CN112794921A - Fine extraction process and preparation method of sweet potato starch - Google Patents
Fine extraction process and preparation method of sweet potato starch Download PDFInfo
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- CN112794921A CN112794921A CN202110003111.8A CN202110003111A CN112794921A CN 112794921 A CN112794921 A CN 112794921A CN 202110003111 A CN202110003111 A CN 202110003111A CN 112794921 A CN112794921 A CN 112794921A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B30/00—Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
- C08B30/04—Extraction or purification
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N7/00—Peeling vegetables or fruit
- A23N7/02—Peeling potatoes, apples or similarly shaped vegetables or fruit
- A23N7/023—Peeling potatoes, apples or similarly shaped vegetables or fruit one by one
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
- B26D3/18—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor to obtain cubes or the like
- B26D3/185—Grid like cutters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
- B26D3/18—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor to obtain cubes or the like
- B26D3/22—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor to obtain cubes or the like using rotating knives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B30/00—Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
- C08B30/02—Preparatory treatment, e.g. crushing of raw materials or steeping process
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sweet potato starch fine extraction process and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of sweet potato starch processing, and the sweet potato starch fine extraction process and the preparation method thereof comprise the following steps: selecting: selecting fresh sweet potatoes, wherein the selected variety of the sweet potatoes is a high-starch special variety; cleaning; peeling and cutting; grinding and pulping; mixing the slurry; standing and precipitating; secondary pulp blending; precipitating and fermenting; rinsing and powdering; the method has the advantages that the method is dry, the skins of the sweet potatoes are removed in advance through the steps of peeling and slicing, the impurities such as alkalinity, germs, silt, fibers and the like in the subsequent sweet potato starch are reduced, the extraction efficiency and the purity of the sweet potato starch are effectively improved, the protein in the sweet potato starch is effectively separated through the subsequent processes of pulp mixing, pulp mixing for the second time and fermentation, the extraction purity of the sweet potato starch is further improved, the quality and the grade of the sweet potato starch are further effectively improved, and the economic benefit of the sweet potato starch is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sweet potato starch processing, in particular to a fine extraction process of sweet potato starch and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The sweet potato is an annual herbaceous plant, the underground part of the sweet potato has round, elliptical or spindle-shaped tuberous roots, stems are horizontal or raised, occasionally wound and multi-branched, the shape and the color of leaves are different according to different varieties, the leaves are usually in a wide oval shape, the lengths of leaf stalks are different, the parasol inflorescences are axillary, the shapes of capsules are oval or oblate, 1-4 seeds are usually 2 seeds, and the seeds are hairless.
Sweet potato is rich in nutrition, and contains abundant sugar, protein, fat, various vitamins and minerals, carotene and vitamin C. Japanese researchers have also recently found that sweet potatoes contain anticancer substances that inhibit the growth of cancer cells. In experiments, the sweet potatoes find that the sweet potatoes contain anti-cancer substances for inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. In experiments, the concentrated four-fold sweet potato juice has about one fifth stronger inhibition effect on cancer cell proliferation than the common sweet potato juice. They also found that the residue after the starch production from sweet potato contains a substance that inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells. The sweet potato which is eaten by people in daily life also contains the substance for inhibiting cancer.
Sweet potato starch is powder made of sweet potato, and the sweet potato powder is granular, has two kinds of coarse grains and fine grains, and is usually purchased in home preferably as the coarse grains. Sweet potato starch is the same as corn starch, and the viscosity of sweet potato powder is higher than that of corn starch because of being melted in water and heated to be sticky, so that the sweet potato powder is less used when the Chinese cabbage is thickened, and the viscosity is difficult to control. The method is applied to making Chinese snacks such as mountain flour dumplings and the like.
