CN112774236A - Shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor - Google Patents
Shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112774236A CN112774236A CN202011432010.4A CN202011432010A CN112774236A CN 112774236 A CN112774236 A CN 112774236A CN 202011432010 A CN202011432010 A CN 202011432010A CN 112774236 A CN112774236 A CN 112774236A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/141—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column where at least one distillation column contains at least one dividing wall
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/143—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column by two or more of a fractionation, separation or rectification step
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/42—Regulation; Control
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum and chemical rectification separation processes and equipment, and provides a shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor which adopts a shell-and-tube columnar coaxial sealing structure and comprises a pre-dividing tower outer tower tray, a main tower inner tower tray, a fixed pipe plate, a main tower gas phase distribution pipe, a pre-dividing tower gas phase distribution pipe, an outer downcomer, an inner downcomer, a pre-dividing tower liquid phase distribution pipe, a pipe pass gas-liquid phase inlet and outlet, an overflow weir, a liquid receiving disc and a liquid seal groove; the distributor is welded with the circular inner wall through an inner tower disc, an outer tower disc, a fixed tube plate and is arranged between the partition wall section of the dividing wall tower and the stripping section; the shell pass is communicated with the interior of the main tower, and the tube pass is communicated with the interior of the pre-separation tower. The shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor adjusts the gas phase of the main tower and the pre-dividing tower through the aperture ratio of the inner tower disc and the outer tower disc of the distributor and the liquid level of the gas phase distribution pipe in a coordinated mode, the gas distribution ratio is 0.05-1, the gas phase load adjustment range and the uniformity degree are enlarged, and the heat efficiency of the dividing wall tower is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor, belonging to the technical field of petroleum and chemical separation.
Background
The rectification technology is widely applied to the industries of chemical industry, medicine, fine chemical industry and the like, and has higher investment and energy consumption. The rectification accounts for more than 90% of the separation process, and the thermodynamic efficiency is only in the range of 5-20%. In order to improve the rectification efficiency and realize the sustainable utilization of energy, the deep exploration and research of the rectification technology have important significance on the chemical development of China. The conventional dividing wall tower is divided into three parts, the bottom part is a public stripping section, the upper part is a public rectifying section, and the middle part is a main tower and a pre-rectifying tower. The partition plate is used as a heat transfer wall surface between the main tower and the pre-rectifying tower of the traditional dividing wall tower, so that the utilization rate of heat inside the rectifying tower is improved, and the rectifying efficiency is improved.
The application prospect of the dividing wall tower is wide, but the design has limitation, and the design and the control of the vapor-liquid phase distribution, especially the vapor-phase distributor of the dividing wall tower are difficult. The optimized design of the gas-liquid phase distributor of the partition wall tower ensures that the gas-liquid distribution in the tower is more reasonable and effective, thereby being beneficial to saving energy consumption in the rectification process. At present, in industrial application and research design, a main tower and a prefractionating tower of a dividing wall tower are divided into two parts by a partition plate, the pressure of the whole tower is communicated, the performance of the dividing wall tower is limited by the structure, the distribution process of vapor and liquid depends on the internal structure of the dividing wall tower and the pressure of the whole tower for self-adaptive adjustment, the distribution of a gas phase is difficult, the distribution ratio range is narrow and inflexible, the adjustment period for adapting to the fluctuation of feeding is longer, the separation of a pressure-sensitive material system is not facilitated, and the energy conservation and the economical efficiency in the industrial application of the dividing wall tower are weakened.
CN108126366A discloses a device for regulating gas in a dividing wall tower and a control method thereof. The device utilizes the principle of coanda, and a strand of gas in the tower moves in the convex runner after being conveyed by the fan, the gas flow velocity is different, so that a negative pressure area is formed in the cavity, and the gas in the public stripping section enters the main tower and the prefractionating tower to be regulated according to the difference of the negative pressure degree. The device has arranged two fans in next door tower both sides, has increased the cost, and the export amount of wind of fan relies on the frequency of fan to adjust in addition, and the fan access & exit has public district, and the influence to whole tower body is great in the adjustment process, and stability is relatively poor, and is higher to the requirement of fan in accommodation process.
