CN112790279A - 一种防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的中草药饲料添加剂 - Google Patents
一种防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的中草药饲料添加剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的中草药饲料添加剂，其特征是原料包含明党参、枸杞、栀子、白头翁、柴胡、野菊花、黄芩、金银花、茵陈、土豆。本饲料的制作方法是：将上述组分投入混合机中，充分混合后，在超微粉碎机中粉碎，将粉碎后的物料过筛网，即得产品一种防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的中草药饲料添加剂。添加本粉料添加剂后能够提高黄颡鱼的免疫与抗氧化能力，增强抗病能力，适用本饲料添加剂的配合饲料不需要添加抗生物药物，所生产的鱼产品为无公害绿色环保食品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的中草药饲料添加剂，属于水产饲料添加剂技术领域。
背景技术
黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)是鲿科、黄颡鱼属一种常见的淡水鱼。多栖息于缓流多水草的湖周浅水区和入湖河流处，营底栖生活，尤其喜欢生活在静水或缓流的浅滩处，且腐殖质多和游泥多的地方。杂食性，自然条件下以动物性饲料为主，鱼苗阶段以浮游动物为食，成鱼则以昆虫及其幼虫、小鱼虾、螺蚌等为食，也吞食植物碎屑。分布于老挝、越南、中国、朝鲜、俄罗斯西伯利亚东南部。在中国分布于珠江、闽江、湘江、长江、黄河、海河、松花江及黑龙江等水系。近年来，黄颡鱼在我国养殖面积不断扩大，产量不断提升，但随着养殖规模的不断扩大，黄颡鱼的疾病已成为养殖的瓶颈问题，其中肠炎病影响较大。
黄颡鱼肠炎病主要由点状产气单胞菌感染引起，患病病鱼腹部膨大，肛门红肿，轻压腹部肛门有黄色黏液流出，病鱼离群独游。剖开鱼腹，病情较轻者食道和前肠充血发炎，严重者全肠发炎呈浅红色，血脓充塞肠管。主要危害鱼种及成鱼。这种病很可能是由鱼类直接传播的，因而病鱼与健康鱼混养，可传播该病。由于病菌可在池塘淤泥中生存，因此感染也可能来源于淤泥，瓦氏黄颡鱼摄食的浮游动物和水蚯蚓，以及人工配合饲料中的鱼浆肉等也可能携带该病菌。
因此，有必要开发一种防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的中草药饲料专用添加剂，但目前有关防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的中草药添加剂尚没有相关专利。本发明的防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的饲料添加剂一方面考虑了添加剂的绿色健康、无副作用，有利于提高黄颡鱼的免疫能力、增强抗病能力，保护肝胆，促进黄颡鱼健康生长，另一方面考虑了添加剂原料的经济性，考虑了鱼体营养全面、丰富，满足生长，同时能够降低饲料成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述不足之处，从而提供一种防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的中草药饲料添加剂，降低黄颡鱼肠炎病的发病率，有利于黄颡鱼的健康生长。
按照本发明提供的技术方案，一种防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的中草药饲料添加剂包含以下组份，其组份按重量份数比例计为：
明党参5-8份、枸杞8-12份、栀子10-15份、白头翁8-16份、柴胡9-16份、野菊花10-15份、黄芩5-8份、金银花5-8份、茵陈8-14份、土豆10-25份。
取上述组分后粉碎，即得到防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的饲料添加剂。
一种防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的中草药饲料添加剂，其特征如下：
(1)所述组分投入混合机中，18-20r/min充分混合后，在超微粉碎机中粉碎，粉碎速度为：400-500r/min；将粉碎后的物料过200-500目筛网，即得到防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的饲料添加剂。
(2)黄颡鱼及其他鱼饲料中添加量为0.2％-0.4％。
本发明与已有技术相比具有以下优点：
(1)作为饲料添加剂在黄颡鱼饲料中使用，添加量为0.2％-0.4％就明显降低黄颡鱼肠炎病的发病率，促进生长，增强免疫力，改善肉质。
(2)相同饲料配方条件下，添加本发明的黄颡鱼用中草药添加剂的饲料比不添加该添加剂的饲料适口性好。
(3)本添加剂配伍取材于天然原料，无污染，无残留，价格低，来源广泛，加工工艺简单。
(4)本饲料添加剂能够提高黄颡鱼的免疫与抗氧化能力，增强抗病能力，适用本饲料添加剂的饲料，所生产的黄颡鱼产品为无公害绿色环保食品。
具体实施方式
下面本发明将结合实施例作进一步描述：
一种防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的中草药饲料添加剂，采用以下工艺步骤：
本发明配制10kg饲料添加剂其各原料组成：明党参0.9kg、枸杞1.0kg、栀子0.9kg、白头翁1.0kg、柴胡1.0kg、野菊花1.2kg、黄芩0.5kg、金银花0.6kg、茵陈1.0kg、土豆1.9kg。
将上述组分投入混合机中，20r/min充分混合后，在超微粉碎机中粉碎，粉碎速度为：450r/min；将粉碎后的物料过200目筛网，即得到防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的饲料添加剂。在黄颡鱼配合饲料中添加量为0.4％。
试验黄颡鱼为大丰市郊区某池塘2019当年孵化的同一批黄颡鱼鱼种，饲养试验在盐城工学院江苏省沿海养殖鱼类饲料工程技术研究中心实验室进行，试验黄颡鱼用3％的食盐水消毒后在水族箱中训养1周后，选用180尾体重63.12±3.2g体质健壮黄颡鱼随机分箱，在300L玻璃缸水族箱中试验(水体积240L)，每组饲料3个重复，每个重复30尾鱼。使用按上述添加剂的黄颡鱼专用饲料(饲料由江苏恒兴饲料有限公司提供)。试验从2019年5月22日开始，7月19日结束，共60天。每天分4次饱食投喂(7：00，12：00，14：00和18：00)，实验期间采用连续充气增氧，净化系统的水经沉淀、沙滤池过滤，以除去固体废物。自然光照，养殖用水的生化条件分别为：水温25.0±2.0℃、溶解氧浓度>6.5mg/L、氨氮<0.02mg/L，pH值为8.3±0.2。
上述试验结果如下表1。
表1黄颡鱼防治肠炎病饲料添加剂与普通饲料试验数据对照
注：差异显著性分析取α＝0.05水平，同一行中不含有相同字母者为差异显著。
Claims (2)
1.一种防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的中草药饲料添加剂，其特征在于，其组份按重量份数计为：
明党参5-8份、枸杞8-12份、栀子10-15份、白头翁8-16份、柴胡9-16份、野菊花10-15份、黄芩5-8份、金银花5-8份、茵陈8-14份、土豆10-25份，
将上述组分投入混合机中，18-20r/min充分混合后，在超微粉碎机中粉碎，粉碎速度为：400-500r/min；将粉碎后的物料过200-500目筛网，即得到防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的饲料添加剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防治黄颡鱼肠炎病的中草药饲料添加剂，其特征在于，在黄颡鱼配合饲料中添加量为0.2％-0.4％。
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