CN112791120A - Oral emulsion and its prepn and use - Google Patents

Oral emulsion and its prepn and use Download PDF

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CN112791120A
CN112791120A CN201911022519.9A CN201911022519A CN112791120A CN 112791120 A CN112791120 A CN 112791120A CN 201911022519 A CN201911022519 A CN 201911022519A CN 112791120 A CN112791120 A CN 112791120A
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oral emulsion
emulsifier
emulsion
oil
pharmaceutical
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CN112791120B (en
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聂红梅
赵家欣
胡昱
石江林
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Beijing Grand Johamu Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a medicine oral emulsion, which comprises a medicine composition consisting of eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene, an emulsifier and a co-emulsifier, wherein the emulsifier is selected from two or more of tween 80, tween 20, span 80, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil and poloxamer 188. The invention also provides a method for preparing the medicine oral emulsion and application of the medicine oral emulsion. The oral emulsion can reduce gastrointestinal irritation and improve patient compliance, and has small droplet size, good centrifugal stability and good drug absorption promoting effect.

Description

Oral emulsion and its prepn and use
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical preparations, in particular to a pharmaceutical oral emulsion and a preparation method and application thereof. More specifically, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical oral emulsion containing eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The medicine composition of eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene is a kind of cough relieving, inflammation diminishing and phlegm eliminating medicine with determined curative effect. At present, only enteric soft capsules are available for oral preparations containing eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene, the problem of dysphagia is found in the market sale of children, and meanwhile, if the capsules are cracked and released in the stomach, pungent smell is reflected from the stomach, and the capsules also have certain irritation to the stomach. Meanwhile, the existing dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition has the problem of poor administration compliance of patients.
Therefore, there is a need to develop an oral formulation that reduces gastrointestinal irritation and improves patient compliance.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a pharmaceutical oral emulsion that reduces gastrointestinal irritation and improves patient compliance. The medicinal oral emulsion has good centrifugal stability, the particle size of liquid drops can reach the nanometer level, and the medicinal absorption can be promoted.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the pharmaceutical oral emulsion of the present invention.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a use of the pharmaceutical oral emulsion of the present invention.
In the present invention, the term "Emulsion" refers to a non-uniformly dispersed liquid preparation in which one phase is dispersed in a liquid of the other phase in a droplet state, wherein the two phases are immiscible with each other.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical oral emulsion comprising a pharmaceutical composition consisting of eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene, and an emulsifier and a co-emulsifier, wherein the emulsifier is selected from two or more of tween 80, tween 20, span 80, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil and poloxamer 188.
The pharmaceutical oral emulsion provided by the invention is characterized in that the emulsifier is a tween 80 and span 80 compound emulsifier.
The medicine oral emulsion provided by the invention is characterized in that the content of the emulsifier is 3.0-6.0%, preferably 4.0-5.5% based on the weight of the medicine oral emulsion.
The pharmaceutical oral emulsion provided by the invention further comprises a co-emulsifier, wherein the co-emulsifier is selected from one or more of ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerol and polyethylene glycol, preferably one or more of propylene glycol, glycerol and polyethylene glycol 400, more preferably propylene glycol, and most preferably 1, 2-propylene glycol.
The pharmaceutical oral emulsion provided by the invention comprises 1.0-3.0% of the co-emulsifier, preferably 1.2-1.8% of the co-emulsifier based on the weight of the pharmaceutical oral emulsion.
The pharmaceutical oral emulsion provided by the invention further comprises oil and water; preferably, the oil or fat is selected from one or more of soybean oil, medium chain triglycerides and ethyl oleate, most preferably soybean oil.
The pharmaceutical oral emulsion provided by the invention comprises 5.0-20% of pharmaceutical composition by weight, preferably 5.0-13.0% of pharmaceutical composition by weight.
The medicine oral emulsion provided by the invention comprises 1.0-8.0% of oil and fat and 72.0-85.0% of water based on the weight of the medicine oral emulsion; preferably, the content of the grease is 3.0-5.0%, and the content of the water is 75.0-82.0%.
The pharmaceutical oral emulsion provided by the invention comprises 40.0-65.0% of eucalyptol, 20.0-45.0% of limonene and 5.0-25.0% of alpha-pinene based on the weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
According to the oral pharmaceutical emulsion provided by the invention, preferably, the emulsifier is two or more of tween 80, span 80, polyoxyethylene castor oil and poloxamer 188. Most preferably, the emulsifier is a mixture of span 80 and tween 80. In a most preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of span 80 to tween 80 is 1: 4-99.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pharmaceutical oral emulsion is an oil-in-water emulsion.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pharmaceutical oral emulsion may further comprise flavoring agents, preservatives and/or stabilizers; preferably, the flavoring agent accounts for 0.5-3.0%, the preservative accounts for 0.1-1.2% and/or the stabilizer accounts for 0.05-0.15% of the weight of the oral pharmaceutical emulsion.