Along with the improvement of living standard and the increase of the demand of the market for the sweet potato starch, the extraction of the sweet potato starch continuously realizes industrialization and mechanization, the existing extraction process of the sweet potato starch is to carry out the processes of cleaning, crushing, filtering and drying the sweet potato so as to obtain the sweet potato starch, but the sweet potato starch prepared in the process of the process steps has more impurities, such as higher crude fiber and protein content, reduces the purity of the sweet potato starch, influences the grade of obtaining the sweet potato starch and reduces the economic benefit of the sweet potato starch.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a sweet potato starch fine extraction process and a preparation method thereof, which can remove the skins of sweet potatoes in advance through the steps of peeling and cutting, reduce the impurities such as alkalinity, germs, silt, fiber and the like in the subsequent sweet potato starch, effectively improve the extraction efficiency and purity of the sweet potato starch, effectively separate proteins in the sweet potato starch through the subsequent processes of pulp mixing, secondary pulp mixing and fermentation, further improve the extraction purity of the sweet potato starch, further effectively improve the quality and grade of the sweet potato starch, and improve the economic benefit of the sweet potato starch.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A fine extraction process of sweet potato starch comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting: selecting fresh sweet potatoes, wherein the selected variety of the sweet potatoes is a high-starch special variety;
s2, cleaning: cleaning the sweet potatoes by using cleaning equipment to remove surface mud blocks;
s3, peeling and cutting: taking out the skins of the sweet potatoes through peeling equipment, and dividing the skins into small pieces;
s4, grinding and pulping: feeding sweet potato blocks into a grinding device for grinding, adding a certain proportion of water into the grinding device for pulping, and filtering the pulp water through a filter sieve;
s5, slurry mixing: putting the filtered pulp water into pulp mixing equipment, adding the acid pulp and the water in proportion, controlling the concentration and the acidity of the pulp water, and separating starch and protein;
s6, standing and precipitating: standing and precipitating the solution after mixing the slurry for 25-40min, and discharging back mixed solution on the upper layer;
s7, secondary slurry mixing: adding normal temperature water in a certain proportion into the starch precipitate in the slurry mixing equipment, and stirring to synthesize a starch solution;
s8, precipitation fermentation: controlling the temperature of pulp mixing equipment to be 18-25 ℃, stirring for 24h regularly, then standing and precipitating for 25-40min, discharging the acid pulp solution on the upper layer, preserving for later use, discharging starch precipitate, and filtering by using a filter sieve;
s9, rinsing and powdering: adding the filtered starch into a rinsing device, continuously rinsing the starch by using clear water, precipitating for 24 hours, discharging the small slurry on the upper layer for preservation, cleaning an oil powder layer on the surface of the starch, discharging for preservation, and finally taking out the starch on the lower side;
s10, drying: dividing starch into small pieces with uniform size, and drying in a drying room to obtain powder. The method has the advantages that the skin of the sweet potato is removed in advance through the steps of peeling and slicing, the impurities such as alkalinity, germs, silt, fibers and the like in the subsequent sweet potato starch are reduced, the extraction efficiency and the purity of the sweet potato starch are effectively improved, the protein in the sweet potato starch is effectively separated through the subsequent processes of mixing pulp, mixing pulp for the second time and fermenting, the extraction purity of the sweet potato starch is further improved, the quality and the grade of the sweet potato starch are further effectively improved, and the economic benefit of the sweet potato starch is improved.
Further, in the step S4, the weight ratio of the sweet potatoes to the added water is 1: 2.5-4.
Further, the filter sieve used in the step S4 has a pore size of 50-70 meshes, and the filter sieve used in the step S8 has a pore size of 120-140 meshes. Coarse fibers with larger particles are separated in advance through a filter sieve with 50-70 meshes, and then the mixture of starch and protein is separated through a filter sieve with 120-140 meshes, so that sweet potato starch with higher precision is effectively obtained, the impurity content in the extraction process of the sweet potato starch is reduced, and the extraction efficiency is improved.
Further, the PH of the wintercherry solution added in the step S5 is 3.6-4.0.
Further, the concentration of the starch solution in the pulp mixing equipment in the step S5 is 3.5-4.0 Baume degrees, and the content of the acid pulp solution added is 1.5% -2.2% of the starch solution content.
Further, in the step S6, a PH detection probe is disposed in the slurry mixing device, and when the PH value of the mixed solution is detected to be 5 to 6, the mixed solution starts to stand for precipitation. By controlling the pH value of the starch solution after the slurry blending, the protein can be effectively separated, more accurate numerical control is effectively achieved, the rationalization of the fine extraction process is improved, and the controllability of the technological process is improved.
