CN112763424A - Enzyme-free glucose detection sensor and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Enzyme-free glucose detection sensor and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an enzyme-free glucose detection sensor and a manufacturing method thereof. The sensor comprises a grating, a broadband light source and a spectrometer, wherein the broadband light source is connected with one end of the grating, the other end of the grating is connected with the spectrometer, the grating is used for allowing a dropped solution containing glucose to serve as a carrier, the grating is a spiral long-period grating, tetraenylphenylboronic acid is polymerized on the grating, and the spectrometer is used for observing the central wavelength drift condition. Compared with the prior art, the enzyme-free glucose detection sensor has the advantages of low cost, high detection sensitivity to glucose solution and high detection precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of glucose detection devices, in particular to an enzyme-free glucose detection sensor based on a spiral long-period grating and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The glucose sensor for detecting the glucose content has great research prospect because the glucose sensor can detect the glucose in the blood of a human body and analyze the concentration of the glucose, and can diagnose, treat and control the health and diseases of the human body. The existing glucose sensor is divided into an enzyme sensor and an enzyme-free sensor according to whether enzyme substances are used or not, wherein the enzyme sensor catalyzes a substrate by using enzyme, and then detects the glucose by detecting the enzyme consumption or detecting a converted substance, and has the characteristics of high efficiency, mild catalytic process, high sensitivity and good selectivity, but the activity of the enzyme in the enzyme sensor is easily interfered by the outside world, therefore, the enzyme-free sensor appears, the enzyme-free sensor electrochemically oxidizes the glucose by a metal electrode, quantitatively detects the glucose by measuring current response, the existing enzyme-free sensor detects the concentration of a glucose solution by using tetraenylphenylboronic acid instead of the glucose oxidase as an identification substance, and the glucose oxidase reacts with the glucose in a unidirectional way and has no repeatability, which means that the detection needs to be prepared again once, is not beneficial to the experimental comparison. And the kit has strict requirements on environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity and the like, can only survive under acidic conditions, and cannot be detected under a normal temperature environment of a human body, so that the detection cost is high, and the detection environment is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the enzyme-free glucose detection sensor based on the spiral long-period grating and the manufacturing method thereof, and the sensor is low in cost, low in sensitivity to detection environment and high in detection precision.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the non-enzyme glucose detection sensor comprises a grating, a broadband light source and a spectrometer, wherein the broadband light source is connected with one end of the grating, the other end of the grating is connected with the spectrometer, the grating is used for allowing a dropped glucose-containing solution to serve as a carrier, the grating is a high-spiral long-period grating and is covered with phenylboronic acid, and the spectrometer is used for observing the central wavelength drift condition.
The invention also utilizes a spiral long period grating prepared by a carbon dioxide laser. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing an enzyme-free glucose detection sensor, comprising the steps of:
a. manufacturing a spiral long-period grating;
b. preparing tetraenylphenylboronic acid;
c. the broadband light source, the grating and the spectrometer are assembled and connected.
Preferably, the manufacturing steps of the spiral long period grating of step a are as follows:
a-1, adjusting a processing light source:
taking pulse laser of a carbon dioxide laser as a heat source, adjusting the output power of the pulse laser between 0W and 10W, enabling the laser beam to enter a power attenuator, enabling the laser beam to pass through the power attenuator, then reflecting the laser beam by a scanning galvanometer and focusing the laser beam by a ZnSe lens, and finally focusing the laser beam on an optical fiber to form a light spot with the diameter d of 50 mu m;
a-2, fiber rotation:
when the laser beam scans and heats the optical fiber, controlling the optical fiber twisting device to twist the optical fiber, so that a laser beam optical fiber heating area forms a grating HLPG in a rotating area;
a-3, real-time monitoring:
the transmission condition of the HLPG is monitored in real time by a broadband laser light source and a spectrum analyzer, and the appearance change condition of the HLPG is observed in real time by a microscope (CCD) so as to observe whether the optical fiber is physically damaged or broken.
