CN102779211B - Optimal design method of smoke box structure of large electric precipitator - Google Patents
Optimal design method of smoke box structure of large electric precipitator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optimal design method of a smoke box structure of a large electric precipitator. The method includes: optimally designing distribution of reinforcing ribs of the smoke box structure: a design model only comprises a wall plate and a supporting rod, a self-adapting growth method based on the nature branch net morphosis mechanism is adopted, and distribution of the reinforcing ribs of a smoke box is designed with minimum structure strain energy as the design target and under the condition of reinforcing rib volume limiting; and optimally designing dimensions of structure parameters of the smoke box in details with minimum structure mass as the design target and under the condition of meeting structural strength and rigidity requirements, and therefore an optimum smoke box structure with high rigidity and strength and low mass is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric precipitator smoke box construction design method, refer to that especially a kind of reinforcement by the adaptive Growth method design smoke box based on nature branch net growth mechanism distributes, and adopt dimensionally-optimised method, make smoke box structure reach the Optimization Design of high rigidity, high strength and lightweight designing requirement.
Background technology
Large-sized Electrostatic Precipitator is a kind of smoke purifying equipment of controlling atmospheric pollution, and it,, with remarkable advantages such as energy-efficient, easy maintenances, is applied in numerous industrial trades more and more widely.Yet, at present to the design of electric precipitator agent structure also without the design theory of standard, when manufacturing, generally by analogy method, design, construction material distributes and sectional dimension definite has blindness, causes a large amount of wastes of material.Smoke box is the major part in electric precipitator agent structure, and its structure is generally the wallboard (Fig. 1,2) that is furnished with reinforcement.The smoke box of an electric precipitator can weigh tens of tons.Reasonably method for designing is to guarantee that smoke box structure has the assurance of high rigidity, high strength and lightweight.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the Optimization Design that a kind of Large-sized Electrostatic Precipitator smoke box structure will be provided, and by two design phases, makes smoke box structure reach the designing requirement of high rigidity, high strength and lightweight.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of Optimization Design of Large-sized Electrostatic Precipitator smoke box structure, the steps include:
1. smoke box structural bead distribution optimization design
Reinforcement distribution design in smoke box structure, adopts and only comprises designing a model of wallboard and strut, and wallboard is the substrate of reinforcement distribution design, and strut plays supporting structure; And adopt the reinforcement distribution that forms the adaptive Growth method design smoke box of mechanism based on nature branch net form state, its optimized mathematical model is as follows:
(1)
In formula,
uit is the strain energy of structure;
vthe volume of structure,
v maxprior given structure maximum volume,
h ibeing design variable, is reinforcement
iheight,
nthe maximum number of reinforcement in design space,
h minwith
h maxit is the bound of design variable.
By formula (1), can be obtained having the smoke box structural bead distributional pattern that meets reinforcing rib design volume requirement of maximum stiffness;
2. smoke box structure is dimensionally-optimised
After having determined the reinforcement distributional pattern of smoke box structure, obtain initial Optimized model, on the basis of reinforcement Optimal Distribution result, the structural parameters of smoke box are carried out to detailed dimensionally-optimised design:
First the reinforcement distributional pattern obtaining according to first step and the actual cross-sectional dimensions of reinforcement, delete improving little, the undersized reinforcement of rigidity of structure effect; Then, the sectional dimension of reinforcement is summarized as to several specification; Then adopt the mathematical model of optimizing design shown in formula (2) to carry out dimensionally-optimised, dimensionally-optimised result and make smoke box architecture quality minimum, meet the strength and stiffness requirement of structure simultaneously;
（2）
In formula,
wfor the gross mass of smoke box,
ufor the total strain energy of smoke box, [
u] be the higher limit of smoke box total strain energy,
s maxfor the maximum VON MISES stress of smoke box, [
s] be the permissible stress of smoke box material,
x 1,
x 2...,
x mfor design variable, comprise the thickness of smoke box wallboard, the sectional dimension of reinforcement,
mfor the number of design variable,
x minwith
x maxbound for design variable; Through the design of above two steps, obtain the smoke box optimum structure of high rigidity, high strength and lightweight.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The optimization smoke box structure obtaining by method design of the present invention is compared with traditional structure, and quality is light, and integral rigidity and the intensity of structure are high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is conventional smoke box structure front view;
Fig. 2 is the rear view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the finite element model of smoke box;
Fig. 4 is by the reinforcement distribution skeleton schematic diagram in the smoke box after first stage optimal design;
Fig. 5 is smoke box structural bead distribution design regularization result schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is distribution and the cross section parameter schematic diagram of reinforcement and wallboard.
