CN112781764B - Low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator power generation efficiency testing device and testing method - Google Patents
Low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator power generation efficiency testing device and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112781764B CN112781764B CN202011630105.7A CN202011630105A CN112781764B CN 112781764 B CN112781764 B CN 112781764B CN 202011630105 A CN202011630105 A CN 202011630105A CN 112781764 B CN112781764 B CN 112781764B
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
- G01L3/26—Devices for measuring efficiency, i.e. the ratio of power output to power input
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator power generation efficiency testing device which comprises a semiconductor thermoelectric generator, a liquid working medium container, a first heater, a second heater, a working medium pipeline, a valve, a flowmeter, a first temperature pressure sensor, a second temperature pressure sensor and a power meter, wherein the first heater is arranged in the liquid working medium container; the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator is provided with the liquid working medium container, and the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator is provided with the first heater. The invention also discloses a method for testing the power generation efficiency of the low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator by using the testing device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thermoelectric power generation, in particular to a device and a method for testing the power generation efficiency of a low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator.
Background
With the rapid development of the world economy, the problem of the sudden increase of the global energy consumption is more severe, and various industries seek ways and methods for saving energy and improving the energy utilization efficiency. The high-grade cold energy contained in the low-temperature liquefied working media such as liquefied natural gas, liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen and the like which are in great demand in industry is considerable, and if the high-grade cold energy can be effectively utilized, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
The thermoelectric generation technology is a green energy-saving technology which is widely researched and rapidly developed in recent years, has a simple structure, no moving parts, no noise and low operation cost, and is considered to be a very effective way for recovering industrial complementary energy. The thermoelectric power generation technology utilizing the low-temperature cold energy of the liquefied working medium is started, and a new thought method is provided for recycling the low-temperature cold energy.
The thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the current low-temperature cold energy thermoelectric generation technology is still very low, and further experiments and discussion are needed in measurement and calculation of the thermoelectric conversion efficiency due to the limitation of low-temperature complex working conditions. CN211554178U discloses an experimental apparatus for testing semiconductor thermoelectric generation efficiency, which comprises a cold liquid storage tank, a heat liquid storage tank, a refrigeration component, a heating component and a thermoelectric generator, and has two sets of liquid loops corresponding to the cold liquid storage tank and the heat liquid storage tank.
Therefore, a low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator power generation efficiency testing device which is simple in structure, can effectively test the thermoelectric power generation efficiency and can ensure the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of a system is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a device and a method for testing the power generation efficiency of a low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator power generation efficiency testing device comprises a semiconductor thermoelectric generator, a liquid working medium container, a first heater, a second heater, a working medium pipeline, a valve, a flowmeter, a first temperature pressure sensor and a second temperature pressure sensor;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the working medium pipeline is fixedly arranged at an outlet at the upper part of the liquid working medium container, a second heater, a flowmeter and a second temperature and pressure sensor are sequentially arranged on the working medium pipeline along the flowing direction of a working medium, and the outlet of the working medium pipeline is communicated with the atmosphere;
the liquid working medium container is arranged at the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator and is used for providing a cold source for the thermoelectric generator;
a heat conducting block is arranged between the liquid working medium container and the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator and is used for guiding heat transfer;
the first heater is arranged at the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator and used for providing a heat source for the thermoelectric generator;
the valve is fixedly connected between the working medium pipeline and the upper outlet of the liquid working medium container and is used for controlling the circulation of the working medium;
the second heater is used for heating the gas-liquid mixed working medium in the working medium pipeline to ensure that the saturated liquid working medium in the pipeline is completely converted into the superheated gaseous working medium;
the flowmeter is used for measuring the flow of the superheated gaseous working medium;
the second temperature and pressure sensor is used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the working medium in the pipeline;
the first temperature and pressure sensor is used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium container, a measuring point extends outwards, and the measuring point is arranged below the liquid level in the liquid working medium container;
the semiconductor thermoelectric generator is externally connected with a power meter and used for measuring the power generation power of the thermoelectric generator.
Furthermore, the liquid working medium container, the heat conducting block, the semiconductor thermoelectric generator and the first heater are sequentially pressed into a whole.
Furthermore, the outer sides of the liquid working medium container and the working medium pipeline are wrapped with heat insulating materials for preventing the heat of the container and the working medium pipeline from dissipating.
