CN112790396A

CN112790396A - Automatic walnut huller and hulling process

Info

Publication number: CN112790396A
Application number: CN202011623724.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙鹏; 周国朝; 李伟; 孙伟权; 王东东; 张骁
Original assignee: Hebei Yangyuan Zhihui Beverage Co ltd
Current assignee: Hebei Yangyuan Zhihui Beverage Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-31
Filing date: 2020-12-31
Publication date: 2021-05-14

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic walnut huller and a hulling process, wherein the huller comprises a storage barrel, a walnut sorting mechanism, a walnut skin grinding mechanism, a conveying mechanism and an extrusion hulling mechanism which are sequentially arranged according to the advancing direction of walnuts; the walnut shell crushing device is characterized in that a first discharge pipe is arranged on the storage barrel, a sorting feed inlet and a plurality of second discharge pipes are arranged on the walnut sorting mechanism, a plurality of feed areas and a plurality of shell grinding discharge outlets are arranged on the walnut shell grinding mechanism, a conveying feed inlet and a conveying discharge outlet are arranged on the conveying mechanism, and a shell crushing feed inlet and a collecting box are arranged on the extruding shell crushing mechanism; the first discharge pipe is communicated with the sorting feed port of the walnut sorting mechanism, the second discharge pipe is arranged above the corresponding feed area, the peeling discharge port is arranged above the conveying feed port of the conveying mechanism, and the conveying discharge port of the conveying mechanism is arranged above the shell breaking feed port. After the walnut is broken, the integrity of the walnut kernel is high.

Description

Automatic walnut huller and hulling process

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of walnut shell breaking, in particular to an automatic walnut shell remover and a shell removing process.

Background

Before the walnuts are processed into walnut slurry, the walnuts need to be subjected to shelling treatment before processing, the walnut shells are thin-skin walnuts with the thickness of less than 1.5mm, the walnut shells are thick-skin walnuts with the thickness of more than 1.5mm, extrusion type traditional walnut shell breaking equipment is mostly adopted in the walnut shelling machines in the current market, for thin-skin walnuts, the walnut can be broken by a small extrusion force without excessively damaging walnut kernels, but for thick-skin walnuts, because the walnut shells are extremely hard, the extrusion force is not easy to control, when the extrusion force is too small, the walnut shell breaking rate is not high, the un-broken walnut needs to be re-broken, when the extrusion force is too large, the walnut kernels are easy to crush, the completeness of the kernels is not high, therefore, there is a need to develop a shelling device and a shelling method for thick-skin walnuts, so as to improve the shell breaking rate and kernel integrity of the thick-skin walnuts.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an automatic walnut huller and a hulling process.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

an automatic walnut huller comprises a storage cylinder, a walnut sorting mechanism, a peeling mechanism, a conveying mechanism and an extrusion hulling mechanism which are sequentially arranged in the advancing direction of walnuts; the walnut shell crushing device is characterized in that a first discharge pipe is arranged on the storage barrel, a sorting feed inlet and a plurality of second discharge pipes are arranged on the walnut sorting mechanism, a plurality of feed areas and a plurality of shell grinding discharge outlets are arranged on the shell grinding mechanism, a conveying feed inlet and a conveying discharge outlet are arranged on the conveying mechanism, and a shell crushing feed inlet and a collecting box are arranged on the extruding shell crushing mechanism;

the first discharge pipe is communicated with the sorting feed port of the walnut sorting mechanism, the second discharge pipe is arranged above the corresponding feed area, the peeling discharge port is arranged above the conveying feed port of the conveying mechanism, and the conveying discharge port of the conveying mechanism is arranged above the shell breaking feed port.

Furthermore, the first discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the storage barrel, and a control valve is arranged on the first discharge pipe.