CN106823439A discloses a device for regulating gas in a dividing wall tower and a control method thereof. The device introduces the coanda principle, the invention utilizes the pressure difference formed by fluid flow to distribute gas phase, and the gas phase load at two sides of the dividing wall tower is adjusted through two processes of distribution and redistribution of gas at the common stripping section, the adjustment period of the adaptive fluctuation is longer, the distribution ratio range is narrow and inflexible, the gas distribution ratio range is only between 0.5 and 1.0, and the industrial application is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve a series of problems that the gas phase distribution of a dividing wall tower is difficult, the gas phase load is difficult to regulate and control, the regulation range is small, the divided regulation and control of the pressures at two sides of the dividing wall tower cannot be realized, the heat exchange area of the traditional plate type dividing wall tower is limited, the heat exchange area cannot be flexibly regulated and the like in the prior art, and provides a novel shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor adopts a shell-and-tube columnar coaxial sealing structure, is coaxially arranged between a bulkhead section and a stripping section of a bulkhead tower through an external flange, a shell pass is communicated with the internal space of a main tower, and a tube pass is communicated with the internal space of a pre-dividing tower;
the tube side and the shell side of the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor are of a plate tower structure and comprise a pre-dividing tower outer tower tray, a main tower inner tower tray, a fixed pipe plate, a main tower gas phase distribution pipe, a pre-dividing tower gas phase distribution pipe, an outer downcomer, an inner downcomer, a pre-dividing tower liquid phase distribution pipe, a tube side gas-liquid phase inlet and outlet, an overflow weir, a liquid receiving disc and a liquid seal groove; the outer tower tray of the pre-separating tower is fixed at the top of the shell pass and is hermetically welded with the circular inner wall of the distributor and the gas-phase distribution pipe of the pre-separating tower; the tower tray in the main tower is welded on the circular inner wall surface of the distributor and is positioned in the middle of the shell pass space of the distributor; the fixed tube plate is fixed at the bottom of the shell pass and is hermetically welded with the circular inner wall of the distributor and the bottom end of the gas-phase distribution pipe of the pre-separation tower; the gas-phase distribution pipe of the main tower penetrates through the inner tower tray and is fixed between the inner tower tray of the distributor and the bottom fixed baffle plate; the gas-phase distribution pipe of the pre-dividing tower is welded between the outer tower tray of the distributor and the bottom fixed baffle plate; the outer downcomer is welded with the outer tray, the fixed tube plate and the circular inner wall of the distributor and is communicated with the tube side space; the inner downcomer is welded with the inner tower tray, the fixed tube plate and the circular inner wall of the distributor and is communicated with the shell side space; the liquid phase distribution pipe of the pre-dividing tower is vertically welded with the cylindrical outer wall and is communicated with an outer downcomer; the liquid seal groove is positioned at the bottom of the outer downcomer and is vertically welded with the cylindrical outer wall; the active gas phase distributor is fixed through a main tower inner tower tray, a pre-dividing tower outer tower tray and a fixed pipe plate which are nested inside;
the gas phase flow mode of the active gas phase distributor is as follows: the gas phase rising from the tower bottom is divided into two parts to enter an active gas phase distributor, one part enters a shell pass main tower through a distributor inlet, enters the inside of a circular pipe from a circular hole on the outer side of the gas phase distribution pipe of the main tower, rises in the distribution pipe to a shell pass outlet of the distributor of the main tower and enters a gas phase inlet of the main tower; another gas phase at the bottom of the tower rises to the top of a distribution pipe of the pre-dividing tower through a pipe pass of the pre-dividing tower, and the gas passes through a round hole in the pipe wall and rises to the pre-dividing tower;
the active type gas phase distributor has the following liquid phase flow mode: the shell side liquid phase inlet of the distributor is connected with the liquid outlet of the upper stage main tower, liquid overflows the feeding baffle plate, and after contacting with the gas phase of the shell side distribution pipe on the inner tower tray, the liquid enters the inner downcomer through the overflow weir and reaches the stripping section through the liquid phase outlet; the liquid phase of the tube side of the distributor comes from a liquid overflow pipeline of the upper-stage pre-dividing tower, the fluid is contacted with gas escaping from a circular hole on the wall surface of the tube side distribution tube after passing through a liquid tray, and the distributed liquid enters a downcomer outside the distributor through the liquid phase distribution tube and reaches a stripping section after passing through a liquid seal groove at the bottom of the downcomer.
