CN112782654A - Phased array radar target echo signal simulation system - Google Patents
Phased array radar target echo signal simulation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phased array radar target echo signal simulation system which comprises a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit, a radio frequency signal up-conversion unit, an intermediate frequency signal processing unit and the like. When the system works, if a radar transmitting signal is received, acquiring a radar intermediate frequency signal, performing signal measurement, storing the radar signal, superposing delay and Doppler information, and generating a target echo signal and a height echo signal which are guided coherently; if the signal is actively generated, the baseband SAR echo data is digitally up-converted into an SAR intermediate frequency echo signal according to the type of the generated signal, or a linear frequency modulation signal is actively generated, or an intermediate frequency dot frequency continuous signal is actively generated. The invention can comprehensively and integrally simulate various target echo signal forms such as SAR echo, coherent guidance signals and the like in a single device, and monitor and display radar signal parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radar echo signal simulation, in particular to a phased array radar target echo signal simulation method.
Background
The rapid development of radar technology brings the radar target echo signal simulation technology, namely the rapid progress of radar testing technology. The phased array is more and more widely applied, the borne tasks are more and more complex, and the phased array has the characteristics of multiple functions and multiple tasks, including search and tracking, SAR imaging, frequency agility, height measurement and other functions. Therefore, higher requirements are put on radar testing technology, and the radar testing equipment is developed towards multifunctional integration and simulation of various target forms. The radar target echo signal simulation has various forms and technologies, wherein radar transmitting signals are collected, processed and forwarded through a radio frequency storage technology, and the radar target simulation is widely applied in the aspect of radar target simulation, but the existing single target echo signal simulation form and simulation equipment cannot meet the test requirements of multifunctional multi-system radars, particularly phased array radars.
Technical scheme
The invention aims to provide a phased array radar target echo signal simulation system which can comprehensively simulate target echo signals of various systems.
In order to solve the technical problem, the phased array radar target echo signal simulation system provided by the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the system comprises a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit, a radio frequency signal up-conversion unit, a frequency synthesis unit, an intermediate frequency signal processing unit, a system control unit and man-machine interaction software;
the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit is used for receiving radio frequency signals transmitted by the phased array radar, and obtaining power-stable intermediate frequency signals through frequency mixing, amplification, filtering and attenuation;
the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit is used for obtaining a radio frequency echo signal with adjustable power through frequency mixing, amplification, filtering, attenuation and amplitude stabilization, and sending the radio frequency echo signal to the phased array radar;
the frequency synthesis unit is used for generating a local oscillator signal with variable frequency;
the intermediate frequency signal processing unit is used for generating a target intermediate frequency echo signal, an SAR echo intermediate frequency signal, an intermediate frequency linear frequency modulation signal, an intermediate frequency dot frequency signal and a height simulation intermediate frequency echo signal which are guided by phased array radar coherent guidance, and is used for measuring radar emission signal parameters;
the system control unit generates control signals for controlling a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit, a radio frequency signal up-conversion unit, a frequency synthesis unit and the like in the radar in real time;
the human-computer interaction software is used for human-computer interaction operation and realizes the selection control and parameter setting of system function modes, frequency, power, time delay, bandwidth, pulse width, signal switches;
when the system works, the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit receives a phased array radar radio frequency signal, the frequency synthesis unit sets a local oscillation frequency value according to the calculation control of the control unit, a radar intermediate frequency signal generated by the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit enters the intermediate frequency signal processing unit, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit performs signal parameter calculation according to the selection of a man-machine interaction software function mode, a corresponding intermediate frequency signal is generated, the intermediate frequency signal enters the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit, and a radio frequency phased array radar target echo signal is generated.
Further, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit detects whether a phased array radar transmission signal is received or a signal is actively generated;
if a radar-transmitted signal is received,
when the coherent guidance mode is set, target delay and Doppler information are superposed to generate a coherent guidance target echo signal;
when the height echo simulation mode is set, a target height value is set, and a height echo signal is generated;
when the signal measurement mode is set, measuring to obtain signal frequency, pulse width and repetition frequency parameter values;
if the signal is generated actively, it is,
when the SAR echo signal generating mode is set, loading a baseband SAR echo number, setting SAR echo parameters, receiving a synchronous trigger signal and generating a radio frequency SAR target echo signal;
when the mode is set to generate the linear frequency modulation signal, setting linear frequency modulation signal parameters, receiving a synchronous trigger signal and generating a radio frequency linear frequency modulation signal;
when the mode is set to generate the dot frequency signal, the parameters of the dot frequency signal are set, and the dot frequency signal is actively generated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a radar echo signal simulation system, in particular to simulation of phased array radar and SAR imaging echo data, and provides a technical means for radar testing.
