CN112762458A - Smoldering ignition optimization method for organic solid waste and smoldering furnace - Google Patents
Smoldering ignition optimization method for organic solid waste and smoldering furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN112762458A CN112762458A CN202011604941.8A CN202011604941A CN112762458A CN 112762458 A CN112762458 A CN 112762458A CN 202011604941 A CN202011604941 A CN 202011604941A CN 112762458 A CN112762458 A CN 112762458A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
- F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
- F23G2204/101—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel solid fuel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field related to solid waste treatment, and discloses a smoldering ignition optimization method for organic solid waste and a smoldering furnace, wherein the method comprises the following steps: before organic solid waste is added into a smoldering furnace, an auxiliary ignition material layer is laid at the bottom of the smoldering furnace and then ignited and smoldered, wherein the auxiliary ignition material layer is a mixture of auxiliary ignition fuel and a porous medium material, the ignition point of the auxiliary ignition fuel is less than 400 ℃, the water content is less than 15%, the ash content is less than 10%, and the heat value is more than 15 MJ/kg. This application is at first laid one deck auxiliary ignition material layer in the bottom of cloudy stove before the cloudy stove is packed into to treat organic solid useless, and this auxiliary ignition material layer does benefit to the ignition including the ignition is lower, the moisture content is less, the ash content is less and the great auxiliary ignition fuel of calorific value more, is showing the time that has reduced the smoldering and igniteed, has increased the economic nature of organic solid useless smoldering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field related to solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a smoldering ignition optimization method for organic solid waste and a smoldering furnace.
Background
The smoldering disposal technology is used for disposing high-water content (more than 60%) low-heat value (less than 1.6MJ/kg) organic solid waste, has the characteristic of directly realizing incineration disposal without continuously providing fuel or heat from the outside, and comprises three links of ignition and ignition, self-sustaining combustion and product treatment.
In the ignition and ignition process of the traditional smoldering disposal process, the material is directly heated to the ignition temperature by the bottom heating device and then is supplied with air to realize ignition. However, the high-water-content low-calorific-value organic solid waste has rich and complex sources and variable quality characteristics, great uncertainty is brought to the influence of the time of the early heating process, the preset ignition process temperature and the material characteristics of the material layer, the complexity and the operation difficulty of the smoldering process are increased, and the application and popularization are influenced; due to the low-flammability characteristic of the high-water-content low-calorific-value organic solid waste, the process time (2-4 h) from the material heating to the ignition temperature in the early stage is usually longer, the energy consumption cost of the smoldering treatment process is increased invisibly, and the overall economy of the process is reduced. Therefore, it is desirable to design a new smoldering ignition method to make the smoldering ignition process more efficient and reliable and to reduce the ignition cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides an organic solid waste smoldering ignition optimization method and a smoldering furnace, wherein before organic solid waste to be treated is loaded into the smoldering furnace, an auxiliary ignition material layer is laid at the bottom of the smoldering furnace, and the auxiliary ignition material layer comprises auxiliary ignition fuel with lower ignition point, lower water content, smaller ash content and larger heat value, so that the ignition is more facilitated, the smoldering ignition time is obviously reduced, and the organic solid waste smoldering economy is improved.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a smoldering ignition optimization method for organic solid wastes, the method comprising: before organic solid waste is added into a smoldering furnace, an auxiliary ignition material layer is laid at the bottom of the smoldering furnace and then ignited and smoldered, wherein the auxiliary ignition material layer is a mixture of auxiliary ignition fuel and a porous medium material, the ignition point of the auxiliary ignition fuel is less than 400 ℃, the water content is less than 15%, the ash content is less than 10%, and the heat value is more than 15 MJ/kg.
Preferably, the proportion of the auxiliary ignition fuel to the porous medium material is 1 to (1-6.5).
Preferably, the thickness of the auxiliary ignition material layer is 2-4 cm.
Preferably, the ignition assisting fuel is made of one or a mixture of sawdust, rice hulls, peat, paper scraps, cloth, oil sludge and straws, and the particle size of the ignition assisting fuel is smaller than 250 um.
Preferably, the porous medium material is sand or slag, and the particle size of the porous medium material is 0.5 mm-1.5 mm.