Further, the peeling equipment comprises a casing, a conveying guide seat is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the casing, a conveying mechanism is connected to the upper end of the conveying guide seat, a guide cavity on the left side of the conveying mechanism is fixedly connected to the inside of the casing, an annular support block is fixedly connected to the front end of the guide cavity, a peeling mechanism is connected to the front end of the annular support block, a grating plate located on the front side of the peeling mechanism is fixedly connected to the inside of the casing, a grating dicing cutter is fixedly connected to the inside of the grating plate, a connecting ring is fixedly connected to the right end of the grating plate, a cutting mechanism located on the rear side of the peeling mechanism is connected to the inside of the casing, and a peeling groove matched with the peeling mechanism;
the peeling mechanism comprises a peeling rotating sleeve, the right end of the peeling rotating sleeve is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped knife rest, a plurality of obliquely arranged peeling knives are connected in the arc-shaped knife rest, the right end of the arc-shaped knife rest is rotationally connected with an annular support block, a rotating groove matched with the connecting ring is formed in the left end of the peeling rotating sleeve, and the peeling rotating sleeve is rotationally connected with the connecting ring. Rotate through the skinning sword, effectively strike off the epidermis of sweet potato, effectively before making sweet potato starch thick liquid, it is clear with the impurity that has in the sweet potato epidermis, improve follow-up sweet potato starch's extraction purity, improve the efficiency of sweet potato starch extraction process, effectively guarantee sweet potato starch's quality to when reducing impurity content in the sweet potato starch, effectively improve the control accuracy in the follow-up extraction step.
Further, conveying mechanism is including carrying motor, casing upper end fixed mounting has carrying motor, carry a plurality of bull sticks of guide seat upper end fixedly connected with, bull stick outer end fixedly connected with elasticity conveying roller is located the right side the bull stick upper end extends to the casing outside to be connected with band pulley transmission group, the conveying motor lower extreme is connected with the bull stick. The conveying motor drives the rotating rod to rotate through the belt wheel transmission set, so that the elastic conveying roller drives the sweet potatoes to move, power is provided for the sweet potatoes to move in the machine shell, the direction of the sweet potatoes is effectively guided, the peeling mechanism is convenient to further process the sweet potatoes, and the working efficiency of the peeling mechanism is effectively improved.
Further, shutdown mechanism is including cutting off the motor, inner wall fixedly connected with cuts off the motor behind the casing, cut off motor left end fixedly connected with and cut off the pivot, cut off pivot outer end fixedly connected with and the runner assorted wheel that cuts off, and cut off the wheel and be connected with the runner through the drive belt, cut off the outside that the pivot left end extends to the grid board to fixedly connected with and grid stripping and slicing sword assorted cut off the blade. The cutting motor drives the peeling rotating sleeve to rotate through the cutting wheel, the peeling knife can peel sweet potatoes, the cutting motor drives the cutting blade to rotate through the cutting rotating shaft, the grid slicing knife is divided into sweet potatoes after the sweet potatoes are cut into blocks, the size of the sweet potatoes is further reduced, the efficiency of subsequent processing is improved, the output power of the cutting motor is effectively and reasonably utilized, and the energy use is improved.
In addition, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the sweet potato starch, which comprises the following steps:
s1, putting the cleaned sweet potatoes on a conveying device;
s2, conveying the sweet potatoes to the right side of the machine shell one by the conveying device, and moving the sweet potatoes into the machine shell under the guidance of the conveying mechanism;
s3, guiding the sweet potatoes to move towards a peeling mechanism by a guide cavity, driving the peeling mechanism to rotate by a cutting mechanism, enabling a peeling knife to continuously rotate, taking out the skins at the outer ends of the sweet potatoes, and enabling the skins of the sweet potatoes to fall out of a peeling groove;
s4, continuously moving the peeled sweet potatoes to a grating plate due to the driving force of the subsequent sweet potatoes, and cutting the sweet potatoes into strips through a grating cutting knife;
s5, rotating a cutting mechanism to match with the grid slicing knife, and cutting the sweet potatoes which are divided into long strips into blocks;
s6, collecting the sweet potato blocks and transferring the sweet potato blocks to the next procedure. The peel of the sweet potatoes is treated, the extraction precision of the starch of the sweet potatoes is effectively improved, and the peeling mechanism, the grating dicing cutter and the cutting mechanism in the shell are mutually matched, so that the automatic operation of peeling the sweet potatoes is improved, the sweet potato processing efficiency is effectively improved, the manual input is reduced, and the labor intensity is reduced.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the scheme, the peel of the sweet potato is removed in advance through the step of peeling and cutting, the impurities such as alkalinity, germs, silt, fibers and the like in the subsequent sweet potato starch are reduced, the extraction efficiency and purity of the sweet potato starch are effectively improved, the protein in the sweet potato starch is effectively separated through the subsequent processes of mixing the pulp, secondarily mixing the pulp and fermenting, the extraction purity of the sweet potato starch is further improved, the quality and grade of the sweet potato starch are further effectively improved, and the economic benefit of the sweet potato starch is improved.