Embodiment
The Optimization Design of Large-sized Electrostatic Precipitator smoke box structure of the present invention, comprises two stage optimal design:
Design phase one: smoke box structural bead distribution optimization design
Because the distributional pattern of smoke box structural bead is the principal element that affects the rigidity of structure, and only have and after reinforcement distributional pattern is determined, could further to other architectural features, carry out dimensionally-optimisedly, so the first step of the method for designing that proposes of the present invention is that the reinforcement distributional pattern of smoke box structure is optimized.For smoke box structure is carried out to reinforcement distribution design, design a model and only comprise wallboard and strut, wallboard is the substrate of reinforcement distribution design, strut plays supporting structure.In order to improve design efficiency, the present invention adopts the reinforcement distribution that forms the adaptive Growth method design smoke box of mechanism based on nature branch net form state, and its optimized mathematical model is as follows:
(1)
In formula,
uit is the strain energy of structure;
vthe volume of structure,
v maxit is prior given structure maximum volume.
h ibeing design variable, is reinforcement
iheight,
nthe maximum number of reinforcement in design space,
h minwith
h maxit is the bound of design variable.
By formula (1), can be obtained having the smoke box structural bead distributional pattern that meets reinforcing rib design volume requirement of maximum stiffness.
Design phase two: smoke box structure dimensionally-optimised
After having determined the reinforcement distributional pattern of smoke box structure, can obtain initial Optimized model.For further improving the mechanical property of smoke box, need to, on the basis of reinforcement Optimal Distribution result, to the structural parameters of smoke box, carry out more detailed dimensionally-optimised design.
There is the muscle of multiple different cross section size in the smoke box reinforcement obtaining based on adaptive Growth method, such reinforcement is distributed in engineering reality and is difficult to processing, need carry out regularization processing to smoke box reinforcement distribution design result in distributing.First the reinforcement distributional pattern obtaining according to the first stage and the actual cross-sectional dimensions of reinforcement, delete improving little, the undersized reinforcement of rigidity of structure effect; Then, the sectional dimension of reinforcement is summarized as to several specification.Adopt the mathematical model of optimizing design shown in following formula to carry out dimensionally-optimised, dimensionally-optimised result and can make smoke box architecture quality minimum, meet the strength and stiffness requirement of structure simultaneously.
（2）
In formula,
wfor the gross mass of smoke box,
ufor the total strain energy of smoke box, [
u] be the higher limit of smoke box total strain energy,
s maxfor the maximum VON MISES stress of smoke box, [
s] be the permissible stress of smoke box material,
x 1,
x 2...,
x mfor design variable, comprise the thickness of smoke box wallboard, the sectional dimension of reinforcement etc.,
mnumber for design variable.
x minwith
x maxbound for design variable.
Through the design in above two stages, can obtain the smoke box optimum structure of high rigidity, high strength and lightweight.
Embodiment:
The typical Large-sized Electrostatic Precipitator smoke box structure of take describes as example, Fig. 1, and 2 are depicted as typical conventional smoke box structure, and it is comprised of wallboard 12, strut 11 and reinforcement 10.As shown in Figure 1, in traditional smoke box structure, reinforcement 10 is equally distributed parallel muscle substantially.
(1) the smoke box structural bead distribution design based on adaptive Growth method
Adaptive Growth design method is to propose according to the growth mechanism of nature branching system, it is being given under the condition of constant load and support, with shell unit simulation thin plate shell, with beam element, simulate reinforcement, using " seed " selected beam element around as initial growth reinforcement, on the basis of finite element analysis, growth reinforcement is carried out to sensitivity analysis, and according to the reinforcement depth of section height of new formula growth reinforcement more, by difference and criterion of degeneracy, upgrade the long status that becomes of reinforcement, under new growth reinforcement set, carry out next round optimal design, circulation so repeatedly, make reinforcement along making the direction of structural entity rigidity maximum constantly grow up, until the cumulative volume of structure has reached design volume, thereby obtain the final distributional pattern of reinforcement.
For smoke box is carried out to reinforcement distribution design, design a model and only comprise wallboard and strut, wallboard is the substrate of reinforcement distribution design, strut plays supporting structure.
With reference to arrangement form and the size of wallboard and strut in smoke box traditional structure, set up the finite element model of smoke box.As shown in Figure 3.
By the optimized mathematical model of formula (1), can obtain the design result shown in Fig. 4.For the ease of with the contrast of traditional smoke box design result, during reinforcement distribution design, the design volume upper limit of structure is made as to identical with traditional structure.Comparison diagram 3 is visible with Fig. 1, in conventional smoke box structure, reinforcement distributes more regular, and reinforcement distributional pattern based on adaptive Growth method is relevant to feature and the bearer properties of structure, therefore the reinforcement based on adaptive Growth method distributes and distributes than the reinforcement in smoke box traditional structure, more can make full use of material, more reasonable.Meanwhile, the whole strain energy of optimizing structure is compared and has been declined 47.28% with traditional structure, further illustrates rationality and the validity of smoke box self-adaptation reinforcement distribution design.
(2) the dimensionally-optimised design of smoke box structure
The design result of design phase one, has obtained the reinforcement Optimal Distribution form of high rigidity.For further improving the mechanical property of smoke box, need to, on the basis of reinforcement Optimal Distribution result, to the dimensional parameters of smoke box structure, carry out more detailed optimal design.