Furthermore, heat-conducting silicone grease is coated on the heat-conducting contact surfaces of the liquid working medium container, the heat-conducting block, the semiconductor thermoelectric generator and the first heater, so that the contact thermal resistance in the heat-conducting process is reduced.
Furthermore, the heat conducting block is provided with a plurality of fins which are uniformly distributed and extend towards the inside of the liquid working medium container, and the fins are used for increasing the heat transfer area and promoting the temperature uniformity and the boiling process of the liquid working medium.
Further, the heat insulation material is heat insulation cotton.
Further, the material of the heat conduction block is selected from one of the following materials: red copper, brass and stainless steel.
Further, the working medium used in the liquid working medium container is selected from one of the following: nitrogen, hydrogen and liquefied natural gas.
The liquid working medium container and the working medium pipeline are selected from the following metal materials: stainless steel, brass, and cast iron.
The semiconductor thermoelectric generator includes one semiconductor thermoelectric module or a plurality of semiconductor thermoelectric modules connected in series-parallel combination.
The invention also aims to provide a power generation efficiency testing method utilizing the power generation efficiency testing device of the low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator, wherein the power generation efficiency testing device of the low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator comprises the semiconductor thermoelectric generator, a liquid working medium container, a first heater, a second heater, a working medium pipeline, a valve, a flowmeter, a first temperature and pressure sensor, a second temperature and pressure sensor and a power meter;
the method comprises the following steps:
and 4, measuring the generated power of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator by using a power meter, wherein the sum of the generated power and the heat dissipation capacity obtained in the step 6 is the heat absorption capacity of the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator, and the ratio of the generated power to the heat absorption capacity is the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the temperature and pressure sensor and the heater are respectively arranged at the liquid working medium container and in the working medium pipeline, so that the data of the liquid working medium and the gas working medium can be directly measured, and the device has the advantages of simple structure and high cost performance;
the simple structure of the invention enables the testing device and the testing method to be carried out indoors, is little influenced by conditions such as climate and the like, and has the advantage of high safety factor;
the invention provides a novel device and a novel method for testing the power generation efficiency of a low-temperature thermoelectric chip, which enable the temperature of the cold end of a semiconductor thermoelectric generator to be closer to a liquid working medium and provide a novel thought and a novel testing method for testing the power generation efficiency of a low-temperature thermoelectric power generation system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation efficiency testing device of a low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1. liquid working medium container 2, first temperature pressure sensor
3. Semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4. first heater
5. Second heater 6. flowmeter
7. Second temperature and pressure sensor 8. fin
9. Working medium pipeline 10, heat conducting block
11. Valve 12 power meter
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions, advantages and significant progress of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings provided in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that all of the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention are used for distinguishing different objects and not for describing a particular order.
It should be noted that the semiconductor thermoelectric generator referred to herein generates electricity by means of temperature difference, and therefore the side with higher temperature is defined herein as a heat source, and the side with lower temperature is defined herein as a heat sink. The temperature of the cold source is determined by the type of working media, and for a certain working media, the temperature of the cold source is a fixed value; and the temperature of the heat source is determined by the magnitude of the heating power.
It should be further noted that the following embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.
A power generation efficiency test method utilizing a low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator power generation efficiency test device is shown in figure 1 and comprises a semiconductor thermoelectric generator 3, a liquid working medium container 1, a first heater 4, a second heater 5, a working medium pipeline 9, a valve 11, a flowmeter 6, a first temperature and pressure sensor 2, a second temperature and pressure sensor 7 and a power meter 12. The working medium used in the liquefied working medium container is nitrogen. The working medium pipeline 9 is fixedly installed at an outlet at the upper part of the liquid working medium container 1, a second heater 5, a flowmeter 6 and a second temperature and pressure sensor 7 are sequentially installed on the working medium pipeline 9 along the working medium flowing direction, and the outlet of the working medium pipeline is communicated with the atmosphere. The semiconductor thermoelectric generator 3 comprises a semiconductor thermoelectric assembly or a plurality of semiconductor thermoelectric assemblies connected in series-parallel combination, the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 3 is provided with a cold end and a hot end, the liquid working medium container 1 is arranged at the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 3, and the first heater 4 is arranged at the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 3. A heat conducting block 10 for guiding heat transfer is arranged between the liquid working medium container 1 and the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 3, the material of the heat conducting block is preferably red copper, the heat conducting block 10 is provided with a plurality of fins 8 which are uniformly distributed and extend towards the inside of the liquid working medium container 1, the heat conducting block is used for increasing the heat transfer area, strengthening the heat transfer process between the heat conducting block and the liquid working medium, and promoting the temperature uniformity and the boiling process of the liquid working medium. A valve 11 is fixedly connected between the working medium pipeline 9 and the upper outlet of the liquid working medium container 1. The first temperature and pressure sensor 2 extends outwards to form a measuring point, and the measuring point is arranged below the liquid level in the liquid working medium container. The semiconductor thermoelectric generator is externally connected with a power meter and used for measuring the power generation power of the thermoelectric generator.