In certain embodiments of the invention, the flavoring agent is a sweetener and/or a fragrance; the preservative is selected from one or more of sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, ethylparaben and sorbic acid; and/or the stabilizer is selected from hydroxymethyl cellulose and/or xanthan gum.
In certain embodiments of the invention, the sweetener is selected from one or more of steviol glycosides, sucrose, sodium saccharin, and aspartame; and/or the aromatic is selected from one or more of sweet orange essential oil, lemon essence, sweet orange essence and peppermint oil.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the pharmaceutical oral emulsion of the present invention, comprising the steps of:
(1) weighing the raw materials, adding eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene into grease, and uniformly mixing to obtain medicated grease;
(2) adding emulsifier and co-emulsifier into the medicated oil, and mixing completely to form oil phase;
(3) directly using water as water phase or adding optional correctant, antiseptic and/or stabilizer into water, and mixing completely to form water phase;
(4) pouring the oil phase into the water phase, and mixing uniformly to obtain the medicinal oral emulsion.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the mixing conditions in steps (1) to (3) of the preparation process comprise: stirring the mixture in a constant temperature water bath at 10-40 ℃, preferably 30 ℃, at a rotating speed of 30-60 r/min, preferably 45-55 r/min for 0.5-2 hours, preferably 1 hour. Preferably, in the step (4), the mixing is performed by an ultrasonic method, a milling method, a high-speed shearing method, and/or a homogenizing method.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, in step (4) of the preparation method, the pharmaceutical oral emulsion may be prepared by: shearing for 8-12 min (such as 10 min) at 8000-12000 r/min (such as 10000 r/min) with a high-speed shearing machine, and homogenizing for 2-5 min (such as 3 min) under 10-30 bar (such as 20 bar) pressure after shearing to obtain the oral emulsion.
In other embodiments of the present invention, in the step (4) of the preparation method, the pharmaceutical oral emulsion may be further prepared by: performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic instrument with frequency of 40-60 Hz, such as 50Hz, for 0.5-2 hours, such as 1 hour, to obtain primary emulsion, and then circulating in a homogenizer at 40-60 bar, such as 50bar, for 3-6 minutes, such as 5 minutes, to obtain the oral emulsion.
In a further aspect, the invention provides the use of a pharmaceutical oral emulsion according to the invention for the preparation of a medicament for relieving cough, diminishing inflammation and/or eliminating phlegm.
The types of emulsifiers and co-emulsifiers have a great influence on the emulsifying effect and the centrifugal stability of the prepared pharmaceutical oral emulsion. The inventors have unexpectedly found that for the pharmaceutical composition comprising eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene according to the present invention, when the emulsifier and/or co-emulsifier specified in the present invention is used, the resulting oral emulsion has better emulsifying effect, smaller emulsion droplet size, and better centrifugal stability. And other emulsifiers and co-emulsifiers are adopted, so that a good emulsifying effect is difficult to achieve, the particle size of emulsion droplets is large, and more layers are formed after centrifugation. In particular, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the best effect can be achieved by using a tween 80 and span 80 compound emulsifier as an emulsifier and cooperatively using propylene glycol as a co-emulsifier. The medicinal oral emulsion has good cough relieving, inflammation diminishing and/or phlegm eliminating effects.
The oral emulsion of the medicine has the following characteristics:
1. the medicinal oral emulsion is an oil-in-water emulsion, has small droplet size, is beneficial to accelerating medicament absorption, covering the irritation of volatile oil substances, reducing gastrointestinal adverse reactions and improving the medicament taking compliance of patients;
2. the oral emulsion of the medicine has good centrifugal stability and meets the requirements of pharmacopoeia;
3. the oily medicine is prepared into oral emulsion, which can ensure accurate dosage and is convenient to use;
4. the oral emulsion of the medicine can improve the permeability of the skin and mucous membrane and reduce the irritation.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are illustrative and explanatory only and are not meant to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
The reagents and starting materials used in the following examples are all commercially available.
