CN114573299B - Anti-cracking and impact-resistant ultra-high-performance anti-radiation concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-cracking and impact-resistant ultra-high-performance anti-radiation concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
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- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
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- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1355—Incineration residues
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00258—Electromagnetic wave absorbing or shielding materials
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention provides an anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high performance anti-radiation concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the anti-radiation concrete comprises cement, mineral admixture and nano TiO 2 The water reducer comprises calcium carbonate whisker, an expanding agent, heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate, a water reducer and super absorbent resin. The ultra-high performance radiation-proof concrete of the invention is prepared by doping nano TiO 2 The calcium carbonate whisker and the hybrid fiber are toughened by concrete materials from different scales, are randomly distributed in the concrete, have ultrahigh tensile strength, have complementary size ranges, can bridge cracks of different scales in the concrete, absorb impact energy when the concrete is subjected to impact load, and effectively improve the anti-radiation ultrahigh-performance concrete impact toughness. Micro-nano scale material TiO 2 The packing effect of calcium carbonate whisker can improve the compactness of the ultra-high performance concrete, and TiO 2 The material has a strong ray shielding effect, and can enhance the radiation protection performance of the ultra-high performance concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radiation shielding building materials, in particular to anti-cracking and impact-resistant ultra-high-performance radiation-proof concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increasing maturity and widespread application of nuclear technology, protection against its associated gamma rays and neutron rays is also becoming increasingly important. The radiation-proof concrete is the most widely used and economic nuclear radiation protection material at present, and has the advantages of wide sources of raw materials, convenience in construction, low manufacturing cost and the like compared with metal and organic polymer protection materials. Nuclear engineering facilities are key facilities for national security and development, and damage and destroy (possibly caused by accurate striking of high-technology weapons, explosion attack, earthquake and the like) of the nuclear engineering facilities can cause huge national property loss and environmental security damage. The radiation-proof concrete is used as a main structural material of nuclear engineering (nuclear power station) and nuclear medicine (hospital radiology department) buildings, and is not only used for shielding rays, but also used for important safety guarantee of nuclear facilities. Therefore, the design strength and the impact resistance of the radiation-proof concrete are required to be improved, and the radiation-proof and impact-resistant high-strength concrete is prepared so as to resist the damage of high-strength dynamic load to the building caused by explosion impact load or serious geological disasters, thereby meeting the great strategic requirements of national defense and civil nuclear engineering safety protection.
The ultra-high performance concrete has the characteristics of high compactness, ultra-high strength and high toughness, and is an ideal material for building ultra-high strength and shock resistance ray shielding buildings. At present, the radiation-proof concrete is prepared at home and abroad mainly by adding minerals containing heavy metal elements to enhance the ray absorption capacity of the concrete, such as using aggregates of serpentine, magnetite, limonite, barite and the like to enhance the gamma ray and neutron ray absorption capacity of the concrete. For example, the prior art discloses a radiation-proof ultra-high performance concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the radiation-proof ultra-high performance concrete comprises hematite, steel fibers and other raw materials.
