CN112778863A - 一种环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明的一种环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料及其制备方法。涂料按重量份计，包括：水性丙烯酸乳液35‑40份，改性氟碳乳液8‑10份，混合溶剂6‑8份，反光粉26.7‑47.2份，杀菌剂0.1‑0.2份，消泡剂0.1‑0.2份，分散剂0.3‑0.4份，增稠分散剂0.1‑0.2份，成膜剂1‑2份，稀土发光填料5‑15份。各原料按顺序采用特定的搅拌速度进行混合，制得环保蓄能发光道路标线涂料适用范围广，几乎涵盖了所有交通安全设施。且具有蓄能自发光功能，其不仅可作为应急指引应用于地铁通道、地下停车场、消防应急通道等消防安全领域，且集装饰、节能和环保于一体，可以应用在建筑装饰领域。
Description
技术领域：
本发明属于道路标线和安全标识技术领域，具体涉及一种环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料及其制备方法。
背景技术：
环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料从原材料来源到生产及应用的全寿命周期内，均有利于环境和交通的可持续发展以及社会公共安全。一方面，它不仅在生产及应用过程中将易蒸发的有机溶剂替代，并且使用时的涂装工具可用水清洁，削减了清洁溶剂的耗费，改善了周边环境。有机溶剂的生产需要耗费化石质料，在资本紧缺的现阶段是对资本的一大硬战，环保型涂料的出现，解决了这一问题。另一方面，环保涂料仅采用少数低毒性醇、醚类有机溶剂，有机溶剂蒸发量削减，极大改进了作业场所的环境，有利于工作人员的身体健康。另外，具有蓄能发光功能的交通标线将是今后交通乃至社会公共安全发展趋势。在一些人群密集的场所及居住区，一旦发生突发事故或不可抗力引发电源中断情况下，如何在最短的时间内使人群和车辆能够安全疏散成为一个严峻的问题。在疏散指示标志或消防器材上涂覆一层发光涂料，不仅可以有效地帮助人们在黑暗中及时识别疏散位置和方向，迅速逃离现场，而且可以引导消防队员迅速找到相应的营救设施，大大缩短营救时间，减少或避免了伤亡事故的发生。此外，环保蓄能发光涂料可发展为新型功能性涂料，可广泛地应用于建筑涂料的各方面。以超长余辉发光粉为发光材料作为添加剂制成的水性蓄能发光涂料，用它装饰墙体及各种建筑物可以取代装饰灯，节省大量能源，满足国家节能政策，且此类产品无毒、无放射性，可以根据周围环境及装饰需要，通过调整发光材料的掺量或施工时调整涂料的厚度而调整发光亮度，是一种集装饰、节能和环保于一体的功能性涂料。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是克服上述现有技术存在的目前国内广泛应用的交通标线涂料(主要为热熔型和溶剂型)存在环保性、耐久性和附加安全功能差等实际问题，以及难以适应绿色交通发展的不足，提供一种以“混拼氟碳乳液+纳米填料改性技术”为核心的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料及其制备方法，使其在夜间无光照情况下具有明显的可辨识度。该涂料制备工艺简单，成本低廉。实现稀土类发光材料表面活化、耐水性处理以及均匀分散于环保型交通标线涂料，构建环保功能型交通标线涂料设计、施工和维护技术体系。这不仅是交通标线涂料技术与应用过程中相关基础性问题的研究与发展，而且对对交通与能源环境的可持续发展具有现实意义。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料，包括组分及质量份数为：
其中：
所述的混合溶剂为蒸馏水、甲醇/乙醇和氨水的混合物，三者按质量比，蒸馏水：甲醇/乙醇：氨水＝(0～4):(1～6):(0.5～1.5)；
所述的稀土发光填料为三种型号的稀土类发光材料的混合物，按质量比：KB-12A：YB-11B＝(1～5):(0～3):(0～2)，优选为5:3:2；各自的目数分别为50目、80目和200目。
所述的水性丙烯酸乳液由丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯和苯乙烯共聚生成。
所述改性氟碳乳液采用纳米TiO2改性氟碳乳液制备而成。
所述反光粉的组分包括TiO2、BaO和SiO2；其折射率为1.93±0.005～2.2±0.01；其色泽有白色或淡黄色以及银灰色；形状为球形颗粒；粒度范围5～120μm；成圆率≥95％；失透率≤3％；密度4.2～4.5g/cm3。
所述混合溶剂为甲醇/乙醇和氨水的混合物，二者按质量比，甲醇/乙醇：氨水＝(1～6):(0.5～1.5)。
所述的杀菌剂为氯酚类、异噻唑啉酮或季铵盐类等非氧化类杀菌剂。
所述的消泡剂为聚二甲基硅氧烷等有机硅类消泡剂。
所述的分散剂为脂肪酸类、脂肪族酰胺类和酯类分散剂。
