CN112767638A - Fire-fighting emergency method based on UWB positioning - Google Patents
Fire-fighting emergency method based on UWB positioning Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fire-fighting emergency method based on UWB positioning. The invention comprises the following steps: step 1, firstly, constructing a three-dimensional safety control system in a thermal power plant; the three-dimensional safety management and control system comprises a positioning hardware system and a background calculation display module; step 2, the three-dimensional safety management and control system is in butt joint with a fire fighting system of the thermal power plant through a ModBus; and 3, realizing fire evacuation rescue by combining the UWB accurate positioning technology with fire management. The invention can quickly check the fire position and peripheral fire-fighting facilities, and can also quickly call the camera to check the field situation. After a fire disaster occurs, except that the lamp of the emergency evacuation channel is lightened, the invention can indicate the optimal escape route and the nearby fire-fighting facilities. The invention can know the fire position and can quickly reach the fire position through navigation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a fire-fighting emergency method based on UWB positioning.
Background
With the continuous maturity of the positioning technology, the application range of the positioning technology is also continuously expanded, and the emerging positioning application is no longer limited to the outdoor scene. And new requirements are provided for indoor positioning, outdoor high-precision positioning and the like. Such as precise location based admittance and disapproval, accident rescue, etc.
The satellite signals are seriously influenced indoors, so that GPS or Beidou can not be positioned, and a set of indoor position positioning system is formed by mainly adopting multiple technologies such as wireless communication, base station positioning, inertial navigation positioning and the like in indoor positioning in an integrated mode, so that the position monitoring of personnel, objects and the like in indoor space is realized. Besides cellular positioning technologies of communication networks, common indoor wireless positioning technologies include: Wi-Fi, bluetooth, infrared ray, RFID, ZigBee, ultrasonic wave and the like, but the positioning technology generally has the defects of low positioning precision, poor anti-interference capability, higher price and poor practicability, and cannot be used in industrial environment.
At present, GPS or Beidou is generally adopted for outdoor positioning, the positioning accuracy is low (the error is about 10 meters), and some high-accuracy positioning requirements cannot be met. Positioning, such as WeChat, Baidu maps, etc., can only know the approximate location, and cannot know which building, floor, or room is in. The rescue can not be implemented when danger occurs.
The UWB-Ultra Wideband (Ultra wide band) technology is a new communication technology that is greatly different from the conventional communication technology. It does not need to use a carrier wave in a conventional communication system, but transmits data by transmitting and receiving extremely narrow pulses having nanosecond or less, thereby having a bandwidth in the order of GHz.
Compared with the traditional narrow-band system, the ultra-wide-band system has the advantages of strong penetrating power, low power consumption, good anti-multipath effect, high safety, low system complexity, capability of providing accurate positioning precision and the like. Therefore, the ultra-wideband technology can be applied to positioning, tracking and navigation of indoor stationary or moving objects and people, and can provide very accurate positioning precision.
UWB indoor positioning function is very similar to satellite principle, that is, through indoor arrangement of 3 or more positioning anchor points (also called positioning base stations) with known coordinates, people or equipment needing to be positioned carry positioning labels, the labels send pulses according to a certain frequency, and constantly perform distance measurement with 3 or more base stations with known positions, and the positions of the labels are determined through a certain precise algorithm!
When the conflagration breaing out, many times in the building, GPS big dipper can't fix a position, what this patent teaches is how to utilize the algorithm that UWB accurate positioning technology and fire control management combined together in thermal power plant, combines together through UWB accurate location and fire control management, can more effectually carry out work such as sparse, conflagration put out, quick rescue to personnel when proruption conflagration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fire-fighting emergency method based on UWB positioning, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
step 1, firstly, constructing a three-dimensional safety control system in a thermal power plant; the three-dimensional safety management and control system comprises a positioning hardware system and a background calculation display module;
the UWB positioning hardware system is concretely realized as follows:
firstly, a certain number of positioning base stations, exciters and LoRa communication base stations are installed indoors or outdoors in power plants, buildings and the like; wherein location base station, exciter and loRa communication base station all connect the power, and loRa communication base station still connects the net twine.