Although the prior art adopts mineral aggregate containing heavy metal to prepare ultra-high performance concrete, and increases the ray shielding capacity of the concrete, the prepared concrete has two problems: (1) The natural minerals commonly used have high density (barite 4.3X10) 3 kg/m 3 Iron ore 4.0-5.0X10 3 kg/m 3 ) The strength is low, the high-density aggregate is difficult to be used for preparing the ultra-high-strength radiation-proof concrete, and the high-density aggregate is easy to settle and isolate when being used for preparing the concrete, so that poor homogeneity of the concrete is caused, and the mechanical property of the concrete is influenced; (2) The ultra-high performance concrete cementing material has high dosage and overlarge shrinkage (up to 8.0 multiplied by 10) -4 ). If shrinkage cracking occurs so that rays are transmitted along the cracks, the radiation shielding capacity of the concrete is greatly reduced. The steam curing is adopted to improve the volume stability and the crack resistance of the component, so that the application of the component in cast-in-place concrete buildings is limited, and the construction convenience advantage of the concrete material can not be exerted; (3) The ultra-high performance concrete only contains steel fibers, so that the expansion of micro cracks cannot be restrained, and the impact resistance is designed in a targeted manner; therefore, the method for improving the crack resistance and impact resistance of the concrete and enhancing the uniformity of the concrete is a key for preparing the radiation-proof ultra-high-performance concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high performance radiation-proof concrete and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve or partially solve the problems existing in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the invention provides an anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high-performance radiation-proof concrete, which comprises the following raw materials in proportion: 690-740 kg/m of cement 3 230-280 kg/m of mineral admixture 3 Nano TiO 2 20～40kg/m 3 10-30 kg/m of calcium carbonate whisker 3 1400-1800 kg of heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregatem 3 2 to 6kg of super absorbent resin and 40 to 70kg/m of expanding agent 3 10-30 kg/m water reducer 3 160-260 kg/m of hybrid fiber 3 180-200 kg/m of water 3 。
Preferably, the anti-cracking and impact-resistant ultra-high performance radiation-proof concrete is characterized in that the mineral admixture is a mixture of fly ash microbeads and silica fume, wherein the proportion of the silica fume is 100-140 kg/m 3 The rest is fly ash microbeads; wherein the specific surface area of the silica fume is more than or equal to 15000m 2 Per kg, activity index not less than 105%, siO 2 The mass content is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the ignition loss is less than or equal to 4 percent; specific surface area of fly ash microbead is greater than or equal to 1300m 2 The per kg and the activity index are more than or equal to 90 percent.
Preferably, the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high performance radiation-proof concrete is characterized in that the hybrid fiber is a mixture of steel fiber and basalt fiber; the steel fiber is copper plated flat steel fiber with the surface, the length of the steel fiber is 10-16 mm, the diameter of the steel fiber is 0.18-0.2 mm, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 2850MPa, and the density is 8.0g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The length of the basalt fiber is 5-20 mm, the diameter is 5-40 mu m, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1000MPa; the volume ratio of basalt fiber in the hybrid fiber is 5-20%.
Preferably, the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high performance radiation protection concrete comprises 10-30% of heavy metal oxide mass content, 20-30% of alumina mass content and 14-19% of silicon oxide mass content in the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate.
Preferably, the apparent density of the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate of the anti-cracking and shock-resistant ultra-high performance radiation-proof concrete is 2.8-3.2 kg/m 3 The grain diameter is less than or equal to 2.36mm, the fineness modulus is 2.2-3.2, and the crushing value is less than or equal to 15%.
Preferably, the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high performance radiation-proof concrete comprises the nano TiO 2 Has a specific surface area of 35 to 95m 2 /g。
Preferably, the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high performance radiation-proof concrete is characterized in that the super absorbent resin is polyacrylic resin, and the particle size of the super absorbent resin is 30-250 mu m.
Preferably, the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high performance radiation-proof concrete is prepared from the expanding agent which is calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide or a composite expanding agent.
Preferably, the anti-cracking and impact-resistant ultra-high-performance radiation-proof concrete is characterized in that the water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer, and the cement is P.O52.5 Portland cement.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a preparation method of the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high performance radiation-proof concrete, which comprises the following steps:
cement, mineral admixture and nano TiO 2 Adding the calcium carbonate whisker, the expanding agent and the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate into a concrete mixer, uniformly stirring, and then adding water, a water reducing agent and super absorbent resin; after the components are uniformly stirred, adding the mixed fibers, uniformly stirring, and carrying out die filling, vibrating and forming to obtain a concrete mixture;
covering the surface of the concrete mixture with a waterproof film, and then placing the concrete mixture into a curing chamber for curing to obtain the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high-performance radiation-proof concrete.
