CN112784465A - Topological optimization design method for concrete pump truck arm support structure - Google Patents
Topological optimization design method for concrete pump truck arm support structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a topological optimization design method of a concrete pump truck cantilever crane structure, which comprises the following steps: as the cantilever crane mainly bears the action of bending moment of a vertical surface in the working process, in order to ensure the rigidity and strength requirements of the cantilever crane, a box-type structure with a rectangular cross section is selected as an initial structure of the cantilever crane, and materials of upper and lower cover plates of the box-type structure are uniformly distributed and set as a non-design area; the webs on the two sides are set as optimized design areas; the arm support system of the pump truck is composed of a plurality of arm supports, each arm support is connected through a pin shaft, the boundary load of a single-section arm support is the counter force borne by the pin shaft, the counter force changes along with the change of the posture of the arm support and the external load, and the boundary load of the single-section arm support is obtained based on a substructure method; carrying out topological optimization design on the arm support based on a variable density method by taking a single-section arm support as an object; and obtaining a novel lightweight cantilever crane structure according to a topological optimization design result. The invention ensures the mechanical property of the arm support under the multi-posture working condition and realizes the light weight of the arm support structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a topological optimization design method of a concrete pump truck cantilever crane structure, in particular to a structural topological optimization technology.
Background
With the construction of infrastructure such as high-speed railways, expressways, bridges, airports, ports and the like, engineering machinery plays a role in a mastership force in the construction process, and a pump truck plays an important role in the infrastructure as one of the pump trucks. With the demand of diversified terrains on the casting operation site for the pump truck, the long arm frame becomes the development trend of pump truck products. The lengthening of the arm support inevitably causes the improvement of the quality of the arm support, so that the overturning risk is increased, the energy consumption is increased, and the development of lightweight design on the arm support structure is very important for improving the product competitiveness of the pump truck.
The lightweight design method for the pump truck arm support comprises two methods, namely, the structural optimization design and the lightweight material are adopted. The application of the existing light novel materials such as high-strength steel, carbon fiber and the like in engineering machinery products provides multiple choices for structure lightweight, but the application of the novel materials also brings great improvement on the cost of design, dies, production, tests and the like of the related novel materials. In view of the current situation, the adoption of the structure optimization design technology to realize the light weight of the arm support of the pump truck is a better choice.
The traditional pump truck arm support structure mainly adopts a box structure and also has a partial truss structure, the mass of the box structure arm support is larger, and the stability of the truss structure arm support is poorer. Therefore, how to realize the optimized design of the arm support, the quality of the arm support is reduced as much as possible under the condition that the rigidity, the strength and the stability of the arm support accord with safety, the use requirement is met, and meanwhile, the energy conservation and the emission reduction are realized, which becomes a difficult problem of the structural design of the arm support of the pump truck.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a topological optimization design method for an arm frame structure of a concrete pump truck. According to the stress characteristics of the arm support structure, selecting a box-type structure with a rectangular cross section as an initial structure, and determining a reasonable design area; based on a parameterized driver, realizing the working postures of the arm support under different working conditions, and determining the load boundary conditions of a single-section arm support by adopting a substructure method; and carrying out topological optimization on the cantilever crane structure based on a variable density method by taking the minimum weighted strain energy of the structural multi-posture working condition as an optimization target and the volume fraction as constraint, and obtaining the lightweight cantilever crane structure by considering the manufacturing feasibility according to the topological form of an optimization result.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a topological optimization design method of a concrete pump truck cantilever crane structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: as the cantilever crane mainly bears the action of bending moment of a vertical surface in the working process, in order to ensure the rigidity and strength requirements of the cantilever crane, a box-type structure with a rectangular cross section is selected as an initial structure of the cantilever crane, and materials of upper and lower cover plates of the box-type structure are uniformly distributed and set as a non-design area; the webs on the two sides are set as optimized design areas;
step 2: the arm support system of the pump truck consists of a plurality of arm supports, each arm support is connected through a pin shaft, the boundary load of a single arm support is the counter force borne by the pin shaft, and the counter force changes along with the change of the posture of the arm support and the external load;
2.1 establishing a finite element model of the whole arm support structure;
2.2, writing a full-parametric driver by using a Python language, and driving the arm support structure to realize multiple postures based on the position of the connecting rod;
2.3, loading according to the actual condition of the pump truck, and determining the load boundary condition of the single-joint cantilever under the multi-posture working condition by adopting a substructure method;
and step 3: taking a single section of the arm support as an object, applying the multi-attitude load boundary condition of the arm support obtained in the step (2), based on a variable density method, taking the minimum structural weighted strain energy under the multi-attitude working condition as an optimization target, and taking the volume fraction as constraint, and carrying out topology optimization design on the arm support; the mathematical model is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,rin order to obtain a cell pseudo-density,Uis the weighted strain energy of the structure under the multi-posture working condition,Vthe structure is characterized in that the structure is a volume,V 0the volume of the structure is the original volume of the structure,mis a volume fraction;
and 4, step 4: based on the design result of the structural material density distribution diagram obtained in the step 3, considering the manufacturing process, the optimized arm support structure is obtained by: the box structure of rectangular cross section, wherein upper and lower apron are the continuum of material evenly distributed, and the web is symmetrical each other about, forms V type hollow out construction.