Furthermore, the sorting mechanism comprises a sorting barrel, a sorting pushing mechanism rotatably arranged in the sorting barrel, a sieve plate arranged at the bottom of the sorting barrel, a plurality of sorting holes arranged on the sieve plate, a sorting feed inlet arranged on the side wall of the sorting barrel, and a plurality of discharge pipes II arranged below the sieve plate; the first discharge pipe is communicated with the sorting feed inlet; the sieve is provided with a plurality of fan-shaped subareas along the circumferential direction, the separation hole apertures of the fan-shaped subareas in the rotating direction of the separation pushing mechanism are sequentially increased, the separation feed inlet corresponds to the position of the fan-shaped subarea with the smallest separation hole aperture, and the inlet end of the discharge pipe II corresponds to the position of the fan-shaped subarea.

Furthermore, the sorting and pushing mechanism comprises a pushing center shaft rotationally arranged on the sieve plate, a plurality of pushing plates circumferentially arranged on the pushing center shaft, and a first motor driving the pushing center shaft to rotate, wherein a rotating output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected with the pushing center shaft.

Further, the buffing mechanism comprises a buffing machine box and a plurality of partition plates arranged in the buffing machine box, the partition plates divide the buffing machine box into a plurality of buffing areas, a buffing mechanism is arranged in each buffing area, each buffing mechanism divides the buffing area into an upper feeding area and a lower discharging area, a feeding guide plate is arranged on one side of each feeding area and is arranged below a corresponding discharging pipe II, a discharging inclined plate is arranged in each discharging area, and a buffing discharging port is arranged at the lowest part of each discharging inclined plate;

grinding machanism including set up in the initiative on right side and set up in left driven grinding roller, slide set up in the initiative grinding roller with the clamp plate of driven grinding roller top, initiative grinding roller, driven grinding roller and the clamp plate encloses to close and forms the material chamber of polishing, initiative grinding roller with be provided with the intercommunication between the driven grinding roller polish the material chamber with the discharge gap in ejection of compact district.

Furthermore, two sides of the feeding guide plate are provided with feeding baffle plates;

and material blocking plates are respectively arranged above the driving grinding roller and the driven grinding roller.

Furthermore, the extrusion shell breaking mechanism comprises a shell breaking machine case and a storage box arranged above the shell breaking machine case, the storage box is communicated with the shell breaking machine case through a feeding channel, two openings are oppositely formed in the shell breaking machine case, a first support plate and a second support plate are respectively arranged at the two openings, a blanking channel is formed by enclosing the first support plate, the second support plate and the side wall of the shell breaking machine case, a plurality of strip-shaped bosses are sequentially arranged on the second support plate from top to bottom, the protruding heights of the strip-shaped bosses are sequentially increased from top to bottom, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the strip-shaped bosses, and extrusion blocks are rotatably arranged in the mounting holes;

the shell breaking feed inlet is arranged at the top of the storage box.

Furthermore, the support plate comprises a metal plate layer, a second rubber layer is arranged on one side, close to the blanking channel, of the metal plate layer, and the thickness of the second rubber layer is 2-5 mm;

the crushing machine is characterized in that a supporting shaft is arranged on the extruding block, a chain wheel is arranged on the supporting shaft, a fourth motor is fixedly arranged on the crushing machine case, and a rotating output shaft of the fourth motor is in transmission connection with the chain wheel through a chain.

Furthermore, the collecting box set up in the bottom of broken shell machine case, the collecting box top is provided with the blanking mouth, the blanking mouth sets up the below of blanking passageway, the bottom of collecting box is provided with the bin outlet, bin outlet department is provided with opens or closes the push-pull valve of bin outlet.

An automatic walnut shelling process comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the walnuts in the storage barrel enter the sorting mechanism through the first discharge pipe;

step two: with the rotation of the sorting and pushing mechanism, the walnuts are pushed to sequentially pass through sorting holes with different apertures, the walnuts are classified according to the size, and when the outer diameter of the walnuts is smaller than the aperture of the sorting holes, the walnuts fall to the corresponding second discharge pipe;

step three: the classified walnuts enter different polishing areas of the peeling mechanism along the corresponding discharge pipes II, are locally thinned in the polishing areas, fall down through a discharge gap between the driving polishing roller and the driven polishing roller and then fall onto the conveying mechanism through a discharge inclined plate;

step four: the walnut after the walnut shell is ground thin by the conveying mechanism is conveyed to a storage box of the extrusion shell breaking mechanism, the walnut is conveyed into a blanking channel through a feeding channel, the walnut moves downwards while rolling under the rotating action of an extrusion block, the gap of the blanking channel is reduced along with the falling of the walnut, the walnut is extruded to break the shell, and then the broken walnut shell and the walnut kernel fall into a collection box together.

Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:

according to the walnut shell grinding machine, before walnut shells are extruded and broken, the walnut shells are ground through the skin grinding mechanism, so that the walnut shells are thinned, the subsequent extrusion and breaking operation is facilitated, the walnut shells can be broken only by using small force, and the integrity of the broken walnut kernels is improved. According to the invention, the sorting mechanism is arranged before the polishing treatment, and walnuts with different outer diameters are screened, so that the polishing of walnut shells is facilitated, and the influence of the uneven size of the walnuts on the polishing effect is reduced; the extrusion block is rotatably arranged on the extrusion shell breaking mechanism, so that the walnuts can roll under the action of friction force of the extrusion block in the falling process, the stress point of extrusion can be continuously changed in the extrusion process, and multi-point extrusion is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a walnut sorting mechanism in one embodiment of the invention (mounting plate not shown);

FIG. 4 is a top view of a walnut sorting mechanism in one embodiment of the invention (mounting plate not shown);

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a peeling mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another angle of the peeling mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a peeling mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a platen in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a crush mechanism in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an alternate angle of the crush mechanism (without a first support plate) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a crushing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken in the direction B-B in FIG. 11;

fig. 13 is a sectional view taken in the direction of C-C in fig. 12.

In the figure: 1. the walnut shell crushing machine comprises a storage barrel, 2, a walnut sorting mechanism, 3, a skin grinding mechanism, 4, a conveying auger, 5, an extrusion shell crushing mechanism, 6, a first discharge pipe, a first separation feed inlet, 8, a second discharge pipe, 9, a skin grinding discharge outlet, 10, a conveying feed inlet, 11, a conveying discharge outlet, 12, a shell crushing feed inlet, 13 and a collecting box; 14. the device comprises a control valve, 15, a mounting seat, 16, a sorting cylinder, 17, a sieve plate, 18, sorting holes, 19, a sorting pushing mechanism, 20, a pushing central shaft, 21, a pushing plate, 22, a first motor, 23, a buffing machine box, 24, a partition plate, 25, a feeding guide plate, 26, a discharging inclined plate, 27, a driving buffing roller, 28, a driven buffing roller, 29, a pressing plate, 30, a buffing cavity, 31 and a discharging gap; 32. a feed baffle; 33. the device comprises a material baffle plate 34, a limiting support plate 35, a threaded hole 36, a second motor 37, a screw rod 38, a groove 39, an inclined plane 40, a sanding layer 42 and a first rubber layer; 43. the device comprises a first transmission wheel 44, a second transmission wheel 45, a third motor 46, a third transmission wheel 47, a transmission belt 48, a shell breaking case 49, a storage box 50, a feeding channel 51, a first support plate 52, a second support plate 53, a blanking channel 54, a strip-shaped boss 55, an extrusion block 56, a metal plate layer 57, a second rubber layer 58, a support shaft 59, a chain wheel 60, a fourth motor 61, a dust suction port 62, a dust removal device 63, a dust suction pipeline 64, a blanking port 65, a gate valve 66 and a chain.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