The anti-cracking and impact-resistant ultra-high-performance radiation-proof concrete and the method have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
1. the anti-cracking and impact-resistant ultra-high performance anti-radiation concrete is prepared by doping nano TiO 2 The calcium carbonate whisker and the hybrid fiber (particularly comprising basalt fiber and steel fiber) are toughened by concrete materials from different scales, are randomly distributed in the concrete, have ultrahigh tensile strength, and have the size range which is complementary (between nanometers and millimeters), so that cracks with different scales in the concrete can be bridged, impact energy is absorbed when the concrete is subjected to impact load, and the anti-radiation ultra-high performance concrete impact toughness is effectively improved. Micro-nano scale material TiO 2 The packing effect of calcium carbonate whisker can improve the compactness of the ultra-high performance concrete, and TiO 2 The material has a strong ray shielding effect, and can enhance the radiation protection performance of the ultra-high performance concrete;
2. according to the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high-performance anti-radiation concrete, the heavy metal sludge recycled aggregate is adopted to replace natural heavy aggregate, so that on one hand, industrial waste is consumed, the advantages of low density and good ray shielding performance of the heavy metal sludge recycled aggregate are utilized, segregation of concrete mixtures prepared from the natural heavy aggregate is avoided, the uniformity of the concrete is improved, on the other hand, the recycled aggregate is rough in surface, tightly bonded with concrete slurry, meanwhile, the recycled aggregate is close to the elastic modulus of the concrete slurry, and the stress concentration in an interface transition zone can be reduced when the concrete is subjected to impact load;
3. according to the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high-performance anti-radiation concrete, the pre-water-absorbing super-absorbent resin is doped, so that the super-high-performance concrete slowly releases water in the slurry hydration process to exert an internal curing effect, and the early shrinkage of the ultra-high-performance concrete is reduced; the expansion agent is hydrated under the action of internal curing water to compensate shrinkage, and the shrinkage of the ultra-high performance concrete is reduced by combining the expansion agent and the internal curing water, so that the cracking risk of the radiation-proof ultra-high performance concrete is reduced, and the initiation of microcracks in the ultra-high performance concrete is inhibited.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the following description will be made in detail with reference to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail and with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, but it should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the application provides an anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high performance radiation-proof concrete, which comprises the following componentsThe raw materials of the proportion are as follows: 690-740 kg/m of cement 3 230-280 kg/m of mineral admixture 3 Nano TiO 2 20～40 kg/m 3 10-30 kg/m of calcium carbonate whisker 3 1400-1800 kg/m of heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate 3 2 to 6kg of super absorbent resin and 40 to 70kg/m of expanding agent 3 10-30 kg/m water reducer 3 160-260 kg/m of hybrid fiber 3 180-200 kg/m of water 3 。
The anti-cracking and impact-resistant ultra-high-performance anti-radiation concrete disclosed by the application utilizes heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate as aggregate, and nano TiO is added 2 Increasing the matrix compaction and improving the radiation shielding properties, the relative low density (2.8-3.2X10 3 kg/m 3 ) The slurry uniformity is enhanced by adding mixed fibers, calcium carbonate whiskers and the like, and in addition, the early cracking risk of the ultra-high performance concrete is effectively reduced by the internal curing of the super absorbent resin SAP and the compensation and shrinkage of the expanding agent, so that the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high performance anti-radiation concrete is prepared.
In some embodiments, the mineral admixture is a mixture of fly ash microbeads and silica fume, wherein the silica fume is 100-140 kg/m 3 The rest is fly ash microbeads; wherein the specific surface area of the silica fume is more than or equal to 15000m 2 Per kg, activity index not less than 105%, siO 2 The mass content is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the ignition loss is less than or equal to 4 percent; specific surface area of fly ash microbead is greater than or equal to 1300m 2 The per kg and activity index is more than or equal to 90 percent, and the water demand ratio is less than or equal to 95 percent.
In some embodiments, the hybrid fiber is a mixture of steel fiber and basalt fiber; the steel fiber is copper plated flat steel fiber with the surface, the length of the steel fiber is 10-16 mm, the diameter of the steel fiber is 0.18-0.2 mm, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 2850MPa, and the density is 8.0g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The length of the basalt fiber is 5-20 mm, the diameter is 5-40 mu m, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1000MPa; the volume ratio of basalt fiber in the hybrid fiber is 5-20%.
In some embodiments, the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate has a heavy metal oxide mass content of 10-30%, an alumina mass content of 20-30%, and a silica mass content of 14-19%.
Specifically, the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate is obtained by mixing heavy metal-containing sludge with a correction raw material and then performing step-type calcination. The preparation method of the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate comprises the following steps: mixing the sludge containing heavy metals with the correction raw materials, and granulating to obtain particles with the water content of 20-25%; then the granules obtained by granulation are preserved for 20 to 30 minutes in a high temperature furnace at the temperature of between 105 and 110 ℃, then are preserved for 20 to 50 minutes at the temperature of between 450 and 500 ℃, and finally are calcined for 30 to 40 minutes at the temperature of between 1100 and 1200 ℃ to fully discharge the gas in the pores and densify the aggregate; and finally cooling along with the furnace to obtain the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate.