Preferably, the preparation of the tetravinyl phenyl boronic acid of the step b comprises the following steps:
b-1, preparing a solution:
putting 0.6g +/-0.01 g of 4-vinyl phenylboronic acid powder into a three-neck flask, injecting 2-8ml of DMF, and uniformly stirring;
b-2, grating soaking:
immersing the silanized grating into a three-neck flask, wherein two ends of the grating respectively come out of the left opening and the right opening of the three-neck flask and are fixed, and then sealing the grating by using a rubber plug; weighing 0.03g of AIBN powder in a single-mouth bottle, measuring 1-3ml of DMF by using a liquid transfer gun to dissolve the AIBN powder, and then sealing the AIBN powder by using a rubber plug;
b-3.N2 purification:
introducing N into 4-vinyl phenylboronic acid-DMF solution in an oil bath at the temperature of 50-70 DEG C2Purifying for 20-30 min; at the same time, the AIBN-DMF solution is added in 50-Purifying by introducing N2 into oil bath at 70 deg.C for 10-15 min;
b-4. polymerization: taking out 150 mu L of AIBN-DMF solution by using a liquid transfer gun, quickly injecting the solution into the 4-vinylphenylboronic acid-DMF solution, polymerizing for 1-3 hours until the transparent liquid in the bottle becomes viscous light yellow jelly and the grating area is completely covered.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious and prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable advantages:
1. the phenylboronic acid serving as a boric acid compound containing benzene rings can be reversibly synthesized into boric acid ester with polyhydroxy substances such as glycolipids, sugars, nucleotides, glycoprotein and the like, can be reversibly reacted with glucose in a human body environment, and can be degraded into environment-friendly boric acid due to good stability and high reaction activity of the phenylboronic acid compound; the method has the advantages that the concentration of the glucose solution is detected by using the phenylboronic acid, so that the sensitivity of the method to the detection environment is lower, the anti-interference performance is higher, the method is suitable for rapid detection in a normal-temperature environment, and compared with a sensor using glucose oxidase, the sensitivity of the method is in the same order of magnitude, and meanwhile, the method has unique repeatability and can effectively reduce the detection cost;
2. because the refractive index sensitivity of the common long-period grating is relatively low, the small-diameter single-mode fiber has the defects of easy breakage, poor stability and the like, the B/Ge bimodal grating and the special composite material are complex to prepare; therefore, the invention improves the precision of the detection efficiency by using the spiral long-period grating with relatively high refractive index sensitivity as the detection carrier.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the enzyme-free glucose test sensor of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of transmission rate changes at different wavelength frequencies using the present invention to detect glucose at different concentrations.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the wavelength frequency change of glucose at different concentrations under the same light source.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the first embodiment is as follows:
in this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, an enzyme-free glucose detection sensor includes a grating 3, a broadband light source 1 and a spectrometer 6, the broadband light source 1 is connected to one end of the grating 3, the other end of the grating 3 is connected to the spectrometer 6, the grating is used for allowing a dropped glucose-containing solution to serve as a carrier, the grating is a high-spiral long-period grating, and the grating is covered with a phenylboronic acid spectrometer for observing the central wavelength drift condition.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a broadband light source 1, a grating 3 and a spectrometer 6 connected in sequence, wherein the middle part of the grating for attaching liquid is located in the middle, and the front end and the rear end of the grating fiber 3 are jacked up by jacking blocks 2 and 4 to avoid contacting the lower plane. And hanging a 3g weight 5 behind the top block 4 to straighten the optical fiber and connect the optical fiber with the spectrometer in an assembling way. The invention uses the phenylboronic acid to detect the concentration of the glucose solution, so that the invention has lower sensitivity to the detection environment, stronger anti-interference performance and is suitable for rapid detection in the normal temperature environment, and compared with a sensor using glucose oxidase, the sensitivity of the invention is in the same order of magnitude, and the invention has unique repeatability and can effectively reduce the detection cost.
Example two:
in this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a method for manufacturing a non-enzymatic glucose sensor according to an embodiment comprises the following steps:
a. manufacturing a spiral long-period grating;
b. preparing tetravinyl benzene boric acid;
c. the broadband light source, the grating and the spectrometer are assembled and connected.
The invention uses the spiral long period grating with relatively high refractive index sensitivity as the detection carrier, improves the precision of the detection efficiency, and has simple method and easy operation.
