CN112775857B - Preparation method of crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool - Google Patents
Preparation method of crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN112775857B CN112775857B CN202011621244.3A CN202011621244A CN112775857B CN 112775857 B CN112775857 B CN 112775857B CN 202011621244 A CN202011621244 A CN 202011621244A CN 112775857 B CN112775857 B CN 112775857B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a crystallized ceramic bond grinding toolThe preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a certain proportion of SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 、B 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 、TiO 2 、CaCO 3 、P 2 O 5 、Na 2 0、Li 2 Mixing O, smelting, cooling, crushing and ball milling uniformly, adding the obtained mixed powder and a surfactant into a solvent for uniform dispersion, then adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring for reaction, spray drying, and then carrying out microwave treatment to obtain a crystallized ceramic bonding agent; mixing an abrasive, a surfactant and water, and then carrying out high-energy ball milling to obtain a pretreated abrasive; uniformly mixing the pretreated abrasive, the crystallized ceramic bonding agent, the pore-forming agent and the temporary bonding agent, pressing into a blank, and then carrying out heat preservation and sintering to obtain the ceramic material. The invention can effectively improve the wettability and the bonding force between the grinding material and the ceramic binder, obviously improve the strength of the grinding tool, improve the service performance of the grinding tool and prolong the service life of the grinding tool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to a preparation method of a crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool.
Background
The grinding tool which is made by using the superhard materials such as diamond, cubic boron nitride and the like as the grinding materials and bonding under the bonding action of the bonding agent has the advantages of good stability, long service life and the like, the grinding efficiency is very high, the surface of a ground workpiece is not easy to generate defects, the quality is good, the development requirement of processing automation can be met, and the grinding tool is widely applied to mechanical processing. The binding agent mainly comprises a metal binding agent, a resin binding agent, a ceramic binding agent and the like. The ceramic bonding agent has the action principle that crystal phase nucleation and crystallization occur in the sintering process, has good holding performance on abrasive particles, long service life and relatively strong rigidity and heat resistance, and is suitable for the field of high-precision processing. The strength is a key technical index of the grinding tool, and the performance of the ceramic bond and the preparation process of the ceramic bond grinding tool have a crucial effect on the strength of the grinding tool. Therefore, how to improve the performance of the vitrified bond and improve the preparation process of the vitrified bond grinding tool so as to improve the strength of the grinding tool becomes the current research focus.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a preparation method of a crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool.
The invention provides a preparation method of a crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 40-50% of SiO by mass percentage 2 、5-10％Al 2 O 3 、15-20％B 2 O 3 、2-5％ZrO 2 、3-5％TiO 2 、3-8％CaCO 3 、2-5％P 2 O 5 、3-10％Na 2 0、2-7％Li 2 O, mixing, smelting, cooling, crushing and ball-milling uniformly to obtain mixed powder;
s2, adding the mixed powder and a surfactant into a solvent for uniform dispersion, then adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring for reaction for 2-4 hours, spray drying, and then carrying out microwave treatment to obtain a crystallized ceramic bonding agent;
s3, mixing the abrasive, the surfactant and water according to a proportion of 1g: (0.1-0.15) g: (2-3) adding the mixture into a planetary high-energy ball mill, performing high-energy ball milling for 15-20h at the rotating speed of 300-400r/min by taking steel balls as ball milling media, and drying to obtain a pretreated abrasive;
and S4, uniformly mixing the pretreated abrasive, the crystallized ceramic bond, the pore-forming agent and the temporary binder, pressing into a blank, and then carrying out heat preservation and sintering to obtain the ceramic material.
Preferably, in the step S1, the melting temperature is 1300-1350 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S1, the particle size of the mixed powder is 150 to 200 meshes.
Preferably, in step S2, the ratio of the mixed powder, tetraethoxysilane, surfactant and solvent is (5-7) g: (1-2) mL: (0.5-1) g: (40-50) mL.
Preferably, in the step S2, the solvent is prepared from anhydrous ethanol, 20-25% by mass of an ammonia water solution, and water in a volume ratio of (20-30): (10-15): (3-5) mixing to obtain the product.
Preferably, in the step S2, the power of the microwave treatment is 500-1000W, and the time is 10-15min.
Preferably, in step S3, the mass ratio of the abrasive to the steel ball is 1: (10-15).
Preferably, in steps S2 and S3, the surfactant is CTAB; in the step S3, the grinding material is diamond or hexagonal boron nitride.
Preferably, in the step S3, the particle size of the abrasive is 150 to 200 meshes.