The heavy metal-containing sludge is industrial waste residue sludge, wherein the heavy metal comprises Cr 2 O 3 ZnO, etc.; the correction raw materials comprise kaolin, shale, coal gangue and the like.
In some embodiments, the heavy metal oxide in the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate comprises Cr 2 O 3 ZnO; cr in heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate 2 O 3 The mass content is 10-15%, znO mass content is 6-10%, alumina mass content is 20-30%, and silica mass content is 19-14%.
In some embodiments, the apparent density of the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate is 2.8-3.2 kg/m 3 The grain diameter is less than or equal to 2.36mm, the fineness modulus is 2.2-3.2, and the crushing value is less than or equal to 15%.
In some embodiments, nano-TiO 2 Has a specific surface area of 35 to 95m 2 /g, nano TiO 2 The purity of the product is more than or equal to 99 weight percent.
In some embodiments, the superabsorbent resin is a polyacrylic resin having a particle size of 30-250 μm and an internal curing introduction water magnification of 8-15.
In some embodiments, the expansion agent is a calcium sulfoaluminate-calcium oxide type or a complex expansion agent.
Specifically, the expanding agent is calcium sulfoaluminate-calcium oxide (such as HCSA expanding agent) or composite expanding agent (such as HME expanding agent) or has specific surface area more than or equal to 200m 2 Per kg, chloride ion content < 0.05%, 7d limit expansion rate > 0.05 in water, 21d limit expansion rate > -0.01 in air.
In some embodiments, the water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high efficiency water reducer with a solids content of 50% and an effective water reduction of 40-50%.
In some embodiments, the cement is p.o 52.5 portland cement.
Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a preparation method of the anti-cracking and impact-resistant ultra-high-performance radiation-proof concrete, which comprises the following steps:
s1, cement, mineral admixture and nano TiO 2 Adding the calcium carbonate whisker, the expanding agent and the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate into a concrete mixer, uniformly stirring, and then adding water, a water reducing agent and super absorbent resin; after the components are uniformly stirred, adding the mixed fibers, uniformly stirring, and carrying out die filling, vibrating and forming to obtain a concrete mixture;
s2, covering the surface of the concrete mixture with a waterproof film, and then placing the concrete mixture into a curing room for curing to obtain the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high-performance anti-radiation concrete.
The preparation method of the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high-performance radiation-proof concrete is further described in the following specific examples.
Examples 1 to 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing heavy metal sludge with correction raw materials according to the proportion in the table 1 to obtain a mixture, and matching all components to enable Cr in the mixture 2 O 3 13% by mass, 8% by mass of ZnO, 26% by mass of alumina and 18% by mass of silica;
s2, uniformly mixing and grinding the mixture, and granulating to obtain particles with the particle size less than or equal to 4.75mm and the water content of 20-25%;
and S3, roasting the granules obtained by granulation in a high-temperature furnace according to a roasting system shown in a table 2 to obtain the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate.
TABLE 1 raw Material composition of heavy Metal sludge regenerated aggregate
TABLE 2 calcination System for heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate
The temperature rise rate at each stage of calcination in Table 2 was 5℃per minute.
The properties of the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate prepared according to the above method are shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3 Property of heavy Metal sludge regenerated aggregate
| Examples | Apparent density (kg/m) 3 ) | Fineness modulus | Crushing value (%) | Porosity (%) |
| 1 | 3050 | 2.4 | 10.1 | 5.8 |
| 2 | 2970 | 2.7 | 13.2 | 9.3 |
| 3 | 3150 | 2.6 | 9.9 | 3.9 |
As can be seen from the above Table 3, the crushing value of the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate obtained in examples 1 to 3 is 15% or less, and the apparent density is 2800 to 3200kg/m 3 The fineness modulus is 2.2-3.2, and the physical properties are excellent.