The liquid working medium container 1, the heat conducting block 10, the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 3 and the first heater 4 are sequentially pressed into a whole, and are used for reducing the contact thermal resistance of the testing device and guiding the heat flow of the first heater to the liquid working medium container 1. Preferably, in order to prevent heat loss of the container and the working medium pipeline, the liquid working medium container and the working medium pipeline are made of metal materials beneficial to heat conduction, such as silver, copper and aluminum, and the outer sides of the liquid working medium container and the working medium pipeline are wrapped with heat insulation cotton. And heat-conducting silicone grease is coated on the heat-conducting contact surfaces of the liquid working medium container 1, the heat-conducting block 10, the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 3 and the first heater 4, so that the contact thermal resistance in the heat-conducting process is reduced.
The power generation efficiency testing method using the power generation efficiency testing device of the low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator comprises the following steps of:
step 4, closing a valve 11 to ensure that the liquid working medium container 1 and the working medium pipeline 9 are not communicated, adding liquid nitrogen into the liquid working medium container 1, starting the first heater 4 to heat the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 3, and enabling the working medium liquid nitrogen in the liquid working medium container 1 to be in a boiling state to form a gas-liquid mixed working medium;
and 7, measuring the generated power of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator by using a power meter 12, wherein the sum of the generated power and the heat dissipation capacity obtained in the step 6 is the heat absorption capacity of the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator, and the ratio of the generated power to the heat absorption capacity is the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made on the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some or all of the technical features of the embodiments can be replaced with equivalents, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions can not be modified or replaced by the modifications, the modifications and the substitutions in the non-essential scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The device for testing the power generation efficiency of the low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator is characterized by comprising a semiconductor thermoelectric generator (3), a liquid working medium container (1), a first heater (4), a second heater (5), a working medium pipeline (9), a valve (11), a flowmeter (6), a first temperature and pressure sensor (2) and a second temperature and pressure sensor (7);
the working medium pipeline (9) is fixedly arranged at an outlet at the upper part of the liquid working medium container (1), a second heater (5), a flowmeter (6) and a second temperature and pressure sensor (7) are sequentially arranged on the working medium pipeline (9) along the working medium flowing direction, and the outlet of the working medium pipeline (9) is communicated with the atmosphere;
the liquid working medium container (1) is arranged at the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (3) and is used for providing a cold source for the thermoelectric generator;
a heat conducting block (10) is arranged between the liquid working medium container (1) and the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (3) and is used for guiding heat transfer;
the first heater (4) is arranged at the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (3) and is used for providing a heat source for the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (3);
the valve (11) is fixedly connected between the working medium pipeline (9) and the upper outlet of the liquid working medium container (1) and is used for controlling the circulation of the working medium;
the second heater (5) is used for heating the gas-liquid mixed working medium in the working medium pipeline to ensure that the saturated liquid working medium in the pipeline is completely converted into the superheated gaseous working medium;
the flowmeter (6) is used for measuring the flow of the superheated gaseous working medium;
the second temperature and pressure sensor (7) is used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the working medium in the pipeline;
the first temperature and pressure sensor (2) is used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium container (1), a measuring point extends outwards, and the measuring point is arranged below the liquid level in the liquid working medium container (1);
the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (3) is externally connected with a power meter (12) and used for measuring the power generation power of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (3).
2. The power generation efficiency testing device of the low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid working medium container (1) and the working medium pipeline (9) are wrapped with heat insulating materials for preventing heat loss of the container (1) and the working medium pipeline (9).
3. The power generation efficiency testing device of the low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein heat-conducting silicone grease is coated on the heat-conducting contact surfaces of the liquid working medium container (1), the heat-conducting block (10), the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (3) and the first heater (4) so as to reduce the contact thermal resistance in the heat-conducting process.
4. The power generation efficiency testing device of the low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat conducting block (10) has a plurality of fins (8) uniformly distributed and extending towards the inside of the liquid working medium container (1) for increasing the heat transfer area and promoting the temperature uniformity and boiling process of the liquid working medium.