The phased array radar target echo signal simulation system provided by the invention can comprehensively and integrally simulate various target echo signal forms such as SAR echoes, coherent guide signals and the like in a single device, monitor and display radar signal parameters, and has practical application significance for testing target discovery, search and tracking of a multifunctional radar and SAR imaging functions. The phased array radar target echo signal simulation can continuously generate multi-scene and multi-mode radio frequency SAR echo signals, is used for testing the capabilities of phased array multi-mode continuous imaging and mode switching, and is beneficial to improving the integrity and systematicness of phased array system testing.
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FIG. 1 is a diagram of a phased array radar target echo signal simulation system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a SAR target echo signal simulation method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a SAR target echo signal simulation method with frequency hopping function according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a method for simulating SAR target echo signals in different system modes according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of target echo signal simulation according to various systems of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the coherent guidance function implementation of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a chirp function implementation of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the implementation of the dot frequency signal function of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment of a height signal simulation function;
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a signal measurement function according to the present invention;
fig. 11 is a flow chart of a signal measurement method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the phased array radar target echo signal simulation system provided by the present invention is implemented based on an FPGA, and has a uniform intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104, a system control unit 108, a frequency synthesis unit 103, a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit 101, a radio frequency signal up-conversion unit 102, and a human-computer interaction software 109.
Phased array radar target echo signal analog system possesses phased array radar signal coherent guide function, possess and produce SAR echo signal function, possess and produce the linear frequency modulation signal function, possess and produce the dot-frequency signal function, possess high echo signal analog function, possess the signal measurement function, can realize that the phased array trails to sea target, the target search, to the land formation of image, to the test of functions such as land height finding, can satisfy the multi-functional multitask test demand of phased array radar, realize the order broadcast or the selective broadcast of many scene echo signals.
As shown in fig. 1, the functions of each module unit of the phased array radar target echo signal simulation system are as follows:
the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit 101 is used for receiving a radio frequency signal transmitted by the phased array radar, and obtaining a power-stable intermediate frequency signal through frequency mixing, amplification, filtering, attenuation and the like;
the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit 102 is used for obtaining a radio frequency echo signal with accurately adjustable power through frequency mixing, amplification, filtering, attenuation, amplitude stabilization and the like, and sending the radio frequency echo signal to the phased array radar;
the frequency synthesis unit 103 is used for generating a local oscillator signal with variable frequency to meet the requirement of frequency agility of the phased array radar signal;
the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 is a core part for generating multi-system target echo signals, and is configured to generate a target intermediate frequency echo signal for phased array radar coherent guidance, generate an SAR echo intermediate frequency signal, generate an intermediate frequency chirp signal, generate an intermediate frequency dot frequency signal, and generate a highly simulated intermediate frequency echo signal, and is configured to measure radar transmission signal parameters.
The intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 includes a receiving and collecting module 105, a calculating module 106 and a signal generating module 107. The receiving and collecting module 105 is used for performing digital sampling on the radar intermediate frequency signal, performing analog-to-digital conversion and storing; the calculation module 106 is configured to measure parameters such as frequency, pulse width, repetition frequency, and the like of a radar intermediate frequency signal, calculate a wavelength of the radar radio frequency signal according to the radar intermediate frequency signal, and calculate a doppler frequency value according to the signal wavelength and the target movement speed; calculating the bandwidth of the generated linear frequency modulation signal according to the linear frequency modulation slope; the signal generating module 107 generates digital up-conversion according to the SAR baseband echo data to generate an SAR echo intermediate frequency signal, and generates an intermediate frequency chirp signal and an intermediate frequency dot frequency signal through digital-to-analog conversion.
The system control unit 108 is used for controlling a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit, a radio frequency signal up-conversion unit, a frequency synthesis unit and the like in the radar in real time and generating control signals; and the human-computer interaction software 109 is used for human-computer interaction operation and realizing selection control and parameter setting of system function modes, frequency, power, time delay, bandwidth, pulse width, signal switches and the like.
When the system works, the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit 101 receives a phased array radar radio frequency signal, the frequency synthesis unit 103 sets a local oscillation frequency value according to calculation control of the system control unit 108, a radar intermediate frequency signal generated by the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit enters the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104, signal parameter calculation is carried out according to selection of a function mode of the man-machine interaction software 109, a corresponding intermediate frequency signal is generated, and the signal enters the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit 102 to generate a radio frequency phased array radar target echo signal.
According to the functional mode configuration, the phased array radar target echo signal simulation system is divided into a working mode for receiving radar transmission signals and a mode for actively generating signals. The mode of receiving radar emission signals can generate coherent-guided target echo signals, highly-simulated echo signals and measurement radar signals; the mode of actively generating signals can generate SAR echo signals, chirp continuous wave signals and dot frequency signals. Target echo signals of various systems generated by simulating echo signals integrally are synthesized by using a single device, and the test requirement of the phased array is met.
