CN112806293A

CN112806293A - Modular ecological multiplication bed

Info

Publication number: CN112806293A
Application number: CN202110172694.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 夏光远; 沈铭辉; 欧徽龙; 蒲利云; 王国福; 李丙顺
Original assignee: HAINAN ACADEMY OF OCEAN AND FISHERIES SCIENCES
Current assignee: HAINAN ACADEMY OF OCEAN AND FISHERIES SCIENCES
Priority date: 2021-02-08
Filing date: 2021-02-08
Publication date: 2021-05-18

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular ecological multiplication bed, wherein a multiplication bed body comprises a plurality of fish reef units which are assembled with each other; the fish reef unit comprises a basalt grid, a plurality of stand columns and a plurality of basalt pipe fittings; a plurality of upright posts are pressed on the basalt grille; the basalt pipe fitting is of a hollow tubular structure, and the pipe wall of the basalt pipe fitting is provided with a plurality of staggered open holes; two ends of the basalt pipe fitting are respectively connected with the two upright posts, and the upright posts are connected through the basalt pipe fitting; the adjacent fish reef units share the upright post and the basalt pipe fittings. The modular ecological multiplication bed is a multi-nutrition-level artificial fish reef for providing habitats such as breeding, bait-making, growth and the like for benthic shellfish, tropical sea cucumbers and large-scale seaweeds, can be put in aiming at submarine topography by infinite combination and extension of small units of the modular artificial fish reef combined by multiple nutrition levels, and fully utilizes seabed space to carry out multi-nutrition-level multiplication on the sea cucumbers, the shellfish and the large-scale seaweeds of a far-sea island reef.

Description

Modular ecological multiplication bed

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine fishery aquaculture infrastructure, and particularly relates to ocean island reef proliferation equipment and application thereof.

Background

The excessive fishing, water pollution and global climate change bring huge pressure on marine fishery resources and ecological environment, and the fishery industry mode in China is changing from traditional fishing and breeding to resource maintenance in order to improve declined fishery resources and restore the ecological environment of offshore sea areas. The construction of artificial fish reefs as important measures for maintaining resources and restoring environment has become one of the important directions for the development of marine fishery in China. At present, artificial fish reefs have been developed in China and various provinces along the sea, the thrown reefs mainly comprise stone reefs and concrete reefs, and although certain effects are achieved on improvement of sea resources, the reefs have the problems of simple structures, single ecological functions in reefs and the like. The artificial fish reef is built in the yellow Bohai sea, the artificial fish reef is mainly used for proliferating seafood such as stichopus japonicus and the like, in order to save cost and pursue economic value, the reef body is basically made of natural stones and simple concrete such as square and round tubes, only the habitat demand of a proliferation object is emphasized, the biological community structure and the function group configuration of the artificial fish reef ecosystem are not fully considered, and the problems that the proliferation species death, the food net structure is simple, the biological diversity level is low and the like caused by insufficient biological bearing capacity and the like of the artificial fish reef ecosystem are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of single function of the artificial fish reef, simple reef area community structure and low ecological maintenance capability in the prior art, provides a modular ecological multiplication bed according to the structural characteristics of the biological community and the interdependence relationship of different nutritional level organisms in a food net, can promote the exchange of nutrient substances in upper and lower water bodies, provides a suitable habitat for algae, reef-loving fishes, precious marine products and attachment organisms, and improves the biological diversity level and community structure stability of the artificial fish reef ecological system.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a modular ecological multiplication bed comprises a multiplication bed body; the proliferation bed body comprises a plurality of fish reef units which are mutually assembled; the fish reef unit comprises a basalt grid, a plurality of stand columns and a plurality of basalt pipe fittings; the plurality of upright posts are pressed on the basalt grille; the basalt pipe fitting is of a hollow tubular structure, and the pipe wall of the basalt pipe fitting is provided with a plurality of staggered open holes; two ends of the basalt pipe fitting are respectively connected with the two upright posts, and the upright posts are connected through the basalt pipe fitting; the adjacent fish reef units share the upright post and the basalt pipe fittings.

In one embodiment, each fish reef unit is of a quadrilateral structure formed by four upright posts and four basalt pipes connected with the four upright posts.

In one embodiment, the mesh size of the basalt grid is 25-26 mm.

In one embodiment, the upright column comprises an upright column body, and a plurality of insertion blocks are arranged on the side wall of the upright column body; the end part of the basalt pipe fitting is sleeved on the inserting block.

In one embodiment, the column body is an octagonal prism, four insertion blocks are arranged on the side wall of the column body, and the four insertion blocks are opposite to each other in pairs.

In one embodiment, the side wall of the upright post is provided with a plurality of grooves; the end part of the basalt pipe fitting is inserted in the groove.

