CN113309531B - Muddy water open type double-mold shield machine with normal-pressure cutter head - Google Patents
Muddy water open type double-mold shield machine with normal-pressure cutter head Download PDFInfo
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- CN113309531B CN113309531B CN202110725855.0A CN202110725855A CN113309531B CN 113309531 B CN113309531 B CN 113309531B CN 202110725855 A CN202110725855 A CN 202110725855A CN 113309531 B CN113309531 B CN 113309531B
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- slag
- muck
- cutter head
- cabin
- muddy water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
Abstract
The invention relates to a muddy water open type dual-mode shield machine with a normal pressure cutter head, which comprises a shield body, the normal pressure cutter head, a first slag discharging device and a second slag discharging device, wherein a slag-soil cabin is formed between the normal pressure cutter head and the shield body, the bottom and the top of the slag-soil cabin are respectively provided with a slurry conveying port and a slag-soil conveying port which are communicated with the slag-soil cabin, the slurry conveying port is connected with the first slag discharging device in a break-make manner, and the slag-soil conveying port is connected with the second slag discharging device in a break-make manner; when the double-mold shield machine is in a muddy water mode, the muck conveying port is disconnected from the second slag discharging device, the mud conveying port is communicated with the first slag discharging device, and muddy water in the muck cabin is discharged outside through the first slag discharging device; when the double-mold shield machine is in an open mode, the slurry conveying port is disconnected from the first slag discharging device, the muck conveying port is communicated with the second slag discharging device, and muck in the muck cabin is discharged outside through the second slag discharging device. The invention solves the technical problems of limited application range of the shield tunneling machine, lower tunneling efficiency and high construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction for tunneling by using a shield tunneling machine or a TBM (tunnel boring machine), in particular to a muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine with a normal-pressure cutter head.
Background
As the use of tunneling is increasing worldwide, the demand for tunnelling equipment is also increasing. However, the open-type TBM or pressure balance type shield equipment cannot meet the construction requirements for safety and high efficiency. For example: in the tunnel forming process of a mountain tunnel, when a stratum with multiple faults and/or a stratum with high water and soil pressure is encountered, a conventional open type TBM cannot meet the use requirements of projects, but if a conventional slurry shield machine is used for dealing with the construction risk of the faults, when other full-section rock strata are tunneled for a long distance, the defects of low tunneling efficiency, high construction cost and the like exist, and the use effect is poor.
Aiming at the problems of limited application range, lower tunneling efficiency and high construction cost of the shield tunneling machine in the related technology, no effective solution is provided at present.
Therefore, the inventor provides the muddy water open type dual-mode shield machine with the normal-pressure cutter head by means of experience and practice of related industries for many years so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a muddy water open type dual-mode shield machine with a normal-pressure cutter head, which is suitable for tunnel excavation operation with complex geology and high water and soil pressure.