According to another aspect of the invention, the smoldering furnace for realizing the smoldering ignition optimization method for the organic solid waste is characterized by comprising an air supply layer, a first porous medium layer, a heating layer and a second porous medium layer from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the thickness of the heating layer is 3 cm-5 cm, and the thickness of the second porous medium layer is 0.5 cm-1 cm.
Preferably, the material of the first porous medium layer and the second porous medium layer is sand or slag.
Preferably, the particle size of the material of the first porous medium layer and the second porous medium layer is 0.5 mm-1.5 mm.
In general, compared with the prior art, the smoldering ignition optimization method and the smoldering furnace for organic solid waste provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. before organic solid waste to be treated is filled into a smoldering furnace, firstly, an auxiliary ignition material layer is laid at the bottom of the smoldering furnace, and the auxiliary ignition material layer is a mixture of auxiliary ignition fuel and a porous medium material, so that on one hand, the auxiliary ignition fuel has low ignition point, low water content, less ash content and large heat value and is easy to burn, on the other hand, the auxiliary ignition fuel is mixed with the porous medium to further increase the gap of the auxiliary ignition material layer, so that air can enter for supporting combustion, the ignition time and the ignition cost are obviously reduced, and the economy of smoldering ignition is improved;
2. the proportion of the auxiliary ignition fuel to the porous medium material is controlled to be 1: 1-6.5, so that on one hand, the auxiliary ignition fuel can play a role in accelerating ignition, and on the other hand, the porous medium can ensure appropriate gaps among auxiliary ignition fuel particles under the proportion, so that air can enter conveniently, and combustion can be facilitated and upward transmission of combustion heat can be facilitated;
3. the auxiliary ignition fuel is preferably prepared from cheap sawdust, rice hulls, peat, paper scraps, cloth, oil sludge or straws and the like, is industrial waste, does not greatly increase the economy of smoldering ignition, and can obviously reduce the time of smoldering ignition and improve the economy and efficiency;
4. the smoldering furnace in the application has a simple structure, and the porous medium layer in the smoldering furnace is sand and slag which are cheap and easy to obtain, is simple and easy to manufacture, and is convenient for industrial application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 schematically shows a smoldering furnace of the present embodiment for implementing the smoldering ignition optimization method of organic solid waste described above.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:
100-an air supply layer;
200-a first porous dielectric layer;
300-a heating layer;
400-a second porous dielectric layer;
500-auxiliary ignition material layer;
600-organic solid waste.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention provides a smoldering ignition optimization method for organic solid waste, which comprises the following steps:
before organic solid waste is added into a smoldering furnace, an auxiliary ignition material layer is laid at the bottom of the smoldering furnace and then ignited and smoldered, wherein the auxiliary ignition material layer is a mixture of auxiliary ignition fuel and a porous medium material, the ignition point of the auxiliary ignition fuel is less than 400 ℃, the water content is less than 15%, the ash content is less than 10%, and the heat value is more than 15 MJ/kg.
The auxiliary ignition fuel and the porous medium material are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 1-6.5. The thickness of the auxiliary ignition material layer is 2-4 cm.
The ignition assisting fuel is made of one or a mixture of sawdust, rice hulls, peat, paper scraps, cloth, oil sludge or straws, and the particle size of the ignition assisting fuel is smaller than 250 um.
The porous medium material is sand or slag, and the particle size of the porous medium material is preferably 0.5 mm-1.5 mm.
During ignition, firstly preparing the material of the auxiliary ignition material layer (namely the mixture of the auxiliary ignition material and the porous medium), and mixing the organic solid waste and the porous medium material; then laying an auxiliary ignition material layer in the existing smoldering furnace, and then laying a mixture of the mechanical solid waste and the porous medium material on the auxiliary ignition material layer, wherein the thickness of the mixture is controlled between 30cm and 200 cm. And then heating and air supplying are carried out on a heating layer of the smoldering furnace until all the mixture is subjected to a smoldering process at 400-600 ℃, and the air supplying is stopped.
Compared with the traditional smoldering ignition process, the ignition method has the advantages that the preheating time and the heating energy consumption are reduced by 75-87.5%, and the economical efficiency is remarkably improved.