In one embodiment, the column is a cylinder.

In one embodiment, the columns are made of a heavy material such as cement, concrete, and the like, for example, cement columns.

In one embodiment, the opposite pipe walls of the basalt pipe are provided with a plurality of openings, and the openings on the pipe walls on the two sides are staggered and not directly opposite.

In one embodiment, the basalt pipe fitting is formed by splicing and combining two basalt workpieces provided with a plurality of openings, and the positions of the openings on the two basalt workpieces are staggered and are not directly opposite.

In one embodiment, the basalt pipe fitting is a square pipe.

The modular ecological multiplication bed is a multi-nutrition-level artificial fish reef for providing habitats such as breeding, bait-making, growth and the like for benthic shellfish, tropical sea cucumbers and large-scale seaweeds, and is characterized in that the modular artificial fish reef is infinitely combined and extended by small units of the modular artificial fish reef combined by multiple nutrition levels, is put in aiming at submarine topography, and fully utilizes seabed space to carry out multi-nutrition-level multiplication on the sea cucumbers, the shellfish and the large-scale seaweeds of the island reef in the open sea.

All ranges recited herein include all point values within the range.

As used herein, "about" or "about" and the like refer to a range or value within plus or minus 20 percent of the stated range or value.

Compared with the background technology, the technical scheme has the following advantages:

(1) compared with the monomer artificial fish reef in the prior art, the modular ecological multiplication bed has the advantages that the basic fish reef unit is square, and gapless dense paving can be formed on a seabed plane; the arrangement of the small modular basic fish reef units can be adjusted at will according to the sea area condition through the densely-arranged extension of the small modular basic fish reef units, and the arranged units are organically connected together, so that the formed whole can be infinite theoretically, sufficient activity space is provided for the proliferated organisms, and the demand of seasonal movement of the organisms can be even met if the small modular basic fish reef units are arranged on a slope;

(2) the modular ecological multiplication bed adopts a multi-nutrition-level composite unit structure, algae are attached to the surface of a basalt component of the multiplication bed and perform photosynthesis, substances and energy in a water body are utilized to produce nutrient substances, abalone gnaws the algae and converts the algae into self nutrition, and tropical sea cucumbers at the bottom eat scraps and discharged excrement generated by the abalone gnawing the algae. According to the ecosystem principle, the seaweed, the abalone and the sea cucumber have different growth spaces, biological habits and nutritional requirements, and three nutrition levels are formed in the semi-closed space of the proliferation bed: algae are producers of systems; abalone is a consumer in the system; and the tropical sea cucumbers at the bottom become decomposers in the system. The three kinds of proliferated organisms complete material circulation and energy flow in a semi-closed space, form a relatively stable biological chain and a habitat, fully utilize the limited space and material energy and improve the proliferation effect.

(3) The modular ecological multiplication bed can effectively provide various requirements of concealment, attachment and nutrition for various organisms, and effectively solves the problems of single function of the artificial fish reef, simple food net and low diversity level of biological communities.

(4) The modular ecological multiplication bed ensures the moving range of the multiplication organisms, fixes the seabed bottom, and simultaneously does not completely cover the seabed, thereby greatly reducing the phenomenon of death of the original biological population caused by the covering and the heavy pressure of the fish reef unit at the distribution position and avoiding the negative ecological influence on the original habitat.

(5) Compared with the existing artificial fish reef which is huge and heavy as a whole due to the integrated reinforced concrete structure, the structural unit of the modular ecological multiplication bed is easy to disassemble, assemble, transport and assemble, can be more flexibly applied to regions where large ships such as offshore regions, island lagoons and the like are difficult to enter, and fills the blank of the application region of the traditional fish reef.

(6) The modular ecological multiplication bed material is bio-friendly and does not cause pollution. The basalt fiber is a novel inorganic environment-friendly green high-performance fiber material, has high strength and good toughness, and also has various excellent performances of insulation, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and the like. In addition, compared with the steel frame concrete structure which is commonly used at present, the grid and the pipe fittings which are made of basalt fibers cannot be rusted, and the heavy metal ion distribution of the sea area can not be influenced; the production process has less waste and less environmental pollution, and the waste product may be degraded directly in environment without any harm, so that the product is one green and environment friendly material. After surface modification, the basalt fiber has good hydrophilicity and microorganism loading performance, can load more biomass, and is beneficial to the growth of algae on the surface.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a fish reef unit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a pillar according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a pipe according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tube according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the extended arrangement of the proliferation bed body assembled by 6 fish reef units in example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a fish reef unit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a pillar according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a pipe according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

a fish reef unit 1; a basalt grid 2; the concrete column 3/3 ', the column body 31, the insertion block 32 and the groove 33'; basalt tubing 4/4 ', openings 41/41 ', basalt workpiece 42 '; and a middle stage unit 5.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "lateral", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like may be used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the perspective views of the drawings, which are for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" as may appear are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a modular ecological proliferation bed of the present embodiment includes a proliferation bed body; the proliferation bed body comprises a plurality of fish reef units 1 which are mutually assembled; the fish reef unit 1 comprises a basalt grid 2, a plurality of cement columns 3 and a plurality of basalt pipe fittings 4;

referring to fig. 1, the basalt grille 2 is a basalt geogrid, and the mesh size of the grille is 25.4mm (1 inch).

