CN112761646A - Non-circular tunnel boring machine, breaker for entry driving machine - Google Patents
Non-circular tunnel boring machine, breaker for entry driving machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112761646A CN112761646A CN202011538678.7A CN202011538678A CN112761646A CN 112761646 A CN112761646 A CN 112761646A CN 202011538678 A CN202011538678 A CN 202011538678A CN 112761646 A CN112761646 A CN 112761646A
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/03—Driving non-circular tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1086—Drives or transmissions specially adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
- E21D9/124—Helical conveying means therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the field of tunnelling apparatus with drilling or cutting tools. The invention protects a noncircular tunnel boring machine and a crushing device for a boring machine, wherein the crushing device for the boring machine comprises a device base, a crushing head, a driving device and a spiral slag discharging structure for conveying slag soil from back to front to realize forward slag discharging; the driving device is used for driving the crushing head to rotate; the crushing head is provided with the spiral deslagging structure, and/or the crushing head is connected with a crushing rod, the crushing rod is connected with the crushing head and a driving device, and the spiral deslagging structure is arranged on the periphery of the crushing rod or the periphery of the crushing rod. Sediment soil in the soil storehouse can be carried forward through the spiral sediment structure, then under the pressure effect sediment soil to disperse flow all around, and then can make sediment soil to row's cinder notch motion, arrange the sediment structure through the spiral and apply extruded effort to the sediment soil in the soil storehouse, prevent that the sediment soil jamming from piling up, be favorable to the smooth discharge of sediment soil, improved the discharge efficiency of sediment soil.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of tunnelling apparatus with drilling or cutting tools.
Background
A tunnel with a circular section can be excavated by adopting an excavator with a whole circular cutter head, the area swept by the cutter head rotating around a central shaft is the cross section of the circular tunnel, and a tunnel section is excavated by adopting a non-circular tunnel excavator with a plurality of circular cutter heads for tunnels with rectangular sections, horseshoe-shaped sections or other special-shaped sections (non-circular sections). The area swept by the multi-cutter head in the excavation often cannot cover the whole tunnel section, the excavation rate of the multi-cutter head combination is generally 88% -90%, the area which cannot be covered by the multi-cutter head combination in the excavation is a cutter head excavation blind area, the excavation blind area has a large influence on the propelling speed of the heading machine, and the excavation efficiency of the heading machine is low.
Chinese patent with publication number CN202926334U discloses a push bench, which is one of the heading machines, wherein a shield body of the push bench is provided with a roller, and the roller is provided with a plurality of cutting tools for cutting blind areas, so as to reduce the blocking force of the blind areas on the push bench body and improve the excavation efficiency of the heading machine. A plurality of slag discharge ports are formed in the bottom of a rear side plate of a soil bin of a tunneling machine with balanced soil pressure. When the heading machine works, soil slag is easy to accumulate at the rear side of the soil bin, and the slag discharging efficiency is reduced. And adversely affects the driving means on the rear side of the drum, such as requiring higher sealing conditions for the driving means, thereby increasing the manufacturing cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a crushing device for a heading machine, which is used for solving the technical problem of lower slag discharge efficiency caused by serious accumulation of slag soil in a soil bin at the rear side of the soil bin in the process of excavating stratum by the existing heading machine; in addition, the invention also aims to provide a noncircular tunnel boring machine using the crushing device for the boring machine.
The technical scheme of the crushing device comprises the following steps:
the crushing device for the heading machine comprises:
the device base is configured on a rack of the heading machine;
the crushing head is rotatably arranged on the device base and is used for crushing the excavation blind area of the heading machine;
the driving device is positioned at the rear side of the crushing head and is used for driving the crushing head to rotate;
the spiral slag discharging structure is used for conveying slag soil from back to front to realize forward slag discharging;
the crushing head is provided with the spiral deslagging structure, and/or the crushing head is connected with a crushing rod, the crushing rod is connected with the crushing head and a driving device, and the spiral deslagging structure is arranged on the periphery of the crushing rod or the periphery of the crushing rod.
Has the advantages that: sediment soil in the soil storehouse can be carried forward through the spiral sediment structure, alleviates sediment soil and in the side pile behind the soil storehouse, reduces the adverse effect to drive arrangement, can be to dispersion flow all around after the sediment soil is carried forward, and then can make sediment soil accelerate to the motion of row's cinder notch, has alleviateed the jamming of sediment soil and has piled up, is favorable to the smooth discharge of sediment soil, has improved the discharge efficiency of sediment soil.