Preferably, in the step S4, the mass ratio of the pretreated abrasive material, the crystallized ceramic bonding agent, the pore-forming agent and the temporary bonding agent is 100: (40-50): (10-15): (5-10), wherein the pore-forming agent is NH 4 HCO 3 And the temporary binder is dextrin.
Preferably, in the step S4, the sintering temperature is 750-800 ℃, and the sintering time is 2-3h.
A crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool is prepared by the preparation method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the grinding material is pretreated by CTAB assisted high-energy ball milling, CTAB with surface activity is combined on the surface of the grinding material while the fineness of the grinding material is improved, and CTAB modified nano SiO is loaded on the surface of a ceramic bonding agent by sol-gel and spray drying 2 On one hand, CTAB is combined on the surface of the ceramic bond, so that the surface activity of the ceramic bond and the wettability between the ceramic bond and the abrasive are improved, the bond can be uniformly spread on the surface of the abrasive, the holding force of the bond on the abrasive and the filling property of the bond on gaps are improved, and the strength of the grinding tool is effectively improved; on the other hand, the nano-SiO is utilized 2 The high activity of the ceramic bond can be improved by combining with the microwave activation treatment, the interaction between the abrasive and the ceramic bond is enhanced, so that the binding force is improved, the strength of the grinding tool is further improved, the service performance of the grinding tool is improved, and the service life of the grinding tool is prolonged.
Detailed Description
The technical means of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A method for preparing a crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 40% of SiO by mass percentage 2 、10％Al 2 O 3 、20％B 2 O 3 、2％ZrO 2 、3％TiO 2 、5％CaCO 3 、5％P 2 O 5 、10％Na 2 0、5％Li 2 O, mixing, smelting at 1300 ℃, cooling, crushing, and ball-milling to 150-200 meshes to obtain mixed powder;
s2, adding the mixed powder and CTAB into a solvent for uniform dispersion, then adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring for reaction for 2-4h, spray drying, and then carrying out microwave treatment for 15min under the condition that the power is 500W to obtain a crystallized ceramic bonding agent, wherein the proportion of the mixed powder, tetraethoxysilane, CTAB and solvent is 5g:1mL of: 0.5g:40mL, wherein the solvent is prepared from absolute ethyl alcohol, 25% ammonia water solution by mass fraction and water according to the volume ratio of 20:10:3 mixing to obtain;
s3, mixing diamond with the granularity of 150-200 meshes, CTAB and water according to the proportion of 1g:0.1g: adding 2mL of the mixture into a planetary high-energy ball mill, performing high-energy ball milling for 20 hours at the rotating speed of 300r/min by using steel balls as ball milling media, and drying to obtain a pretreated grinding material, wherein the mass ratio of the grinding material to the steel balls is 1:10;
s4, pre-treated abrasive, crystallized ceramic bond and NH 4 HCO 3 And dextrin according to the mass ratio of 100:40:10:5, uniformly mixing, pressing into a green body, and then performing heat preservation and sintering at 750 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the ceramic material.
Example 2
A method for preparing a crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 50% of SiO by mass percentage 2 、5％Al 2 O 3 、15％B 2 O 3 、5％ZrO 2 、5％TiO 2 、8％CaCO 3 、2％P 2 O 5 、3％Na 2 0、7％Li 2 O, mixing, smelting at 1350 ℃, cooling, crushing, and ball-milling to 150-200 meshes to obtain mixed powder;
s2, adding the mixed powder and CTAB into a solvent for uniform dispersion, then adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring for reaction for 2-4h, spray drying, and then carrying out microwave treatment for 10min under the condition that the power is 1000W to obtain the crystallized ceramic binder, wherein the ratio of the mixed powder, tetraethoxysilane, CTAB and solvent is 7g:2mL of: 1g:50mL, wherein the solvent is composed of absolute ethyl alcohol, 25% ammonia water solution by mass fraction and water according to a volume ratio of 30:15:5, mixing to obtain;
s3, mixing diamond with the granularity of 150-200 meshes, CTAB and water according to the proportion of 1g:0.15g: adding 3mL of the mixture into a planetary high-energy ball mill, performing high-energy ball milling for 15 hours at the rotating speed of 400r/min by taking steel balls as ball milling media, and drying to obtain a pretreated grinding material, wherein the mass ratio of the grinding material to the steel balls is 1:15;
s4, pre-treated abrasive, crystallized ceramic bond and NH 4 HCO 3 And dextrin according to the mass ratio of 100:50:15:10, evenly mixing, pressing into a green body, and then sintering for 2 hours at 800 ℃ to obtain the ceramic material.