Referring to fig. 2, the cement column 3 includes a column body 31 and four insertion blocks 32; the column body 31 is an eight-prism formed by longitudinally cutting off an isosceles right triangle cylinder with four corners and a side length of 10cm from a cube with a edge length of 30 cm; four insertion blocks 32 are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the column body 31 at intervals, the four insertion blocks 32 are opposite to each other in pairs, and the size of each insertion block 32 is 10cm × 10cm × 5 cm. The volume of the cement upright post 3 is about 23000cm³The mass is about 46kg (cement density at 2 g/cm)³Estimated).

Referring to fig. 3, the basalt pipe fittings 4 are hollow square pipes, and have the dimensions of 150cm long, 12cm wide, 12cm high and 0.6cm thick, the weight of the basalt pipe fittings 4 is about 7.5kg/m, and the weight of each basalt pipe fitting 4 is about 11 kg; the opposite two side pipe walls of the basalt pipe fitting 4 are provided with a plurality of openings 41, and each side pipe wall is provided with 5 openings 41; the size of the openings 41 is 10cm × 5cm, and the adjacent openings 41 have a 20cm interval; on the pipe wall on one side of the basalt pipe fitting 4, one end of the basalt pipe fitting 4 is 15cm away from the first opening 41, and the other end of the basalt pipe fitting 4 is 30cm away from the last opening 41; on the opposite tube wall on the other side of the basalt tube member 4, one end of the basalt tube member 4 is spaced apart from the first opening 41 by 30cm, and the other end of the basalt tube member 4 is spaced apart from the last opening 41 by 15cm, so that the openings 41 on the tube walls on both sides are arranged in a staggered manner and are not directly opposite to each other, as shown in fig. 4.

The method for arranging the fish reef unit 1 comprises the following steps: firstly, paving the basalt grid 2 on the seabed, and then pressing a first cement upright post 3 on the basalt grid 2 to fix the basalt grid 2; sleeving the first end of the first basalt pipe fitting 4 on one insertion block 32 of the first cement upright post 3 to fix the basalt pipe fitting 4 on the cement upright post 3, wherein the basalt pipe fitting 4 is not adhered to the cement upright post 3 so as to be conveniently dismounted at any time; and then pressing the second cement upright post 3 on the basalt grid 2, and sleeving the other end of the first basalt pipe fitting 4 on an insertion block 32 of the second cement upright post 3. By analogy, the cement upright columns 3 are pressed on the basalt grid 2, and the two ends of each basalt pipe fitting 4 are respectively sleeved on the insertion blocks 32 of the cement upright columns 3, so that the cement upright columns 3 are connected through the basalt pipe fittings 4.

In the present embodiment, each fish reef unit 1 is formed in a substantially square shape by four cement columns 3 and four basalt pipes 4 connecting the four cement columns 3. Because the cement upright post 3 is provided with the insertion blocks 32 on four sides, the adjacent fish reef units 1 can share the cement upright post 3 and the basalt pipe fittings 4, and different fish reef units 1 are communicated with each other. The cement upright post 3, the basalt pipe fitting 4 and the like are produced in a modularized mode, the fish reef unit 1 with a square grid structure is used as a basic module unit and is arranged in an adjacent combination mode, and the effects that the proliferation area shape can be adjusted randomly according to the submarine topography, the structural units are shared by adjacent units, the use amount of the components is saved, and the like can be achieved.

Referring to fig. 5, for an effect of the extended layout of the assembly of 6 fish reef units 1, the 6 basic fish reef units 1 are arranged in a 3 × 2 arrangement adjacent to each other to form a 5.7 × 3.9m intermediate unit 5. Each intermediate-stage unit 5 consists of 12 cement columns 3 and 17 basalt pipe fittings 4, and compared with the situation that the individual fish reef units 1 are arranged independently, half of the cement columns 3 and about one fourth of the basalt pipe fittings 4 can be saved.

