CN112798261A

CN112798261A - Shield constructs quick-witted tool bit wearing and tearing monitoring sensor based on fiber grating

Info

Publication number: CN112798261A
Application number: CN202110163343.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘柯
Original assignee: Tianjin Qiu Shi Fiber Technologies Co ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Qiu Shi Fiber Technologies Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-05
Filing date: 2021-02-05
Publication date: 2021-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-05
Also published as: CN112798261B

Abstract

The invention discloses a shield machine tool bit wear monitoring sensor based on fiber bragg grating, which is provided with a matrix, wherein n fiber cores with the serial numbers of G1, G2 and G3.. Gn are arranged in the matrix, and each fiber core is provided with m fiber cores which are arranged at intervals, the length direction of each fiber core is consistent with the wear monitoring direction of the sensor, and the serial number of each fiber core is f_NThe position (i, j) of the grating satisfies N ═ j-1 x N + i, i is the sequential index of the fiber core, j is the sequential index of the grating on the same fiber core, N is the number of the fiber cores, N is the overall sequential index of all the gratings of the sensor, and the grating f is the grating₁Of wear end and sensorThe wearing ends are parallel and level, the distances between all the gratings and the wearing ends of the sensors are sequentially increased from small to large, the gratings are sequentially arranged in an adjacent and overlapped mode, and the gratings f_NConvex grating f_N+1Has a length of grating f_NThe monitoring length is set, each fiber core is packaged in one ceramic insert core, all the ceramic insert cores are packaged in the matrix, each fiber core is provided with a tail fiber exposed out of the matrix, and the tail fiber is used as a sensor joint. The invention can improve the monitoring precision of the wear of the shield machine tool bit.

Description

Shield constructs quick-witted tool bit wearing and tearing monitoring sensor based on fiber grating

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of shield tunneling machine equipment, and particularly relates to a shield tunneling machine tool bit abrasion monitoring sensor based on fiber bragg gratings.

Background

With the development of economic society and scientific technology, underground engineering construction such as subway tunnels and the like is more and more, wherein the shield machine plays a great role as a main machine for underground construction. The detection of the wear loss of the cutter head of the shield machine is a key problem related to the shield construction efficiency and safety of underground engineering construction. The tunneling cutter head of the shield machine is a consumption-type device, and the abrasion condition of the cutter head is influenced by various factors such as tunneling parameters, geology, temperature and the like of the shield machine, so that the abrasion rate is not constant, and the accurate time for replacing the cutter cannot be known. The cutter is replaced too early, so that the cutter waste is caused, the operation danger possibility is increased due to the increase of the cutter replacing frequency, and the working efficiency of construction and construction is reduced; if the cutter is replaced too late, not only the damage of the shield machine equipment can be caused, but also serious casualty construction accidents can be caused, and meanwhile, the danger of the shield machine equipment can be increased by replacing the cutter. The traditional oil pressure detection means for the preset abrasion block cannot accurately and timely obtain the abrasion loss of the cutter head, the precision is not high enough, and the disturbance of DCF (dispersion compensation) caused by environmental factors such as temperature fluctuation and mechanical vibration exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a shield machine tool bit abrasion monitoring sensor based on fiber bragg grating for solving the technical problems in the known technology, and the sensor can improve the shield machine tool bit abrasion monitoring precision.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems in the prior art is as follows: the wear monitoring sensor for the shield machine tool bit based on the fiber bragg grating is provided with a base body, n fiber cores with the serial numbers of G1, G2 and G3.. Gn are arranged in the base body, and m fiber cores are arranged on each fiber core at intervals, the length direction of each fiber core is consistent with the wear monitoring direction of the sensor, and the serial number of each fiber core is f_NThe position (i, j) of the grating satisfies the condition that N is (j-1) multiplied by N + i, i is the sequence number of the fiber core, j is the sequence number of the grating on the same fiber core, N is the number of the fiber cores, N is the integral sequence number of all the gratings of the sensor, and light is emittedGrid f₁The grating and the sensor are parallel and level, the distances between the grating and the sensor are sequentially increased from small to large, the grating and the sensor are sequentially and adjacently overlapped, and the grating f_NConvex grating f_N+1Has a length of grating f_NThe monitoring length is set, each fiber core is packaged in one ceramic insert core, all the ceramic insert cores are packaged in the matrix, each fiber core is provided with a tail fiber exposed out of the matrix, and the tail fiber is used as a sensor joint.

The base body is made of a screw.

All gratings f_NThe central reflection wavelength of (a) is decreased from small to large according to the number.

The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the fiber bragg grating is embedded into the ceramic insert core, the ceramic insert core is packaged in the hollow screw, the fiber bragg grating, the ceramic insert core and the cutter head of the shield machine are abraded simultaneously, the abrasion loss is calculated by utilizing the characteristic that the power of the fiber bragg grating is reduced due to the fact that the length of a grating area is shortened, in order to improve the sensing precision of the abrasion monitoring sensor, a structure that a plurality of gratings are arranged on a plurality of optical fibers and are overlapped in sequence is adopted, the gratings are subjected to relay monitoring, when one grating is abraded to the monitoring end position with lower reflectivity, the grating begins to be abandoned and used, the next grating is started to be used for monitoring, and the abrasion monitoring precision is greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an application of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the grating arrangement of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a laser light source; 2. a fiber coupler; 3. a circulator; 4. an optical branching box; 5. a wear monitoring sensor; 5-1, a substrate; 5-2, ceramic ferrule; 5-3, a fiber core; 5-4, grating; 6. a signal acquisition module; 7. a wireless transceiver module A; 8. a wireless transceiver module B; 9. and a host computer.