The invention can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a muddy water open type double-mold shield machine with a normal pressure cutter head, which comprises a shield body and a normal pressure cutter head, wherein a muck cabin is formed between the normal pressure cutter head and the shield body;
when the muddy water open type dual-mode shield machine provided with the normal-pressure cutter head is in a muddy water mode, the muck conveying port is disconnected from the second slag discharging device, the mud conveying port is communicated with the first slag discharging device, and muddy water in the muck cabin is discharged outside through the first slag discharging device; when the muddy water open type double-mold shield machine provided with the normal pressure cutter head is in an open mode, the mud conveying port is disconnected with the first slag discharging device, the muck conveying port is communicated with the second slag discharging device, and muck in the muck cabin is discharged outside through the second slag discharging device.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an air cushion chamber is formed in the shield body at the bottom thereof, the air cushion chamber is communicated with the residue soil chamber through the slurry delivery port, the slurry delivery port is provided with a slurry door capable of being opened and closed, and the first slag discharging device is communicated with the air cushion chamber.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first slag discharging device includes a slurry discharging pipe, one end of the slurry discharging pipe is communicated with the air cushion chamber, and the other end of the slurry discharging pipe extends to the rear of the shield body.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first slag discharging device further comprises a crusher disposed in the air cushion compartment, and the crusher is located between the slurry delivery port and the slurry discharge pipe.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first partition plate for controlling the opening and closing of the muck conveying opening is disposed at the muck conveying opening, the first partition plate is connected to a piston rod of a first driving cylinder, and when the piston rod of the first driving cylinder is in a contracted state, the first partition plate blocks the muck conveying opening; when the piston rod of the first driving cylinder is in an extending state, the piston rod of the first driving cylinder pushes the first partition plate to move into the muck chamber, and the muck conveying port is communicated with the inside of the shield body.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second slag discharging device includes a first belt conveyor and a second belt conveyor, one end of the first belt conveyor is connected to one end of the second belt conveyor, the other end of the second belt conveyor extends toward the rear of the shield body, the first belt conveyor is connected to a piston rod of a second driving cylinder, and when the piston rod of the second driving cylinder is in a retracted state, the first belt conveyor and the second belt conveyor are both located in the shield body; when a piston rod of the second driving cylinder is in an extending state, one side of the first belt conveyor, which is far away from the second belt conveyor, penetrates through the muck conveying opening and extends into the muck cabin.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine provided with the normal pressure cutter further comprises a front shield shell and a front partition plate, wherein the front shield shell is of an annular structure and is connected between the normal pressure cutter and the shield body, and the front partition plate is arranged in the shield body and is located behind the normal pressure cutter;
the normal pressure blade disc includes backplate and conical plate, the conical plate is annular structure, the backplate set up in the rear portion of normal pressure blade disc, the annular outer fringe of conical plate with the edge connection of backplate, with surround between backplate, the conical plate preceding shield shell with the preceding baffle and form the dregs cabin.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of scrapers are disposed in the slag cabin and near the front shield shell, and are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the slag cabin, a second partition plate is disposed inside the slag cabin to form a slag conveying channel among the front shield shell, the front partition plate, the second partition plate, and the scrapers, and when the open-type muddy water dual-mode shield machine is in an open mode, the slag conveying channel is communicated with a slag receiving port at the top of the first belt conveyor.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second partition is a semi-annular structure, and the second partition is located in an upper half portion of the slag cabin.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a slag conveying plate is disposed at the slag receiving opening, one end of the slag conveying plate is connected to the first partition plate, the other end of the slag conveying plate is connected to the first belt conveyor, and the slag conveying plate is gradually inclined downward from the first partition plate to the first belt conveyor.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the atmospheric pressure cutter head is provided with a plurality of openings, and each of the openings is communicated with the residue soil cabin.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slurry open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine with the normal-pressure cutter further includes a main driving device for driving the normal-pressure cutter to rotate, and a central cabin for controlling the main driving device, wherein the main driving device and the central cabin are both located in the shield body behind the muck cabin, an output end of the main driving device is connected to the normal-pressure cutter, and a control end of the main driving device is connected to a control signal output end of the central cabin.
From the above, the muddy water open type dual-mode shield machine provided with the normal pressure cutter head has the characteristics and advantages that: the muddy water open type double-membrane shield machine can carry out switching operation between a muddy water mode and an open mode, when a severe geological condition exists in a tunneling interval of the double-membrane shield machine, the double-membrane shield machine can be switched to the muddy water mode for tunneling, the mode can ensure the water-soil pressure balance of the palm surface in the tunneling process, prevent the risk of ground surface collapse or uplift, enable personnel to directly replace cutters in the normal pressure environment in the normal pressure cutter head, ensure the safety of the cutter changing personnel and avoid the risk that the cutter changing personnel can suffer from decompression diseases when the cutter changing is carried out under pressure; when the dual-membrane shield tunneling machine tunnels in the geological condition that the full-section hard rock stratum is adopted, the dual-membrane shield tunneling machine can be switched to an open mode for tunneling, tunnel forming can be efficiently performed in the open mode, the construction period is shortened, and the construction cost is saved. Through the switching operation of the two modes, the safe, efficient and quick construction of the tunnel engineering can be effectively guaranteed.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Wherein:
FIG. 1: the invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a muddy water open type double-mode shield machine with a normal-pressure cutter head in a muddy water mode.