An embodiment of an automatic walnut sheller as shown in fig. 1-13 comprises a storage cylinder 1, a walnut sorting mechanism 2, a peeling mechanism 3, a conveying mechanism and an extrusion shell breaking mechanism 5 which are arranged in sequence according to the advancing direction of walnuts; the walnut shell crushing machine is characterized in that a first discharge pipe 6 is arranged on the storage barrel 1, a sorting feed inlet 7 and a plurality of second discharge pipes 8 are arranged on the walnut sorting mechanism 2, a plurality of feed areas and a plurality of shell grinding discharge outlets 9 are arranged on the shell grinding mechanism 3, a conveying feed inlet 10 and a conveying discharge outlet 11 are arranged on the conveying mechanism, and a shell crushing feed inlet 12 and a collecting box 13 are arranged on the extrusion shell crushing mechanism 5;

the discharging pipe I6 is communicated with a sorting feed inlet 7 of the walnut sorting mechanism 2, the discharging pipe II 8 is arranged above the corresponding feeding area, the peeling discharge port 9 is arranged above the conveying feed inlet 10 of the conveying mechanism, and the conveying discharge port 11 of the conveying mechanism is arranged above the shell breaking feed inlet 12. According to the walnut shell breaking machine, before walnut shells are extruded and broken, the walnut shells are firstly ground through the skin grinding mechanism 3, so that the walnut shells are thinned, the subsequent extrusion and breaking operation is facilitated, the walnut shells can be broken only by using small force, and the integrity of the walnut kernels after the walnut shells are broken is improved.

As an embodiment of the automatic walnut sheller, the discharge pipe I6 is arranged at the bottom of the storage barrel 1, and the control valve 14 is arranged on the discharge pipe I6.

Further, a mounting seat 15 is arranged on the discharging pipe I6, the control valve 14 is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat 15 through bolts, the control valve 14 is a butterfly valve, and a valve plate of the butterfly valve is rotatably arranged in the discharging pipe I6. Through setting up the butterfly valve, can realize that discharging pipe 6 discontinuity switches to can select the butterfly valve switch according to sorting mechanism's behavior.

As an embodiment of the automatic walnut sheller of the present invention, the sorting mechanism includes a sorting barrel 16, a sorting pushing mechanism 19 rotatably disposed in the sorting barrel 16, a sieve plate 17 disposed at the bottom of the sorting barrel 16, a plurality of sorting holes 18 disposed on the sieve plate 17, a sorting feed inlet 7 disposed on the side wall of the sorting barrel 16, and a plurality of discharge pipes two 8 disposed below the sieve plate 17; the first discharge pipe 6 is communicated with the sorting feed inlet 7; the sieve 17 is provided with a plurality of fan-shaped subareas along the circumferential direction, the aperture of the sorting hole 18 of the fan-shaped subareas is sequentially increased according to the rotating direction of the sorting pushing mechanism 19, the sorting feed inlet 7 corresponds to the position of the fan-shaped subarea with the smallest aperture of the sorting hole 18, and the inlet end of the discharge pipe II 8 corresponds to the position of the fan-shaped subarea. The grinding depth of the grinding mechanism is equal to the diameter of the walnut; the clearance between the two grinding rollers is related, so that the grinding effect of walnuts is seriously influenced by different sizes of walnuts, and the walnut shell grinding machine screens walnuts with different outer diameters by arranging the sorting mechanism before grinding treatment so as to facilitate grinding of walnut shells and reduce the influence of uneven sizes of walnuts on the grinding effect.

Further, the sorting and pushing mechanism 19 includes a pushing center shaft 20 rotatably disposed on the sieve plate 17, a plurality of pushing plates 21 circumferentially disposed on the pushing center shaft 20, and a first motor 22 driving the pushing center shaft 20 to rotate, and a rotation output shaft of the first motor 22 is fixedly connected to the pushing center shaft 20.

Further, the first motor 22 is fixedly arranged on the top of the sorting cylinder 16 through a mounting plate.