The gas-phase distribution pipe of the main tower is provided with a hole on the pipe wall of the side surface below the inner tower disc, the pipe wall above the inner tower disc is not provided with a hole, and the port of the upper circular pipe is open;
the pipe wall of the side surface above the outer tray of the gas-phase distribution pipe of the pre-separation tower is provided with a hole, the port of the upper round pipe is closed, and the pipe wall from the lower part of the outer tray to the bottom fixed pipe plate is not provided with a hole.
The shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor regulates the gas phase of the main pre-dividing tower through the synergistic effect of the opening rate of the inner tower tray and the opening rate of the outer tower tray and the liquid level of the distribution pipe of the main pre-dividing tower.
The gas phase load of the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor shell-side main tower is adjusted through the liquid level, and the liquid level is regulated and controlled in a cascade mode through the pressure difference between the upper part of a tower tray in the shell side and the gas phase of a stripping section; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the lower part of the tray in the shell pass of the distributor is reduced, the gas phase enters the tube bundle through the circular air holes at the outer side of the gas phase distribution tube of the main tower, the ascending gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the main tower is larger, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the main tower is gradually reduced; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the lower part of the tray in the shell pass of the distributor is increased, the gas phase enters the tube bundle through the circular air holes at the outer side of the gas phase distribution tube of the main tower, the ascending gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the main tower is less, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the main tower is gradually increased.
The gas phase load of the tube pass pre-dividing tower of the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor is adjusted by the liquid level, and the liquid level is regulated and controlled in a cascade way by the pressure difference between the upper part of a vapor-liquid contact layer of a tray outside a tube pass and the gas phase of a stripping section; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the upper part of an outer tower tray at the top of a distributor tube pass is reduced, the gas phase enters the outside of the tube bundle through a circular air hole at the inner side of a gas phase distribution tube of the prefractionator, the rising gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the prefractionator is larger, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the prefractionator is gradually reduced; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the upper part of the outer tray at the top of the tube pass of the distributor is raised, the gas phase enters the outside of the tube bundle through the circular air holes at the inner side of the gas phase distribution tube of the prefractionator, the rising gas quantity of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the prefractionator is less, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the prefractionator is gradually increased at the moment.
The shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor has the distribution ratio of 0.05-1, the pressure of 0.05-2.5 MPa and the outer diameter of 100-5000 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the traditional gas phase distribution device of the dividing wall tower, the active gas phase distributor regulates the gas phase load of the main prefractionator through the synergistic effect of the opening ratio on the inner tower disc and the opening ratio on the outer tower disc and the liquid level of the distributor pipe of the main prefractionator, the uniformity of gas phase distribution and the regulation range of the gas phase distribution ratio are increased, and the adjustable interval of the gas distribution ratio is 0.05-1.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure and control of an apparatus of a shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2(a) is a schematic view of the structure of an outer tray of the apparatus of the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor of the present invention;
FIG. 2(b) is a schematic view showing the structure of an inner tray of the apparatus of the shell-and-tube active type gas phase distributor of the present invention;
FIG. 3(a) is a schematic plan view of a tube-side gas distribution tube of the device of the tube-shell active gas phase distributor according to the present invention;
FIG. 3(b) is a schematic plane development view of a shell-side gas distribution tube of the device of the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor of the present invention;
in FIG. 1, A-distributor prefractionator overflow; b-a tower tray outside the pre-fractionating tower of the distributor is provided with sieve holes; c-shell side liquid feed baffle; d-tower tray sieve holes in the distributor main tower; e-distributor upper flange; f-a shell side liquid overflow weir; h-distributor main column overflow pipe; i-distributor lower flange; j-liquid seal groove; v1-distributor main column gas inlet; v2-distributor main column gas outlet; l1-distributor main column liquid feed; l2-distributor main column liquid discharge; l3-distributor prefractionator distributor tube liquid outlet; l4-distributor prefractionator distributor tube liquid inlet; g1-distributor prefractionator distributor tube; g2-distributor main column distributor pipe; t1-distributor prefractionator tray outside; t2-distributor main column internal tray;
PI 101-distributor prefractionation column differential pressure indicator; PIC 101-distributor prefractionation column pressure differential control table; PI 102-distributor main tower differential pressure indicator; PIC 102-distributor main column differential pressure control table; LI 101-distributor prefractionator liquid level indicator; LIC 101-liquid level control table of distributor prefractionator; LI 102-distributor main column liquid level indicator; LIC 102-Dispenser Main column level control Table.