FIG. 2: the invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a muddy water open type dual-mode shield machine with a normal pressure cutter head in an open mode.
FIG. 3: the invention discloses a structural schematic diagram of a normal-pressure cutter head in a muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine with the normal-pressure cutter head.
FIG. 4: is a schematic sectional view of the muddy water open type double-mode shield tunneling machine provided with the normal pressure cutter head in the direction A-A in figure 1.
FIG. 5: is a schematic cross-sectional view of the squeegee in the direction B in fig. 1.
The reference numbers in the invention are:
1. a normal pressure cutter head; 101. A back panel;
102. a conical plate; 2. A shield body;
3. a first slag tapping device; 301. A slurry discharge pipe;
302. a crusher; 4. A second slag tapping device;
401. a first belt conveyor; 4011. A slag receiving port;
402. a second belt conveyor; 5. A main drive device;
6. a central compartment; 7. A first separator;
8. a muck chamber; 9. A mud gate;
10. an air cushion compartment; 11. A squeegee;
12. a front bulkhead; 13. A second separator;
14. a anterior shield shell; 15. A muck conveying passage;
16. a muck conveying plate; 17. A slurry delivery port;
18. a residue soil conveying port.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention provides a muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine with a normal pressure cutter, which comprises a shield body 2, a normal pressure cutter 1, a first slag discharging device 3 and a second slag discharging device 4, wherein the normal pressure cutter 1 is arranged at the front part of the shield body 2, a slag cabin 8 is formed between the normal pressure cutter 1 and the shield body 2, and the first slag discharging device 3 and the second slag discharging device 4 are both fixedly arranged inside the shield body 2. A slurry conveying port 17 communicated with the muck cabin 8 is arranged at the bottom of the muck cabin 8, a muck conveying port 18 communicated with the muck cabin 8 is arranged at the top of the muck cabin 8, the slurry conveying port 17 is connected with the first slag discharging device 3 in an on-off manner, and the muck conveying port 18 is connected with the second slag discharging device 4 in an on-off manner; when the muddy water open type dual-mode shield machine is in a muddy water mode, the muck conveying port 18 is disconnected from the second slag discharging device 4, the slurry conveying port 17 is communicated with the first slag discharging device 3, and muddy water in the muck cabin 8 is discharged outside through the first slag discharging device 3; when the slurry open type dual-mode shield machine is in an open mode, the slurry conveying port 17 is disconnected from the first slag discharging device 3, the residue soil conveying port 18 is communicated with the second slag discharging device 4, and residue soil in the residue soil cabin 8 is discharged outside through the second slag discharging device 4.
In the process of tunneling a tunnel, when a severe geological condition exists in a tunneling interval of a muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine, the dual-film shield tunneling machine can be switched to a muddy water mode for tunneling, at the moment, the residue soil conveying port 18 and the second slag discharging device 4 are controlled to be disconnected, the slurry conveying port 17 is communicated with the first slag discharging device 3, muddy water in the residue soil cabin 8 is discharged outside through the first slag discharging device 3, the mode can ensure the balance of the water and soil pressure of the palm surface in the tunneling process, prevent the risk of surface collapse or uplift, enable personnel to directly replace cutters in the normal pressure environment in the normal pressure cutter head, ensure the safety of the cutter changing personnel, and avoid the risk that the cutter changing personnel possibly suffer from pressure reduction during pressure cutter changing; when the slurry open type double-mold shield tunneling machine tunnels in the geological condition that the section is a full-section hard rock stratum, the double-mold shield tunneling machine can be switched to an open mode to perform tunneling work, at the moment, the slurry conveying port 17 is controlled to be disconnected with the first slag discharging device 3, the muck conveying port 18 is communicated with the second slag discharging device 4, muck in the muck cabin 8 is discharged outside through the second slag discharging device 4, and the mode can efficiently perform tunnel forming work, shorten the construction period and save the construction cost. The invention effectively ensures the safe, efficient and rapid construction of tunnel engineering mainly aiming at the geological environment with complex geology (for example, the full tunneling mileage comprises a plurality of broken zones and full-section hard rock) and high water-soil pressure (namely, the pressure is more than 3.5 Bar).