The if signal processing unit 104 generates a corresponding if signal according to the selection of the functional mode and the signal parameter calculation, which is specifically as follows:
as shown in fig. 5, the if signal processing unit 104 detects whether a phased array radar transmission signal is received or a signal is actively generated.
If a radar-transmitted signal is received,
when the coherent guidance mode is set, target delay and Doppler information are superposed to generate a coherent guidance target echo signal;
when the height echo simulation mode is set, a target height value is set, and a height echo signal is generated;
when the signal measurement mode is set, the parameter values of signal frequency, pulse width, repetition frequency and the like are obtained through measurement.
If the signal is generated actively, it is,
when the SAR echo signal generating mode is set, loading a baseband SAR echo number, setting SAR echo parameters, receiving a synchronous trigger signal and generating a radio frequency SAR echo signal;
when the mode is set to generate the linear frequency modulation signal, setting linear frequency modulation signal parameters, receiving a synchronous trigger signal and generating a radio frequency linear frequency modulation signal;
when the mode is set to generate the dot frequency signal, the parameters of the dot frequency signal are set, and the dot frequency signal is actively generated.
The invention provides a radio frequency SAR target echo signal simulation method based on a phased array radar target echo signal simulation system, and the specific implementation flow is shown in figure 2.
Step S301, baseband SAR echo data are manufactured in advance according to required image characteristics through the human-computer interaction software 109, the SAR baseband echo data are loaded, and the SAR echo data format meets the requirements of sampling rate and storage format.
Step S302, parameters such as frequency and power of target echo simulation, and parameter values such as data size, scene serial number and playing delay of SAR echo data are set through the human-computer interaction software 109.
Step S303, when the system works, the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit 101 receives a phased array radar radio frequency signal, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 collects, processes and forwards a radar transmission signal through a radio frequency storage technology and stores the radar transmission signal in an image processor memory, and baseband SAR echo data is converted into an SAR intermediate frequency echo signal through digital up-conversion, or a linear frequency modulation signal is actively generated, or an intermediate frequency spot frequency signal is actively generated according to the type of a generated signal.
Step S304, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 outputs the SAR target intermediate frequency echo signal in real time according to the external synchronization signal trigger and the delay value setting.
Step S305, selecting the parameters of the played scenes through the human-computer interaction software 109, selecting the initial sequence number and the number of the played SAR images, and playing SAR echo signals of a plurality of scenes in sequence or selectively, so as to realize the test of the radar imaging function and the test of multi-scene multi-mode continuous imaging.
Step S306, the system control unit 108 sets the local oscillation frequency of the frequency synthesis unit 103, supplies the local oscillation frequency to the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit 102, performs power control on the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit 102, sets the local oscillation frequency as a signal linear amplification output, and generates a radio frequency SAR target intermediate frequency echo signal.
The SAR echo signal generating function of phased array radar target echo signal simulation provided by the embodiment can be consistent with the movement track, imaging parameter configuration and working mode of radar imaging, and under the cooperation of synchronous triggering, the SAR echo signal is sent to a phased array receiver and a signal processing system in real time, the processing requirement of phased array real-time imaging is met, multi-scene continuous playing can be carried out, the echo signals of different SAR imaging modes and different scenes are output, and the SAR imaging function of radar is comprehensively verified.
Further, the SAR target echo is generated and has a frequency hopping function.
The central frequency of the SAR echo signal can change back and forth on two frequencies according to the synchronous trigger signal and the adjacent pulse signal, a jump frequency value can be set, and the jump frequency phase difference value can be set within 300 MHz. In this case, the generated SAR echo signal is processed into a signal having a wider bandwidth, and the resolution can be improved. The function of frequency hopping of SAR target echo signal simulation is realized by selecting different local oscillation sources through adjacent pulse echo signals, and the local oscillation sources are alternately selected under the trigger of an external synchronous signal, so that the SAR echo signal with frequency hopping is generated.
A flow chart of an implementation of the SAR target echo signal simulation method with the frequency hopping function is shown in fig. 3.
S311, loading SAR baseband echo data in a frequency hopping mode through the human-computer interaction software 109;
step S312, setting parameters such as target echo signal frequency, power, data size, playing delay and the like, a jump frequency value and the like through the human-computer interaction software 109;
step S313, the frequency synthesis unit 103 generates a digital local oscillation source in the FPGA according to the jump frequency value;
step S314, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 receives the synchronization trigger signal;
step S315, the system control unit 108 determines whether the number of synchronization pulses is an odd number, i.e., 1, 3, 5.;
step S316, if the number of pulses is odd, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 performs digital up-conversion processing on the SAR echo data to obtain an SAR target echo signal of the intermediate frequency under the current pulse;
step S317, if the number of pulses is not the odd number, the number of synchronization pulses is the even number, that is, 2, 4, 6, so, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 performs digital up-conversion processing on the SAR echo data, mixes the SAR echo data with the digital local oscillation source generated by the frequency synthesis unit 103, and generates an intermediate frequency SAR target echo signal of a hopping frequency under the current pulse;
step S318, according to the synchronous trigger signal, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 alternately outputs the SAR target echo signal with the set intermediate frequency and the set frequency modulation frequency in real time according to the play delay;
step S319, the system control unit 108 performs power control on the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit 102 to generate a SAR target echo signal with frequency hopping.