In FIG. 2(a), T1-1-distributor prefractionator tray downcomer; t1-2-distributor prefractionator outer tray sieve holes; t1-3-distributor prefractionator tray liquid-receiving plate.
In FIG. 2(b), T2-1-tray heat exchange plates within the distributor; t2-2-tray main tower sieve holes in the distributor; t2-3-distributor inner tray downcomer; t2-4-tray prefractionator mesh in distributor.
In FIG. 3(a), G1-1-distributor prefractionator distributor tube round hole; g1-2-distributor prefractionator distribution pipe upper opening area; g1-3-distributor prefractionator distributing pipe not perforated; g1-4-distributor prefractionator distributor top seal.
In FIG. 3(b), G2-1-distributor main column distribution open area; g2-2-distributor prefractionator distributing pipe upper part un-perforated area; g2-3-distributor main column distributor tube circular holes.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a device of a shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor, which is suitable for the gas phase distribution process of a heat integrated shell-and-tube partition tower, and the technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below by combining with the attached drawings and specific embodiments, wherein the specific embodiments described herein are only used for explaining the invention, but the protection scope of the invention is not limited by the embodiments.
A shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor system comprises a prefractionation tower outer tower tray, a main tower inner tower tray, a liquid receiving tray, a prefractionation tower gas phase distribution pipe, a main tower distributor liquid phase distribution pipe, a prefractionation tower distributor liquid phase distribution pipe, a feeding baffle, a main tower distributor downcomer, a main tower gas-liquid pipe, a liquid seal groove and the like.
The shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor of the invention is connected to operate by the following devices: the distributor lower extreme passes through sealing flange I and the coaxial sealing connection of next door tower public stripping section, the gaseous phase of tower bottom reboiler divides into two parts through public stripping section, one gaseous phase enters into shell side main tower through entry V1, it enters into the pipe inside to follow main tower gaseous phase distributing pipe G2 outside round hole, rise to upper end pipe exit (the upper portion wall of G2 distributing pipe does not have the trompil) in the distributing pipe, with come from the liquid phase of last one-level tower festival on tower tray T2 mutual contact, it rises to the gaseous phase entrance of last one-level main tower through main tower distributor shell side export pipeline V2. The other gas phase from the common stripping section passes through a riser G1 of a tube pass distributor of the prefractionator to the top, contacts with the liquid phase of the previous prefractionator on an outer tray T1, the top of the distributor G1 is sealed, and the gas passes through a round hole in the wall surface and rises to the tube pass of the previous prefractionator.
A liquid phase inlet pipeline L1 of the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor is connected with a liquid outlet pipeline of a previous stage main tower, liquid overflows a feeding baffle C, and after contacting with gas of a shell pass distribution pipe G2 on an inner tray G2, the liquid enters an overflow pipe through an overflow weir F and is connected with a next stage common stripping section or a tower kettle through a distributor liquid outlet pipeline L2.
The liquid phase of the external tray T1 of the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor comes from the liquid overflow pipeline of the upper-stage prefractionator, the liquid contacts with the gas escaping from the round holes on the wall surface of the tube pass distribution tube G2 after passing through a liquid zone T1-3, the distributed liquid is connected with the pipeline L4 through the liquid distribution pipeline L3 and enters the distributor downcomer A, the bottom of the downcomer passes through a liquid seal groove J and then reaches the next-stage common stripping section or the tower kettle, the liquid seal groove J forms a sealing structure, and the vapor and the liquid are not in series pressure.