In an optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine further includes a main driving device 5 and a central cabin 6, the main driving device 5 is configured to drive the normal pressure cutter 1 to rotate, the central cabin 6 is configured to control the main driving device 5, the main driving device 5 and the central cabin 6 are both located in the shield body 2 behind the slag-soil cabin 8, an output end of the main driving device 5 is connected with the normal pressure cutter 1, and a control end of the main driving device 5 is connected with a control signal output end of the central cabin 6.
In an optional embodiment of the invention, the center and the edge of the atmospheric pressure cutter head 1 are provided with a plurality of openings (not shown), each opening is communicated with the residue soil cabin 8, when the slurry open type double-mode shield tunneling machine tunnels, the rotation of the atmospheric pressure cutter head 1 can cut the tunnel face, and the cut stones and/or residue soil can enter the residue soil cabin 8 behind the atmospheric pressure cutter head 1 through each opening.
Specifically, the muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine shown in fig. 1 and 2 further comprises a front shield shell 14 and a front partition plate 12, wherein the front shield shell 14 is of an annular structure, the front shield shell 14 is connected between the normal pressure cutter head 1 and the shield body 2, and the front partition plate 12 is arranged in the shield body 2 and is located behind the normal pressure cutter head 1; the normal pressure cutter head 1 comprises a back plate 101 and a conical plate 102, the conical plate 102 is of an annular structure, the back plate 101 is arranged at the rear part of the normal pressure cutter head 1, and the annular outer edge of the conical plate 102 is connected with the edge of the back plate 101 so as to surround and form a slag-soil cabin 8 among the back plate 101, the conical plate 102, a front shield shell 14 and a front partition plate 12.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, an air cushion chamber 10 is formed in the shield body 2 and at the bottom of the shield body 2, the air cushion chamber 10 is communicated with the residue soil chamber 8 through a slurry delivery port 17, a slurry door 9 which can be opened and closed upwards is arranged at the slurry delivery port 17, and the first slag discharging device 3 is communicated with the air cushion chamber 10. The opening and closing state of the slurry door 9 is controlled to control the connection and disconnection of the slurry conveying port 17 and the first slag discharging device 3, and when the slurry door 9 is opened, the slurry open type dual-mode shield machine can carry out tunneling operation in a slurry mode.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first slag discharging device 3 includes a slurry discharging pipe 301, one end of the slurry discharging pipe 301 is communicated with the air cushion chamber 10, and the other end of the slurry discharging pipe 301 extends to the rear of the shield body 2. When the double-film shield tunneling machine adopts a muddy water mode to perform tunneling operation, muddy water in the residue soil cabin 8 can enter the air cushion cabin 10 and is discharged through the slurry discharge pipeline 301.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first slag tapping device 3 further comprises a crusher 302 disposed in the air cushion chamber 10, wherein the crusher 302 is located between the slurry delivery port 17 and the slurry discharge pipe 301. The crusher 302 can crush stones and/or muck with larger particle size in the muddy water and then discharge the crushed stones and/or muck to the outside.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a first partition plate 7 is disposed at the muck conveying port 18, the first partition plate 7 is used for controlling the opening and closing state of the muck conveying port 18, a first driving cylinder is disposed in the muck chamber 8, a cylinder body of the first driving cylinder is fixed in the muck chamber 8, a piston rod of the first driving cylinder is connected with the first partition plate 7, and when the piston rod of the first driving cylinder is in a contracted state, the first partition plate 7 blocks the muck conveying port 18; when the piston rod of the first driving cylinder is in an extending state, the piston rod of the first driving cylinder pushes the first partition plate 7 to move into the residue soil cabin 8, and the residue soil conveying port 18 is communicated with the inside of the shield body 2. The position of the first partition plate 7 is controlled through the first driving cylinder, so that the on-off of the muck delivery port 18 and the second muck discharging device 4 is controlled, and when the first partition plate 7 moves into the muck cabin 8, the muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine can perform tunneling operation in an open mode.