Furthermore, the SAR target echo signal simulation generation method can continuously generate SAR target echo signals of different systems, working modes and target scenes, thereby adapting to the requirements of the tested radar on different echo signal types and meeting the requirements of continuous imaging under the conditions of the radar working mode and observation scene change during full trajectory simulation test.
An implementation flow chart of the method for continuously generating the SAR target echo signals of different systems, modes and scenes is shown in fig. 4.
Step S321, SAR target echo baseband data of different systems, working modes and target scenes are generated in advance through SAR echo signal simulation software, and are combined according to a playing sequence to generate a data file;
step S322, the system control unit 108 loads the generated multi-scenario SAR baseband echo data merge file;
step S323, setting the data size of SAR echo data of each scene, and parameter values such as playing scene serial number, scene number, playing delay and the like through the human-computer interaction software 109;
step S324, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 generates an intermediate frequency SAR target scene echo signal;
step 325, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 receives the synchronous trigger signal, and continuously outputs the SAR echo signal of each scene according to the timing control of the synchronous trigger signal;
step S326, the system control unit 108 performs power control on the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit 102, and continuously generates the radio frequency SAR echo signal of each scene.
And packaging and synthesizing a data file, downloading, setting parameters of the data file and parameters of a playing scene, and smoothly playing or selectively playing SAR target echo signals which generate different modes, different systems and different scenes under the triggering and time sequence control of external synchronous signals.
The invention provides a multi-system and multi-task integrated target echo signal simulation method based on a phased array radar target echo signal simulation system.
The method can comprehensively simulate target echo signals of various radar systems, including coherent guide signals, altitude echo signals and the like, has a radar signal coherent guide function, a frequency agility function, a linear frequency modulation signal generating function, a dot frequency signal generating function, an altitude echo signal simulating function and a signal measuring function, and has the advantages of being capable of generating linear frequency modulation signals, high in accuracy and low in cost. The method is suitable for multi-system and multi-function test of the phased array. The test of the phased array on functions of sea target tracking, target searching, land imaging, land height measurement and the like can be realized, the multifunctional and multitask test requirements of the phased array radar can be met, and the sequential playing or selective playing of a plurality of scene echo signals can be realized.
The specific implementation flow of selecting the coherent radar signal guiding function is shown in fig. 6.
Step S201, receiving a radio frequency signal transmitted by a phased array radar;
step S202, parameter values such as central frequency, power, target delay, delay end point, speed and the like of target echo simulation are set through the human-computer interaction software 109;
step S203, the frequency synthesis unit 103 sets the local oscillation frequency of the frequency synthesis unit 103 and the frequency selection channels of the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit 101 and the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit 102 according to the central frequency and the frequency measurement value;
step S204, the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit 101 receives a radio frequency signal transmitted by a radar and performs down-conversion processing to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, wherein one path of the intermediate frequency signal enters a detection module in the radio frequency down-conversion unit 101, the other path of the intermediate frequency signal enters a frequency measurement module in the radio frequency down-conversion unit 101, and the other path of the intermediate frequency signal enters the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104; the detection module determines the pulse starting time and the pulse ending time of a received signal; the frequency measurement module measures the frequency value after down-conversion, and sets the tracking local oscillator and the frequency band of the filter bank, so that the radar intermediate frequency signal falls into the bandwidth of the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104. By using the detection trigger signal, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 collects a radar intermediate frequency signal;
step S205, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 calculates a signal doppler frequency value according to the target velocity value, superimposes and sets information such as a fixed delay value, a variable delay value, a doppler frequency value, a velocity doppler value, and a multi-target signal of the target, and then outputs a coherent intermediate frequency target echo signal modulated by the target information;
step S206, the modulated intermediate frequency target echo signal enters the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit 102, and a coherent pilot signal of the radio frequency is output through amplification, filtering, and amplitude stabilization.
The coherent guidance function provided by this embodiment can generate a target echo signal coherent with a phased array transmission signal, and has a target delay scanning function, a target distance can move from far to near or from near to far, and output power can also dynamically change according to a radar equation and a target distance, so as to realize testing of functions such as radar pulse compression, target search, target tracking, angle tracking, and the like.
The specific implementation flow of selecting the chirp function is shown in fig. 7.