Example three:
this embodiment is basically the same as the second embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in this embodiment, the method for manufacturing the enzyme-free glucose detection sensor includes the following steps:
step a, manufacturing a spiral long-period grating:
the carbon dioxide laser integral grating forming equipment comprises a laser system, a torsion power device and a real-time monitoring device, and the manufacturing steps of the spiral long-period grating are as follows:
a-1, adjusting a processing light source:
the method is characterized in that pulse laser of a carbon dioxide laser is used as a heat source, the output power of the carbon dioxide laser is adjusted between 0W and 10W, a laser beam enters a power attenuator, and the power attenuator is used for improving the stability of the output power of the laser, preventing energy fluctuation and being beneficial to forming a stable temperature field. Laser beams pass through a power attenuator, are reflected by a scanning galvanometer and focused by a ZnSe lens, and are finally focused on an optical fiber to form a light spot with the diameter d of about 50 mu m; the spot is controllable by the apparatus to move freely in the range of 5cm x 5cm in the focal plane;
a-2, fiber rotation:
when the laser beam scans and heats the optical fiber, controlling the optical fiber twisting device to twist the optical fiber, so that a laser beam optical fiber heating area forms a grating HLPG in a rotating area; the helical long period grating HLPG is developed based on multimode fiber (SMF), the structure of the grating belongs to a single-helix symmetrical structure, the period of the grating is equal to the pitch of a helical structure, and the number of turns of fiber torsion determines the period of the HLPG;
a-3, real-time monitoring:
monitoring the transmission condition of the HLPG in real time by using a broadband laser light source and a spectrum analyzer, and simultaneously observing the appearance change condition of the HLPG in real time through a microscope (CCD) to observe whether the optical fiber is physically damaged or broken;
step b, preparation of tetraethylene phenyl boric acid:
b-1, cleaning the container:
firstly, preparing a three-neck flask with the capacity of 250ml, a single-neck flask with the capacity of 50ml and a plurality of 250ml beakers, and completing cleaning through the steps of soaking in KOH solution, shaking, washing and drying for later use;
b-2. equipment preparation:
opening 2 magnetic heating stirrers, and adjusting the target temperature to be 50-80 ℃ at a rotation speed of 200-; turning on a switch of the electronic scale and zeroing;
b-3, preparing a solution:
putting 0.6g +/-0.01 g of 4-vinyl phenylboronic acid powder into a three-neck flask, injecting 2-8ml of DMF, and uniformly stirring;
b-4, grating soaking:
immersing the silanized grating into a three-neck flask, ensuring that a grating area is completely immersed in the solution and does not touch the bottom, and enabling two ends of the grating to respectively come out from the left opening and the right opening of the three-neck flask, fixing the grating by using single-sided glue, and sealing by using a rubber plug; weighing 0.03g of AIBN powder in a single-mouth bottle, measuring 1-3ml of DMF by using a liquid transfer gun to dissolve the AIBN powder, and then sealing the AIBN powder by using a rubber plug;
b-5.N2 purification:
introducing N2 into 4-vinylphenylboronic acid-DMF solution in an oil bath at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for purification for 20-30 minutes so as to remove air in the bottle; simultaneously introducing N2 into the AIBN-DMF solution in an oil bath at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for purification for 10-15 minutes;
b-6. polymerization:
taking out 150 mu L of AIBN-DMF solution by using a liquid transfer gun, quickly injecting the solution into the 4-vinylphenylboronic acid-DMF solution, polymerizing for 1 to 3 hours until the transparent liquid in the bottle becomes viscous light yellow jelly and the grating area is completely covered;
c. the broadband light source, the grating and the spectrometer are assembled and connected.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the transmittance change at different wavelength frequencies when glucose is detected at different concentrations using the enzyme-free glucose sensor prepared by the method of this example. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the wavelength frequency change of glucose at different concentrations under the same light source. In the method, the phenylboronic acid is used for detecting the concentration of the glucose solution, so that the sensitivity of the method to the detection environment is low, the anti-interference performance is high, the method is suitable for rapid detection in a normal-temperature environment, and compared with a sensor using glucose oxidase, the sensitivity of the method is in the same order of magnitude, and the method has unique repeatability and can effectively reduce the detection cost; according to the method, the spiral long-period grating with relatively high refractive index sensitivity is used as the detection carrier, so that the precision of the detection efficiency is improved.