Example 1
The organic solid waste to be treated in the application is municipal sludge with the water content of 78% and the dry base ash content of 23%. The auxiliary ignition fuel is sawdust with water content of 12%, dry-based ash content of 6% and heat value of 18 MJ/kg. The porous medium material is sand.
The proportion of the auxiliary ignition fuel to the porous medium material in the auxiliary ignition material layer is 1: 3.5.
The diameter of the smoldering furnace is 1.15m, the material of the second porous medium layer is sand, and the thickness is 1 cm.
And laying an auxiliary ignition material layer with the thickness of 4cm above the second porous medium layer. And a mixture of sludge and sand is filled above the auxiliary ignition material layer, and the filling thickness is more than 30 cm.
The power of the heating layer is 18kW, the heating is started at 400 ℃, air passes through the smoldering furnace after the heating is carried out for about 30min, the Darcy flow velocity of the air in the furnace is 3.3cm/s, the heating is stopped after the ventilation is carried out for 15min, and the air supply is continued until the smoldering is finished. Compared with the ignition heating time of directly filling the sludge and the sand, the process reduces 2.5h, and saves 45kWh of heating energy consumption.
Example 2
The organic solid waste to be treated in the application is municipal sludge with the water content of 78% and the dry base ash content of 23%. The auxiliary ignition fuel is sawdust with water content of 8%, dry base ash of 9% and heat value of 20 MJ/kg. The porous medium material is sand.
The proportion of the auxiliary ignition fuel to the porous medium material in the auxiliary ignition material layer is 1: 3.
The diameter of the smoldering furnace is 1.15m, the material of the second porous medium layer is sand, and the thickness is 1 cm.
And laying an auxiliary ignition material layer with the thickness of 3cm above the second porous medium layer. And a mixture of sludge and sand is filled above the auxiliary ignition material layer, and the filling thickness is more than 30 cm.
The power of the heating layer is 18KW, the heating is started at 400 ℃, air passes through the smoldering furnace after the heating is carried out for about 30min, the Darcy flow velocity of the air in the furnace is 3.3cm/s, the heating is stopped after the ventilation is carried out for 15min, and the air supply is continued until the smoldering is finished. Compared with the ignition heating time of directly filling the sludge and the sand, the process reduces 2.7h, and saves 48.6kWh of heating energy consumption.
Example 3
The organic solid waste to be treated in the application is municipal sludge with the water content of 78% and the dry base ash content of 23%. The auxiliary ignition fuel is shredded paper scraps with the water content of 3 percent, the dry base ash of 13 percent and the heat value of 15 MJ/kg. The porous medium material is sand.
The ratio of the auxiliary ignition fuel to the porous medium material in the auxiliary ignition material layer is 1: 1.
The diameter of the smoldering furnace is 1.15m, the material of the second porous medium layer is sand, and the thickness is 1 cm.
And laying an auxiliary ignition material layer with the thickness of 3cm above the second porous medium layer. And a mixture of sludge and sand is filled above the auxiliary ignition material layer, and the filling thickness is more than 30 cm.
The power of the heating layer is 18KW, the heating is started at 400 ℃, air passes through the smoldering furnace after the heating is carried out for about 30min, the Darcy flow velocity of the air in the furnace is 3.3cm/s, the heating is stopped after the ventilation is carried out for 15min, and the air supply is continued until the smoldering is finished. Compared with the ignition heating time of directly filling the sludge and the sand, the process reduces 2.8h, and saves 50.4kWh of heating energy consumption.
Example 4
The organic solid waste to be treated in the application is municipal sludge with the water content of 78% and the dry base ash content of 23%. The auxiliary ignition fuel is oil sludge with water content of 4.6%, ash content of 2.6% and heat value of 34 MJ/kg. The porous medium material is sand.
The proportion of the auxiliary ignition fuel to the porous medium material in the auxiliary ignition material layer is 1: 6.5.
The diameter of the smoldering furnace is 1.15m, the material of the second porous medium layer is sand, and the thickness is 1 cm.