Example 1
Prescription:
Figure BDA0002247684160000041
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing soybean oil as oil with eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene to prepare medicated oil;
(2) preparing an emulsifier by adopting Tween 80, span 80 and Tween 20 according to the following weight percentage, wherein:
emulsifier 1 contains span 80 accounting for 18.7 percent and tween 80 accounting for 81.3 percent;
emulsifier 2 contains span 80 of 9.3% and tween 80 of 90.7%;
the emulsifier 3 contains 0.9 percent of span 80 and 99.1 percent of Tween 80;
emulsifier 4 is tween 80;
emulsifier 5 comprises 41.2% of tween 80 and 58.8% of tween 20;
emulsifier 6 is tween 20;
adding the emulsifier and the co-emulsifier 1, 2-propylene glycol into the medicated oil prepared in the step (1) respectively, completely mixing the medicated oil and the emulsifier to form an oil phase, pouring the oil phase into water, uniformly mixing the oil phase and the oil phase without centrifugal operation, and observing the emulsification effect after short-time standing and 24-hour standing, wherein the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 emulsification Effect of different groups of emulsifiers
Figure BDA0002247684160000051
As can be seen from the results in table 1, tween 80 or tween 20 alone did not give a good emulsifying effect as an emulsifier. The inventor unexpectedly finds that the oral emulsion obtained by using the Tween 80 and span 80 compound emulsifier has the best emulsification effect and has the best stability.
Example 2
Prescription:
Figure BDA0002247684160000052
Figure BDA0002247684160000061
the oral medicinal emulsion is prepared from different oils, emulsifiers and auxiliary emulsifiers, and the specific operation process is as follows:
(1) weighing the raw materials, adding eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene into grease, and uniformly mixing to obtain medicated grease;
(2) adding emulsifier and co-emulsifier into the medicated oil, and mixing completely to form oil phase;
(3) pouring the oil phase into purified water, mixing, and making into oral emulsion. Wherein, soybean oil is used as grease, different emulsifiers and coemulsifiers are used for preparing the oral emulsion of the medicine, and the emulsifying effect is observed, and the result is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 emulsification Effect of pharmaceutical oral emulsions with different emulsifiers, Co-emulsifiers
Figure BDA0002247684160000062
From the above, the kinds of the emulsifying agent and the co-emulsifying agent have a great influence on the emulsifying effect and the centrifugal stability of the prepared pharmaceutical oral emulsion. The inventor unexpectedly found that when tween 80 and span 80 compound emulsifier is used and 1, 2-propylene glycol is used as co-emulsifier, the obtained oral emulsion has the best emulsification effect and the best centrifugal stability.
According to the formula, the emulsifying effect of the oral pharmaceutical emulsion prepared from different types of oil is as follows, wherein the compound emulsifier of Tween 80 and span 80 (weight ratio is 1: 0.1) is used as an emulsifier, the 12-propylene glycol is used as a co-emulsifier:
table 3: emulsifying effect of oral medicinal emulsion prepared from different oils
Figure BDA0002247684160000071
Therefore, when the tween 80 and span 80 compound emulsifier is used as the emulsifier and the 1, 2-propylene glycol is used as the co-emulsifier, different oils are used, and better emulsification effect and centrifugal stability can be realized.
Example 3
Prescription:
Figure BDA0002247684160000072
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion of the prescription, adding eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene into soybean oil, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 1 hour at the rotating speed of 50rpm in a constant-temperature water bath at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain medicine-containing oil;
(2) adding tween 80 and span 80 (weight ratio 1: 0.07) composite emulsifier and 1, 2-propylene glycol into the medicated oil, stirring in 30 deg.C constant temperature water bath at 50rpm for 2 hr to completely mix to form oil phase;
(3) and dripping the mixed oil phase into purified water under stirring, shearing for 10 minutes at a high-speed shearing machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, homogenizing under the pressure of 20bar for 3 minutes after shearing is finished, and thus obtaining the oral emulsion.
The oral emulsion has good emulsifying effect, good centrifugal stability and no layering after centrifugation. The oral emulsion has good antitussive, anti-inflammatory and/or expectorant effects.
Example 4
Prescription:
Figure BDA0002247684160000081
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, adding eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene into ethyl oleate, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 2 hours in a constant-temperature water bath at 25 ℃ at a rotating speed of 40rpm to obtain medicine-containing oil;
(2) adding tween 80 and span 80 (weight ratio 1: 0.05) composite emulsifier and 1, 2-propylene glycol into the medicated oil, stirring in 25 deg.C constant temperature water bath at 40rpm for 1 hr to completely mix to form oil phase;
(3) adding sucrose and sodium benzoate into purified water, stirring in 25 deg.C constant temperature water bath at 40rpm for 0.5 hr to completely mix to form water phase;
(4) dripping the oil phase into the water phase under stirring, shearing at 10000r/min for 10 min, homogenizing under 20bar for 3 min to obtain oral emulsion.