As an embodiment of the automatic walnut shelling machine of the present invention, the peeling mechanism 3 includes a peeling machine case 23, a plurality of partition plates 24 disposed in the peeling machine case 23, the partition plates 24 divide the peeling machine case 23 into a plurality of polishing areas, polishing mechanisms are disposed in the polishing areas, the polishing mechanisms divide the polishing areas into an upper feeding area and a lower discharging area, a feeding guide plate 25 is disposed on one side of the feeding area, the feeding guide plate 25 is disposed below a corresponding discharging pipe two 8, a discharging inclined plate 26 is disposed in the discharging area, and the peeling discharging port 9 is disposed at the lowest position of the discharging inclined plate 26;

the grinding mechanism comprises a driving grinding roller 27 arranged on the right side, a driven grinding roller 28 arranged on the left side and a pressing plate 29 arranged above the driving grinding roller 27 and the driven grinding roller 28 in a sliding mode, the driving grinding roller 27, the driven grinding roller 28 and the pressing plate 29 enclose to form a grinding material cavity 30, and a discharging gap 31 communicated with the grinding material cavity 30 and the discharging area is arranged between the driving grinding roller 27 and the driven grinding roller 28; in the walnut shell polishing process, the walnut is limited in the polishing material cavity 30 by arranging the pressing plate 29, so that the local polishing of the walnut is realized, the walnut shell is locally thinned, the force required for extruding and breaking the shell is reduced, and the integrity of the walnut kernel is improved.

Further, a plurality of dust falling holes are arranged on the discharge sloping plate 26.

Further, the driving grinding roller 27 is in mesh transmission with the driven grinding roller 28.

Further, two sides of the feeding guide plate 25 are provided with feeding baffles 32;

and a material baffle plate 33 is respectively arranged above the driving grinding roller 27 and the driven grinding roller 28.

Further, the lower surface of the pressing plate 29 is provided with a first rubber layer 42 or a sanding layer 40 or alternately provided with a plurality of first rubber layers 42 and a plurality of sanding layers 40, when the lower surface of the pressure plate 29 is alternately provided with a plurality of first rubber layers 42 and a plurality of sanding layers 40, the first rubber layer 42 is arranged at one end close to the feeding guide plate 25, the first rubber layer 42 of the invention can generate elastic deformation in the extrusion process of walnuts, thereby increasing the friction force between the walnuts and the pressing plate 29, ensuring that during the reciprocating motion of the pressing plate 29, acting force in the tangential direction of the walnuts can be applied to the upper surfaces of the walnuts, so that the walnuts can roll along the pressing plate 29 along with the reciprocating motion of the pressing plate 29, and when sanding layer 40 and walnut contact, and sanding layer 40's setting can realize the polishing of walnut upper surface when sanding layer 40 and walnut contact.

The driving grinding roller 27 rotates clockwise, the driven grinding roller 28 rotates anticlockwise, and the rotating speed of the driven grinding roller 28 is larger than that of the driving grinding roller 27, so that an acting force in a tangential direction can be applied to the walnut at the left side of the walnut, and the walnut can roll under the action of the grinding roller. According to the walnut grinding machine, the first rubber layer 42 and the speed control of the grinding roller are used for realizing the rolling of walnuts in two axial directions, compared with the static grinding or the grinding while sliding, the walnut grinding machine has the advantages that the surface grinding of walnuts is more uniform, and the grinding area ratio is higher.

Furthermore, the grinding mechanism further comprises limiting support plates 34 arranged on two sides of the pressing plate 29, threaded holes 35 arranged on the pressing plate 29, a second motor 36 arranged on the buffing machine box 23, and a screw rod 37 fixedly arranged on a rotating output shaft of the second motor 36, wherein the other end of the screw rod 37 is arranged in the threaded holes 35 and is in threaded connection with the threaded holes 35.

Further, the bottom of the pressing plate 29 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 38, and one side of the lower part of the pressing plate 29, which is close to the feeding guide plate 25, is provided with an inclined surface 39 which inclines upwards. The arrangement of the second motor 36 of the present invention enables the sliding of the pressing plate 29 to be automated, and when the pressing plate 29 slides towards the feeding guide plate 25, the pressing plate 29 is under the action of the inclined surface 39 inclined upwards, so that the walnuts enter the lower part of the pressing plate 29 and are positioned in the grinding material cavity 30.