Examples 4 to 9
The embodiment of the application provides an anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high-performance radiation-proof concrete, which comprises the raw materials in the proportion shown in the table 4;
wherein the cement is Huaxin P.O52.5 ordinary Portland cement;
the silica fume used was produced by Shanghai Tian silica powder Material Co., ltd, wherein SiO 2 The mass content is 95%, the specific surface area is 17500m 2 105% of the activity index per kg,28 d;
the fly ash microbeads are produced by Tianjin building new material technology Co., ltd, and have a specific surface area of 1300m 2 Per kg, an activity coefficient of 105%, a water demand ratio of 88%, an apparent density of 2520kg/m 3 ；
Nano TiO for use 2 Produced by the company Chenxin Shield alloy, inc., having a specific surface area of 35m 2 /g；
The heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate used was the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate prepared in example 3;
the super absorbent resin is polyacrylic resin, the grain diameter is 75-125 mu m, and the internal curing introducing water multiplying power is 10;
the expanding agent is Tianjin leopard ringing HCSA, and the specific surface area is 247 m 2 3/kg, chloride ion content of 0.03%, 7d limited expansion rate of 0.06 in water and 21d limited expansion rate of 0.01 in air;
the calcium carbonate whisker is produced by Dongguan giant positive source Co., ltd, and has the length of 20-30 μm and the diameter of 1-1.2 μm;
the water reducer is Su Bote polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer, the solid content is 50%, and the effective water reducing rate is 52%;
the water is tap water;
the hybrid fiber comprises a mixture of steel fibers and basalt fibers, wherein the steel fibers are copper plated flat steel fibers with the length of 13mm, the diameter of 0.18mm and the tensile strength of 3000MPa produced by Wuhan New Engineer fiber Co., ltd; the basalt fiber is Thailand hong concrete basalt fiber with the length of 10mm and the diameter of 7 mu m; the volume ratio of the steel fiber to the basalt fiber is 90:10.
Table 4-proportions (kg/m) of raw materials of the ultra-high-performance radiation-proof concrete having crack resistance and impact resistance in examples 4 to 9 3 )
Wherein 1260kg/m of the control group is added in addition to the above proportion 3 Quartz sand aggregate and 190kg/m 3 Steel fiber; examples 4 and 5 were each mixed with 190kg/m of the above-mentioned mixture ratio 3 Steel fibers.
Specifically, the preparation method of the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high-performance radiation-proof concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-absorbing water by the super absorbent resin according to the introduction multiplying power of the internal curing water of 10;
s2, cement, mineral admixture and nano TiO 2 Calcium carbonate whisker, bulking agent and heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate (stone is used in the case of control group)Quartz sand aggregate instead of heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate) is added into a concrete mixer to be uniformly mixed; pre-dispersing the polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer with water; adding the pre-dispersed polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer and the pre-water-absorbing super absorbent resin into a middle concrete mixer for continuous stirring;
s3, after the components are uniformly stirred, adding steel fibers and basalt fibers, uniformly stirring, carrying out die filling, vibrating and forming, and covering the surface of the concrete mixture by a waterproof film to prevent the concrete mixture from drying and dehydrating; and (3) removing the mould after 1d, and placing the hardened test piece into a curing room for curing to a specific age, thus obtaining the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high performance radiation-proof concrete.
In step S1, the super absorbent resin was treated with water, and the water used in this step was not included in table 4. As illustrated in example 4, the water used in step S1 was 30kg/m 3 The water used in the whole process is 30kg/m 3 +180kg/m 3 。
The ultra-high performance radiation resistant concrete with crack resistance and impact resistance prepared in examples 4 to 9 and the control group were tested and the results are shown in table 5 below.
TABLE 5 Properties of ultra-high Performance radiation protection concrete against crack and impact
The ultra-high performance radiation resistant concrete with crack resistance and impact resistance prepared in examples 4 to 9 and the control group were tested for impact compression properties and the results are shown in table 6 below.
TABLE 6 impact compression Property of ultra high Performance radiation protection concrete against crack and impact
The ultra-high-performance radiation-resistant concrete with crack resistance and impact resistance prepared in examples 4 to 9 and the control group were tested for the radiation absorption coefficient, and the results are shown in the following table 7.