The number of the positioning base stations is more than or equal to 3;
the positioning base station is arranged on a wall and a column indoors, and is arranged on a street lamp pole or an outer wall outdoors and can be also embedded with a vertical rod for installation;
the exciter is arranged at the upper and lower openings of the stairs and the inlet and outlet positions of the elevator;
secondly, binding the UWB positioning tag with personnel, articles and equipment, when the personnel, the articles and the equipment move in the range covered by the positioning hardware system, the UWB positioning tag continuously measures the distance with the surrounding UWB positioning base stations, simultaneously sending the distance measurement information to the LoRa communication base station by the UWB positioning tag, transmitting the LoRa communication base station to a background server through a wired network, and calculating a positioning coordinate 1 by the background server; however, the above method usually has poor precision of height coordinates, and jumps occur, and the floor position cannot be determined, so that the positioning in the three-dimensional space cannot be completed.
Then we add an exciter for accurate floor location. When personnel, articles and equipment carrying the UWB positioning tags pass through an exciter arranged at a stair opening position with known coordinates, the UWB positioning tags are excited, meanwhile, the positioning tags send the position coordinates of the exciter to a LoRa communication base station, the LoRa communication base station sends exciter excitation information (excitation point coordinates) to a background server, the background server determines which floor position the tags belong to through the exciter, and positioning in a three-dimensional space is realized by combining a positioning coordinate 1;
and finally, displaying the position through three-dimensional software at a computer end, so that three-dimensional positioning can be realized.
The background computing and displaying module:
the background computing and displaying module comprises a background server and a display terminal PC: the background server is responsible for receiving positioning base station ranging information and exciter excitation information sent by the LoRa communication base station and calculating a positioning result. And the display terminal PC adopts Unity software as a display platform to operate the three-dimensional model, and displays a positioning result on the three-dimensional map to realize the positioning of the three-dimensional space.
The coordinate position of each fire-fighting facility of the whole thermal power plant is recorded in a background server;
step 2, the ModBus is in butt joint with a fire-fighting system of the thermal power plant
An LPI-ModBus (thermal power plant fire protection system converter) is additionally arranged on an existing thermal power plant fire protection system, and then the LPI-ModBus is converted into a network protocol through a ModBus-TCP conversion module and then the network protocol is accessed into a three-dimensional safety management and control system. Therefore, when fire occurs, the system can receive alarm information and alarm positions.
The fire-fighting system of the thermal power plant comprises a smoke-sensitive alarm, a temperature-sensitive alarm and coordinate positions corresponding to the smoke-sensitive alarm and the temperature-sensitive alarm;
the model of the LPI-ModBus converter is USR-N520.
And 3, realizing fire evacuation rescue by combining the UWB accurate positioning technology with fire management.
And 3-1, calculating nearby personnel and fire-fighting facilities according to the fire occurrence position.
And determining the fire occurrence position according to the coordinate positions corresponding to the smoke sensing alarm and the temperature sensing alarm, and calling out personnel and fire-fighting facilities within 50 meters of the fire occurrence position from the background server.
The personnel determine the position and the statistical quantity through the bound UWB positioning tags;
the acquisition of the fire-fighting facility position: directly inquiring all fire-fighting facilities near the fire occurrence position in a background server through the fire occurrence position;
for example: if a fire disaster occurs at the smoke detector alarm 20, the fire fighting system of the thermal power plant sends the positioning coordinates of the smoke detector alarm 20 to the background calculation display module and displays the positioning coordinates on the three-dimensional map; meanwhile, people and fire-fighting facilities within 50 meters of the fire occurrence position are displayed on the three-dimensional map, and rescue is facilitated.
3-2, calculating an optimal escape route according to the position of the fire and the position of the personnel, sending the optimal escape route to the personnel near the position where the fire occurs, sending a vibration alarm prompt to a positioning tag carried by the personnel through a mobile phone APP, and informing the personnel of fast evacuation; the position of the fire and the optimal escape route as well as nearby fire-fighting facilities are checked through map software of the mobile phone.
And each person binding the positioning tag is provided with a specified A PP of the thermal power plant on a mobile phone.