And laying an auxiliary ignition material layer with the thickness of 4cm above the second porous medium layer. And a mixture of sludge and sand is filled above the auxiliary ignition material layer, and the filling thickness is more than 30 cm.
The power of the heating layer is 18KW, the heating is started at 400 ℃, air passes through the smoldering furnace after the heating is carried out for about 30min, the Darcy flow velocity of the air in the furnace is 3.3cm/s, the heating is stopped after the ventilation is carried out for 15min, and the air supply is continued until the smoldering is finished. Compared with the ignition heating time of directly filling the sludge and the sand, the process reduces by 2h, and saves the heating energy consumption by 36 kWh.
This application on the other hand provides a smoldering furnace for realizing above-mentioned organic solid useless smoldering ignition optimization method, the inside from the bottom up of smoldering furnace includes air feed layer 100, first porous dielectric layer 200, zone of heating 300 and second porous dielectric layer 400 in proper order, wherein, the thickness of zone of heating 300 is 3cm ~ 5cm, the thickness of second porous dielectric layer 400 is 0.5cm ~ 1 cm.
The upper part of the second porous medium layer 400 is used for laying the auxiliary ignition material layer 500, and the upper part of the auxiliary ignition material layer is used for adding the organic solid waste 600. The moisture content of organic solid waste in the application can be more than 60%. The organic solid waste can be further preferably a mixture of the organic solid waste and a porous medium material, the proportion of the mixture is preferably 1 to (3-6.5), and the thickness is 30-200 cm.
The materials of the first porous medium layer 200 and the second porous medium layer 400 are sand or slag.
The particle size of the material of the first porous medium layer 200 and the second porous medium layer 400 is 0.5mm to 1.5 mm.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A smoldering ignition optimization method for organic solid waste, characterized in that the method comprises:
before organic solid waste is added into a smoldering furnace, an auxiliary ignition material layer is laid at the bottom of the smoldering furnace and then ignited and smoldered, wherein the auxiliary ignition material layer is a mixture of auxiliary ignition fuel and a porous medium material, the ignition point of the auxiliary ignition fuel is less than 400 ℃, the water content is less than 15%, the ash content is less than 10%, and the heat value is more than 15 MJ/kg.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the ignition-assisting fuel and porous media material are present in a ratio of 1: (1-6.5).
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the ignition aid material layer is 2-4 cm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the ignition aid fuel is one or a mixture of sawdust, rice hulls, peat, paper scraps, cloth, oil sludge and straws, and the particle size of the ignition aid fuel is less than 250 um.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the porous media material is sand or slag and has a particle size of 0.5mm to 1.5 mm.
6. The smoldering furnace for realizing the smoldering ignition optimization method for the organic solid waste of any one of claims 1-5 is characterized by comprising an air supply layer (100), a first porous medium layer (200), a heating layer (300) and a second porous medium layer (400) from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the thickness of the heating layer (300) is 3 cm-5 cm, and the thickness of the second porous medium layer (400) is 0.5 cm-1 cm.
7. The smoldering furnace of claim 6, characterized in that the material of said first and second layers of porous media (200, 400) is sand or slag.
8. The smoldering furnace of claim 7, characterized in that a grain size of a material of said first porous medium layer (200) and said second porous medium layer (400) is 0.5 mm-1.5 mm.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011604941.8A CN112762458A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Smoldering ignition optimization method for organic solid waste and smoldering furnace |
| PCT/CN2021/095706 WO2022142090A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-25 | Method for optimizing smoldering ignition of organic solid waste, and smoldering furnace |
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| CN202011604941.8A CN112762458A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Smoldering ignition optimization method for organic solid waste and smoldering furnace |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN113441533A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-09-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for accelerating waste stone to form soil by utilizing coal gangue |
| WO2022142090A1 (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-07 | 华中科技大学 | Method for optimizing smoldering ignition of organic solid waste, and smoldering furnace |
| CN117072980A (en) * | 2023-09-01 | 2023-11-17 | 北京华能长江环保科技研究院有限公司 | Smoldering furnace capable of stably burning |
| CN117072980B (en) * | 2023-09-01 | 2024-07-12 | 北京华能长江环保科技研究院有限公司 | Smoldering furnace capable of stably burning |
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Application publication date: 20210507 |