CN112770791B - 骨粉收集器 - Google Patents

骨粉收集器 Download PDF

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CN112770791B
CN112770791B CN201880095439.3A CN201880095439A CN112770791B CN 112770791 B CN112770791 B CN 112770791B CN 201880095439 A CN201880095439 A CN 201880095439A CN 112770791 B CN112770791 B CN 112770791B
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穆尔恰诺夫 罗斯兰
穆尔恰诺夫瓦 伊丽娜
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Yi Lina muerqianuofuwa
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/60Containers for suction drainage, adapted to be used with an external suction source
    • A61M1/63Containers for suction drainage, adapted to be used with an external suction source with means for emptying the suction container, e.g. by interrupting suction
    • A61M1/631Emptying the suction container without interrupting suction
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/88Draining devices having means for processing the drained fluid, e.g. an absorber
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2217/00General characteristics of surgical instruments
    • A61B2217/002Auxiliary appliance
    • A61B2217/005Auxiliary appliance with suction drainage system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/75General characteristics of the apparatus with filters
    • A61M2205/7545General characteristics of the apparatus with filters for solid matter, e.g. microaggregates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2206/00Characteristics of a physical parameter; associated device therefor
    • A61M2206/10Flow characteristics
    • A61M2206/16Rotating swirling helical flow, e.g. by tangential inflows
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2206/00Characteristics of a physical parameter; associated device therefor
    • A61M2206/10Flow characteristics
    • A61M2206/20Flow characteristics having means for promoting or enhancing the flow, actively or passively
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2210/00Anatomical parts of the body
    • A61M2210/02Bones

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  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
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Abstract

一种骨粉收集器,用于在各种外科手术过程中收集骨粉,以用于随后的骨植入。该装置包括覆盖有盖的圆柱形外壳单元,该盖附接到具有多孔末端的中心管。该管连接旋风形成机构和位于中心管下部的过滤膜。该膜与沿着圆柱体的壁定位的多个多孔板互连。旋风形成机构由带有锥形喷嘴的入口端口和螺旋部组成,它使进入的流体产生螺旋运动。流体进一步被引导至具有多孔板的2级过滤系统,在多孔板处聚集较大的骨颗粒,然后被引导至过滤膜,该过滤膜收集较小的颗粒。流体通过中心管提取。可以移除盖以从板和膜上收集骨颗粒。