In the reinforcement distributional pattern of design phase one gained, have the muscle of multiple different cross section size, such reinforcement processing difficulties, so need carry out regularization processing to reinforcement distribution design result.First according to the actual cross-sectional dimensions of the distributional pattern of reinforcement and reinforcement, delete improving little, the undersized muscle of rigidity of structure effect; Then, the sectional dimension of reinforcement is summarized as to two kinds of specifications.As shown in Figure 5, thicker muscle represents the reinforcement that specification is larger, and thinner muscle represents the reinforcement that specification is less.
In this example, select angle steel to be welded on wallboard as reinforcement, structure as shown in Figure 6.Selecting the parameter in Fig. 6 is optimal design variable, wherein
dfor the angle steel thickness of reinforcement 10,
wfor the width of angle steel,
hfor the height of angle steel,
tthickness for wallboard 12.
According to the Optimized model of formula (2), mathematic(al) representation concrete in this example is:
（3）
In formula,
wfor the general assembly (TW) of smoke box,
ufor the total strain energy of smoke box in Optimal Structure Designing, [
u] be the higher limit of smoke box total strain energy,
for the maximum VON MISES stress of smoke box,
for the permissible stress of smoke box material, the subscript of design variable represents two kinds of different angle steel specifications, and 1 is small dimension angle steel, and 2 is large specification angle steel.
t min , w imin , h imin , d imin with
t max , w imax , h imax , d imax be respectively the bound of respective design variable.
By the optimized mathematical model of formula (3), can obtain the value of the variable of optimal design shown in table 1.Because angle steel is standard component, to the design result of angle steel, need carry out standardization; Meanwhile, with reference to engineering Common Steels plate thickness, wallboard thickness is carried out to rounding.
According to the design result of table 1, set up finite element model, to optimizing structure, to analyze, table 2 is the correlation analysis result of optimal design structure and traditional structure.
As shown in Table 2, smoke box optimal design structure is compared with traditional structure, and volume reduces 7.53%, and whole strain energy has declined 7.53%; In addition, the maximum stress of each member of smoke box has certain reducing, and the intensity of smoke box increases.
Application examples has illustrated the validity of the Optimization Design that the present invention proposes.
Claims (1)
1. an Optimization Design for Large-sized Electrostatic Precipitator smoke box structure, is characterized in that, the steps include:
(1) smoke box structural bead distribution optimization design
Reinforcement distribution design in smoke box structure, adopts and only comprises designing a model of wallboard and strut, and wallboard is the substrate of reinforcement distribution design, and strut plays supporting structure; The reinforcement that employing forms the adaptive Growth method design smoke box of mechanism based on nature branch net form state distributes, and its optimized mathematical model is as follows:
Min U(h
1,h
2,...,h
n)
S.t.V≤V
max (1)
h
min≤h
i≤h
max(i＝1,2,...n)
In formula, U is the strain energy of structure; V is the volume of structure, V
maxprior given structure maximum volume, h
ibeing design variable, is the height of reinforcement i, and n is the maximum number of reinforcement in design space, h
minand h
maxit is the bound of design variable;
By formula (1), can be obtained having the smoke box structural bead distributional pattern that meets reinforcing rib design volume requirement of maximum stiffness;
(2) smoke box structure is dimensionally-optimised
After having determined the reinforcement distributional pattern of smoke box structure, obtain initial Optimized model, on the basis of reinforcement Optimal Distribution result, the structural parameters of smoke box are carried out to detailed dimensionally-optimised design:
First the reinforcement distributional pattern obtaining according to first step and the actual cross-sectional dimensions of reinforcement, delete improving the little small size reinforcement of rigidity of structure effect; Then, the sectional dimension of reinforcement is summarized as to several specification; Then adopt the mathematical model of optimizing design shown in formula (2) to carry out dimensionally-optimised, dimensionally-optimised result and make smoke box architecture quality minimum, meet the strength and stiffness requirement of structure simultaneously;
Min W(x
1,x
2,...,x
m)
S.t.U≤[U] (2)
σ
max≤[σ]
x
min≤x
i≤x
max(i＝1,2,...m)
In formula, the gross mass that W is smoke box, the total strain energy that U is smoke box, [U] is the higher limit of smoke box total strain energy, σ
maxfor the maximum VON MISES stress of smoke box, [σ] is the permissible stress of smoke box material, x
ifor design variable, comprise the thickness of smoke box wallboard, the sectional dimension of reinforcement, the number that m is design variable, x
minand x
maxbound for design variable; Through the design of above two steps, obtain the smoke box optimum structure of high rigidity, high strength and lightweight.
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| CN105243240B (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2018-08-28 | 上海理工大学 | High just lightweight Machine Tool Structures optimum design method |
| CN110633495A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-12-31 | 张家港市锦明机械有限公司 | Design method of high-temperature electric dust remover structure |
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