Detailed Description

In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

referring to fig. 2 to 3, a wear monitoring sensor for a shield machine tool bit based on fiber bragg grating, the wear monitoring sensor 5 is provided with a base body 5-1, n fiber cores 5-3 with the numbers of G1, G2 and G3.. Gn are arranged in the base body 5-1, and m fiber cores 5-3 are arranged at intervals, the length direction of each fiber core is consistent with the wear monitoring direction of the sensor, and the number of each fiber core is f_NGrating 5-4, grating f_NThe position (i, j) of (i) satisfies the condition that N is (j-1) multiplied by N + i, i is the sequential number of fiber cores, j is the sequential number of gratings on the same fiber core, N is the number of fiber cores, N is the overall sequential number of all gratings of the sensor, and the grating f is the overall sequential number of the gratings of the sensor₁Is flush with the wear end of the sensor, all gratings f_NThe distance from the wear end of the sensor is sequentially increased from small to large, and the gratings f are sequentially arranged in an adjacent and overlapped mode_NConvex grating f_N+1Has a length of grating f_NSetting a monitoring length; n fiber cores 5-3 numbered as G1, G2 and G G3.. Gn are respectively encapsulated in n ceramic ferrules 5-2, all the ceramic ferrules 5-2 are encapsulated in the matrix 5-1, the n fiber cores 5-3 numbered as G1, G2 and G G3.. Gn are respectively provided with tail fibers exposed out of the matrix 5-1, and the tail fibers are used as sensor connectors. N and m are integers of 1 or more.

Referring to fig. 1, in use, the wear monitoring sensor 5 is mounted on a cutter head of a shield machine, a laser light source 1 is adopted as a light source, the laser light source 1 is connected with a plurality of wear monitoring sensors 5 connected in parallel through a light splitting assembly, all the wear monitoring sensors 5 are connected with a signal acquisition module 6 through a light path assembly, a photoelectric detector is arranged in the signal acquisition module 6, the photoelectric detector converts a reflected light power signal input into the signal acquisition module 6 into an electrical signal and modulates the electrical signal, and the modulated electrical signal is transmitted to an upper computer 9 through a communication system.

The light splitting component comprises an optical fiber coupler 2 connected with the laser light source 1, a plurality of circulators 3 connected with the optical fiber coupler 2 in parallel, and an optical splitter 4 connected with the circulators 3, wherein a plurality of wear monitoring sensors 5 are connected with the optical splitter 4 in parallel; the optical path component comprises the optical junction box 4 and a plurality of circulators 3 connected with the optical junction box 4, and all the circulators 3 are connected with the signal acquisition module 6. Light emitted from the laser light source 1 sequentially passes through the optical fiber coupler 2, the plurality of circulators 3 connected in parallel and the optical branching box 4 to enter the plurality of wear monitoring sensors 5 connected in parallel, and reflected light of the wear monitoring sensors 5 sequentially passes through the optical branching box 4 and the plurality of circulators 4 connected in parallel to enter the signal acquisition module 6. The optical fiber coupler 2 divides light generated by the laser light source 1 into a plurality of channels, optical signals of each channel pass through the circulator 3 corresponding to the optical fiber coupler and then are reflected by the grating inside the abrasion monitoring sensor 5, reflected optical signals enter the signal acquisition module 6 through the circulator 3 to be subjected to photoelectric conversion and signal demodulation, and then are transmitted to the host computer 9 through the communication system, and the host computer calculates the abrasion loss of the abrasion monitoring sensor from an abrasion end according to the abrasion direction, namely the abrasion loss of the cutter head of the shield machine.

In this embodiment, the base 5-1 is made of a screw rod, so as to facilitate installation and use. The central reflection wavelengths of all the gratings 5-4 are sequentially decreased from small to large according to the serial numbers, so that the manufacturing and the application are convenient. The communication system comprises a wireless transceiving module A7 connected with the signal acquisition module 6 and a wireless transceiving module B8 wirelessly connected with the wireless transceiving module A7, wherein the wireless transceiving module B8 is connected with the host computer 9, so that the monitoring sensor can be conveniently applied to the shield machine. However, the communication system is not limited to the above-described wireless communication system, and may be a wired communication system. The laser light source 1 is a tunable laser light source and has the characteristics of high output light power, narrow line width, high wavelength precision, good power stability and the like.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The shield tunneling machine tool bit wear monitoring sensor based on the fiber bragg grating is characterized by being provided with a base body, n fiber cores with the serial numbers of G1, G2 and G3.. Gn are arranged in the base body, and m fiber cores are arranged on each fiber core at intervals, the length direction of each fiber core is consistent with the wear monitoring direction of the sensor, and the serial number of each fiber core is f_NThe position (i, j) of the grating satisfies the condition that N is (j-1) multiplied by N + i, i is the sequential index of the fiber core, j is the sequential serial number of the grating on the same fiber core, N is the number of the fiber cores, N is the overall sequential serial number of all the gratings of the sensor, and the grating f is the grating₁The grating and the sensor are parallel and level, the distances between the grating and the sensor are sequentially increased from small to large, the grating and the sensor are sequentially and adjacently overlapped, and the grating f_NConvex grating f_N+1Has a length of grating f_NThe monitoring length is set, each fiber core is packaged in one ceramic insert core, all the ceramic insert cores are packaged in the matrix, each fiber core is provided with a tail fiber exposed out of the matrix, and the tail fiber is used as a sensor joint.

2. The fiber grating-based shield tunneling machine tool bit wear monitoring sensor according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is made of a screw.

3. The fiber grating-based shield tunneling machine tool bit wear monitoring sensor according to claim 1, wherein the central reflection wavelengths of all the gratings decrease from small to large according to the number.