The invention has the advantages that: the mechanical property of the arm support under the multi-posture working condition is ensured, and the light weight of the arm support structure is realized.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a design flow diagram in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a finite element model of an arm support according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a model view of a certain section of an arm support according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a result of a topology optimization design of a certain section of an arm support according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a new structure diagram of a certain section of arm support in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5, a topological optimization design method for an arm frame structure of a concrete pump truck is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: as the cantilever crane mainly bears the action of bending moment of a vertical surface in the working process, in order to ensure the rigidity and strength requirements of the cantilever crane, a box-type structure with a rectangular cross section is selected as an initial structure of the cantilever crane, and materials of upper and lower cover plates of the box-type structure are uniformly distributed and set as a non-design area; the webs on the two sides are set as optimized design areas;
step 2: the arm support system of the pump truck consists of a plurality of arm supports, each arm support is connected through a pin shaft, the boundary load of a single arm support is the counter force borne by the pin shaft, and the counter force changes along with the change of the posture of the arm support and the external load;
2.1 establishing a finite element model of the whole arm support structure;
2.2, writing a full-parametric driver by using a Python language, and driving the arm support structure to realize multiple postures based on the position of the connecting rod;
2.3, loading according to the actual condition of the pump truck, and determining the load boundary condition of the single-joint cantilever under the multi-posture working condition by adopting a substructure method;
and step 3: taking a single section of the arm support as an object, applying the multi-attitude load boundary condition of the arm support obtained in the step (2), based on a variable density method, taking the minimum structural weighted strain energy under the multi-attitude working condition as an optimization target, and taking the volume fraction as constraint, and carrying out topology optimization design on the arm support; the mathematical model is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,rin order to obtain a cell pseudo-density,Uis the weighted strain energy of the structure under the multi-posture working condition,Vthe structure is characterized in that the structure is a volume,V 0the volume of the structure is the original volume of the structure,mis a volume fraction;
and 4, step 4: based on the design result of the structural material density distribution diagram obtained in the step 3, considering the manufacturing process, the optimized arm support structure is obtained by: the box structure of rectangular cross section, wherein upper and lower apron are the continuum of material evenly distributed, and the web is symmetrical each other about, forms V type hollow out construction.
The invention ensures the mechanical property of the arm support under the multi-posture working condition and realizes the light weight of the arm support structure.
In order to make the technical means and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is specifically explained by taking a certain concrete pump truck cantilever crane as an example:
example (b): FIG. 1 is a design flow chart
Firstly, an integral finite element model of the pump truck arm support is established, and finite element analysis is carried out on the integral finite element model. The Python language is used for carrying out secondary development on finite element software, parametric driving of a finite element model of the arm support structure is realized based on the change of position parameters of the connecting rod, and various poses of the arm support under different working conditions are automatically realizedState. And applying actual load when the pump truck works in the finite element model, and determining the boundary condition of the single-section arm support by adopting a substructure method, thereby establishing a substructure model of the single-section arm support. And determining a design area and a non-design area in the single-section arm frame structure of the substructure. In order to facilitate the connection and assembly of the arm support, the optimized arm support can be assembled into the integral arm support, and the connection position of the arm support is used as a non-design domain; meanwhile, in order to ensure the mechanical property of the arm support structure, according to the stress characteristics of the arm support, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate of the arm support are used as non-design areas, and the left web plate and the right web plate are used as optimized design areas; density of design area as parameter variableρDepending on the load and the change in the boundary conditions,ρthe value range of (1) is between 0 and 1. When the volume constraint reaches a set value in the optimization process, the optimization iteration is terminated; when the change of the strain energy of the two iterations is smaller than a set value, the optimization iteration is also terminated, and the optimization is finished. Then, according to the topological form of the single-section arm support and in consideration of the manufacturing process, establishing a new model of the substructure, applying the same constraint conditions and loads to the new structure of the section of arm support for analysis, comparing the performance with the performance of the original structure, and changing the volume constraint for re-optimization if the performance is inferior to the original structure; and if the performance of the new structure is better than that of the original structure, finishing the optimization to obtain a final optimized structure.
Through the design steps, a topological optimization design result of the arm support structure can be obtained.