所述的增稠分散剂为纤维素醚类增稠剂，具体为甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠或羟乙基纤维素。
所述的成膜剂为醇酯十二。
所述的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
①按比例备料，将水性丙烯酸树脂加入分散机中，开动搅拌，搅拌转速为450-550r/min；
②在搅拌过程中，依次将混合溶剂、分散剂、润湿剂、消泡剂和杀菌剂加入，获得混合物料；
③向混合物料中依次加入改性氟碳乳液、稀土发光填料，不要一次性投入太多，防止结块；
④调高转速至1000～1500r/min，高速搅拌20min；
⑤将步骤④所得产品降低转速至750-850r/min，依次缓慢加入增稠分散剂和成膜剂；
⑥搅拌速度提高至1000r/s，搅拌20min，制得环保型蓄能自发光道路标线涂料。
所述的步骤⑥中，制备的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料经检测，性能如下：黏度为70-80Pa.s，密度为1.4-1.8g/cm3，不粘胎干燥时间为10-15min，遮盖率95％，色度为0.75，耐磨0.3-1.5mg，耐水性：在水中浸24h无异常现象；耐碱性：在氢氧化钙饱和溶液中浸24h无异常现象；冻融稳定性：在-5℃±2℃条件下放置18h后，立即置于23℃±2℃条件下放置6h为1个周期，共经历3个周期，无结块、结皮现象；固体含量40-70％，早期耐水性：在温度为23℃±2℃、湿度为90％±3％的条件下，实干时间＜2h；余辉亮度3327-4718mcd/m2，在-15～-17℃下能够完成施工，固化时间为12-17min，VOC为83-89g/L。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明通过对改性氟碳乳液与稀土填料的掺量进行目标优化，确定各因素影响下改性氟碳乳液与稀土填料的最佳掺量。为解决高速公路、城镇公路、乡镇公路、山区路以及人防工程在战争条件或自然灾害情况下的照明设施断电条件下提供安全指引。
本发明可以高效快速的制备出环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料，简化了生产工艺，降低了生产能耗，同时产品具有安全、不燃、无毒，对生产和施工人员无害，设备投资小，使用寿命长，性价比高，低碳节能等优势。
附图说明：
图1为本发明实施例1制备的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料样品示意图；
图2为本发明实施例1-4制备的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料在12小时后的余辉效果图。
具体实施方式：
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
以下实施例中，关于黏度、密度、不粘胎干燥时间、遮盖率、色度、耐磨、耐水性、耐碱性、冻融稳定性、固体含量、早期耐水性、余辉亮度相应的检测标准为DIN 67510-1:2009。
以下实施例中，稀土发光填料为三种型号的稀土类发光材料混合均匀制得，按质量比YS-9DZ：KB-12A：YB-11B＝5:3:2，采用的混合溶剂为无水乙醇(分析纯)：氨水(分析纯)，质量比为5.5:0.5；杀菌剂为-YD537，消泡剂为YD701，增稠分散剂为YD698，成膜剂为醇酯十二，均来自市购。
以下实施例1制备的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料样品示意图如图1所示，其中，每组配方均同步进行五组获得样品后，取均值进行后续性能数据统计；12小时后的余辉效果图如图2所示，由左向右依次为实施例1-4。
实施例1
按如下重量份数取各原料：
将上述原料投入搅拌机中常温拌合，得到混合均匀的荧光绿色蓄能自发光道路标线涂料，蓄能发光材料分散性较好，自发光强度高，时间长达12小时。制备的道路标线涂料在-17℃下完成施工，施工标准依据GBT 16311-2009，固化时间为17min。
实施例1制备的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料性能检测结果如表1所示：
表1
实施例2
按如下重量份数取各原料：
将上述原料投入搅拌机中常温拌合，得到混合均匀的荧光绿色蓄能自发光道路标线涂料，蓄能发光材料分散性较好，自发光强度高，时间长达12小时。
制备的道路标线涂料在-15℃下完成施工，施工标准依据GBT 16311-2009，固化时间为17min。
实施例2制备的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料性能检测结果如表2所示：
表2
实施例3
按如下重量份数取各原料：
将上述原料投入搅拌机中常温拌合，得到混合均匀的荧光绿色蓄能自发光道路标线涂料，蓄能发光材料分散性较好，自发光强度高，时间长达12小时。