And 3-3, after the fire alarm occurs, the system informs firefighters in the company through the APP, and the firefighters can quickly check the actual position of the fire through the mobile phone APP or the three-dimensional software and call, monitor and check the actual situation of the scene. The route guidance and navigation functions of the APP quickly reach the fire scene, and peripheral fire-fighting facilities are called and checked for scene rescue.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
after a fire occurs in the traditional fire management system, the traditional fire management system only rings, the specific occurrence position of the fire is not clear, and the best rescue opportunity can be missed. The invention can quickly check the fire position and peripheral fire-fighting facilities, and can also quickly call the camera to check the field situation. After a fire disaster occurs, except that the lamp of the emergency evacuation channel is lightened, the invention can indicate the optimal escape route and the nearby fire-fighting facilities. The invention can know the fire position and can quickly reach the fire position through navigation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the fire emergency method based on UWB positioning of the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1, firstly, constructing a three-dimensional safety control system in a thermal power plant; the three-dimensional safety management and control system comprises a positioning hardware system and a background calculation display module;
the UWB positioning hardware system is concretely realized as follows:
firstly, a certain number of positioning base stations, exciters and LoRa communication base stations are installed indoors or outdoors in power plants, buildings and the like; wherein location base station, exciter and loRa communication base station all connect the power, and loRa communication base station still connects the net twine.
The number of the positioning base stations is more than or equal to 3;
the positioning base station is arranged on a wall and a column indoors, and is arranged on a street lamp pole or an outer wall outdoors and can be also embedded with a vertical rod for installation;
the exciter is arranged at the upper and lower openings of the stairs and the inlet and outlet positions of the elevator;
secondly, binding the UWB positioning tag with personnel, articles and equipment, when the personnel, the articles and the equipment move in the range covered by the positioning hardware system, the UWB positioning tag continuously measures the distance with the surrounding UWB positioning base stations, simultaneously sending the distance measurement information to the LoRa communication base station by the UWB positioning tag, transmitting the LoRa communication base station to a background server through a wired network, and calculating a positioning coordinate 1 by the background server; however, the above method usually has poor precision of height coordinates, and jumps occur, and the floor position cannot be determined, so that the positioning in the three-dimensional space cannot be completed.
Then we add an exciter for accurate floor location. When personnel, articles and equipment carrying the UWB positioning tags pass through an exciter arranged at a stair opening position with known coordinates, the UWB positioning tags are excited, meanwhile, the positioning tags send the position coordinates of the exciter to a LoRa communication base station, the LoRa communication base station sends exciter excitation information (excitation point coordinates) to a background server, the background server determines which floor position the tags belong to through the exciter, and positioning in a three-dimensional space is realized by combining a positioning coordinate 1;
and finally, displaying the position through three-dimensional software at a computer end, so that three-dimensional positioning can be realized.
The background computing and displaying module:
the background computing and displaying module comprises a background server and a display terminal PC: the background server is responsible for receiving positioning base station ranging information and exciter excitation information sent by the LoRa communication base station and calculating a positioning result. And the display terminal PC adopts Unity software as a display platform to operate the three-dimensional model, and displays a positioning result on the three-dimensional map to realize the positioning of the three-dimensional space.
The coordinate position of each fire-fighting facility of the whole thermal power plant is recorded in a background server;
step 2, the ModBus is in butt joint with a fire-fighting system of the thermal power plant
An LPI-ModBus (thermal power plant fire protection system converter) is additionally arranged on an existing thermal power plant fire protection system, and then the LPI-ModBus is converted into a network protocol through a ModBus-TCP conversion module and then the network protocol is accessed into a three-dimensional safety management and control system. Therefore, when fire occurs, the system can receive alarm information and alarm positions.
The fire-fighting system of the thermal power plant comprises a smoke-sensitive alarm, a temperature-sensitive alarm and coordinate positions corresponding to the smoke-sensitive alarm and the temperature-sensitive alarm;
the model of the LPI-ModBus converter is USR-N520.
And 3, realizing fire evacuation rescue by combining the UWB accurate positioning technology with fire management.
And 3-1, calculating nearby personnel and fire-fighting facilities according to the fire occurrence position.
And determining the fire occurrence position according to the coordinate positions corresponding to the smoke sensing alarm and the temperature sensing alarm, and calling out personnel and fire-fighting facilities within 50 meters of the fire occurrence position from the background server.