Establishing a finite element model of the pump truck arm support: as shown in fig. 2, a finite element model of the arm support of the pump truck is established, and a simulation analysis model of the arm support is mainly formed by combining a beam section (beam section), a shell section (shell section) and a rigid section (rig body). The connection mode of each section of the arm support is mainly connection of a bolt and a hydraulic cylinder, and the connection mode of a single section of the arm support is mainly welding. The bolt connection is represented by a beam unit, the connection between the beam unit and the peripheral bolt hole is represented by a rigid unit, and the connection of the hydraulic cylinder is represented by a beam unit connection.
The structure of a certain section of the arm frame of the pump truck model is shown in fig. 3, pin shafts of the section of the arm frame are numbered in sequence, loads of the 5 pin shafts are extracted respectively by adopting a substructure method, and the extracted loads are verified and analyzed to obtain the loads at the 5 pin shafts.
The optimization process of the arm support is as follows:
setting an optimized area as a left web plate and a right web plate (removing hinge point gaskets), taking the minimum weighted strain energy under the structural multi-attitude working condition as an optimization target, taking volume fraction as constraint, and adopting a topological optimization mathematical model as follows:
and (3) constraint: no. 1 pin shaft hole is fully constrained.
Loading: the load extracted by the No. 2-5 hinge points is applied to the inner ring of the corresponding pin shaft.
And taking the left and right webs of the arm support as design areas, adopting minimum size constraint, taking the minimum strain energy of the arm support as an optimization target, adopting a variable density method for optimization, and redesigning the structures of the design areas of the left and right webs after the optimization is finished.
Fig. 4 shows the result of the topological optimization of the arm frame, the upper and lower cover plates are continuous bodies, the left and right webs are symmetrical to each other, the web structures form V-shaped hollow structures, the tail ends are reinforced, and the local parts are slightly changed according to the actual manufacturing process.
According to the structural form of the topological optimization of the arm support section in fig. 4, a new structure of the arm support section is established, as shown in fig. 5.
The maximum stress of the single-section arm frame in the new structure is reduced to 630.6MPa from 643.6MPa of the original structure, the maximum stress is reduced by 2.02 percent, and simultaneously the mass is reduced to 407.6Kg from 453Kg, and the weight is reduced by 10.02 percent.
The effectiveness and feasibility of the optimization design method provided by the invention are illustrated by the above calculation example.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A topological optimization design method of a concrete pump truck cantilever crane structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: as the cantilever crane mainly bears the action of bending moment of a vertical surface in the working process, in order to ensure the rigidity and strength requirements of the cantilever crane, a box-type structure with a rectangular cross section is selected as an initial structure of the cantilever crane, and materials of upper and lower cover plates of the box-type structure are uniformly distributed and set as a non-design area; the webs on the two sides are set as optimized design areas;
step 2: the arm support system of the pump truck consists of a plurality of arm supports, each arm support is connected through a pin shaft, the boundary load of a single arm support is the counter force borne by the pin shaft, and the counter force changes along with the change of the posture of the arm support and the external load;
2.1 establishing a finite element model of the whole arm support structure;
2.2, writing a full-parametric driver by using a Python language, and driving the arm support structure to realize multiple postures based on the position of the connecting rod;
2.3, loading according to the actual condition of the pump truck, and determining the load boundary condition of the single-joint cantilever under the multi-posture working condition by adopting a substructure method;
and step 3: taking a single section of the arm support as an object, applying the multi-attitude load boundary condition of the arm support obtained in the step (2), based on a variable density method, taking the minimum structural weighted strain energy under the multi-attitude working condition as an optimization target, and taking the volume fraction as constraint, and carrying out topology optimization design on the arm support; the mathematical model is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,rin order to obtain a cell pseudo-density,Uis the weighted strain energy of the structure under the multi-posture working condition,Vthe structure is characterized in that the structure is a volume,V 0the volume of the structure is the original volume of the structure,mis a volume fraction;
and 4, step 4: based on the design result of the structural material density distribution diagram obtained in the step 3, considering the manufacturing process, the optimized arm support structure is obtained by: the box structure of rectangular cross section, wherein upper and lower apron are the continuum of material evenly distributed, and the web is symmetrical each other about, forms V type hollow out construction.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104765922A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-08 | 西北工业大学 | Method for topological optimization design of cantilever beam structure based on shape-preserved constraints |
| CN108009345A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-08 | 大连交通大学 | Structural topological optimization method based on equivalent mobile load method |
| CN110704912A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-01-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for topological optimization of bridge bracket arm structure under stress constraint |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104765922A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-08 | 西北工业大学 | Method for topological optimization design of cantilever beam structure based on shape-preserved constraints |
| CN108009345A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-08 | 大连交通大学 | Structural topological optimization method based on equivalent mobile load method |
| CN110704912A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-01-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for topological optimization of bridge bracket arm structure under stress constraint |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 焦洪宇等: "桥式起重机箱型主梁周期性拓扑优化设计", 机械工程学报, vol. 50, no. 23, 5 December 2014 (2014-12-05), pages 134 - 139 * |
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