Therefore, the proliferation bed is integrally formed by combining a plurality of fish reef units 1 with the same structure, and the extension can be adjusted at will according to the submarine topography of the distribution area. Each fish reef unit 1 is divided into an algae proliferation area, a sea cucumber proliferation area and a shellfish proliferation area from bottom to top. The algae and sea cucumber proliferation area is composed of basalt geogrids laid on the sea bottom, and the shellfish proliferation area is composed of basalt pipe fittings 4 and cement upright posts 3 for fixing the pipe fittings. The openings 41 of the basalt pipe fittings 4 are arranged, so that the habit that abalone and sea cucumber like to hide in gaps is utilized, organisms are conveniently proliferated to enter the square pipes to avoid enemies, and the smoothness of internal water flow can be guaranteed. The basalt pipe fitting 4 is very light compared with the cement upright post 3, so the structural gravity center of the device is very low, and the impact on ocean currents is very stable.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 6 to 8, a modular ecological proliferation bed of the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:

referring to fig. 7, the cement column 3' is a cylinder with a diameter of 40cm and a height of 40 cm; the side wall of the cement upright column 3 'is provided with 4 grooves 33' with the size of 22cm multiplied by 17cm multiplied by 10cm at even intervals.

Referring to fig. 8, the basalt pipe fitting 4 ' has the dimensions of 100cm long, 10cm wide, 20cm high and 1cm thick, and is formed by splicing and combining two basalt workpieces 42 ' with C-shaped cross sections and 6 openings 41 ' on the side surfaces; the size of the openings 41 'is 15cm × 5cm, and the adjacent openings 41' have a space of 10 cm; the openings 41 'on the two basalt workpieces 42' are staggered in position and not directly opposite.

The basalt pipe fitting 4 ' of the embodiment is fixed by inserting the end part of the basalt pipe fitting into the groove 33 ' of the cement upright post 3 ', but the basalt pipe fitting 4 ' is not adhered to the cement upright post 3 ' so as to be conveniently dismounted at any time.

In addition to the above embodiments, the sizes and shapes of the components of the present invention, including the basalt pipe fitting, the basalt grid, and the cement column, are not limited to the sizes specified in the above embodiments. Any form which can ensure that the pipes and the grating are densely paved on the seabed can be taken as the content of the invention. For example, the basalt pipe fitting can be a circular pipe with a diameter of 11cm, and correspondingly, a circular hole needs to be reserved on the side surface of the cement upright post to match with the pipe fitting; the side surface of the cement upright post is not necessarily provided with four holes which are uniformly distributed, but can be three or six, and then the shape of the single fish reef unit is correspondingly changed into a regular hexagon or a regular triangle. But comprehensively considering the difficulty of manufacturing, transporting and laying parts, the square basalt pipe fitting and the square fish reef unit are taken as the most suitable scheme.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A modular ecological multiplication bed comprises a multiplication bed body; the method is characterized in that: the proliferation bed body comprises a plurality of fish reef units which are mutually assembled; the fish reef unit comprises a basalt grid, a plurality of stand columns and a plurality of basalt pipe fittings; the plurality of upright posts are pressed on the basalt grille; the basalt pipe fitting is of a hollow tubular structure, and the pipe wall of the basalt pipe fitting is provided with a plurality of staggered open holes; two ends of the basalt pipe fitting are respectively connected with the two upright posts, and the upright posts are connected through the basalt pipe fitting; the adjacent fish reef units share the upright post and the basalt pipe fittings.

2. The modular ecological proliferation bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: each fish reef unit is of a quadrilateral structure formed by four upright posts and four basalt pipe pieces connected with the four upright posts.

3. The modular ecological proliferation bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mesh size of the basalt grid is 25-26 mm.

4. The modular ecological proliferation bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upright column comprises an upright column body, and a plurality of insertion blocks are arranged on the side wall of the upright column body; the end part of the basalt pipe fitting is sleeved on the inserting block.

5. The modular ecological proliferation bed according to claim 4, characterized in that: the stand body is eight prismatic, the lateral wall of stand body is equipped with four the grafting piece, four two liang of opposite of grafting piece.

6. The modular ecological proliferation bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side wall of the upright post is provided with a plurality of grooves; the end part of the basalt pipe fitting is inserted in the groove.

7. The modular ecological proliferation bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upright columns are cement upright columns.

8. The modular ecological proliferation bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the basalt pipe fitting is characterized in that a plurality of openings are formed in the pipe walls on two opposite sides of the basalt pipe fitting, and the positions of the openings in the pipe walls on the two sides are not directly opposite.

9. The modular ecological proliferation bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the basalt pipe fitting is formed by splicing and combining two basalt workpieces provided with a plurality of openings, and the positions of the openings on the two basalt workpieces are not directly opposite.

10. The modular ecological proliferation bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the basalt pipe fitting is a square pipe.