The oral emulsion has good emulsifying effect, good centrifugal stability and no layering after centrifugation. The oral emulsion has good antitussive, anti-inflammatory and/or expectorant effects.
Example 5
Prescription:
Figure BDA0002247684160000082
Figure BDA0002247684160000091
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, adding eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene into soybean oil, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 2 hours in a constant-temperature water bath at 15 ℃ at a rotating speed of 50rpm to obtain medicine-containing oil;
(2) adding tween 80 and span 80 (weight ratio 1: 0.02) composite emulsifier and 1, 2-propylene glycol into the medicated oil, stirring in 15 deg.C constant temperature water bath at 50rpm for 1 hr to completely mix to form oil phase;
(3) adding sweet orange essential oil, potassium sorbate and hydroxymethyl cellulose into purified water, and stirring in a constant temperature water bath at 15 deg.C at 50rpm for 0.5 hr to completely mix to form water phase;
(4) dripping the oil phase into the water phase under stirring, shearing at 10000r/min for 10 min, homogenizing under 20bar for 3 min to obtain oral emulsion.
The oral emulsion has good emulsifying effect, good centrifugal stability and no layering after centrifugation. The oral emulsion has good antitussive, anti-inflammatory and/or expectorant effects.
Example 6
Prescription:
Figure BDA0002247684160000092
Figure BDA0002247684160000101
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, adding eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene into medium chain triglyceride, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 2 hours in a constant-temperature water bath at 15 ℃ at a rotating speed of 50rpm to obtain medicine-containing oil;
(2) adding tween 80 and span 80 (weight ratio 1: 0.05) composite emulsifier and 1, 3-propylene glycol into the medicated oil, stirring in 15 deg.C constant temperature water bath at 50rpm for 1 hr to completely mix to form oil phase;
(3) adding stevioside into purified water, and stirring in a constant-temperature water bath at 15 ℃ at a rotating speed of 50rpm for 0.5 hour to completely mix the stevioside and the purified water to form a water phase;
(4) dripping the oil phase into the water phase under stirring, shearing at 10000r/min for 10 min, homogenizing under 20bar for 3 min to obtain oral emulsion.
The oral emulsion has good emulsifying effect, good centrifugal stability and no layering after centrifugation. The oral emulsion has good antitussive, anti-inflammatory and/or expectorant effects.
Example 7
Prescription:
Figure BDA0002247684160000102
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, adding eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene into soybean oil, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 2 hours in a constant-temperature water bath at 15 ℃ at a rotating speed of 50rpm to obtain medicine-containing oil;
(2) adding tween 80 and span 80 compound emulsifier (weight ratio is 1:0.03) and 1, 2-propylene glycol into the medicated oil, stirring in 15 deg.C constant temperature water bath at 50rpm for 1 hr to completely mix to form oil phase;
(3) dripping the oil phase into the water phase under stirring, shearing at 10000r/min for 10 min, homogenizing under 20bar for 3 min to obtain oral emulsion.
The oral emulsion has good emulsifying effect, good centrifugal stability and no layering after centrifugation. The oral emulsion has good antitussive, anti-inflammatory and/or expectorant effects.
Example 8
Prescription:
Figure BDA0002247684160000111
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, adding eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene into soybean oil, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 1 hour at the rotating speed of 50rpm in a constant-temperature water bath at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain medicine-containing oil;
(2) adding tween 80 and span 80 (weight ratio 1: 0.01) composite emulsifier and 1, 2-propylene glycol into the medicated oil, stirring in 30 deg.C constant temperature water bath at 50rpm for 2 hr to completely mix to form oil phase;
(3) dripping the oil phase into purified water under stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic instrument with frequency of 50Hz for 1 hr to obtain primary emulsion, and circulating in a homogenizer at pressure of 50bar for 5 min to obtain oral emulsion.
The oral emulsion has good emulsifying effect, good centrifugal stability and no layering after centrifugation. The oral emulsion has good antitussive, anti-inflammatory and/or expectorant effects.
Examples9
Prescription:
Figure BDA0002247684160000112
Figure BDA0002247684160000121
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, adding eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene into soybean oil, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 1 hour at the rotating speed of 60rpm in a constant-temperature water bath at 40 ℃ to obtain medicine-containing oil;
(2) adding tween 80 and span 80 (weight ratio 1: 0.05) composite emulsifier and 1, 2-propylene glycol into the medicated oil, stirring in 30 deg.C constant temperature water bath at 50rpm for 2 hr to completely mix to form oil phase;
(3) dripping the oil phase into purified water under stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic instrument with frequency of 40Hz for 2 hr to obtain primary emulsion, and circulating in a homogenizer at 50bar for 5 min to obtain oral emulsion.