The personnel determine the position and the statistical quantity through the bound UWB positioning tags;
the acquisition of the fire-fighting facility position: directly inquiring all fire-fighting facilities near the fire occurrence position in a background server through the fire occurrence position;
for example: if a fire disaster occurs at the smoke detector alarm 20, the fire fighting system of the thermal power plant sends the positioning coordinates of the smoke detector alarm 20 to the background calculation display module and displays the positioning coordinates on the three-dimensional map; meanwhile, people and fire-fighting facilities within 50 meters of the fire occurrence position are displayed on the three-dimensional map, and rescue is facilitated.
3-2, calculating an optimal escape route according to the position of the fire and the position of the personnel, sending the optimal escape route to the personnel near the position where the fire occurs, sending a vibration alarm prompt to a positioning tag carried by the personnel through a mobile phone APP, and informing the personnel of fast evacuation; the position of the fire and the optimal escape route as well as nearby fire-fighting facilities are checked through map software of the mobile phone.
Every personnel who binds the location label, appointed APP of thermal power plant is all installed to its cell-phone.
And 3-3, after the fire alarm occurs, the system informs firefighters in the company through the APP, and the firefighters can quickly check the actual position of the fire through the mobile phone APP or the three-dimensional software and call, monitor and check the actual situation of the scene. The route guidance and navigation functions of the APP quickly reach the fire scene, and peripheral fire-fighting facilities are called and checked for scene rescue.
Further, the emergency system realized by the method comprises a sensing layer, a network layer, a resolving layer and an application layer:
a sensing layer: the sensing layer comprises a positioning label, a positioning anchor point (also called a positioning base station) and an exciter. The positioning label and the positioning anchor point (also called positioning base station) are subjected to real-time ranging through a UWB channel, and ranging information is uploaded to the communication base station through a LoRa 2.4G wireless network.
Network layer: the network layer comprises a communication base station, a switch and a physical isolation network gate. The communication base station gathers the ranging information to the switch through the isolation gatekeeper/the firewall and transmits the ranging information to the intranet server through the Ethernet.
Resolving a layer: the resolving layer is provided with a resolving platform and a database on the server and is mainly used for storing and calculating data reported by the acquisition terminal to obtain the physical position coordinates.
An application layer: the application layer is mainly responsible for the interface of the input of basic information and data display. The displayed information comprises map display, personnel icon and position display, various alarm information, various query result display, various classified statistical information display and the like.
The invention can display the fire-fighting materials: and displaying the fire extinguisher, the fire hydrant and the emergency fire-fighting material at the corresponding positions of the three-dimensional map according to the actual positions of the scene, and clicking to transfer nearby monitors for remote inspection.
After the fire alarm system is connected, when fire alarm occurs, alarm information is displayed at the corresponding position of the smoke alarm on the three-dimensional map, and peripheral personnel and fire-fighting facilities are displayed at the same time.
After a fire alarm occurs, the mobile phone APP can inform nearby people of rapid evacuation through the mobile phone APP according to the fire alarm position, and sends vibration alarm reminding to positioning tags carried by the people. The scene personnel can check the position of the fire and the optimal escape route through the two-dimensional map of the mobile phone APP, and nearby fire-fighting facilities.
Claims (6)
1. A fire-fighting emergency method based on UWB positioning is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, firstly, constructing a three-dimensional safety control system in a thermal power plant; the three-dimensional safety management and control system comprises a positioning hardware system and a background calculation display module;
step 2, the three-dimensional safety management and control system is in butt joint with a fire fighting system of the thermal power plant through a ModBus;
and 3, realizing fire evacuation rescue by combining the UWB accurate positioning technology with fire management.
