at 2-18GHz according to GJB2038-94 radar wave absorbing material reflectivity determination method, the thickness of the mortar is 10 mm, the minimum reflectivity is-17 dB, and the absorption bandwidth is less than-10 dB and is 8.7 GHz.
Claims (9)
1. An environment-friendly mortar for absorbing electromagnetic waves comprises, by weight, 35-40% of powder, 45-50% of fine aggregate, 10-15% of liquid material and 0.15-0.3% of fiber, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the above components is 100%; wherein: the powder material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 45-55 parts of slag, 10-15 parts of fly ash, 6-10 parts of gypsum, 1.6-3.0 parts of sodium carbonate, 3.0-5.0 parts of sodium silicate, 6.0-9.0 parts of graphite powder, 9-15 parts of barium ferrite powder, 6-10 parts of boron nitride and 1-3 parts of dispersing agent; the fine aggregate comprises machine-made sand and barite sand, and the weight ratio is as follows: machine-made sand 60, barite sand 40; the liquid material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 93-95.2 parts of water, 0.8-2.0 parts of water reducing agent and 2.0-5.0 parts of shrinkage reducing agent.
2. The environment-friendly mortar for absorbing electromagnetic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slag is water-quenched blast furnace slag having a specific surface area of not less than 400m2And/kg, the fly ash is first-grade fly ash, and the gypsum is dihydrate desulfurized gypsum.
3. The environment-friendly mortar for absorbing electromagnetic waves of claim 1, wherein the sodium carbonate and the sodium silicate are chemically pure.
4. The environment-friendly mortar for absorbing electromagnetic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphite powder has a particle size of 1 to 20 μm, a carbon content of more than 90%, a barium ferrite powder particle size of 10 to 25 μm, and a specific surface area of not less than 400m2Per kg; the specific surface area of boron nitride is not less than 6500m2/kg。
5. The environment-friendly mortar for absorbing electromagnetic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dispersant is powdered sodium hexametaphosphate and the molecular formula is (NaPO)3)6。
6. The environment-friendly mortar capable of absorbing electromagnetic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the machine-made sand is iron tailings produced in metal mining, has a fineness modulus of 2.4-2.6 and a powder content of 8-12%, and does not contain mud; the barite sand has fineness modulus of 2.9, particle size of 0-2.5 mm and chemical component BaSO4•2H2O。
7. The environment-friendly mortar for absorbing electromagnetic waves of claim 1, wherein the water is local tap water.
8. The environment-friendly mortar capable of absorbing electromagnetic waves of claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent; the shrinkage reducing agent is polyether shrinkage reducing agent.
9. The environment-friendly mortar for absorbing electromagnetic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fibers are polypropylene fibers, the diameter of the fibers is 15-30 μm, and the length of the fibers is 5-10 mm.
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CN111470832A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-07-31 | 嵊州市路通水泥制品有限公司 | Radiation-proof gypsum mortar process |
CN111777391B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2022-06-14 | 中建西部建设建材科学研究院有限公司 | Whole-body moisture-proof and water-resistant gypsum wallboard with electromagnetic shielding function and preparation method thereof |
CN114105567A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-01 | 招远市金都建设有限公司 | Environment-friendly concrete capable of absorbing electromagnetic waves and preparation method thereof |
CN115806412B (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-08-25 | 福州大学 | Multi-solid waste base polymer wave-absorbing concrete material and preparation method thereof |
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