The spiral deslagging structure on the crushing head is further optimized, the spiral deslagging structure on the crushing head extends backwards to the crushing rod, or a crushing sleeve is fixed on the rear side of the crushing head and is positioned at the periphery of the crushing rod, the rear end of the crushing sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the device base, and the spiral deslagging structure on the crushing head extends backwards to the crushing sleeve.
Has the advantages that: the spiral is arranged the sediment structure and is extended backward, can act on more dregs, and is great to the dregs extrusion effort in the soil storehouse, further improves the discharge efficiency of dregs.
The spiral deslagging structure is further optimized, and comprises spiral deslagging blades which are spirally arranged from back to front.
Has the advantages that: the spiral deslagging blade is convenient to process and install.
The spiral slag discharging blade is further optimized, and a head crushing knife is arranged on the part, on the crushing head, of the spiral slag discharging blade.
Has the advantages that: the head crushing cutter can crush the excavation blind area.
Further optimizing the spiral slag discharging blade, wherein a sleeve part crushing knife is arranged at the part, positioned on the crushing sleeve, of the spiral slag discharging blade.
Has the advantages that: the sleeve part crushing cutter can perform secondary crushing on the residue soil, so that the subsequent residue soil is conveniently discharged.
The crushing rod is further optimized, a crushing sleeve is arranged on the periphery of the crushing rod, the front end of the crushing sleeve is fixed with the crushing head, and the rear end of the crushing sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the device base.
Has the advantages that: the crushing head is in running fit with the device base through the crushing sleeve, and the crushing head is stable in running and can bear large acting force.
The assembly relation of the crushing sleeve and the device base is further optimized, the device base comprises a base pipe extending from front to back, the crushing rod penetrates through the base pipe and then is connected with the driving device, and the crushing sleeve is rotatably sleeved at the front end of the base pipe.
Has the advantages that: through base pipe and broken cover suit together, base pipe simple structure is convenient for install.
The installation position of the driving device is further optimized, the device base comprises a base pipe extending forwards and backwards, and the driving device is fixed in the base pipe.
Has the advantages that: the setting is intraductal occupation space is littleer at the base, and the structure is compacter.
The installation position of the driving device is further optimized, and the driving device is fixed on the device base.
Has the advantages that: the driving device is fixed on the device base, so that the installation is convenient, and the transmission structure can be simplified.
The form of the drive device, which is a drive motor or a drive motor, is further optimized.
Has the advantages that: the driving motor or the driving motor has a simpler structure and low cost.
The crushing head is further optimized, and a nozzle for spraying water is arranged on the crushing head.
Has the advantages that: the broken head can be prevented from being wrapped by the dregs.
The crushing head is further optimized to be a cutting head, comprising a cutting knife for crushing the formation.
Has the advantages that: the breaking efficiency of the cutting head is higher.
The technical scheme of the non-circular tunnel boring machine comprises the following steps: the non-circular tunnel boring machine comprises a frame, a boring cutter head and a crushing device, wherein the frame comprises a boring machine partition plate arranged on the rear side of the boring cutter head, and the bottom of the boring machine partition plate is provided with a slag discharge port;
the crushing device comprises:
the device base is configured on a rack of the heading machine;
the crushing head is rotatably arranged on the device base and is used for crushing the excavation blind area of the heading machine;
the driving device is positioned at the rear side of the crushing head and is used for driving the crushing head to rotate;
the spiral slag discharging structure is used for conveying slag soil from back to front to realize forward slag discharging;
the crushing head is provided with the spiral deslagging structure, and/or the crushing head is connected with a crushing rod, the crushing rod is connected with the crushing head and a driving device, and the spiral deslagging structure is arranged on the periphery of the crushing rod or the periphery of the crushing rod.
Has the advantages that: lead to and arrange the sediment structure through the spiral and can carry the dregs in the soil storehouse forward, alleviate dregs and incline the heap behind the soil storehouse, reduce the adverse effect to drive arrangement, can be to dispersion flow all around after the dregs are carried forward, and then can make the dregs accelerate to the motion of row's cinder notch, it piles up to have alleviateed the jamming of dregs, is favorable to the smooth discharge of dregs, has improved the discharge efficiency of dregs.
The spiral deslagging structure on the crushing head is further optimized, the spiral deslagging structure on the crushing head extends backwards to the crushing rod, or a crushing sleeve is fixed on the rear side of the crushing head and is positioned at the periphery of the crushing rod, the rear end of the crushing sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the device base, and the spiral deslagging structure on the crushing head extends backwards to the crushing sleeve.