Further, a first transmission wheel 43 is coaxially arranged outside the driving grinding roller 27, a second transmission wheel 44 is coaxially arranged outside the driven grinding roller 28, the first transmission wheel 43 is in meshing transmission with the second transmission wheel 44, a third motor 45 is fixedly arranged on the buffing machine box 23, a third transmission wheel 46 is fixedly connected to a motor shaft of the third motor 45, and the third transmission wheel 46 and the first transmission wheel 43 are in transmission through a transmission belt 47.

Further, the conveying mechanism adopts any one of a conveying auger 4, a belt conveyor and a scraper conveyor.

As an embodiment of the automatic walnut sheller of the present invention, the extruding and breaking mechanism 5 includes a shell breaking case 48, a storage case 49 disposed above the shell breaking case 48, the storage case 49 is communicated with the shell breaking case 48 through a feeding channel 50, two openings are oppositely disposed on the shell breaking case 48, a first support plate 51 and a second support plate 52 are respectively disposed at the two openings, the first support plate 51, the second support plate 52 and the side wall of the shell breaking case 48 enclose to form a blanking channel 53, a plurality of strip-shaped bosses 54 are sequentially disposed on the second support plate 52 from top to bottom, the height of the strip-shaped bosses 54 is sequentially increased from top to bottom, a plurality of mounting holes are disposed on the strip-shaped bosses 54, and extruding blocks 55 are rotatably disposed in the mounting holes;

the crust breaking feed inlet 12 is arranged at the top of the storage box 49.

Further, the vertical distance between the pressing block 55 and the supporting plate decreases from top to bottom. The extrusion block 55 is rotatably arranged on the extrusion shell breaking mechanism 5, so that the walnuts can roll under the action of friction force of the extrusion block 55 in the falling process, the stress point of extrusion can be continuously changed in the extrusion process, and multi-point extrusion is realized.

Further, the first support plate 51 comprises a metal plate layer 56, a second rubber layer 57 is arranged on one side of the metal plate layer 56 close to the blanking channel 53, and the thickness of the second rubber layer 57 is 2-5 mm;

the extrusion end surface of the extrusion block 55 is provided with a hemispherical bulge;

the outer edge of the extrusion end face of the extrusion block 55 is provided with a chamfer;

a supporting shaft 58 is arranged on the extrusion block 55, a chain wheel 59 is arranged on the supporting shaft 58, a fourth motor 60 is fixedly arranged on the shell breaking case 48, and a rotating output shaft of the fourth motor 60 is in transmission connection with the chain wheel 59 through a chain 66.

Further, the lower part of the second support plate 52 is provided with a dust suction port 61 communicated with the blanking channel 53, a filter screen is arranged at the dust suction port 61, a dust removing device 62 is arranged outside the dust suction port 61 through a dust suction pipeline 63, and the dust removing device 62 adopts a bag-type dust remover.

Further, the collection box 13 is arranged at the bottom of the shell breaking machine case 48, a blanking port 64 is arranged at the top of the collection box 13, the blanking port 64 is arranged below the blanking channel 53, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the collection box 13, and a gate valve 65 for opening or closing the discharge port is arranged at the discharge port.

Further, in the horizontal direction, the gap between two adjacent squeezing blocks 55 is smaller than the outer diameter of the walnut, so that the walnut is prevented from moving downwards from the gap between the two squeezing blocks 55,

in order to better realize walnut shelling, the invention also provides an automatic walnut shelling process, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the walnuts in the storage barrel 1 enter the sorting mechanism through the discharge pipe I6;

step two: with the rotation of the sorting and pushing mechanism 19, the walnuts are pushed to sequentially pass through the sorting holes 18 with different apertures, the walnuts are sorted according to the sizes, and when the outer diameters of the walnuts are smaller than the apertures of the sorting holes 18, the walnuts fall to the corresponding discharge pipes II 8;

step three: the classified walnuts enter different polishing areas of the peeling mechanism 3 along the corresponding discharge pipes II 8, after local thinning is carried out in the polishing areas, the walnuts fall down through a discharge gap 31 between the driving polishing roller 27 and the driven polishing roller 28 and then fall onto the conveying mechanism through a discharge inclined plate 26;

step four: the walnut after the walnut shell is ground thin by the conveying mechanism is conveyed into a storage box 49 of the extruding and shell breaking mechanism 5, the walnut is conveyed into a blanking channel 53 through a feeding channel 50, the walnut moves downwards while rolling under the rotating action of an extruding block 55, the gap of the blanking channel 53 is reduced along with the falling of the walnut, the walnut is extruded to break the shell, and then the broken walnut shell and the walnut kernel fall into the collection box 13 together.