(2) Coarse fibers with larger particles are separated in advance through a filter sieve with 50-70 meshes, and then the mixture of starch and protein is separated through a filter sieve with 120-140 meshes, so that sweet potato starch with higher precision is effectively obtained, the impurity content in the extraction process of the sweet potato starch is reduced, and the extraction efficiency is improved.
(3) By controlling the pH value of the starch solution after the slurry blending, the protein can be effectively separated, more accurate numerical control is effectively achieved, the rationalization of the fine extraction process is improved, and the controllability of the technological process is improved.
(4) Rotate through the skinning sword, effectively strike off the epidermis of sweet potato, effectively before making sweet potato starch thick liquid, it is clear with the impurity that has in the sweet potato epidermis, improve follow-up sweet potato starch's extraction purity, improve the efficiency of sweet potato starch extraction process, effectively guarantee sweet potato starch's quality to when reducing impurity content in the sweet potato starch, effectively improve the control accuracy in the follow-up extraction step.
(5) The conveying motor drives the rotating rod to rotate through the belt wheel transmission set, so that the elastic conveying roller drives the sweet potatoes to move, power is provided for the sweet potatoes to move in the machine shell, the direction of the sweet potatoes is effectively guided, the peeling mechanism is convenient to further process the sweet potatoes, and the working efficiency of the peeling mechanism is effectively improved.
(6) The cutting motor drives the peeling rotating sleeve to rotate through the cutting wheel, the peeling knife can peel sweet potatoes, the cutting motor drives the cutting blade to rotate through the cutting rotating shaft, the grid slicing knife is divided into sweet potatoes after the sweet potatoes are cut into blocks, the size of the sweet potatoes is further reduced, the efficiency of subsequent processing is improved, the output power of the cutting motor is effectively and reasonably utilized, and the energy use is improved.
(7) The peel of the sweet potatoes is treated, the extraction precision of the starch of the sweet potatoes is effectively improved, and the peeling mechanism, the grating dicing cutter and the cutting mechanism in the shell are mutually matched, so that the automatic operation of peeling the sweet potatoes is improved, the sweet potato processing efficiency is effectively improved, the manual input is reduced, and the labor intensity is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process flow structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the flow structure of the preparation method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the axle measuring structure of the peeling apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal axial structure of the peeling apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an explosive structure inside the peeling apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the peeling mechanism of the present invention in a front view;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the axial structure of the casing of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic axial view of the cutting mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the axle measuring structure of the peeling mechanism of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:
the device comprises a machine shell 1, a leather discharging groove 101, a conveying guide seat 102, a conveying mechanism 2, a conveying motor 201, a belt wheel transmission group 202, a rotating rod 203, an elastic conveying roller 204, a guide cavity 3, an annular support block 301, a peeling mechanism 4, a peeling rotating sleeve 401, an arc-shaped knife rest 402, a peeling knife 403, a rotating groove 404, a grating plate 5, a connecting ring 501, a grating block cutting knife 6, a cutting mechanism 7, a cutting motor 701, a cutting rotating shaft 702, a cutting wheel 703 and a cutting blade 704.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-9, a process for extracting sweet potato starch comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting: selecting fresh sweet potatoes, wherein the selected variety of the sweet potatoes is a high-starch special variety;
s2, cleaning: cleaning the sweet potatoes by using cleaning equipment to remove surface mud blocks;
s3, peeling and cutting: taking out the skins of the sweet potatoes through peeling equipment, and dividing the skins into small pieces;
s4, grinding and pulping: feeding sweet potato blocks into a grinding device for grinding, adding a certain proportion of water into the grinding device for pulping, and filtering the pulp water through a filter sieve;
s5, slurry mixing: putting the filtered pulp water into pulp mixing equipment, adding the acid pulp and the water in proportion, controlling the concentration and the acidity of the pulp water, and separating starch and protein;
s6, standing and precipitating: standing and precipitating the solution after mixing the slurry for 25-40min, and discharging back mixed solution on the upper layer;
s7, secondary slurry mixing: adding normal temperature water in a certain proportion into the starch precipitate in the slurry mixing equipment, and stirring to synthesize a starch solution;
s8, precipitation fermentation: controlling the temperature of pulp mixing equipment to be 18-25 ℃, stirring for 24h regularly, then standing and precipitating for 25-40min, discharging the acid pulp solution on the upper layer, preserving for later use, discharging starch precipitate, and filtering by using a filter sieve;