Step S401, setting parameters such as frequency, power and the like of target echo simulation and parameters such as bandwidth, pulse width, time delay and the like of a linear frequency modulation signal through the human-computer interaction software 109;
step S402, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 calculates the chirp rate of the chirp signal according to the bandwidth and the pulse width, and calculates to obtain an intermediate frequency chirp signal of one pulse.
Step S403, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 receives the phased array radar synchronous trigger signal, outputs a linear frequency modulation signal in real time according to the play delay, and the repetition frequency of the linear frequency modulation signal is controlled by the external synchronous trigger signal;
step S403, the intermediate frequency chirp signal enters the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit 102, and according to the set power value, the system control unit 108 performs power control on the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit 102 to generate a radio frequency chirp signal.
The present embodiment provides a function of generating a chirp signal, which is capable of transmitting a standard radio frequency chirp signal, performing a pulse compression process on a phased array, verifying a target identification function of a range-to-pulse pressure, and a range-to-focus function in an SAR imaging processing algorithm.
The specific implementation flow of the function of selectively generating the dot frequency signal is shown in fig. 8.
Step S501, setting the human-computer interaction software 109 as a functional mode for actively generating the dot frequency signal, setting parameters such as frequency and power of echo simulation, and setting modulation switch options of the dot frequency signal, pulse width and periodicity of the dot frequency signal;
step S502, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 actively generates a dot frequency continuous wave signal of the intermediate frequency;
step S503, when the system control unit 108 controls the modulation of the dot frequency signal to be turned off, outputting a dot frequency continuous wave signal of a radio frequency according to a set frequency value;
step S504, when the system control unit 108 controls the modulation of the dot frequency signal to be turned on, the modulator is controlled according to the pulse width and the period, and the radio frequency dot frequency signal modulated by the pulse is output.
The function of generating a dot frequency signal provided by this embodiment can generate a dot frequency continuous wave signal and a pulse modulated dot frequency signal, and implement the function of a standard signal source.
The specific implementation flow of selecting the altitude echo function is shown in fig. 9.
Step S601, a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit 101 receives a radio frequency signal transmitted by a phased array radar;
step S602, the man-machine interaction software 109 sets parameters such as frequency, power, target height value and the like of target echo simulation;
step S603, the frequency synthesis unit 103 sets a local oscillation frequency value of the frequency synthesis unit and frequency selection channels of the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit and the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit according to the frequency;
step S604, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 collects and stores the intermediate frequency signals transmitted by the radar;
step S605, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 calculates a signal delay value according to the target height value, and generates an intermediate frequency echo signal of the superimposed target delay;
the height echo signal simulator comprises a point target height echo signal simulation and a scene height echo signal simulation; simulating a point target height echo signal, setting a delay value corresponding to the target height by using a coherent guidance function, receiving a radar transmitting signal, and generating a point target height echo signal by using coherent guidance; and simulating the scene height echo signal, loading the baseband scene height echo signal by using an SAR echo generation function, setting a height delay value, receiving a synchronous trigger signal and generating the scene height echo signal.
In step S606, the system control unit 108 performs power control on the rf signal up-conversion unit 102 to generate an rf echo signal.
The high signal simulation function of phased array radar target echo signal simulation that this embodiment provided can produce the high continuous step-by-step target height simulation echo signal, can satisfy phased array transmission signal for the high echo signal simulation of target of linear frequency modulation continuous wave, satisfies the test requirement of radar successive height finding.
The signal measurement function is used for measuring parameters such as frequency, pulse width, pulse repetition frequency and the like of the received signals, has the capability of monitoring the received signals in real time, can find abnormal states of the received signals in time, and meanwhile, utilizes tested data analysis and troubleshooting through the function of storing and reading the monitored signals, so that the problem solving efficiency is improved. The implementation of the signal measurement method is shown in fig. 11.
Firstly, receiving a radio frequency signal transmitted by a phased array radar, and performing radio frequency down-conversion treatment to divide power into 3 paths; one path of the signal is subjected to radio frequency detection to obtain a modulated pulse signal, and a system control unit measures the pulse signal to obtain the pulse width and the pulse repetition frequency value of the signal; one path is subjected to frequency measurement, and the local vibration source frequency is set; the other path is subjected to down-conversion frequency mixing processing with a local vibration source to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, the intermediate frequency signal enters an intermediate frequency signal processing unit, an intermediate frequency value is measured by collecting the intermediate frequency signal transmitted by a radar, and then a radio frequency signal frequency value is obtained by calculation according to the set local vibration source frequency value; and finally, automatically updating the measured values of the monitored radio frequency signal frequency, the monitored pulse width and the monitored pulse repetition frequency in real time on display control software.
The specific implementation flow of selecting the signal measurement function is shown in fig. 10.