Further, in the third step, in the grinding area, the walnut rolls in two axial directions under the action of tangential force generated by the reciprocating motion of the pressing plate 29 and the action of tangential force generated by the rotating speed of the driven grinding roller 28 being greater than that of the driving grinding roller 27, and grinding is carried out while rolling.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic walnut huller is characterized by comprising a storage cylinder (1), a walnut sorting mechanism (2), a skin grinding mechanism (3), a conveying mechanism and an extrusion hulling mechanism (5) which are sequentially arranged in the advancing direction of walnuts; the walnut shell crushing machine is characterized in that a first discharge pipe (6) is arranged on the storage barrel (1), a separation feed inlet (7) and a plurality of second discharge pipes (8) are arranged on the walnut separation mechanism (2), a plurality of feed areas and a plurality of shell grinding discharge outlets (9) are arranged on the shell grinding mechanism (3), a conveying feed inlet (10) and a conveying discharge outlet (11) are arranged on the conveying mechanism, and a shell crushing feed inlet (12) and a collection box (13) are arranged on the extrusion shell crushing mechanism (5);

discharging pipe (6) with sorting feed inlet (7) of walnut sorting mechanism (2) are linked together, discharging pipe two (8) set up in the top in corresponding feeding district, skin of grinding discharge gate (9) set up in conveying mechanism's transport feed inlet (10) top, conveying mechanism's transport discharge gate (11) set up in the top of broken shell feed inlet (12).

2. An automatic walnut huller as claimed in claim 1 wherein the first discharge pipe (6) is disposed at the bottom of the storage tank (1), and the first discharge pipe (6) is provided with a control valve (14).

3. An automatic walnut sheller according to claim 1,

the sorting mechanism comprises a sorting barrel (16), a sorting pushing mechanism (19) rotatably arranged in the sorting barrel (16), a sieve plate (17) arranged at the bottom of the sorting barrel (16), a plurality of sorting holes (18) arranged on the sieve plate (17), a sorting feeding hole (7) arranged on the side wall of the sorting barrel (16), and a plurality of discharging pipes II (8) arranged below the sieve plate (17); the discharge pipe I (6) is communicated with the sorting feed port (7); sieve (17) are provided with a plurality of fan-shaped subregion along the circumferencial direction, and according to sorting hole (18) aperture increase in proper order of a plurality of fan-shaped subregion of the rotation direction of sorting pushing equipment (19), it is corresponding with the position of the fan-shaped subregion of sorting hole (18) aperture minimum to select separately feed inlet (7), the entrance point of discharging pipe two (8) with fan-shaped subregion position is corresponding.

4. A walnut shell breaking machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the sorting and pushing mechanism (19) comprises a pushing center shaft (20) rotatably arranged on the sieve plate (17), a plurality of pushing plates (21) circumferentially arranged on the pushing center shaft (20), and a first motor (22) for driving the pushing center shaft (20) to rotate, wherein a rotating output shaft of the first motor (22) is fixedly connected with the pushing center shaft (20).