Description

骨粉收集器
技术领域
本发明涉及骨颗粒收集装置,用于在外科手术过程中从患者体内提取的各种物质中分离出骨碎片,这些物质例如是血液,冲洗液,组织颗粒和其他流体,特别是涉及用于从提取的流体中保留和收集骨碎片的装置。骨粉收集器包括独特的2级过滤系统,允许收集包括最小单位的大量骨颗粒。
与已知的骨颗粒收集装置相比,本发明具有许多益处和优点,解决了以下问题:
1.现有的装置是基于具有特定尺寸的孔的一级过滤系统。一级过滤系统仅分离该特定尺寸的骨颗粒。如果孔很大,则会导致洗掉较小的骨粉,从而阻止将其收集起来以备将来植入。如果孔的尺寸太小,则它们经常会被堵塞。
骨粉收集器旨在收集尽可能多的骨颗粒,由于高效的2级过滤系统,防止造成,过度冲洗。第一级由多个具有较大孔的板组成,这些板垂直位于圆柱形外壳单元的内表面上。在过滤过程中,较大的骨颗粒聚集在上述板上。
2级过滤系统的第二级是圆形的孔膜,具有较小孔,位于圆柱形外壳单元中的中心管的下部。膜收集最小的骨颗粒。
骨粉收集器的另一个独特特征是可以选择以下方法来清洁血液中的骨颗粒:吸入冲洗液,然后通过中心管再次将其抽出。2级过滤系统防止在清洁过程中洗掉骨颗粒。
2.大多数现有的骨颗粒收集装置的共同缺点是设计效率低下,其中入口管和出口管位于相对的两侧,这使得装置大到可以放置在盖布袋中以稳定定位。在手术过程中,一些收集装置会用夹子固定在遮盖患者的盖布上。这样的固定不能提供稳定的定位。在外科手术过程中,一旦更改了装置的位置,该装置可能会停止正常运行。在某些定位角度下,已知的装置根本无法收集骨颗粒,因此在手术过程中总体上收集的骨颗粒较少。
另一组已知的装置可以装入盖布袋中,但是它们的尺寸太小,因此在手术过程中很难从袋中找到并从袋中取出,由于外科医生的额外分心,这使得手术更加耗时并且效率较低。
骨粉收集器的设计效率很高,可确保稳定的定位。入口管和出口管位于骨粉尘收集器的同一侧,这允许该装置放置在盖布袋中,以确保可靠的稳定定位。骨粉收集器的尺寸使其可以完美地适合于盖布的袋,并且可以轻松地从盖布中取出。
3.其他现有的骨颗粒收集装置尺寸非常小,需要经常排空,这使得手术过程更加耗时并且因此成本效益较低。
骨粉收集器的直径为40毫米,是现有装置的尺寸的2倍或更多倍,并且使其能够完美地适合盖布袋。
4.骨粉收集器的另一个优点是耐用性。众所周知,现有装置具有容易破损的易碎的入口管和出口管。
骨粉收集器入口管和出口管的壁厚是现有类似装置的2.5倍,从而提供了耐用性和成本效益。
5.骨粉收集器的另一个独特特征可确保装置的密封性。骨粉收集器的出口端口呈锥形,以与标准抽吸管道刚性连接。出口侧的出口端口的内径大于入口侧的入口端口的内径。尺寸不同的内径,出口和入口产生负压以确保装置的密封性。
背景技术
骨收集装置是已知的并且用于脊柱,骨科和牙科手术中。已知的装置可以分为两个主要的组。第一组包括通常放置在手术区域以外且处于非无菌区中的装置。第二组包括放置在手术区域内且处于无菌区中的装置。第二组可细分为几种类型的骨颗粒收集装置:(1)直接连接到钻头(drill),(2)直接连接到抽吸末端,(3)通过挠性管线连接到抽吸末端。骨粉收集器属于第二组的第三类。这种类型的骨收集装置在以下专利中有介绍:
尽管这样的骨收集装置目前在工业中使用,但是仍需要进行重大改进。
发明内容
骨粉收集器是一种过滤装置,用于在各种外科手术过程中收集骨粉和颗粒,以用于随后的骨植入。该装置包括圆柱形外壳单元,多个多孔板沿着内表面放置。圆柱形外壳单元覆盖有盖,该盖附接到中心管。中心管的另一端具有多孔末端。中心管连接旋风形成机构与过滤膜,过滤膜位于多孔末端上方中心管的下端。膜包含狭槽以与多孔板互连。多孔板装配到膜的狭槽中,从而允许膜从板上刮去骨颗粒。旋风形成机构包括带有锥形喷嘴的入口端口和螺旋部。旋风形成机构使进入的流体产生螺旋运动。流体进一步被引导至2级过滤系统。2级过滤系统的第一级包括上述多孔板,以聚集较大的骨颗粒。
第二级是过滤膜,该过滤膜具有较小的孔,用于收集较小的骨颗粒。
骨颗粒被分离并聚集在板和膜表面上。抽吸管线连接到出口,以通过中心管提取剩余的流体。流体通过位于膜下方的管的端部处的多孔末端被吸入中心管。移除圆柱体的盖以收集骨颗粒。当移除盖时,中心过滤膜会从多孔板上刮下骨颗粒。
骨粉收集器还可用于牙科行业。可以调整装置的尺寸以适合牙科医生的需求。