The active regulation of the shell-and-tube gas phase distributor system is realized by regulating the gas phase load of the tube pass prefractionator through the liquid level, and controlling the cascade regulation of the liquid level and the liquid level control LIC101 through the gas phase pressure difference PIC101 between the upper part of an external tray gas-liquid contact layer on the upper part of the tube pass and a public stripping section. When the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level LI101 at the upper part of an outer tray at the top of a distributor tube pass is reduced, the gas phase enters the outside of the tube bundle (the top of the tube bundle is closed) through a circular air hole at the inner side of a gas phase distribution tube of the prefractionator, the ascending gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle passing through the prefractionator is larger, and the pressure difference PI101 at the gas phase distribution side of the prefractionator is gradually; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level LI101 on the upper portion of the outer tray at the top of the tube pass of the distributor is increased, the gas phase enters the outside of the tube bundle through the circular air holes on the inner side of the gas phase distribution tube of the prefractionator, the ascending gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle passing through the prefractionator is less, and the pressure difference PI101 on the gas phase distribution side of the prefractionator is gradually increased.
According to the active regulation of the shell-and-tube gas phase distributor system, the gas phase load of the shell-side main tower is regulated through the liquid level, and the liquid level is regulated and controlled through the cascade connection of the pressure difference control PIC102 and the liquid level control LIC102 of the upper part of a tower tray in the shell side and the gas phase in the public stripping section. When the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level LI102 at the lower part of a tray in the shell side of the distributor is reduced, the gas phase enters the tube bundle through the circular air holes at the outer side of the gas phase distribution tube of the main tower, the ascending gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the main tower is larger, and the pressure difference PI102 at the gas phase distribution side of the main tower is gradually reduced; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level LI102 at the lower part of the tray in the shell side of the distributor is increased, the gas phase enters the tube bundle through the circular air holes at the outer side of the gas phase distribution tube of the main tower, the ascending gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the main tower is less, and the pressure difference PI102 at the gas phase distribution side of the main tower is gradually increased.
The shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor has a shell-and-tube coupling structure, the shell side and the tube side of the distributor are in a closed structure, the insides of the inner tower tray and the outer tower tray are not mutually pressed in series, gas-liquid phases on the side of a main prefractionator of the distributor are provided with respective channels, and the bottoms of shell side downcomers and tube side downcomers are in liquid seal structures, so that the gas phase is prevented from directly flowing through the downcomers. The liquid descending tube of the distributor can be of a tube structure or a tube plate structure, and a fixed round tube or a fixed long plate becomes a heat transfer wall surface, so that the heat transfer area is increased. The tube bundle in the distributor of the main prefractionator can be a smooth round tube or a corrugated tube, the number of the tube bundle can be adjusted by the aperture ratio, the wall surface of the tube bundle becomes a heat transfer surface, the heat exchange area of a tube pass and a shell pass is increased, and the heat exchange sensitivity is improved. The gas-phase channel of the pipe wall of the liquid-phase distribution pipe of the main prefractionator distributor comprises various types of round holes with the same aperture, round holes without the same aperture, gaps, structures in other shapes or combination forms. The shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor regulates the gas phase of the main prefractionator through the synergistic effect of the opening ratio on the inner tower disc and the opening ratio on the outer tower disc and the liquid level of the distributor pipe of the main prefractionator, so that the uniformity degree and the distribution ratio regulating range of gas phase distribution are increased, and the adjustable interval of the gas distribution ratio is 0.05-1. The shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor can realize the adjustment of different pressures at the sides of the main tower and the prefractionation tower, has flexible pressure adjustment, and is beneficial to the separation of three or more multicomponent systems.