Has the advantages that: the spiral is arranged the sediment structure and is extended backward, can act on more dregs, and is great to the dregs extrusion effort in the soil storehouse, further improves the discharge efficiency of dregs.
The spiral deslagging structure is further optimized, and comprises spiral deslagging blades which are spirally arranged from back to front.
Has the advantages that: the spiral deslagging blade is convenient to process and install.
The spiral slag discharging blade is further optimized, and a head crushing knife is arranged on the part, on the crushing head, of the spiral slag discharging blade.
Has the advantages that: the head crushing cutter can crush the excavation blind area.
Further optimizing the spiral slag discharging blade, wherein a sleeve part crushing knife is arranged at the part, positioned on the crushing sleeve, of the spiral slag discharging blade.
Has the advantages that: the sleeve part crushing cutter can perform secondary crushing on the residue soil, so that the subsequent residue soil is conveniently discharged.
The crushing rod is further optimized, a crushing sleeve is arranged on the periphery of the crushing rod, the front end of the crushing sleeve is fixed with the crushing head, and the rear end of the crushing sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the device base.
Has the advantages that: the crushing head is in running fit with the device base through the crushing sleeve, and the crushing head is stable in running and can bear large acting force.
The assembly relation of the crushing sleeve and the device base is further optimized, the device base comprises a base pipe extending from front to back, the crushing rod penetrates through the base pipe and then is connected with the driving device, and the crushing sleeve is rotatably sleeved at the front end of the base pipe.
Has the advantages that: through base pipe and broken cover suit together, base pipe simple structure is convenient for install.
The installation position of the driving device is further optimized, the device base comprises a base pipe extending forwards and backwards, and the driving device is fixed in the base pipe.
Has the advantages that: the setting is intraductal occupation space is littleer at the base, and the structure is compacter.
The installation position of the driving device is further optimized, and the driving device is fixed on the device base.
Has the advantages that: the driving device is fixed on the device base, so that the installation is convenient, and the transmission structure can be simplified.
The form of the drive device, which is a drive motor or a drive motor, is further optimized.
Has the advantages that: the driving motor or the driving motor has a simpler structure and low cost.
The crushing head is further optimized, and a nozzle for spraying water is arranged on the crushing head.
Has the advantages that: the broken head can be prevented from being wrapped by the dregs.
The crushing head is further optimized to be a cutting head, comprising a cutting knife for crushing the formation.
Has the advantages that: the breaking efficiency of the cutting head is higher.
Furthermore, at least one crushing device is a crushing device arranged beside the slag discharging port on the left side or the right side of the slag discharging port.
Has the advantages that: the slag can be gathered to the slag discharging port by the crushing device beside the slag discharging port.
Furthermore, the left side and the right side of at least one slag discharging port are provided with slag discharging port side crushing devices, and the rotating directions of the conveying slag discharging structures of the bolts on the two slag discharging port side crushing devices on the left side and the right side of the same slag discharging port are opposite and used for gathering slag to the front side of the slag discharging port.
Has the advantages that: the left and right sides of the slag discharge port can be extruded to the slag discharge port, and the slag discharge efficiency is further improved.
The non-circular tunnel boring machine is further optimized and further comprises a crushing roller, the crushing roller is rotatably arranged on the boring machine frame and used for crushing an excavation blind area of the boring machine, the crushing roller comprises a barrel body and cutting teeth arranged on the barrel body, and the rotating axis of the crushing roller is perpendicular to the axis of a boring cutter head. The dead zone is excavated together through the combination of the crushing roller and the crushing head, and the tunneling efficiency is further improved.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a non-circular tunnel boring machine according to an embodiment 1 of the present invention;
figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a ripper disc in an embodiment 1 of the non-circular tunnel boring machine of the present invention;
figure 3 is a top plan view of a non-circular tunnel boring machine according to an embodiment 1 of the present invention;
figure 4 is a partial view of a non-circular tunnel boring machine according to an embodiment 1 of the present invention;
figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a crushing device in embodiment 1 of the non-circular tunnel boring machine of the present invention;
figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the crushing device in embodiment 2 of the non-circular tunnel boring machine of the present invention;
figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the crushing device in embodiment 3 of the non-circular tunnel boring machine of the present invention;
figure 8 is a schematic view of the mounting arrangement of the adjustment mechanism in embodiment 4 of the non-circular tunnel boring machine of the present invention;
figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the ripping cutterhead in a particular embodiment 5 of the non-circular tunnel boring machine of the present invention;
figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the ripping cutterhead and crushing drum in the particular embodiment 6 of the non-circular tunnel boring machine of the present invention;
in fig. 1 to 5: 1. a frame; 11. a tunneller partition plate; 111. a slag discharge port; 2. tunneling a cutter head; 21. hobbing cutters; 3. an auxiliary excavation device for a heading machine; 31. a mounting seat; 311. a support cylinder; 32. a crushing device; 321. a device base; 3211. a base tube; 32111. a front pipe section; 32112. a rear pipe section; 3212. a spherical hinge body; 3213. an annular projection; 322. a crushing head; 3221. a head crushing knife; 323. a drive device; 324. a breaking bar; 325. a crushing sleeve; 3251. a sealing plate; 3252. a sleeve crushing knife; 326. a spiral deslagging structure; 327. a spiral deslagging blade; 33. an adjustment mechanism; 331. adjusting the driving cylinder; 4. a bearing;
in fig. 6: 322. a crushing head; 3221. a spout; 324. a breaking bar; 3241. a water inlet channel; 5. rotating the water joint;
in fig. 7: 323. a drive device; 3211. a base tube;
in fig. 8: 331. adjusting the driving cylinder; 32. a crushing device; 311. a support cylinder;
in fig. 9: 2. tunneling a cutter head; 21. hobbing cutters;
in fig. 10: 2. tunneling a cutter head; 32. a crushing device; 6. a crushing roller; 61. a barrel; 62. and (4) cutting teeth.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships that are assumed to be orientations or positional relationships, and are used for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
The specific embodiment 1 of the non-circular tunnel boring machine of the invention:
the non-circular tunnel boring machine is applied to excavation of tunnels with rectangular sections, horseshoe-shaped sections or other special-shaped sections (non-circular sections).
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the non-circular tunnel boring machine includes a frame 1, a boring cutter head 2, and an auxiliary excavation device 3 for the boring machine, and the auxiliary excavation device 3 for the boring machine includes a mounting base 31 mounted on the frame 1, a crushing device 32, and an adjustment mechanism 33. The frame 1 includes a ripper bulkhead 11 disposed behind the ripper head 2. The mount 31 is fixed to the heading machine bulkhead 11.
The crushing apparatus 32 includes an apparatus base 321, a crushing head 322 rotatably disposed on the apparatus base 321, a driving device 323 for driving the crushing head 322 to rotate, and a crushing rod 324 for connecting the crushing head 322 and the driving device 323. The drive 323 is at the rear side of the crushing head 322, and the crushing rod 324 extends forwards and backwards.
The device base 321 ball pivot assembles on mount pad 31, device base 321 includes the base pipe 3211 of extending from beginning to end, base pipe 3211 includes preceding tube coupling 32111 and the back tube coupling 32112 of arranging from beginning to end in this embodiment, preceding tube coupling 32111 passes through the flange with back tube coupling 32112 and fixes, wherein be equipped with ball pivot 3212 on the mount pad on the back tube coupling 32112, ball pivot 3212 is half-and-half structure, be equipped with annular protrusion 3213 on the back tube coupling 32112, ball pivot 3212 is to the card on the annular protrusion of back tube coupling 32112, ball pivot 3212 is fixed a position with back tube coupling 32112 fore-and-aft direction after the welding completion, stability is better.
The crushing head 322 is used for crushing the excavation blind area of the heading machine, and the crushing head 322 is provided with a head crushing cutter 3221. The dead zone of the excavation of the heading machine is broken through the cutting knife, and the breaking efficiency is high. A crushing sleeve 325 is fixed on the rear side of the crushing head 322, the crushing sleeve 325 is positioned on the periphery of the crushing rod 324, and the rear end of the crushing sleeve 325 is rotatably sleeved on the device base 321. In this embodiment, the front end of the crushing sleeve 325 is welded to the crushing head 322, the rear end of the crushing sleeve 325 is rotatably sleeved on the front pipe joint 32111, a bearing 4 is arranged between the crushing sleeve 325 and the front pipe joint 32111, and the crushing sleeve 325 is rotatably assembled on the front pipe joint 32111 through the bearing. The rear end of the crushing sleeve 325 is provided with a sealing plate 3251, and the gap between the rear end of the crushing sleeve 325 and the front pipe joint 32111 is sealed by the sealing plate 3251 to prevent impurities from entering the crushing sleeve.