附图说明
图1是组装状态下的骨粉收集器的透视图。
图2是局部分解状态下的骨粉收集器的透视图。
图3是本发明的上部的侧视剖视图,包括盖和螺旋部。
图4是本发明的下部的侧视剖视图,包括圆柱形外壳单元,具有多孔末端的中心管,过滤板和中心过滤膜。
具体实施方式
参照附图,尤其是参照图1-4,骨粉收集器包含两个主要部分:圆柱形外壳单元,大体用12表示,由塑料制成,最好是透明的;和盖10,带有内置旋风形成系统,包括螺旋部3、4和入口端口1。
从患者进入的流体通过入口端口1(包括具有锥形喷嘴2的圆柱形管13)被输送到骨粉收集器中。入口端口通过锥形喷嘴连接到抽吸管线,以将流体引向螺旋部3、4。螺旋部附接于盖10并缠绕中心管9。
入口端口的外表面呈锥形7,以与柔性抽吸管线紧密连接,从而在外科手术过程中输送来自患者的流体。
然后进入的流体被引向螺旋部3的上端并形成旋风运动,向螺旋部4的下端移动。螺旋部4的远端(下端)在过滤多孔板5的高度处终止,该过滤多孔板5沿着圆柱形外壳单元的内侧定位。离开螺旋部,流体被引向具有多个孔16的过滤板,在多个孔处聚集较大的骨颗粒。通过多孔板的较小的骨颗粒-骨粉进一步聚集在中心过滤膜14的较小孔上。
多孔板和中心过滤膜的组合形成了2级过滤系统,允许聚集更多的骨颗粒。
该膜刚性地连接到中心管,并且还包括多个狭槽6,这些狭槽与过滤板的位置和尺寸对应地周边地定位。当拉出连接有中心管和膜的盖时,膜的狭槽会刮去多孔板表面的骨颗粒。膜的外围表面还机械地收集聚集在圆柱形外壳单元的内表面上的骨粉和颗粒。通过中心过滤膜的过滤后的流体被引导到下部容器17中。从那里,流体通过中心管的多孔末端8输送到中心管中。多孔末端包括多个孔18,以防止血液凝块阻塞。通过中心管引导,流体最终通过锥形的出口端口11从装置中提取。
出口侧的出口端口内径大于入口侧的入口端口内径,以产生负压并确保装置的密封性。
骨粉收集器的盖通过O形环15牢固地连接到外壳单元。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于在外科手术过程中从患者收集骨颗粒的骨粉收集器,其特征在于,包括:圆柱形外壳单元,多个多孔过滤板沿着所述圆柱形外壳单元的内壁定位;
盖;
O形环,所述O形环确保密封的所述骨粉收集器的密封性;
旋风形成机构,所述旋风形成机构包括螺旋部和入口端口,所述入口端口包括具有锥形喷嘴的圆柱形管;
中心管,所述中心管具有用于提取过滤后的流体的多孔末端,所述中心管的上端附接到所述盖;
2级过滤系统,所述2级过滤系统包括所述多个多孔过滤板和中心过滤膜,其中所述中心过滤膜刚性地附接到所述中心管的下端,其中所述中心过滤膜包括用于过滤骨粉的多个孔和与所述多个多孔过滤板互连的多个狭槽,其中随着移除所述盖,所述多个狭槽允许从所述多个多孔过滤板刮去骨颗粒;
出口端口,所述出口端口内置在所述盖中;
其中所述多孔末端位于所述中心管的所述中心过滤膜下方的端部,其中所述中心过滤膜的孔的尺寸小于所述多个多孔过滤板的孔的尺寸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的骨粉收集器,其特征在于,所述入口端口连接到抽吸管线,并且将从患者抽吸出的流体引导至所述螺旋部,所述螺旋部附接到所述盖并缠绕所述中心管,其中所述螺旋部的远端部分在所述多个多孔过滤板的高度处终止。
3.根据权利要求1所述的骨粉收集器,其特征在于,所述多个多孔过滤板用于聚集较大的骨颗粒。
4.根据权利要求1所述的骨粉收集器,其特征在于,所述中心过滤膜包括用于聚集较小的骨颗粒和骨粉的多个小孔。
5.根据权利要求1所述的骨粉收集器,其特征在于,所述中心过滤膜包括多个周边放置的所述狭槽,随着移除所述盖时拉动所述盖,所述狭槽允许所述中心过滤膜通过所述多个多孔过滤板;其中,所述中心过滤膜包括收集聚集在所述圆柱形外壳单元的内表面上的骨粉和颗粒的外围表面。
6.根据权利要求1所述的骨粉收集器,其特征在于,所述出口端口的内径大于所述入口端口的内径,以产生负压,确保所述骨粉收集器的密封性;其中所述入口端口和出口端口呈锥形。
7.根据权利要求1所述的骨粉收集器,其特征在于,所述O形环位于所述盖和所述圆柱形外壳单元的接合处,以紧密地密封所述骨粉收集器。
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