s9, rinsing and powdering: adding the filtered starch into a rinsing device, continuously rinsing the starch by using clear water, precipitating for 24 hours, discharging the small slurry on the upper layer for preservation, cleaning an oil powder layer on the surface of the starch, discharging for preservation, and finally taking out the starch on the lower side;
s10, drying: dividing starch into small pieces with uniform size, and drying in a drying room to obtain powder. The method has the advantages that the skin of the sweet potato is removed in advance through the steps of peeling and slicing, the impurities such as alkalinity, germs, silt, fibers and the like in the subsequent sweet potato starch are reduced, the extraction efficiency and the purity of the sweet potato starch are effectively improved, the protein in the sweet potato starch is effectively separated through the subsequent processes of mixing pulp, mixing pulp for the second time and fermenting, the extraction purity of the sweet potato starch is further improved, the quality and the grade of the sweet potato starch are further effectively improved, and the economic benefit of the sweet potato starch is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, in step S4, the weight ratio of sweet potato to water is 1: 2.5-4.
Referring to fig. 1, the filter sieve used in step S4 has a pore size of 50-70 meshes, and the filter sieve used in step S8 has a pore size of 120-140 meshes. Coarse fibers with larger particles are separated in advance through a filter sieve with 50-70 meshes, and then the mixture of starch and protein is separated through a filter sieve with 120-140 meshes, so that sweet potato starch with higher precision is effectively obtained, the impurity content in the extraction process of the sweet potato starch is reduced, and the extraction efficiency is improved.
Referring to FIG. 1, the pH of the slurry solution added in step S5 is 3.6-4.0.
Referring to fig. 1, in step S5, the concentration of the starch solution in the starch blending equipment is 3.5-4.0 baume degree, and the content of the acid pulp solution added is 1.5% -2.2% of the starch solution content.
Referring to fig. 1, in step S6, a PH detection probe is disposed in the slurry mixing device, and when the PH value of the mixed solution is detected to be 5-6, the mixed solution is allowed to stand for precipitation. By controlling the pH value of the starch solution after the slurry blending, the protein can be effectively separated, more accurate numerical control is effectively achieved, the rationalization of the fine extraction process is improved, and the controllability of the technological process is improved.
The sweet potato peels removed in the peeling and dicing process can be used as feed raw materials; the acid pulp solution discharged in the precipitation fermentation process can be used as mother liquor of acid pulp in the pulp mixing process; the small pulp discharged in the rinsing and powdering process can be used as a preparation solution of acid pulp in the pulp mixing process, and can also be used as a pulping solution in the grinding and pulping process; the oil powder solution discharged in the rinsing and powdering process can be used as feed; in the processes of grinding, pulping and precipitation fermentation, impurities filtered by a filter sieve can be used as feed; effectively improve the recycle ratio of waste material in the process of extracting the sweet potato starch, improve the economic benefit of extracting the sweet potato starch, effectively and reasonably use the existing resources, reduce the waste of resources and improve the environmental protection property of production.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1 to 9, wherein the same or corresponding components as those in embodiment 1 are designated by the same reference numerals as those in embodiment 1, only the points different from embodiment 1 will be described below for the sake of convenience. This example 2 differs from example 1 in that: referring to fig. 3, the peeling apparatus includes a housing 1, a conveying guide seat 102 is fixedly connected to a lower inner wall of the housing 1, a conveying mechanism 2 is connected to an upper end of the conveying guide seat 102, a guide cavity 3 located on a left side of the conveying mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the housing 1, an annular support block 301 is fixedly connected to a front end of the guide cavity 3, a peeling mechanism 4 is connected to a front end of the annular support block 301, a grating plate 5 located on a front side of the peeling mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the housing 1, a grating dicing cutter 6 is fixedly connected to the grating plate 5, a connecting ring 501 is fixedly connected to a right end of the grating plate 5, a cutting mechanism 7 located on a rear side of the peeling mechanism 4 is connected to the housing 1, and a peeling groove 101 matched with the peeling mechanism; referring to fig. 4-6 and fig. 9, the peeling mechanism 4 includes a peeling rotary sleeve 401, an arc-shaped knife rest 402 is fixedly connected to the right end of the peeling rotary sleeve 401, a plurality of obliquely arranged peeling knives 403 are connected to the arc-shaped knife rest 402, the right end of the arc-shaped knife rest 402 is rotatably connected to the annular support block 301, a rotary groove 404 matched with the connecting ring 501 is formed in the left end of the peeling rotary sleeve 401, and the peeling rotary sleeve 401 is rotatably connected to the connecting ring 501. Rotate through skinning sword 403, effectively strike off the epidermis of sweet potato, effectively before making sweet potato starch thick liquid, it is clear with the impurity that has in the sweet potato epidermis, improve follow-up sweet potato starch's extraction purity, improve the efficiency of sweet potato starch extraction process, effectively guarantee sweet potato starch's quality to when reducing impurity content in the sweet potato starch, effectively improve the control accuracy in the follow-up extraction step.