The working principle of the enzyme-free glucose detection sensor in the embodiment is as follows:
the phenylboronic acid compound and glucose undergo a swelling reaction under the condition of an alkaline solution, and after the glucose and the dissociated phenylboronic acid are combined into a stable compound, the dissociation equilibrium is shifted, so that the dissociated phenylboronic acid is increased, and further the reaction with the glucose is realized. Therefore, when the phenylboronic acid polymer film is placed in an environment without glucose, the groups mainly exhibit hydrophobic effect, so that the film is in a shrinkage state, when the film is placed in an environment containing glucose, the dissociated phenylboronic acid groups and the glucose are mutually reacted with each other along with the increase of the concentration of the glucose, the hydrophilicity is enhanced, and the whole phenylboronic acid polymer film has better hydration effect and further swells. In a solution with a high glucose concentration, the higher the degree of reaction between the phenylboronic acid film on the surface of the long-period grating and glucose, the lower the refractive index of the phenylboronic acid film becomes, resulting in a change in the center wavelength of the finally collected spectrum, and the change in the glucose concentration is determined by detecting the shift in the center wavelength.
The sensor for detecting the glucose without the enzyme comprises a grating, a broadband light source and a spectrometer, wherein the broadband light source is connected with one end of the grating, the other end of the grating is connected with the spectrometer, the grating is used for allowing a dropped glucose-containing solution to serve as a carrier, the grating is a spiral long-period grating, tetraenylphenylboronic acid is polymerized on the grating, and the spectrometer is used for observing the drift condition of the central wavelength. Compared with the prior art, the enzyme-free glucose detection sensor has the advantages of low cost, high detection sensitivity to glucose solution and high detection precision.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope and spirit of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (4)
1. The enzyme-free glucose detection sensor comprises a grating (3), a broadband light source (1) and a spectrometer (6), and is characterized in that: broadband light source (1) connection grating (3) one end, and spectral analyser (6) is connected to grating (3) other end, and grating (3) are used for supplying the solution that drips into as the carrier that contains glucose, the grating is spiral long period grating, and has polymerized tetravinylphenylboronic acid on it, and spectral analyser (6) are used for observing the central wavelength drift condition.
2. A method of manufacturing the enzyme-free glucose detection sensor of claim 1, comprising the manufacturing steps of:
a. manufacturing a spiral long-period grating;
b. preparing tetravinyl benzene boric acid;
c. the broadband light source, the grating and the spectrometer are assembled and connected.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step a of manufacturing the spiral long period grating comprises the steps of:
a-1, adjusting a processing light source:
taking pulse laser of a carbon dioxide laser as a heat source, adjusting the output power of the pulse laser between 0W and 10W, enabling the laser beam to enter a power attenuator, enabling the laser beam to pass through the power attenuator, then reflecting the laser beam by a scanning galvanometer and focusing the laser beam by a ZnSe lens, and finally focusing the laser beam on an optical fiber to form a light spot with the diameter d of 50 mu m;
a-2, fiber rotation:
when the laser beam scans and heats the optical fiber, controlling the optical fiber twisting device to twist the optical fiber, so that a laser beam optical fiber heating area forms a grating HLPG in a rotating area;
a-3, real-time monitoring:
the transmission condition of the HLPG is monitored in real time by a broadband laser light source and a spectrum analyzer, and the appearance change condition of the HLPG is observed in real time by a microscope (CCD) so as to observe whether the optical fiber is physically damaged or broken.
4. The method of manufacturing an enzyme-free glucose sensor according to claim 2, wherein the tetravinylbenzeneboronic acid of the step b is prepared by the steps of:
b-1, preparing a solution:
putting 0.6g +/-0.01 g of 4-vinyl phenylboronic acid powder into a three-neck flask, injecting 2-8ml of DMF, and uniformly stirring;
b-2, grating soaking:
immersing the silanized grating into a three-neck flask, wherein two ends of the grating respectively come out of the left opening and the right opening of the three-neck flask and are fixed, and then sealing the grating by using a rubber plug; weighing 0.03g of AIBN powder in a single-mouth bottle, measuring 1-3ml of DMF by using a liquid transfer gun to dissolve the AIBN powder, and then sealing the solution by using a rubber plug;
b-3.N2 purification:
introducing N into 4-vinyl phenylboronic acid-DMF solution in an oil bath at the temperature of 50-70 DEG C2Purifying for 20-30 min; simultaneously introducing N2 into the AIBN-DMF solution in an oil bath at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for purification for 10-15 minutes;
b-4. polymerization: taking out the 150 mu LAIBN-DMF solution with the volume of 100 mu by using a pipette, quickly injecting the solution into the 4-vinylphenylboronic acid-DMF solution, polymerizing for 1 to 3 hours until the transparent liquid in the bottle becomes viscous light yellow jelly and the grating gate area is completely covered.
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