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the second slag discharging device 4 includes a first belt conveyor 401 and a second belt conveyor 402, one end of the first belt conveyor 401 is connected with one end of the second belt conveyor 402, the other end of the second belt conveyor 402 extends to the rear of the shield body 2, a second driving cylinder is arranged in the slag chamber 8, a cylinder body of the second driving cylinder is fixed in the slag chamber 8, a piston rod of the second driving cylinder is connected with the first belt conveyor 401, and when the piston rod of the second driving cylinder is in a contracted state, both the first belt conveyor 401 and the second belt conveyor 402 are located in the shield body 2; when a piston rod of the second driving cylinder is in an extending state, the muck conveying opening 18 is opened, one side, far away from the second belt conveyor 402, of the first belt conveyor 401 penetrates through the muck conveying opening 18 and extends into the muck cabin 8, and therefore stones and/or muck in the muck cabin 8 are sequentially discharged outside through the first belt conveyor 401 and the second belt conveyor 402.
Further, the first driving cylinder and the second driving cylinder can be, but not limited to, oil cylinders.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a plurality of scrapers 11 are arranged in the slag cabin 8 and at a position close to the front shield shell 14 (i.e. at a position close to the edge of the slag cabin 8), each scraper 11 is connected with the normal pressure cutter head 1, the cross section of each scraper 11 is in an "L" shape, the scrapers 11 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the slag cabin 8, a second partition plate 13 is arranged inside the slag cabin 8 to form a slag conveying channel 15 among the front shield shell 14, the front partition plate 12, the second partition plate 13 and the scrapers 11, and when the slurry open type double-mode shield machine is in an open mode, the slag conveying channel 15 is communicated with the slag receiving port 4011 at the top of the first belt conveyor 401. The scraper 11 scrapes the cut stone and/or the slag, the front shield shell 14, the front partition plate 12, the second partition plate 13 and the scraper 11 are matched to carry out slag receiving treatment on the slag scraped and stored on the scraper 11, so that the slag can not fall off due to the gravity of the scraper, along with the rotation of the normal pressure cutter head 1, the scraper 11 conveys the scraped stone and/or the slag to the upper part of the first belt conveyor 401 through the slag conveying channel 15, and further receives and discharges the stone and/or the slag through the slag receiving port 4011.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the second partition 13 is of a semi-annular structure, and the second partition 13 is located at the upper half part of the slag chamber 8 (i.e., located in a range of 90 ° to 270 ° in the circumferential direction of the slag chamber 8), the scraper 11 transports stones and/or slag from the bottom area to the top area of the slag chamber 8 along with the rotation of the atmospheric cutter head 1, and when the scraper 11 rotates to an angle of about 90 ° or 270 ° in the circumferential direction of the slag chamber 8, the stones and/or slag may fall back to the bottom of the slag chamber 8 due to the gravity and the dynamic stacking angle, and therefore, the second partition 13 needs to be arranged to block the stones and/or slag from falling.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a slag receiving opening 4011 is provided with a slag conveying plate 16, one end of the slag conveying plate 16 is connected to the first partition 7, the other end of the slag conveying plate 16 is connected to the first belt conveyor 401, and the slag conveying plate 16 is gradually inclined downward from the first partition 7 to the first belt conveyor 401 (i.e., one end of the slag conveying plate 16 close to the atmospheric pressure cutter head 1 is higher, and the other end of the slag conveying plate away from the atmospheric pressure cutter head 1 is lower). Through the arrangement of the slag conveying plate 16, the stones and/or the slag can be ensured to smoothly enter the slag receiving port 4011, the stones and/or the slag can be effectively prevented from falling back to the front part of the normal pressure cutter head 1, the stones and/or the slag stored by the following scraper 11 can be ensured not to fall into the box-shaped structure (and the slag conveying channel 15) behind the normal pressure cutter head 1 again, the stones and/or the slag can not be stirred by circular rotation, the amount of the slag stored by the scraper 11 in each scraping process can be effectively increased, and the stones and/or the slag can be rapidly and smoothly conveyed to the first belt conveyor 401.