Referring to fig. 5, the conveying mechanism 2 includes a conveying motor 201, the conveying motor 201 is prior art, and those skilled in the art can select a suitable type of conveying motor 201 according to actual needs, for example: the model is Y80M 1-2's conveying motor 201, and casing 1 upper end fixed mounting has conveying motor 201, carries guide seat 102 upper end fixedly connected with a plurality of bull sticks 203, and bull stick 203 outer end fixedly connected with elasticity conveying roller 204 lies in right side bull stick 203 upper end and extends to the casing 1 outside to be connected with band pulley transmission group 202, and conveying motor 201 lower extreme is connected with bull stick 203. Conveying motor 201 passes through band pulley transmission group 202 and drives bull stick 203 and rotate, makes elasticity conveying roller 204 drive the sweet potato and produces the removal, for the sweet potato removes in casing 1 and provides power to effectively guide the direction of sweet potato, the peeling mechanism 4 of being convenient for effectively improves peeling mechanism 4's work efficiency to the further processing of sweet potato.
Referring to fig. 8, the cutting mechanism 7 includes a cutting motor 701, the cutting motor 701 is a prior art, and those skilled in the art can select a suitable type of cutting motor 701 according to actual needs, for example: the model is Y80M2-2, the rear inner wall of the machine shell 1 is fixedly connected with a cutting motor 701, the left end of the cutting motor 701 is fixedly connected with a cutting rotating shaft 702, the outer end of the cutting rotating shaft 702 is fixedly connected with a cutting wheel 703 matched with the rotating groove 404, the cutting wheel 703 is connected with the rotating groove 404 through a transmission belt, the left end of the cutting rotating shaft 702 extends to the outer side of the grating plate 5, and is fixedly connected with a cutting blade 704 matched with the grating dicing cutter 6. The cutting motor 701 drives the peeling rotating sleeve 401 to rotate through the cutting wheel 703, so that the peeling knife 403 can peel sweet potatoes, the cutting motor 701 drives the cutting blade 704 to rotate through the cutting rotating shaft 702, the grid dicing knife 6 is used for dicing the finished sweet potatoes, the size of the sweet potatoes is further reduced, the efficiency of subsequent processing is improved, the output power of the cutting motor 701 is effectively and reasonably utilized, and the rationalization of energy use is improved.