制备的道路标线涂料在-15℃下完成施工，施工标准依据GBT 16311-2009，固化时间为15min。
实施例3制备的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料性能检测结果如表3所示：
表3
实施例4
按如下重量份数取各原料：
将上述原料投入搅拌机中常温拌合，得到混合均匀的荧光绿色蓄能自发光道路标线涂料，蓄能发光材料分散性较好，自发光强度高，时间长达12小时。
制备的道路标线涂料在-15℃下完成施工，施工标准依据GBT 16311-2009，固化时间为12min。
实施例4制备的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料性能检测结果如表4所示：
表4
对比例
同实施例4，区别在于，混合溶剂为蒸馏水：乙醇：氨水＝4:5.5:0.5；施工温度为25℃，低于25℃无法施工。
对比例4制备的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料性能检测结果如表5所示：
由表5可见，对比例中的黏度指标降低了6.67％；不粘胎干燥时间增加了5min；耐磨性下降了80％；固含量下降了4.29％；余辉亮度下降了0.64％。
表5
Claims (7)
1.一种环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料，其特征在于，包括组分及质量份数为：
其中：
所述的混合溶剂为蒸馏水、甲醇/乙醇和氨水的混合物，三者按质量比，蒸馏水：甲醇/乙醇：氨水＝(0～4):(1～6):(0.5～1.5)；
所述的稀土发光填料为三种型号的稀土类发光材料的混合物，按质量比：YS-9DZ：KB-12A：YB-11B＝(1～5):(0～3):(0～2)，YS-9DZ目数为50目，KB-12A目数为80目，YB-11B目数为200目。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料，其特征在于，所述反光粉的组分包括TiO2、BaO和SiO2；其折射率为1.93±0.005～2.2±0.01；粒度范围5～120μm；成圆率≥95％；失透率≤3％；密度4.2～4.5g/cm3。
3.根据权利要求1所述的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料，其特征在于，所述混合溶剂为甲醇/乙醇和氨水的混合物，二者按质量比，甲醇/乙醇：氨水＝(1～6):(0.5～1.5)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料，其特征在于：
所述的杀菌剂为氯酚类、异噻唑啉酮或季铵盐类；
所述的消泡剂为聚二甲基硅氧烷等有机硅类消泡剂；
所述的分散剂为脂肪酸类、脂肪族酰胺类和酯类分散剂；
所述的增稠分散剂为纤维素醚类增稠剂，具体为甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠或羟乙基纤维素；
所述的成膜剂为醇酯十二。
5.根据权利要求1所述的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料，其特征在于，所述的稀土发光按质量比YS-9DZ：KB-12A：YB-11B＝5:3:2。
6.权利要求1所述的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
①按比例备料，将水性丙烯酸树脂加入分散机中，开动搅拌，搅拌转速为450-550r/min；
②在搅拌过程中，依次将混合溶剂、分散剂、润湿剂、消泡剂和杀菌剂加入，获得混合物料；
③向混合物料中依次加入改性氟碳乳液、稀土发光填料，不要一次性投入太多，防止结块；
④调高转速至1000～1500r/min，高速搅拌20min；
⑤将步骤④所得产品降低转速至750-850r/min，依次缓慢加入增稠分散剂和成膜剂；
⑥搅拌速度提高至1000r/s，搅拌20min，制得环保型蓄能自发光道路标线涂料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤⑥中，制备的环保蓄能自发光道路标线涂料经检测，性能如下：黏度为70-80Pa.s，密度为1.4-1.8g/cm3，不粘胎干燥时间为10-15min，遮盖率95％，色度为0.75，耐磨0.3-1.5mg，耐水性：在水中浸24h无异常现象；耐碱性：在氢氧化钙饱和溶液中浸24h无异常现象；冻融稳定性：在-5℃±2℃条件下放置18h后，立即置于23℃±2℃条件下放置6h为1个周期，共经历3个周期，无结块、结皮现象；固体含量40-70％，早期耐水性：在温度为23℃±2℃、湿度为90％±3％的条件下，实干时间＜2h；余辉亮度3327-4718mcd/m2，在-15～-17℃下能够完成施工，固化时间为12-17min，VOC为83-89g/L。
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