2. A fire emergency method based on UWB positioning according to claim 1, wherein the UWB positioning hardware system in step 1 is implemented as follows:
firstly, installing a positioning base station, an exciter and a LoRa communication base station indoors and outdoors in a power plant and a building according to requirements; the positioning base station, the exciter and the LoRa communication base station are all connected with a power supply, and the LoRa communication base station is also connected with a network cable;
the number of the positioning base stations is more than or equal to 3;
the positioning base station is arranged on a wall and a column indoors, and is arranged on a street lamp pole or an outer wall outdoors and can be also embedded with a vertical rod for installation;
the exciter is arranged at the upper and lower openings of the stairs and the inlet and outlet positions of the elevator;
secondly, binding the UWB positioning tag with personnel, articles and equipment, when the personnel, the articles and the equipment move in the range covered by the positioning hardware system, the UWB positioning tag continuously measures the distance with the surrounding UWB positioning base stations, simultaneously sending the distance measurement information to the LoRa communication base station by the UWB positioning tag, transmitting the LoRa communication base station to a background server through a wired network, and calculating a positioning coordinate 1 by the background server; however, the above method usually has poor precision of height coordinates, and can cause jumping, and the floor position cannot be determined, so that the positioning of a three-dimensional space cannot be completed;
then, we add an exciter for accurate floor location; when personnel, articles and equipment carrying the UWB positioning tags pass through an exciter arranged at a stair opening position with known coordinates, the UWB positioning tags are excited, meanwhile, the positioning tags send the position coordinates of the exciter to a LoRa communication base station, the LoRa communication base station sends excitation information of the exciter to a background server, the background server determines which floor position the tags belong to through the exciter, and positioning in a three-dimensional space is realized by combining a positioning coordinate 1;
and finally, displaying the position through three-dimensional software at a computer end, so that three-dimensional positioning can be realized.
3. A fire emergency method based on UWB positioning according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the background computing and displaying module in step 1 is implemented as follows:
the background computing and displaying module comprises a background server and a display terminal PC: the background server is responsible for receiving positioning base station ranging information and exciter excitation information sent by the LoRa communication base station and calculating a positioning result; the display terminal PC adopts Unity software as a display platform to run a three-dimensional model, and displays a positioning result on a three-dimensional map to realize the positioning of a three-dimensional space;
and the coordinate position of each fire-fighting facility of the whole thermal power plant is recorded in a background server.
4. A fire emergency method based on UWB positioning according to claim 3, characterized in that step 2 is implemented as follows:
an LPI-ModBus-to-thermal power plant fire-fighting system converter is additionally arranged on an existing thermal power plant fire-fighting system, and then the LPI-ModBus-to-thermal power plant fire-fighting system converter is converted into a network protocol through a ModBus-to-TCP module and then is accessed into a three-dimensional safety management and control system; after a fire disaster occurs, the three-dimensional safety control system receives alarm information and an alarm position;
the fire-fighting system of the thermal power plant comprises a smoke-sensitive alarm, a temperature-sensitive alarm and coordinate positions corresponding to the smoke-sensitive alarm and the temperature-sensitive alarm.
5. A fire emergency method based on UWB positioning according to claim 4, characterized in that step 3 is implemented as follows:
3-1, calculating nearby personnel and fire-fighting facilities according to the position of the fire;
determining the fire occurrence position according to the coordinate positions corresponding to the smoke-sensitive alarm and the temperature-sensitive alarm, and calling out personnel and fire-fighting facilities within 50 meters of the fire occurrence position from the background server;
the personnel determine the position and the statistical quantity through the bound UWB positioning tags;
the acquisition of the fire-fighting facility position: directly inquiring all fire-fighting facilities near the fire occurrence position in a background server through the fire occurrence position;
3-2, calculating an optimal escape route according to the position of the fire and the position of the personnel, sending the optimal escape route to the personnel near the position where the fire occurs, sending a vibration alarm prompt to a positioning tag carried by the personnel through the APP on the mobile phone, and informing the personnel of fast evacuation; checking the position of the fire and the optimal escape route and nearby fire-fighting facilities through map software of the mobile phone;
3-3, after the fire alarm occurs, the system informs firefighters in a company through the APP, and the firefighters can quickly check the actual position of the fire through the mobile phone APP or the three-dimensional software and call, monitor and check the actual situation of the site; the route guidance and navigation functions of the APP quickly reach the fire scene, and peripheral fire-fighting facilities are called and checked for scene rescue.
6. A fire emergency method based on UWB positioning according to claim 5, wherein each person binding the positioning tag is installed with a thermal power plant specific APP on his mobile phone.
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