The oral emulsion has good emulsifying effect, good centrifugal stability and no layering after centrifugation. The oral emulsion has good antitussive, anti-inflammatory and/or expectorant effects.
Comparative example 1
Prescription:
Figure BDA0002247684160000122
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, adding eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene into soybean oil, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 1 hour at the rotating speed of 60rpm in a constant-temperature water bath at 40 ℃ to obtain medicine-containing oil;
(2) adding tween 80 and 1, 2-propylene glycol into the medicated oil, and stirring in 30 deg.C constant temperature water bath at 50rpm for 2 hr to completely mix to form oil phase;
(3) dripping the oil phase into purified water under stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic instrument with frequency of 40Hz for 2 hr to obtain primary emulsion, and circulating in a homogenizer at 50bar for 5 min to obtain oral emulsion.
The oral emulsion is separated obviously after centrifugation.
The formulation and process of comparative example 1 and example 9 were the same except that the type of emulsifier used was different. As can be seen from the experimental results, the particle size of the emulsion after emulsification using tween 80, which is a single emulsifier, of comparative example 1 was significantly increased, and the centrifugal stability of the emulsion was poor, compared to example 9. Therefore, the Tween 80 and span 80 compound emulsifier is preferably adopted as the emulsifier, the centrifugal stability of the emulsion is unexpectedly and remarkably improved, and the particle size of emulsion droplets is remarkably reduced.
As can be seen from the above examples, the pharmaceutical oral emulsion of the present invention has the following characteristics:
1. the medicinal oral emulsion is an oil-in-water emulsion, has small droplet size, is beneficial to accelerating medicament absorption, covering the irritation of volatile oil substances, reducing gastrointestinal adverse reactions and improving the medicament taking compliance of patients;
2. the oral emulsion of the medicine has good centrifugal stability and meets the requirements of pharmacopoeia;
3. the oily medicine is prepared into oral emulsion, which can ensure accurate dosage and is convenient to use;
4. the oral emulsion of the medicine can improve the permeability of the skin and mucous membrane and reduce the irritation.

Claims (10)

1. A pharmaceutical oral emulsion, which comprises a pharmaceutical composition consisting of eucalyptol, limonene and alpha-pinene, and an emulsifier, wherein the emulsifier is selected from two or more of tween 80, tween 20, span 80, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil and poloxamer 188.
2. The pharmaceutical oral emulsion of claim 1, wherein the emulsifier is a tween 80 and span 80 complex emulsifier.
3. The pharmaceutical oral emulsion according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the emulsifier is present in an amount of 3.0 to 6.0%, preferably 4.0 to 5.5%, based on the weight of the pharmaceutical oral emulsion.
4. The pharmaceutical oral emulsion of claim 1, further comprising a co-emulsifier selected from one or more of ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerol and polyethylene glycol, preferably one or more of propylene glycol, glycerol and polyethylene glycol 400, more preferably propylene glycol, most preferably 1, 2-propylene glycol.
5. The pharmaceutical oral emulsion of claim 4, wherein the co-emulsifier is present in an amount of 1.0 to 3.0%, preferably 1.2 to 1.8%, based on the weight of the pharmaceutical oral emulsion.
6. The pharmaceutical oral emulsion of claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutical composition further comprises oil and water; preferably, the oil or fat is selected from one or more of soybean oil, medium chain triglycerides and ethyl oleate, most preferably soybean oil.
7. The pharmaceutical oral emulsion of claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is present in an amount of 5.0 to 20.0%, preferably 5.0 to 13.0%, based on the weight of the pharmaceutical oral emulsion.
8. The pharmaceutical oral emulsion of claim 7, wherein the oil is present in an amount of 1.0 to 8.0% and the water is present in an amount of 72.0 to 85.0% based on the weight of the pharmaceutical oral emulsion; preferably, the content of the grease is 3.0-5.0%, and the content of the water is 75.0-82.0%.
9. The pharmaceutical oral emulsion of claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutical composition consists of, based on the weight of the pharmaceutical composition, 40.0 to 65.0% eucalyptol, 20.0 to 45.0% limonene and 5.0 to 25.0% alpha-pinene.
10. Use of the pharmaceutical oral emulsion of any one of claims 1 to 9 in the manufacture of a medicament for cough suppression, inflammation reduction and/or phlegm elimination.
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