5. An automatic walnut sheller according to claim 1,

the buffing mechanism (3) comprises a buffing machine box (23) and a plurality of partition plates (24) arranged in the buffing machine box (23), the partition plates (24) divide the buffing machine box (23) into a plurality of buffing areas, a buffing mechanism is arranged in each buffing area, each buffing mechanism divides each buffing area into an upper feeding area and a lower discharging area, a feeding guide plate (25) is arranged on one side of each feeding area, each feeding guide plate (25) is arranged below the corresponding discharging pipe II (8), a discharging inclined plate (26) is arranged in each discharging area, and the buffing discharging port (9) is arranged at the lowest part of each discharging inclined plate (26);

grinding machanism is including setting up in initiative grinding roller (27) on right side and setting up in left driven grinding roller (28), slide set up in initiative grinding roller (27) with clamp plate (29) of driven grinding roller (28) top, initiative grinding roller (27), driven grinding roller (28) and clamp plate (29) enclose to close and form and polish material chamber (30), initiative grinding roller (27) with be provided with the intercommunication between driven grinding roller (28) polish material chamber (30) with ejection of compact clearance (31) in ejection of compact district.

6. An automatic walnut sheller according to claim 5 wherein the feed guide (25) is provided with feed baffles (32) on both sides;

and a material baffle plate (33) is respectively arranged above the driving grinding roller (27) and the driven grinding roller (28).

7. An automatic walnut sheller according to claim 1,

the extrusion shell breaking mechanism (5) comprises a shell breaking case (48) and a storage box (49) arranged above the shell breaking case (48), the storage box (49) is communicated with the shell breaking case (48) through a feeding channel (50), two openings are oppositely formed in the shell breaking case (48), a first support plate (51) and a second support plate (52) are respectively arranged at the two openings, the first support plate (51), the second support plate (52) and the side wall of the shell breaking case (48) are enclosed to form a blanking channel (53), a plurality of strip-shaped bosses (54) are sequentially arranged on the second support plate (52) from top to bottom, the heights of the strip-shaped bosses (54) are sequentially increased from top to bottom, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the strip-shaped bosses (54), and extrusion blocks (55) are rotatably arranged in the mounting holes;

the shell breaking feed inlet (12) is arranged at the top of the storage box (49).

8. An automatic walnut huller as claimed in claim 7 wherein said first support plate (51) comprises a metal plate layer (56), a second rubber layer (57) is provided on one side of said metal plate layer (56) close to said blanking channel (53), said second rubber layer (57) has a thickness of 2-5 mm;

a supporting shaft (58) is arranged on the extrusion block (55), a chain wheel (59) is arranged on the supporting shaft (58), a fourth motor (60) is fixedly arranged on the shell breaking case (48), and a rotating output shaft of the fourth motor (60) is in transmission connection with the chain wheel (59) through a chain (66).

9. An automatic walnut huller as claimed in claim 7 wherein the collection box (13) is disposed at the bottom of the huller case (48), a blanking port (64) is disposed at the top of the collection box (13), the blanking port (64) is disposed below the blanking channel (53), a discharge port is disposed at the bottom of the collection box (13), and a gate valve (65) for opening or closing the discharge port is disposed at the discharge port.

10. An automatic walnut shelling process is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the walnuts in the storage barrel (1) enter the sorting mechanism through the discharge pipe I (6);

step two: with the rotation of the sorting and pushing mechanism (19), the walnuts are pushed to sequentially pass through the sorting holes (18) with different apertures, the walnuts are classified according to the size, and when the outer diameter of the walnuts is smaller than the aperture of the sorting holes (18), the walnuts fall to the corresponding discharge pipe II (8);

step three: the classified walnuts enter different polishing areas of the peeling mechanism (3) along the corresponding discharge pipes II (8), after local thinning is carried out in the polishing areas, the walnuts fall down through a discharge gap (31) between the driving polishing roller (27) and the driven polishing roller (28), and then fall down onto the conveying mechanism through a discharge inclined plate (26);

step four: the walnut after the walnut shells are ground thin by the conveying mechanism is conveyed into a storage box (49) of the extruding and shell breaking mechanism (5), the walnut is fed into a blanking channel (53) through a feeding channel (50), the walnut moves downwards while rolling under the rotating action of an extruding block (55), along with the falling of the walnut, the gap of the blanking channel (53) is reduced, the walnut is extruded to break the shells, and then the broken walnut shells and the walnut kernels fall into a collection box (13) together.