The crushing head 322 is provided with a spiral deslagging structure 326 which is used for conveying slag soil from back to front to realize forward deslagging. The spiral deslagging structure 326 extends backwards to the crushing sleeve 325, and the action range of the spiral deslagging structure is enlarged. The spiral slag discharging structure 326 includes a spiral slag discharging blade 327 fixed on the surface of the crushing head 322, the spiral slag discharging blade 327 is spirally arranged from back to front, a head crushing knife 3221 is disposed on a portion of the spiral slag discharging blade 327 on the crushing head 322, and a sleeve portion crushing knife 3252 is disposed on a portion of the spiral slag discharging blade 327 on the outer periphery of the crushing sleeve 325. The spiral slag discharging structure 326 discharges slag forwards, accumulation of the slag on the rear side of the soil bin is reduced, the slag moves around in a dispersing mode after being conveyed to a position close to the cutter head, movement of the slag to the slag discharging opening can be accelerated, and the slag is finally discharged through the slag discharging opening 111 in the partition plate 11 of the heading machine. The crushing head can swing left and right and up and down, and after the muck moves forwards, the crushing head 322 can push the muck to the slag discharge port 111 when swinging, so that the accumulation of muck at a position close to a partition plate of the heading machine is reduced.
The crushing rod 324 is fixed at its front end to the crushing head 322 and at its rear end to the output shaft of the drive. The crushing lever 324 is rotatably fitted in the base tube 3211. In this embodiment, a bearing 4 is disposed between the crushing rod 324 and the base tube 3211, so as to ensure the assembling accuracy of the crushing rod 324 and the base tube 3211, and to enable the crushing rod 324 to smoothly rotate relative to the base tube 3211. The driving device 323 is a driving motor that fixes one end of the base pipe 3211. In other embodiments, the drive motor may be a drive motor.
The adjusting mechanism 33 is used for applying force to the device base 321 to move the device base 321 when the crushing head 322 is driven by the driving device 323 so as to change the position of the crushing head 322 and clean the dead zone of excavation. The adjusting mechanism 33 includes an adjusting cylinder 331, and one end of the adjusting cylinder 331 is connected to the device base 321, and the other end is used for being connected to the mounting base 31. Three adjustment drive cylinders 331 are provided to enable the crushing head 322 to be movable in a plurality of directions. The crushing head can move up and down, left and right, the motion trail of the crushing head can also be circular, and the motion trail of the crushing head can be set according to the condition of the excavation blind area of the heading machine.
The piston rod of the adjusting driving cylinder 331 is hinged on the device base 321, and the cylinder body is hinged on the mounting seat 31, in this embodiment, the adjusting driving cylinder 331 is a hydraulic cylinder. The rear pipe segment 32112 of the device base 321 is provided with an ear plate on which the piston rod is hinged. The three adjusting driving cylinders 331 are arranged in a triangular shape, and the cutting head can move in multiple directions by controlling the extension and contraction of the three adjusting driving cylinders 331.
The mounting seat 31 is provided with a mounting structure for mounting the mounting seat 31 on the side of the heading machine bulkhead 11 facing away from the heading cutter head 2. The mounting seat 31 comprises a supporting cylinder 311 arranged on one side of the excavator partition 11 opposite to the excavating cutter head 2, a mounting structure is arranged on the supporting cylinder 311, a device base 321 is movably assembled on the supporting cylinder 311, in the embodiment, the mounting structure is the end surface of the supporting cylinder 311, and the supporting cylinder 311 is welded and fixed on the excavator partition 11.
The support tube 311 extends forward and rearward, the front end of the support tube 311 is fixed to the heading machine bulkhead 11, and the device mount 321 is mounted to the rear end of the support tube 311. In this embodiment, the left and right side walls of the supporting cylinder 311 are gradually away from the back to the front, and the upper and lower side walls are parallel, so that the opening of the supporting cylinder 311 at the end away from the partition board 11 of the heading machine is smaller than the opening at the end close to the partition board 11 of the heading machine, the moving range of the cutting head is enlarged, and the operation of cutting the cutting head is facilitated. In this embodiment, the lower side wall of the support cylinder is formed by a part of the frame of the heading machine, and in other embodiments, the support cylinder may be independently fixed to the frame. In other embodiments, the cross section of the support cylinder may also be circular according to actual needs, and the support cylinder is a trumpet-shaped cylinder in this case.
In order to ensure sealing, the rear end opening of the support cylinder is closed. The rear end of the supporting cylinder 311 is fixed with a fixing plate and a ball hinge seat fixed on the fixing plate, and the fixing plate, the ball hinge seat and the crushing device plug the rear end opening of the supporting cylinder. The spherical hinge seat comprises a front seat body and a rear seat body which are arranged in a front-back split mode, and the front seat body and the rear seat body are fixed through bolts. The spherical hinge body 3212 is adapted to the spherical hinge seat, the outer circumference of the spherical hinge body 3212 is spherical, and the device base 321 is in movable sealing fit with the spherical hinge seat.