Example 1
Novel distributor external diameter is 200mm, the distributor material is stainless steel, the outer tray trompil number of prefractionation tower is 60, tray trompil number is 80 in the main tower, distributor prefractionation tower distributing pipe 6mm, distributor main tower distributing pipe 8mm, the interval of flange face is 620mm about the distributor, the interval of interior tray to lower flange face is 240mm, the interval is 400mm about the outer tray, the outer tray of upper portion is 175mm to upper portion flange interval, interior tray feeding baffle height is 35mm, the overflow weir height is 25mm, distributor main tower distributing pipe total height is 220mm, distributor main tower distributing pipe trompil area height is 200mm, distributor main tower downcomer length is 215mm, distributor main tower distributing pipe diameter is 8 mm. The distributor is divided into a distributor prefractionation tower distribution pipe total height and is 525mm, distributor prefractionation tower distribution pipe open area height is 126mm, distributor prefractionation tower downcomer height is 545mm, the distance of liquid seal groove apart from the lower flange face is 16mm, distributor prefractionation tower distribution pipe diameter is 6mm, the position of shell side gas phase entry is the position of interior tray apart from outer tray lower extreme 1/4, shell side liquid phase entry position is interior tray up end, shell side liquid phase exit position is the position of interior tray apart from outer tray lower extreme 1/8, the control range of novel distributor distribution ratio is 0.05 ~ 1.
Example 2
The novel distributor external diameter is 200mm, the distributor material is stainless steel, distributor prefractionation tower distributing pipe 6mm, distributor main tower distributing pipe 8mm, the number of 6mm trompil in outer tray aperture of prefractionation tower is 60, the number of 8mm trompil in tray aperture in the main tower is 80, the wall thickness is 1.5mm, the thickness of inside and outside tray is 2mm, other equipment sizes are unanimous with the parameter in example 1. The heat load of the reboiler is 35KW, when the liquid level LI101 of the distributor prefractionator is adjusted to be 30mm, the pressure indicator PI101 of the novel distributor prefractionator is 120KPa, and the gas phase distribution ratio of the distributor prefractionator is 0.75; when the liquid level LI102 of the distributor main tower is adjusted to be 90mm, the pressure gauge PI102 of the novel distributor main tower is 180KPa, and the gas phase distribution ratio of the distributor main tower is 0.5.
Example 3
The novel distributor external diameter is 300mm, the distributor material is stainless steel, distributor prefractionation tower distributing pipe 8mm, distributor main tower distributing pipe 8mm, the number of 8mm trompil in outer tray aperture of prefractionation tower is 85, the number of 8mm trompil in inner tray aperture of main tower is 75, the wall thickness is 2mm, the thickness of inside and outside tray is 2mm, other equipment sizes are unanimous with the parameter in example 1. The heat load of the reboiler is 35KW, when the liquid level LI101 of the distributor prefractionator is adjusted to 35mm, the pressure indicator PI101 of the novel distributor prefractionator is 50KPa, and the gas phase distribution ratio of the distributor prefractionator is 0.8; when the liquid level LI102 of the distributor main tower is adjusted to be 150mm, the pressure gauge PI102 of the novel distributor main tower is 230KPa, and the gas phase distribution ratio of the distributor main tower is 0.25.