Example 3
A preparation method of a crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 45 percent of SiO by mass percentage 2 、8％Al 2 O 3 、17％B 2 O 3 、4％ZrO 2 、4％TiO 2 、3％CaCO 3 、4％P 2 O 5 、9％Na 2 0、6％Li 2 O, mixing, smelting at 1300-1350 ℃, cooling, crushing, and ball-milling to 150-200 meshes to obtain mixed powder;
s2, adding the mixed powder and CTAB into a solvent for uniform dispersion, then adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring for reaction for 3 hours, spray-drying, and then carrying out microwave treatment for 12 minutes under the condition that the power is 800W to obtain a crystallized ceramic binder, wherein the ratio of the mixed powder to the tetraethoxysilane to the CTAB to the solvent is 6g:1.5mL:0.75g:45mL, wherein the solvent is prepared from absolute ethyl alcohol, 25% ammonia water solution by mass fraction and water according to a volume ratio of 24:12:4, mixing to obtain;
s3, mixing diamond with the granularity of 150-200 meshes, CTAB and water according to the proportion of 1g:0.125g:2.5mL of the mixture is added into a planetary high-energy ball mill, steel balls are used as a ball milling medium, high-energy ball milling is carried out for 18 hours under the condition that the rotating speed is 350r/min, and the pretreated grinding material is obtained after drying, wherein the mass ratio of the grinding material to the steel balls is 1:12;
s4, pre-treated abrasive, crystallized ceramic bond and NH 4 HCO 3 And dextrin according to the mass ratio of 100:45:12.5:7.5, evenly mixing, pressing into a green body, and then sintering for 2.5 hours at 780 ℃ in a heat preservation manner to obtain the ceramic material.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing a crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 45% of SiO 2 、8％Al 2 O 3 、17％B 2 O 3 、4％ZrO 2 、4％TiO 2 、3％CaCO 3 、4％P 2 O 5 、9％Na 2 0、6％Li 2 O, mixing, smelting at 1300-1350 ℃, cooling, crushing, and ball-milling to 150-200 meshes to obtain a crystallized ceramic bonding agent;
s2, mixing diamond with the granularity of 150-200 meshes, CTAB and water according to the proportion of 1g:0.125g:2.5mL of the mixture is added into a planetary high-energy ball mill, steel balls are used as a ball milling medium, high-energy ball milling is carried out for 18 hours under the condition that the rotating speed is 350r/min, and the pretreated grinding material is obtained after drying, wherein the mass ratio of the grinding material to the steel balls is 1:12;
s3, pretreating abrasive, crystallizing ceramic bonding agent and NH 4 HCO 3 And dextrin according to the mass ratio of 100:45:12.5:7.5, evenly mixing, pressing into a green body, and then sintering for 2.5 hours at 780 ℃ in a heat preservation manner to obtain the ceramic material.
Comparative example 2
A method for preparing a crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 45 percent of SiO by mass percentage 2 、8％Al 2 O 3 、17％B 2 O 3 、4％ZrO 2 、4％TiO 2 、3％CaCO 3 、4％P 2 O 5 、9％Na 2 0、6％Li 2 O, smelting at 1300-1350 ℃ after mixing, then cooling, crushing, ball milling to 150-200 meshes to obtain mixed powder;
s2, adding the mixed powder and CTAB into a solvent for uniform dispersion, then adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring for reaction for 3 hours, spray-drying, and then carrying out microwave treatment for 12min under the condition that the power is 800W to obtain a crystallized ceramic bonding agent, wherein the proportion of the mixed powder, tetraethoxysilane, CTAB and solvent is 6g:1.5mL:0.75g:45mL, wherein the solvent is prepared from absolute ethyl alcohol, 25% ammonia water solution by mass fraction and water according to a volume ratio of 24:12:4, mixing to obtain;
s3, mixing diamond with the grain size of 150-200 meshes, crystallized ceramic bonding agent and NH 4 HCO 3 And dextrin according to the mass ratio of 100:45:12.5:7.5, evenly mixing, pressing into a green body, and then sintering at 780 ℃ for 2.5 hours in a heat preservation manner to obtain the ceramic.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 45 percent of SiO by mass percentage 2 、8％Al 2 O 3 、17％B 2 O 3 、4％ZrO 2 、4％TiO 2 、3％CaCO 3 、4％P 2 O 5 、9％Na 2 0、6％Li 2 O, mixing, smelting at 1300-1350 ℃, cooling, crushing, and ball-milling to 150-200 meshes to obtain a crystallized ceramic binder;
s2, mixing diamond with the grain size of 150-200 meshes, crystallized ceramic bonding agent and NH 4 HCO 3 And dextrin according to the mass ratio of 100:45:12.5:7.5, evenly mixing, pressing into a green body, and then sintering at 780 ℃ for 2.5 hours in a heat preservation manner to obtain the ceramic.