Because the supporting cylinder 311 is arranged at the rear side of the partition board 11 of the tunneling machine, the crushing rod 324 is movably arranged in the supporting cylinder 311 when in use, so that the size of the soil bin in the front-back direction is not increased, the length of a rotating shaft at the rear side of the tunneling cutter head 2 is not increased, the tunneling cutter head 2 is not excessively overhung forwards, and the strength requirement on the rotating shaft of the tunneling cutter head 2 is reduced. The spiral deslagging structure is used for deslagging forwards, and the phenomenon that muck enters the supporting cylinder to affect the swing of the crushing head can be reduced.
Three slag discharge ports are arranged on the partition plate 11 of the heading machine, wherein the left side and the right side of the slag discharge port 111 in the middle are provided with the auxiliary excavation devices 3 for the heading machine. The left and right sides of the slag discharge port 111 can be pushed to the slag discharge port 111 and discharged by the auxiliary excavation devices 3 for the heading machine on both sides. The crushing devices on the left side and the right side of the slag discharging port 111 are slag discharging port side crushing devices, the spiral slag discharging structures on the two slag discharging port side crushing devices are opposite in rotation direction and used for gathering slag soil to the front side of the slag discharging port, and the slag discharging efficiency of the slag soil is improved. In other embodiments, the position of the crushing device can be adaptively adjusted according to different excavation dead zones. In other embodiments, the spiral directions of the spiral slag discharging structures on the crushing devices beside the two slag discharging ports can be the same.
In this embodiment, three of the crushing devices are arranged at the upper part of the soil bin, two of the crushing devices are arranged at the middle part of the soil bin, and the other two crushing devices are arranged at the bottom part of the soil bin. The two crushing devices arranged on the lower side are slag discharge opening side crushing devices which are arranged between the two slag discharge openings, so that crushing heads of the crushing devices are arranged, and slag can be more fully accumulated to the front side of the slag discharge opening by conveying slag discharge structures through bolts on the crushing heads.
In this embodiment, the heading machine is a soil pressure balance heading machine, the front side of the heading machine partition plate 11 is a soil bin, and the heading machine partition plate 11 forms a rear side plate of the soil bin.
In the embodiment, a plurality of tunneling cutterheads 2 are arranged in the tunneling machine, the tunneling cutterheads 2 are arranged in layers, three of the tunneling cutterheads are arranged in front, four of the tunneling cutterheads are arranged in back, the tunneling cutterheads 2 are in a cross spoke type, and hobs 21 are arranged on the spokes. The cutting head is arranged at the rear side of the tunneling cutter head 2 and at the excavation blind area of the tunneling machine cutter head, and the hob 21 mounted on the tunneling cutter head 2 can be suitable for hard rock strata.
In the embodiment 2 of the non-circular tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the structure of the non-circular tunnel boring machine in this embodiment is different from the above-mentioned embodiments in that, as shown in fig. 6, a nozzle 3221 for spraying water is provided on the crushing head 322, a water inlet passage 3241 communicated with the nozzle 3221 is provided in the crushing rod 324, a rotary water joint 5 is provided at the rear end of the crushing rod 324, an internal water passage of the rotary water joint 5 is communicated with the water inlet passage, the rotary water joint 5 is provided between the device base 321 and the crushing rod 324, and an external port of the rotary water joint extends out of the device base to be connected with an external flexible pipe.
The non-circular tunnel boring machine of the present invention in embodiment 3 differs from the above embodiments in that in this embodiment the drive 323 is fixed within the forward end of the base tube 3211 as shown in figure 7.
The non-circular tunnel boring machine according to embodiment 4 of the present invention differs from the above embodiments in that, as shown in fig. 8, in this embodiment, the adjustment driving cylinder 331 and the crushing device 32 are both disposed in the support cylinder 311, in this embodiment, the rear end of the support cylinder is closed, and the adjustment driving cylinder and the crushing device are both exposed in the soil bin, and at this time, the sealing requirements for the crushing device and the adjustment driving cylinder are high.
The non-circular tunnel boring machine according to the present invention of embodiment 5 differs from the above-described embodiments in that, as shown in fig. 9, the boring cutter head 2 of the boring machine according to the present invention is a meshing cutter head, each boring cutter head 2 is arranged on the same plane, and in that some of the large-diameter boring cutter head 2 spokes are provided with a hob 21, a scraper and a tearing knife. And the rest digging cutterheads 2 with smaller diameters are provided with scrapers.