Step S701, a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit 101 receives a radio frequency signal transmitted by a phased array radar;
step S702, the man-machine interaction software 109 sets the central frequency of the target echo simulation, and sets the local oscillation frequency value of the frequency synthesis unit according to the central frequency;
step S703, the system control unit 108 detects the radar radio frequency signal, and measures the pulse width and the pulse repetition frequency value of the signal according to the detection pulse;
measuring pulse width, namely calculating a pulse width value of a radar signal according to the time difference between the leading edge and the trailing edge of a pulse of a radio frequency detection signal; and (4) measuring the repetition frequency, namely calculating the period value of the radar signal according to the time difference of the leading edges of a plurality of pulses of the radio frequency detection signal, and taking the reciprocal to obtain the repetition frequency value.
Step S704, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 collects intermediate frequency signals transmitted by the radar, measures intermediate frequency values, and calculates to obtain radio frequency signal frequency values according to local oscillation values of the frequency integration unit 103;
step S705, automatically updating the measured values of the radio frequency signal frequency, the pulse width, and the pulse repetition frequency on the human-machine software 109.
The signal measurement function that this embodiment provided can real-time supervision phased array transmission signal's key parameter to have the record memory function, according to signal monitoring information, can in time judge the operating condition of radar in the testing process, know the switching of radar work flow and mode, provide data support to testing process and fault location and diagnosis.
Claims (12)
1. A phased array radar target echo signal simulation system is characterized by comprising a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit (101), a radio frequency signal up-conversion unit (102), a frequency synthesis unit (103), an intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104), a system control unit (108) and human-computer interaction software 109;
the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit (101) is used for receiving radio frequency signals transmitted by the phased array radar, and obtaining power-stable intermediate frequency signals through frequency mixing, amplification, filtering and attenuation;
the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit (102) is used for obtaining a radio frequency echo signal with adjustable power through frequency mixing, amplification, filtering, attenuation and amplitude stabilization, and sending the radio frequency echo signal to the phased array radar;
the frequency synthesis unit (103) is used for generating a local oscillator signal with variable frequency;
the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) is used for generating a target intermediate frequency echo signal, an SAR echo intermediate frequency signal, an intermediate frequency linear frequency modulation signal, an intermediate frequency dot frequency signal and a height simulation intermediate frequency echo signal which are guided by phased array radar coherent guidance, and is used for measuring radar emission signal parameters;
the system control unit (108) is used for controlling a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit (101), a radio frequency signal up-conversion unit (102) and a frequency synthesis unit (103) in the radar in real time and controlling the generation of control signals;
the human-computer interaction software (109) is used for human-computer interaction operation and realizing system function mode, frequency, power, time delay, bandwidth, pulse width, signal switch selection control and parameter setting;
when the system works, a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit (101) receives a phased array radar radio frequency signal, according to the calculation control of a control unit (108), a frequency synthesis unit (103) sets a local oscillator frequency value, a radar intermediate frequency signal generated by the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit enters an intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104), according to the selection of a function mode of man-machine interaction software (109), the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) performs signal parameter calculation to generate a corresponding intermediate frequency signal, and the intermediate frequency signal enters a radio frequency signal up-conversion unit (102) to generate a radio frequency phased array radar target echo signal.
2. A phased array radar target echo signal simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) comprises a reception acquisition module (105), a calculation module (106) and a signal generation module (107);
the receiving and collecting module (105) is used for carrying out digital sampling on the radar intermediate frequency signal, and carrying out analog-to-digital conversion and storage;
the calculation module (106) is configured to measure a frequency, a pulse width, and a repetition frequency parameter of a radar intermediate frequency signal, calculate a wavelength of the radar radio frequency signal according to the radar intermediate frequency signal, and calculate a doppler frequency value according to the signal wavelength and the target movement speed; calculating the bandwidth of the generated linear frequency modulation signal according to the linear frequency modulation slope;
the signal generation module (107) generates digital up-conversion according to SAR baseband echo data, generates an SAR echo intermediate frequency signal, and generates an intermediate frequency linear frequency modulation signal and an intermediate frequency dot frequency signal through digital-to-analog conversion.
3. A phased array radar target echo signal simulation system according to claim 3, characterised in that the if signal processing unit (104) detects whether a phased array radar transmitted signal is received or a signal is actively generated;
if a radar-transmitted signal is received,
when the coherent guidance mode is set, target delay and Doppler information are superposed to generate a coherent guidance target echo signal;
when the height echo simulation mode is set, a target height value is set, and a height echo signal is generated;
when the signal measurement mode is set, measuring to obtain signal frequency, pulse width and repetition frequency parameter values;
if the signal is generated actively, it is,
when the SAR echo signal generating mode is set, loading a baseband SAR echo number, setting SAR echo parameters, receiving a synchronous trigger signal and generating a radio frequency SAR target echo signal;
when the mode is set to generate the linear frequency modulation signal, setting linear frequency modulation signal parameters, receiving a synchronous trigger signal and generating a radio frequency linear frequency modulation signal;
when the mode is set to generate the dot frequency signal, the parameters of the dot frequency signal are set, and the dot frequency signal is actively generated.