TABLE 7 ray absorption coefficient of ultra-high performance anti-radiation concrete with crack resistance and impact resistance
The HVL in Table 7 is the thickness of the radiation shielding layer required to attenuate the intensity of the radiation to half of its initial value, and the HVL value in Table 6 is Lambert's law I=I 0 e -μt cm -1 The obtained product.
The results in tables 5-6 show that the ultra-high performance radiation-proof concrete prepared by the invention has the characteristics of high strength, low shrinkage and high crack resistance, has equivalent or better impact resistance than the ultra-high performance concrete of the control group, and meets the performance requirements of the crack-resistant and impact-resistant concrete. The results in table 7 show that the ultra-high performance concrete of the present invention has a gamma-ray absorption coefficient higher than that of the ultra-high performance concrete of the control group, and the thickness of the concrete layer required to attenuate gamma rays to half the original intensity value is reduced, compared with the ultra-high performance concrete of the control group, and exhibits excellent ray shielding ability.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. An anti-cracking and impact-resistant ultra-high performance radiation-proof concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in proportion: cement 700kg/m 3 110kg/m of silica fume 3 125kg/m fly ash microbeads 3 Nano TiO 2 40kg/m 3 1500kg/m of heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate 3 30kg/m of calcium carbonate whisker 3 260kg/m of hybrid fiber 3 28.5kg/m of water reducing agent 3 High suctionWater resin 3kg/m 3 Expansion agent 38kg/m 3 186kg/m of water 3 ；
The cement is P.O52.5 silicate cement;
the specific surface area of the silica fume is 17500m 2 Per kg,28d Activity index 105%, siO 2 The mass content is 95%;
the specific surface area of the fly ash microbeads is 1300m 2 Kg, activity coefficient 105%;
the nano TiO 2 Has a specific surface area of 35 to 95m 2 /g；
The length of the calcium carbonate whisker is 20-30 mu m, and the diameter is 1-1.2 mu m;
the Gao Xishui resin is polyacrylic resin, and the particle size of the polyacrylic resin is 75-125 mu m;
the hybrid fiber is a mixture of steel fiber and basalt fiber; the steel fiber is a flat steel fiber with copper plated on the surface, the length of the steel fiber is 13mm, the diameter of the steel fiber is 0.18mm, and the tensile strength of the steel fiber is 3000MPa; the length of the basalt fiber is 10mm, the diameter is 7 mu m, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1000MPa; the volume ratio of the steel fiber to the basalt fiber is 90:10;
the water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer;
the expanding agent is a leopard sound HCSA type expanding agent;
the preparation method of the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing heavy metal sludge with correction raw materials to obtain a mixture, and matching all components to enable Cr in the mixture 2 O 3 13% by mass, 8% by mass of ZnO, 26% by mass of alumina and 18% by mass of silica; the mixture obtained by mixing the heavy metal sludge with the correction raw materials specifically comprises the following components: mixing 100 parts by weight of waste sludge from a steel plant with 20 parts by weight of kaolin and 20 parts by weight of coal gangue to obtain a mixture;
s2, uniformly mixing the mixture, grinding, and granulating to obtain particles with the particle size less than or equal to 4.75mm and the water content of 20-25%;
s3, roasting the granules obtained by granulation in a high-temperature furnace according to the following roasting system to obtain heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate;
wherein, the calcination system is: the temperature is kept for 30min at 110 ℃ preheating temperature, then the temperature is raised to 470 ℃ and kept for 50min, then the temperature is raised to 1140 ℃ and kept for 40min, and the temperature raising rate is 5 ℃/min during each stage of calcination.
2. A method for preparing the anti-crack and impact-resistant ultra-high-performance radiation-proof concrete as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
cement, silica fume, fly ash microbeads and nano TiO 2 Adding the calcium carbonate whisker, the expanding agent and the heavy metal sludge regenerated aggregate into a concrete mixer, uniformly stirring, and then adding water, a water reducing agent and super absorbent resin; after the components are uniformly stirred, adding the mixed fibers, uniformly stirring, and carrying out die filling, vibrating and forming to obtain a concrete mixture; covering the surface of the concrete mixture with a waterproof film, and then placing the concrete mixture into a curing chamber for curing to obtain the anti-cracking and anti-impact ultra-high-performance radiation-proof concrete.
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