Test examples
The abrasive articles obtained in example 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in table 1:
table 1 grinding tool performance test results
As can be seen from table 1, the abrasive tool prepared according to the present invention has significantly improved strength and superior performance and durability, compared to the abrasive tool prepared according to the conventional process of comparative example 1, in which only the abrasive is pretreated, comparative example 2, in which only the vitrified bond is modified, and comparative example 3.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, weighing 40-50% of SiO by mass percentage 2 、5-10%Al 2 O 3 、15-20%B 2 O 3 、2-5%ZrO 2 、3-5%TiO 2 、3-8%CaCO 3 、2-5%P 2 O 5 、3-10%Na 2 0、2-7%Li 2 O, mixing, smelting, cooling, crushing and ball-milling uniformly to obtain mixed powder;
s2, adding the mixed powder and CTAB into a solvent for uniform dispersion, then adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring for reaction for 2-4 hours, spray drying, and then carrying out microwave treatment to obtain a crystallized ceramic binder;
s3, mixing the abrasive, CTAB and water according to the proportion of 1g: (0.1-0.15) g: (2-3) mL of the mixed solution is added into a planetary high-energy ball mill, steel balls are used as a ball milling medium, high-energy ball milling is carried out for 15-20h under the condition that the rotating speed is 300-400r/min, and the pretreated grinding material is obtained after drying;
and S4, uniformly mixing the pretreated abrasive, the crystallized ceramic bond, the pore-forming agent and the temporary binder, pressing into a blank, and then carrying out heat preservation and sintering to obtain the ceramic material.
2. The method for preparing the crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the smelting temperature is 1300-1350 ℃.
3. The method for preparing the grinding tool of the crystallized ceramic binder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step S2, the ratio of the mixed powder, the tetraethoxysilane, the CTAB, and the solvent is (5-7) g: (1-2) mL: (0.5-1) g: (40-50) mL.
4. The method for preparing the crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the solvent comprises absolute ethyl alcohol, 20-25% ammonia water solution by mass fraction, and water in a volume ratio of (20-30): (10-15): (3-5) mixing to obtain the product.
5. The method for preparing a crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the microwave treatment power is 500-1000W and the time is 10-15min.
6. The method for preparing the crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the mass ratio of the grinding material to the steel ball is 1: (10-15).
7. The method for preparing a crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the grinding material is diamond or hexagonal boron nitride.
8. The method for preparing the crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the mass ratio of the pretreated abrasive, the crystallized ceramic bond, the pore-forming agent and the temporary binder is 100: (40-50): (10-15): (5-10), wherein the pore-forming agent is NH 4 HCO 3 And the temporary binder is dextrin.
9. The method for preparing a crystallized ceramic bond grinding tool according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the sintering temperature is 750-800 ℃ and the sintering time is 2-3h.
10. A crystallized ceramic bond abrasive tool, characterized by being manufactured by the manufacturing method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN113319742B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2023-08-01 | 江苏锋芒复合材料科技集团有限公司 | Preparation method of abrasive with grinding and polishing functions |
| CN114750081B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2024-04-02 | 郑州跃川超硬材料有限公司 | Ceramic bond with air holes and preparation method thereof |
| CN114986402B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-03-22 | 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 | High-performance low-temperature ceramic bond grinding wheel and preparation method thereof |
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| US6702867B2 (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2004-03-09 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives Technology Company | Vitrified bonded abrasive tools |
| JP4523383B2 (en) * | 2004-11-09 | 2010-08-11 | 株式会社ミズホ | Composite abrasive vitrified superfinishing wheel |
| CN102152248B (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-07-04 | 湖南大学 | Diamond grinding tool of ceramic-metallic bond and preparation method of grinding tool |
| CN202114645U (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2012-01-18 | 王楚雯 | Diamond wire saw |
| CN102826854B (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-10-16 | 西安交通大学 | Ceramic bond cubic boron nitride abrasive tool and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103831738A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2014-06-04 | 当涂县南方红月磨具磨料有限公司 | Cubic boron nitride grinding wheel containing surface active agent |
| CN105084877B (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2017-10-27 | 河南工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of microwave method Fast back-projection algorithm CBN grinding tool vitrified bonds |
| CN107303654A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-10-31 | 中科翔（天津）科技有限公司 | A kind of nano-grade ceramic binding agent |
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