Referring to fig. 3-9, the method of use: the sweet potatoes are moved to the right side of the machine shell 1 in advance, the conveying motor 201 is started, the belt wheel transmission set 202 drives the rotating rod 203 to rotate, so that the rotating rod 203 continuously acts on the sweet potatoes, the sweet potatoes are moved from the conveying guide seat 102 to the guide cavity 3, and the sweet potatoes are guided by the guide cavity 3 to approach the peeling rotating sleeve 401; meanwhile, a cutting motor 701 is started, so that a cutting rotating shaft 702 drives a cutting wheel 703 to rotate, the cutting wheel 703 drives a peeling rotating sleeve 401 to rotate through a transmission belt, the peeling rotating sleeve 401 drives an arc-shaped knife rest 402 to rotate, a peeling knife 403 continuously takes out the sweet potato skin, and the scraped sweet potato skin falls out of the peeling groove 101; the peeled sweet potatoes are continuously pushed leftwards due to the fact that the sweet potatoes on the right side continuously enter, move into the grating plate 5, are cut into strips through the grating dicing cutter 6, the cutting blade 704 continuously rotates under the driving of the cutting rotating shaft 702, the sweet potatoes moving to the outer side of the grating dicing cutter 6 are cut off through the cutting blade 704, the sweet potatoes are divided into small pieces, and the peeling and dicing process of the sweet potatoes is completed.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 1 to 9, wherein the same or corresponding components as those in embodiment 1 are designated by the same reference numerals as those in embodiment 1, only the points different from embodiment 1 will be described below for the sake of convenience. This example 3 differs from example 1 in that: referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing sweet potato starch includes the following steps:
s1, putting the cleaned sweet potatoes on a conveying device;
s2, conveying the sweet potatoes to the right side of the machine shell 1 one by the conveying device, and moving the sweet potatoes into the machine shell 1 under the guidance of the conveying mechanism 2;
s3, guiding the sweet potatoes to move towards the peeling mechanism 4 by the guide cavity 3, driving the peeling mechanism 4 to rotate by the cutting mechanism 7, enabling the peeling knife 403 to continuously rotate, taking out the skins at the outer ends of the sweet potatoes, and enabling the skins of the sweet potatoes to fall out of the peeling groove 101;
s4, continuously moving the peeled sweet potatoes to a grating plate 5 due to the driving force of the subsequent sweet potatoes, and cutting the sweet potatoes into strips through a grating dicing knife 6;
s5, the cutting mechanism 7 rotates to be matched with the grating dicing cutter 6, and the sweet potatoes which are divided into long strips are cut into blocks;
s6, collecting the sweet potato blocks and transferring the sweet potato blocks to the next procedure. The peel of the sweet potatoes is treated, the extraction precision of the starch of the sweet potatoes is effectively improved, the peeling mechanism 4, the grating dicing cutter 6 and the cutting mechanism 7 in the machine shell 1 are mutually matched, the automatic operation of peeling the sweet potatoes is improved, the efficiency of processing the sweet potatoes is effectively improved, the input of manpower is reduced, and the labor intensity is reduced.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention by equivalent or modified solutions and modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fine extraction process of sweet potato starch is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting: selecting fresh sweet potatoes, wherein the selected variety of the sweet potatoes is a high-starch special variety;
s2, cleaning: cleaning the sweet potatoes by using cleaning equipment to remove surface mud blocks;
s3, peeling and cutting: taking out the skins of the sweet potatoes through peeling equipment, and dividing the skins into small pieces;
s4, grinding and pulping: feeding sweet potato blocks into a grinding device for grinding, adding a certain proportion of water into the grinding device for pulping, and filtering the pulp water through a filter sieve;
s5, slurry mixing: putting the filtered pulp water into pulp mixing equipment, adding the acid pulp and the water in proportion, controlling the concentration and the acidity of the pulp water, and separating starch and protein;
s6, standing and precipitating: standing and precipitating the solution after mixing the slurry for 25-40min, and discharging back mixed solution on the upper layer;
s7, secondary slurry mixing: adding normal temperature water in a certain proportion into the starch precipitate in the slurry mixing equipment, and stirring to synthesize a starch solution;
s8, precipitation fermentation: controlling the temperature of pulp mixing equipment to be 18-25 ℃, stirring for 24h regularly, then standing and precipitating for 25-40min, discharging the acid pulp solution on the upper layer, preserving for later use, discharging starch precipitate, and filtering by using a filter sieve;
s9, rinsing and powdering: adding the filtered starch into a rinsing device, continuously rinsing the starch by using clear water, precipitating for 24 hours, discharging the small slurry on the upper layer for preservation, cleaning an oil powder layer on the surface of the starch, discharging for preservation, and finally taking out the starch on the lower side;
s10, drying: dividing starch into small pieces with uniform size, and drying in a drying room to obtain powder.
2. The fine extraction process of sweet potato starch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S4, the weight ratio of the sweet potatoes to the added water is 1: 2.5-4.