4. The phased array radar target echo signal simulation system of claim 3, wherein the generating a radio frequency SAR target echo signal comprises the steps of:
step S301, baseband SAR echo data are manufactured in advance according to required image characteristics through human-computer interaction software (109);
step S302, frequency and power parameters of target echo simulation, data size of SAR echo data, scene serial number and play delay parameter values are set through human-computer interaction software (109);
step S303, when the system works, a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit (101) receives a phased array radar radio frequency signal, an intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) collects, processes and forwards a radar transmitting signal through a radio frequency storage technology and stores the radar transmitting signal in an image processor memory, and baseband SAR echo data is converted into an SAR intermediate frequency echo signal through digital up-conversion or actively generates a linear frequency modulation signal or actively generates an intermediate frequency spot frequency signal according to the type of a generated signal;
step S304, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) outputs an SAR target intermediate frequency echo signal in real time according to external synchronous signal triggering and delay value setting;
s305, selecting the parameters of a played scene through the human-computer interaction software (109), selecting the initial sequence number and the number of the played SAR images, and playing SAR echo signals of a plurality of scenes in sequence or selectively, so as to realize the test of the radar imaging function and the test of multi-scene multi-mode continuous imaging;
and S306, setting the local oscillation frequency of the frequency synthesis unit (103) by the system control unit (108), supplying the local oscillation frequency to the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit (102), performing power control on the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit (102), setting the local oscillation frequency as signal linear amplification output, and generating a radio frequency SAR target intermediate frequency echo signal.
5. The phased array radar target echo signal simulation system according to claim 3, wherein the SAR target echo signal generation function is provided with a frequency hopping function, and the implementation method comprises the following steps:
s311, loading SAR baseband echo data in a frequency hopping mode through the human-computer interaction software 109;
step S312, setting the frequency, power, data size, playing delay parameter and hopping frequency value of the target echo signal through the man-machine interaction software (109);
step S313, the frequency synthesis unit (103) generates a digital local oscillation source in the FPGA according to the jump frequency value;
step S314, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) receives a synchronous trigger signal;
step S315, the system control unit (108) determines whether the number of synchronization pulses is an odd number, i.e., 1, 3, 5.; if the number of pulses is odd, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 performs digital up-conversion processing on the SAR echo data to obtain an SAR target echo signal of the intermediate frequency under the current pulse; if the number of the pulses is not the odd number, the number of the synchronous pulses is the even number, namely 2, 4, 6, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit 104 performs digital up-conversion processing on the SAR echo data, mixes the SAR echo data with a digital local oscillation source generated by the frequency synthesis unit (103), and generates an intermediate frequency SAR target echo signal of a hopping frequency under the current pulse;
step S316, according to the synchronous trigger signal, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) alternately outputs SAR target echo signals with set intermediate frequency and frequency modulation frequency in real time according to the play delay;
and S317, the system control unit (108) controls the power of the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit (102) to generate the SAR target echo signal with hopping radio frequency.
6. The phased array radar target echo signal simulation system according to claim 3, wherein SAR target echo signals of different systems, working modes and target scenes are continuously generated, and the implementation method comprises the following steps:
step S321, SAR target echo baseband data of different systems, working modes and target scenes are generated in advance through SAR echo signal simulation software, and are combined according to a playing sequence to generate a data file;
step S322, the system control unit (108) loads the generated multi-scene SAR baseband echo data merging file;
s323, setting the data size of SAR echo data of each scene, the sequence number of the played scene, the number of the scenes and the parameter value of playing delay through the human-computer interaction software (109);
step S324, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) generates an intermediate frequency SAR target scene echo signal;
step 325, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) receives the synchronous trigger signal, and continuously outputs the SAR echo signal of each scene according to the time sequence control of the synchronous trigger signal;
step S326, the system control unit (108) controls the power of the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit (102) to continuously generate the radio frequency SAR echo signals of each scene.