The non-circular tunnel boring machine according to the present invention in embodiment 6 differs from the above embodiments in that, as shown in fig. 10, the non-circular tunnel boring machine further includes a crushing drum 6, the crushing drum 6 is rotatably disposed on the frame of the boring machine for crushing the excavation dead zone of the boring machine, the crushing drum 6 includes a cylindrical body 61 and cutting teeth 62 provided on the cylindrical body, and the rotation axis of the crushing drum 6 is perpendicular to the axis of the boring cutter head 2. A hydraulic motor is arranged in the crushing roller 6, and the crushing roller is driven to rotate by the hydraulic motor. In other embodiments, the crushing roller may also be driven by a motor, the axis of which extends back and forth, and the crushing roller is driven by a bevel gear.
The crushing drum 6 in this embodiment is provided in two instead of the two crushing devices provided in the middle in the above-described embodiment. In other embodiments, the number of crushing drums 6 can be adjusted arbitrarily, for example, one, three, four, etc. can be set according to actual needs.
The crushing devices 32 in this embodiment are provided with five, three at the top and two at the bottom.
The development machine in the implementation excavates the blind area jointly through the combination of the crushing roller 6 and the crushing head, and further improves the development efficiency.
The non-circular tunnel boring machine of embodiment 7 of the present invention differs from the above embodiments in that in this embodiment, the crushing head employs a crushing wheel, the axis of the crushing wheel is parallel to the axis of the cutter head, the outer peripheral surface of the crushing wheel is provided with a spiral slag discharge structure, and the front end surface of the crushing wheel is provided with crushing teeth for crushing excavation dead zones. At the moment, the crushing wheel is rotatably assembled on the device base, and the device base is directly fixed on the partition plate of the heading machine.
In other embodiments, the device base in embodiment 1 may also be directly fixed to the frame, and in this case, an adjusting mechanism is not required.
In other embodiments, the support cylinder may be a straight cylinder or an irregular cylinder structure.
In other embodiments, the crushing rod may extend out of the device base to be exposed, the crushing sleeve may not be arranged, and the spiral slag discharging structure may extend backwards to the outer circumferential surface of the crushing rod; in other embodiments, a spiral slag discharging structure can be arranged on the crushing rod or the crushing sleeve; of course, the crushing rod and the crushing head can be provided with spiral deslagging structures. In other embodiments, the spiral deslagging structure can also be formed by spirally arranged crushing blades. In other embodiments, the helical deslagging structure may be a helical groove cut in the crushing head.
In other embodiments, the driving device may be connected to the crushing rod through a flexible shaft, and the driving device may be disposed on the frame or the mounting seat.
In other embodiments, the crushing head may be in the shape of a roller or a ball head, and crushing teeth are arranged outside the ball head.
In other embodiments, the device base may be hingedly mounted to the mounting base by a pin, wherein the device base may be reciprocally swung in a set direction.
In other embodiments, the adjusting driving cylinders may be provided in plurality other than three, or two or one.
In other embodiments, the adjustment drive cylinder may be connected at one end to the ripper bulkhead and at the other end to the device base. In other embodiments, the adjusting driving cylinder can be connected to other suitable positions on the frame according to the layout condition inside the heading machine, and the other end of the adjusting driving cylinder is connected to the device base.
In other embodiments, the crushing rod is of unitary construction with the crushing head.
In other embodiments, the adjustment mechanism may also be an electric push rod. In other embodiments, the adjusting mechanism may further include a motor and a cam-link mechanism, the motor drives the cam, and then the cam drives the link, and the link is hinged to the device base to drive the device base to swing back and forth.
In other embodiments, the mounting seat is arranged on a partition plate of the heading machine, and the crushing rod extends into the soil bin.
In other embodiments, the adjustment mechanism may be provided with a dial or cam, the axis of which extends back and forth, the crushing means being provided on the dial or cam, the dial or cam adjusting the position of the crushing head when rotated.