Claims (10)
1. A shell and tube active gas phase distributor, comprising: the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor adopts a shell-and-tube columnar coaxial sealing structure, is coaxially arranged between a bulkhead section and a stripping section of a bulkhead tower through an external flange, and is communicated with the inner space of a main tower through a shell pass and the inner space of a pre-dividing tower through a tube pass;
the tube side and the shell side of the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor are of a plate tower structure and comprise a pre-dividing tower outer tower tray, a main tower inner tower tray, a fixed pipe plate, a main tower gas phase distribution pipe, a pre-dividing tower gas phase distribution pipe, an outer downcomer, an inner downcomer, a pre-dividing tower liquid phase distribution pipe, a tube side gas-liquid phase inlet and outlet, an overflow weir, a liquid receiving disc and a liquid seal groove; the outer tower tray of the pre-separating tower is fixed at the top of the shell pass and is hermetically welded with the circular inner wall of the distributor and the gas-phase distribution pipe of the pre-separating tower; the tower tray in the main tower is welded on the circular inner wall surface of the distributor and is positioned in the middle of the shell pass space of the distributor; the fixed tube plate is fixed at the bottom of the shell pass and is hermetically welded with the circular inner wall of the distributor and the bottom end of the gas-phase distribution pipe of the pre-separation tower; the gas-phase distribution pipe of the main tower penetrates through the inner tower tray and is fixed between the inner tower tray of the distributor and the bottom fixed baffle plate; the gas-phase distribution pipe of the pre-dividing tower is welded between the outer tower tray of the distributor and the bottom fixed baffle plate; the outer downcomer is welded with the outer tray, the fixed tube plate and the circular inner wall of the distributor and is communicated with the tube side space; the inner downcomer is welded with the inner tower tray, the fixed tube plate and the circular inner wall of the distributor and is communicated with the shell side space; the liquid phase distribution pipe of the pre-dividing tower is vertically welded with the cylindrical outer wall and is communicated with an outer downcomer; the liquid seal groove is positioned at the bottom of the outer downcomer and is vertically welded with the cylindrical outer wall; the active gas phase distributor is fixed through a main tower inner tower tray, a pre-dividing tower outer tower tray and a fixed pipe plate which are nested inside;
the gas phase flow mode of the active gas phase distributor is as follows: the gas phase rising from the tower bottom is divided into two parts to enter an active gas phase distributor, one part enters a shell pass main tower through a distributor inlet, enters the inside of a circular pipe from a circular hole on the outer side of the gas phase distribution pipe of the main tower, rises in the distribution pipe to a shell pass outlet of the distributor of the main tower and enters a gas phase inlet of the main tower; another gas phase at the bottom of the tower rises to the top of a distribution pipe of the pre-dividing tower through a pipe pass of the pre-dividing tower, and the gas passes through a round hole in the pipe wall and rises to the pre-dividing tower;
the active type gas phase distributor has the following liquid phase flow mode: the shell side liquid phase inlet of the distributor is connected with the liquid outlet of the upper stage main tower, liquid overflows the feeding baffle plate, and after contacting with the gas phase of the shell side distribution pipe on the inner tower tray, the liquid enters the inner downcomer through the overflow weir and reaches the stripping section through the liquid phase outlet; the liquid phase of the tube side of the distributor comes from a liquid overflow pipeline of the upper-stage pre-dividing tower, the fluid is contacted with gas escaping from a circular hole on the wall surface of the tube side distribution tube after passing through a liquid tray, and the distributed liquid enters a downcomer outside the distributor through the liquid phase distribution tube and reaches a stripping section after passing through a liquid seal groove at the bottom of the downcomer.
2. A shell and tube active gas phase distributor as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the gas-phase distribution pipe of the main tower is provided with a hole on the pipe wall of the side surface below the inner tower disc, the pipe wall above the inner tower disc is not provided with a hole, and the port of the upper circular pipe is open; the pipe wall of the side surface above the outer tray of the gas-phase distribution pipe of the pre-separation tower is provided with a hole, the port of the upper round pipe is closed, and the pipe wall from the lower part of the outer tray to the bottom fixed pipe plate is not provided with a hole.
3. A shell and tube active gas phase distributor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor regulates the gas phase of the main pre-dividing tower through the synergistic effect of the opening rate of the inner tower tray and the opening rate of the outer tower tray and the liquid level of the distribution pipe of the main pre-dividing tower.
4. A shell and tube active gas phase distributor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the gas phase load of the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor shell-side main tower is adjusted through the liquid level, and the liquid level is regulated and controlled in a cascade mode through the pressure difference between the upper part of a tower tray in the shell side and the gas phase of a stripping section; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the lower part of the tray in the shell pass of the distributor is reduced, the gas phase enters the tube bundle through the circular air holes at the outer side of the gas phase distribution tube of the main tower, the ascending gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the main tower is larger, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the main tower is gradually reduced; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the lower part of the tray in the shell pass of the distributor is increased, the gas phase enters the tube bundle through the circular air holes at the outer side of the gas phase distribution tube of the main tower, the ascending gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the main tower is less, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the main tower is gradually increased.