7. The phased array radar target echo signal simulation system of claim 3, wherein the generating of the coherent steered target echo signal comprises:
step S201, receiving a radio frequency signal transmitted by a phased array radar;
s202, setting central frequency, power, target delay, delay end point and speed parameter values of target echo simulation through human-computer interaction software (109);
step S203, the frequency synthesis unit (103) sets the local oscillation frequency of the frequency synthesis unit and the frequency selection channels of the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit (102) and the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit (101) according to the central frequency and the frequency measurement value;
step S204, a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit (101) receives a radio frequency signal transmitted by a radar and performs down-conversion processing to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, wherein one path of the intermediate frequency signal enters a detection module in the radio frequency down-conversion unit (101), the other path of the intermediate frequency signal enters a frequency measurement module in the radio frequency down-conversion unit (101), and the other path of the intermediate frequency signal enters an intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104); the detection module determines the pulse starting time and the pulse ending time of a received signal; the frequency measurement module measures a frequency value after down-conversion, and sets a tracking local oscillator and a filter bank frequency band to enable radar intermediate-frequency signals to fall into the bandwidth of the intermediate-frequency signal processing unit; by using the detection trigger signal, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) collects a radar intermediate frequency signal;
step S205, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) calculates a signal Doppler frequency value according to a target speed value, superposes and sets a fixed delay value, a variable delay value, a Doppler frequency value, a speed Doppler value and multi-target signal information of a target, and then outputs coherent intermediate frequency target echo signals modulated by the target information;
and S206, the modulated intermediate frequency target echo signal enters a radio frequency signal up-conversion unit (102), and the radio frequency coherent guided target echo signal is output through amplification, filtering and amplitude stabilization.
8. The phased array radar target echo signal simulation system of claim 3, wherein the generating of the radio frequency chirp signal specifically comprises the steps of:
s401, setting frequency and power parameters of target echo simulation, and bandwidth, pulse width and delay parameters of a linear frequency modulation signal through human-computer interaction software (109);
step S402, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) calculates the frequency modulation slope of the linear frequency modulation signal according to the bandwidth and the pulse width, and calculates to obtain an intermediate frequency linear frequency modulation signal of a pulse;
step S403, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) receives the phased array radar synchronous trigger signal, outputs a linear frequency modulation signal in real time according to the play delay, and the repetition frequency of the linear frequency modulation signal is controlled by the external synchronous trigger signal;
and S403, the intermediate frequency chirp signal enters the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit (102), and according to the set power value, the system control unit (108) performs power control on the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit (102) to generate a radio frequency chirp signal.
9. The phased array radar target echo signal simulation system of claim 3, wherein the generating of the dot frequency signal specifically comprises the steps of:
s501, setting a functional mode for actively generating a dot frequency signal by human-computer interaction software (109), and setting the frequency and power parameters of echo simulation, modulation switch options of the dot frequency signal, pulse width and periodicity of the dot frequency signal;
step S502, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) actively generates a dot frequency continuous wave signal of an intermediate frequency;
step S503, outputting a radio frequency dot frequency continuous wave signal according to a set frequency value when the modulation of the dot frequency signal is closed;
and step S504, when the modulation of the dot frequency signal is turned on, the modulator is controlled according to the pulse width and the period, and the radio frequency dot frequency signal modulated by the pulse is output.
10. The phased array radar target echo signal simulation system of claim 3, wherein the generating of the altitude echo signal specifically comprises the steps of:
s601, a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit (101) receives a radio frequency signal transmitted by a phased array radar;
step S602, setting frequency, power and target height value parameters of target echo simulation by the human-computer interaction software (109);
step S603, the frequency synthesis unit (103) sets a local oscillation frequency value of the frequency synthesis unit and frequency selection channels of the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit and the radio frequency signal down-conversion unit according to the frequency;
step S604, an intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) collects and stores intermediate frequency signals transmitted by a radar;
step S605, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) calculates a signal delay value according to the target height value, and generates an intermediate frequency echo signal of the superposition target delay;
step S606, the system control unit (108) controls the power of the radio frequency signal up-conversion unit (102) to generate a radio frequency echo signal.
11. The phased array radar target echo signal simulation method of claim 10, wherein the step S605 is implemented by:
if the point target height echo signal is simulated, setting a delay value corresponding to the target height by using a coherent guidance function, receiving a radar transmitting signal, and generating a point target height echo signal by using coherent guidance; and if the scene height echo signal is simulated, loading the baseband scene height echo signal by using an SAR echo generation function, setting a height delay value, receiving a synchronous trigger signal and generating the scene height echo signal.
12. The phased array radar target echo signal simulation system of claim 3, wherein the performing signal measurements specifically comprises the steps of:
step S701, a radio frequency signal down-conversion unit (101) receives a radio frequency signal transmitted by a phased array radar;
step S702, setting the central frequency of target echo simulation by the human-computer interaction software (109), and setting the local oscillation frequency value of the frequency synthesis unit according to the central frequency;
s703, detecting the radar radio-frequency signal by a system control unit (108), and measuring the pulse width and the pulse repetition frequency value of the signal according to the detection pulse;
step S704, an intermediate frequency signal processing unit (104) collects intermediate frequency signals transmitted by a radar, measures intermediate frequency values, and calculates to obtain radio frequency signal frequency values according to local oscillation values of a frequency synthesis unit (103);
step S705, automatically updating the measured values of the frequency, the pulse width and the pulse repetition frequency of the radio frequency signal on the man-machine software (109).
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