5. The device for testing the power generation efficiency of the low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator as claimed in claim 2, wherein the heat insulating material is heat insulating cotton.
6. The device for testing the power generation efficiency of the low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein the material of the heat conducting block (10) is selected from one of the following materials: red copper, brass and stainless steel.
7. The power generation efficiency test device of the low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (3) comprises a semiconductor thermoelectric module or a plurality of semiconductor thermoelectric modules connected in series-parallel combination.
8. A power generation efficiency test method using the power generation efficiency test device of the low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator according to claim 1, comprising a power generation efficiency test device of the low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric generator, wherein the test device comprises the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (3), a liquid working medium container (1), a first heater (4), a second heater (5), a working medium pipeline (9), a valve (11), a flowmeter (6), a first temperature and pressure sensor (2), a second temperature and pressure sensor (7) and a power meter (12);
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, closing a valve (11), enabling a liquid working medium container (1) and a working medium pipeline (9) not to be communicated, adding a liquid working medium into the liquid working medium container (1), starting a first heater (4) to heat a semiconductor thermoelectric generator (3), and enabling the working medium in the liquid working medium container (1) to be in a boiling state to form a gas-liquid mixed working medium;
step 2, opening a valve (11), enabling a gas-liquid mixed working medium in the liquid working medium container (1) to flow into the working medium pipeline (9), starting the second heater (5) to heat, slowly increasing the power of the second heater (5) until the liquid working medium in the working medium pipeline (9) is completely vaporized, enabling the working medium to be in an overheat state, and recording data of a flow meter (6) and the first and second temperature and pressure sensors when a system formed by the liquid working medium container, the first heater and the second heater reaches thermal balance;
step 3, inquiring and obtaining the enthalpy value of the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium container and the pipeline outlet working medium according to the obtained data of the first temperature pressure sensor (2) and the second temperature pressure sensor (7), wherein the enthalpy value of the liquid working medium and the pipeline outlet working medium is the enthalpy difference between the liquid working medium and the pipeline outlet working medium, the flow measured by the flowmeter (6) is multiplied by the enthalpy difference to obtain the total heat absorbed by the working medium from the boiling of the liquefaction container to the outlet of the pipeline, and the heat heated by the second heater is subtracted to obtain the heat dissipation capacity of the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator;
and 4, measuring the generated power of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator by using a power meter, wherein the sum of the generated power and the heat dissipation capacity obtained in the step 3 is the heat absorption capacity of the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator, and the ratio of the generated power to the heat absorption capacity is the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator.
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| JP4023472B2 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2007-12-19 | 株式会社デンソー | Thermoelectric generator |
| JP2008515214A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2008-05-08 | エルソム・エンタープライズィズ・リミテッド | Heat and work conversion method and thermoelectric converter in reversible thermoelectric cycle |
| CN1821799A (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2006-08-23 | 清华大学 | Detecting system of therme generator thermoelectric property |
| CN102287344B (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2012-12-05 | 杨善让 | Novel geothermal and optothermal cogeneration system |
| ES2444340B1 (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-12-17 | Abengoa Solar New Technologies S.A. | Method of operation of a thermoelectric solar plant |
| CN104153833A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2014-11-19 | 王作国 | Cheap double-working-medium phase change enthalpy difference flow heat power machine |
| CN105508160B (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2018-08-28 | 林荣炎 | Method for generating electricity by utilizing temperature difference and thermo-electric generation equipment |
| CN105221363B (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2017-12-19 | 东北电力大学 | Middle low temperature underground heat and biological fuel gas combined generating system and cost of electricity-generating computational methods |
| CN106093654A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-11-09 | 浙江大学 | The test device of thermoelectricity module conversion efficiency of thermoelectric and method of testing thereof |
| CN206397617U (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-08-11 | 郑州航空工业管理学院 | Oil-gas-liquid multi-source is combined the energy-saving diesel engine of thermo-electric generation |
| CN208207164U (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-12-07 | 河南工程学院 | Thermoelectric generator low-temperature characteristics experimental provision |
| CN108828364A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-16 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of temperature-difference power generation module performance test test device and implementation method |
| CN110645735A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-01-03 | 刘小江 | Heat exchanger component, water heater, air conditioner and thermoelectric generation device |
| CN110739386A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-31 | 刘小江 | casing type semiconductor assembly, air conditioner and thermoelectric power generation device |
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