5. A shell and tube active gas phase distributor as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the gas phase load of the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor shell-side main tower is adjusted through the liquid level, and the liquid level is regulated and controlled in a cascade mode through the pressure difference between the upper part of a tower tray in the shell side and the gas phase of a stripping section; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the lower part of the tray in the shell pass of the distributor is reduced, the gas phase enters the tube bundle through the circular air holes at the outer side of the gas phase distribution tube of the main tower, the ascending gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the main tower is larger, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the main tower is gradually reduced; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the lower part of the tray in the shell pass of the distributor is increased, the gas phase enters the tube bundle through the circular air holes at the outer side of the gas phase distribution tube of the main tower, the ascending gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the main tower is less, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the main tower is gradually increased.
6. A shell and tube active gas phase distributor according to claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein: the gas phase load of the tube pass pre-dividing tower of the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor is adjusted by the liquid level, and the liquid level is regulated and controlled in a cascade way by the pressure difference between the upper part of a vapor-liquid contact layer of a tray outside a tube pass and the gas phase of a stripping section; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the upper part of an outer tower tray at the top of a distributor tube pass is reduced, the gas phase enters the outside of the tube bundle through a circular air hole at the inner side of a gas phase distribution tube of the prefractionator, the rising gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the prefractionator is larger, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the prefractionator is gradually reduced; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the upper part of the outer tray at the top of the tube pass of the distributor is raised, the gas phase enters the outside of the tube bundle through the circular air holes at the inner side of the gas phase distribution tube of the prefractionator, the rising gas quantity of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the prefractionator is less, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the prefractionator is gradually increased at the moment.
7. A shell and tube active gas phase distributor as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the gas phase load of the tube pass pre-dividing tower of the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor is adjusted by the liquid level, and the liquid level is regulated and controlled in a cascade way by the pressure difference between the upper part of a vapor-liquid contact layer of a tray outside a tube pass and the gas phase of a stripping section; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the upper part of an outer tower tray at the top of a distributor tube pass is reduced, the gas phase enters the outside of the tube bundle through a circular air hole at the inner side of a gas phase distribution tube of the prefractionator, the rising gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the prefractionator is larger, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the prefractionator is gradually reduced; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the upper part of the outer tray at the top of the tube pass of the distributor is raised, the gas phase enters the outside of the tube bundle through the circular air holes at the inner side of the gas phase distribution tube of the prefractionator, the rising gas quantity of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the prefractionator is less, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the prefractionator is gradually increased at the moment.
8. A shell and tube active gas phase distributor as set forth in claim 4 wherein: the gas phase load of the tube pass pre-dividing tower of the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor is adjusted by the liquid level, and the liquid level is regulated and controlled in a cascade way by the pressure difference between the upper part of a vapor-liquid contact layer of a tray outside a tube pass and the gas phase of a stripping section; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the upper part of an outer tower tray at the top of a distributor tube pass is reduced, the gas phase enters the outside of the tube bundle through a circular air hole at the inner side of a gas phase distribution tube of the prefractionator, the rising gas volume of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the prefractionator is larger, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the prefractionator is gradually reduced; when the gas phase load is unchanged and the liquid level at the upper part of the outer tray at the top of the tube pass of the distributor is raised, the gas phase enters the outside of the tube bundle through the circular air holes at the inner side of the gas phase distribution tube of the prefractionator, the rising gas quantity of the gas phase distribution tube bundle of the prefractionator is less, and the pressure difference at the gas phase distribution side of the prefractionator is gradually increased at the moment.
9. A shell and tube active gas phase distributor as claimed in claim 1, 2, 5, 7 or 8 wherein: the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor has the distribution ratio of 0.05-1, the pressure of 0.05-2.5 MPa and the outer diameter of 100-5000 mm.
10. A shell and tube active gas phase distributor as set forth in claim 6 wherein: the shell-and-tube active gas phase distributor has the distribution ratio of 0.05-1, the pressure of 0.05-2.5 MPa and the outer diameter of 100-5000 mm.
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