3. The fine extraction process of sweet potato starch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the filter sieve used in the step S4 has a pore size of 50-70 meshes, and the filter sieve used in the step S8 has a pore size of 120-140 meshes.
4. The fine extraction process of sweet potato starch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pH value of the acid pulp solution added in the step S5 is 3.6-4.0.
5. The fine extraction process of sweet potato starch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the concentration of the starch solution in the pulp mixing equipment in the step S5 is 3.5-4.0 Baume degrees, and the content of the added acid pulp solution is 1.5% -2.2% of the content of the starch solution.
6. The fine extraction process of sweet potato starch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S6, a PH detection probe is arranged in the slurry mixing device, and when the PH value of the mixed solution is detected to be 5-6, standing and precipitating are started.
7. The fine extraction process of sweet potato starch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the peeling equipment comprises a machine shell (1), the lower inner wall of the machine shell (1) is fixedly connected with a conveying guide seat (102), the upper end of the conveying guide seat (102) is connected with a conveying mechanism (2), a guide cavity (3) positioned on the left side of the conveying mechanism (2) is fixedly connected in the machine shell (1), the front end of the guide cavity (3) is fixedly connected with an annular supporting block (301), the front end of the annular supporting block (301) is connected with a peeling mechanism (4), a grating plate (5) positioned at the front side of the peeling mechanism (4) is fixedly connected in the shell (1), a grating dicing knife (6) is fixedly connected in the grating plate (5), a connecting ring (501) is fixedly connected at the right end of the grating plate (5), a cutting mechanism (7) positioned at the rear side of the peeling mechanism (4) is connected in the machine shell (1), the lower end of the shell (1) is provided with a peeling groove (101) matched with the peeling mechanism (4);
peeling mechanism (4) are including peeling rotating sleeve (401), peel rotating sleeve (401) right-hand member fixedly connected with arc knife rest (402), arc knife rest (402) in-connection has a plurality of slopes to set up and peels sword (403), arc knife rest (402) right-hand member rotates with annular piece (301) to be connected, peel rotating sleeve (401) left end seted up with go-between (501) assorted turn trough (404), peel rotating sleeve (401) and go-between (501) rotate to be connected.
8. The fine extraction process of sweet potato starch according to claim 7, characterized in that: conveying mechanism (2) are including conveying motor (201), casing (1) upper end fixed mounting has conveying motor (201), carry and guide seat (102) upper end fixedly connected with a plurality of bull sticks (203), bull stick (203) outer end fixedly connected with elasticity conveying roller (204), be located the right side bull stick (203) upper end extends to casing (1) outside to be connected with pulley drive group (202), conveying motor (201) lower extreme is connected with bull stick (203).
9. The fine extraction process of sweet potato starch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: shutdown mechanism (7) are including cutting off motor (701), inner wall fixedly connected with cuts off motor (701) behind casing (1), cut off motor (701) left end fixedly connected with and cut off pivot (702), cut off pivot (702) outer end fixedly connected with and rotary trough (404) assorted cutting off wheel (703), and cut off wheel (703) and be connected with rotary trough (404) through the drive belt, cut off the outside that pivot (702) left end extended to grid board (5) to fixedly connected with cuts off blade (704) with grid dicing sword (6) assorted.
10. The preparation method of sweet potato starch according to claim 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, putting the cleaned sweet potatoes on a conveying device;
s2, conveying the sweet potatoes to the right side of the machine shell (1) one by the conveying device, and moving the sweet potatoes into the machine shell (1) under the guidance of the conveying mechanism (2);
s3, the sweet potato is guided to move towards the peeling mechanism (4) by the guide cavity (3), the cutting mechanism (7) drives the peeling mechanism (4) to rotate, the peeling knife (403) is made to rotate continuously, the outer skin of the outer end of the sweet potato is taken out, and the sweet potato skin falls out of the peeling groove (101);
s4, continuously moving the peeled sweet potatoes to a grating plate (5) due to the driving force of the subsequent sweet potatoes, and cutting the sweet potatoes into strips through a grating dicing knife (6);
s5, rotating a cutting mechanism (7) to be matched with the grid slicing knife (6) to cut the sweet potatoes which are divided into long strips into blocks;
s6, collecting the sweet potato blocks and transferring the sweet potato blocks to the next procedure.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113999323A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-01 | 赵素华 | Production method of sweet potato starch |
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Application publication date: 20210514 |