According to the specific embodiment of the auxiliary excavation device for the heading machine, the structure of the auxiliary excavation device for the heading machine in the embodiment is the same as that of the auxiliary excavation device for the heading machine in any specific embodiment, and the detailed description is omitted.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all structural changes that can be made by using the contents of the description and the drawings of the present invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. Breaker for entry driving machine, its characterized in that includes:
the device base is configured on a rack of the heading machine;
the crushing head is rotatably arranged on the device base and is used for crushing the excavation blind area of the heading machine;
the driving device is positioned at the rear side of the crushing head and is used for driving the crushing head to rotate;
the spiral slag discharging structure is used for conveying slag soil from back to front to realize forward slag discharging;
the crushing head is provided with the spiral deslagging structure, and/or the crushing head is connected with a crushing rod, the crushing rod is connected with the crushing head and a driving device, and the spiral deslagging structure is arranged on the periphery of the crushing rod or the periphery of the crushing rod.
2. The crushing device for the heading machine according to claim 1, wherein the spiral deslagging structure on the crushing head extends backwards to the crushing rod, or a crushing sleeve is fixed on the rear side of the crushing head, the crushing sleeve is arranged on the periphery of the crushing rod, the rear end of the crushing sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the device base, and the spiral deslagging structure on the crushing head extends backwards to the crushing sleeve.
3. The crushing device for the heading machine according to claim 2, wherein the spiral slag discharging structure comprises spiral slag discharging blades spirally arranged from the rear to the front.
4. The crushing device for the heading machine according to claim 3, wherein a head crushing blade is provided to a portion of the helical row-cutting blade on the crushing head.
5. The crushing device for the heading machine according to claim 3, wherein a sleeve crushing cutter is provided at a portion of the spiral slag discharge blade on the crushing sleeve.
6. The crushing device for the heading machine according to claim 1, wherein the crushing rod is provided at its periphery with a crushing sleeve, a front end of the crushing sleeve is fixed to the crushing head, and a rear end thereof is rotatably fitted to the device base.
7. The crushing device for the heading machine according to claim 6, wherein the device base includes a base tube extending forward and backward, the crushing rod is connected to the driving device after passing through the base tube, and the crushing sleeve is rotatably fitted around a front end of the base tube.
8. A crushing apparatus for a heading machine according to claim 6 wherein the apparatus base includes a base tube extending forward and rearward, and the drive means is fixed in the base tube.
9. A crushing device for a heading machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the drive device is fixed to a device base.
10. A non-circular tunnel boring machine comprises a frame, a boring cutter head and a crushing device, wherein the frame comprises a boring machine partition plate arranged on the rear side of the boring cutter head, and a slag discharge port for discharging slag is arranged at the bottom of the boring machine partition plate, and the non-circular tunnel boring machine is characterized in that the crushing device is the crushing device for the boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202011402949 | 2020-12-04 | ||
| CN2020114029496 | 2020-12-04 |
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| CN202023133328.0U Active CN214273643U (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-23 | Non-circular tunnel boring machine, breaker for entry driving machine |
| CN202023133307.9U Active CN214273642U (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-23 | Non-circular tunnel boring machine, entry driving machine are with supplementary excavation device |
| CN202011538678.7A Active CN112761646B (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-23 | Non-circular tunnel boring machine, breaker for entry driving machine |
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| CN202023133328.0U Active CN214273643U (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-23 | Non-circular tunnel boring machine, breaker for entry driving machine |
| CN202023133307.9U Active CN214273642U (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-23 | Non-circular tunnel boring machine, entry driving machine are with supplementary excavation device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113790059A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-14 | 厦门厦工中铁重型机械有限公司 | Automatic control method for multi-excavation system of rectangular pipe jacking machine |
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| CN110985012A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-04-10 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Shield tunneling mode suitable for stratum with uneven hardness and conversion method thereof |
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| CN111550255A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-18 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Shield tunneling machine and construction method thereof |
| CN111997645A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-11-27 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Multi-cutter-head tunneling machine |
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- 2020-12-23 CN CN202023133328.0U patent/CN214273643U/en active Active
- 2020-12-23 CN CN202023133307.9U patent/CN214273642U/en active Active
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| CN110985012A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-04-10 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Shield tunneling mode suitable for stratum with uneven hardness and conversion method thereof |
| CN111119916A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-05-08 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Slurry-soil pressure dual-mode shield machine loaded with double crushers and slag discharge method |
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| CN111997645A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-11-27 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Multi-cutter-head tunneling machine |
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| CN113790059A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-14 | 厦门厦工中铁重型机械有限公司 | Automatic control method for multi-excavation system of rectangular pipe jacking machine |
| CN113790059B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2024-05-14 | 厦门厦工中铁重型机械有限公司 | Automatic control method for multiple excavation systems of rectangular pipe jacking machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN214273643U (en) | 2021-09-24 |
| CN214273642U (en) | 2021-09-24 |
| CN112761646B (en) | 2021-12-17 |
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