The working process of the muddy water open type double-mode shield tunneling machine comprises the following steps:
when a severe geological condition exists in a tunneling interval of the muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine, a muddy water mode can be switched to carry out tunneling work, so that the water and soil pressure balance of the palm surface in the tunneling process can be guaranteed, the risk of ground surface collapse or uplift is prevented, a worker can directly replace a cutter in the normal-pressure environment inside the normal-pressure cutter head 1 when the cutter is replaced, the safety of the cutter replacing worker is guaranteed, and the risk that the cutter replacing worker possibly suffers from pressure reduction during cutter replacement under pressure is avoided. As shown in FIG. 1, in the muddy water mode, the first partition plate 7 is not extended (i.e. the muck delivery port 18 is blocked), so that the sealing performance of the muck tank 8 can be maintained through the first partition plate 7, and the normal pressure building can be performed on stones, muck, gas and water under pressure in the muck tank 8 (in the muddy water mode, the muck tank 8 can also be called a muddy water tank); when the muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine tunnels, the rotation of the normal pressure cutter head 1 can cut the tunnel face, the cut stone blocks and/or muck enter the muck cabin 8 through the opening on the normal pressure cutter head 1, and then the stone blocks, muck and/or muddy water in the muck cabin 8 are discharged through the air cushion cabin 10 and the first slag discharging device 3 in sequence.
When the slurry open-type dual-mode shield machine is in a slurry mode, the slurry door 9 is in an open state, stone, slag and/or slurry enters the air cushion cabin 10 through the slurry door 9, and the stone and slag with larger particle sizes are crushed by the crusher 302 and then are discharged outside through the slurry discharge pipeline 301. Wherein, the normal pressure cutterhead 1 can rotate in the positive direction or the reverse direction in the tunneling process.
When the section tunneled by the muddy water open type dual-mode shield machine is a full-section hard rock stratum, the slurry open type dual-mode shield machine can be switched to an open mode for tunneling, tunnel forming work can be efficiently carried out, the engineering construction period is shortened, and the engineering construction cost is saved. As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in the open mode, the first partition 7 is in an extended state (i.e. the muck feed opening 18 is opened), and at the same time, the second driving cylinder in the open mode drives the first belt conveyor 401 to move forward and extend into the muck chamber 8 so as to collect the cut stones and/or muck. When the muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine tunnels, the rotary cutting tunnel face of the normal pressure cutter head 1 can cut the tunnel face, cut stones and/or muck enter the muck cabin 8 through the opening at the edge of the normal pressure cutter head 1, the mud door 9 in the muddy water mode is in a closed state at the moment, the stones and/or muck can be accumulated at a certain height in the muck cabin 8, and then the stones and/or muck in the muck cabin 8 are discharged outwards through the second slag discharging device 4 in the open mode.
When the muddy water open type dual-mode shield machine is in an open mode, cut stones and/or muck enter the muck cabin 8 from each opening on the normal-pressure cutter head 1, the stones and/or muck are accumulated at the bottom of the muck cabin 8, and a certain height is accumulated in the muck cabin 8; when the atmospheric pressure cutter head 1 rotates, the scraper blade 11 can rotate along with the atmospheric pressure cutter head 1 and shovels the stones and/or the dregs accumulated in the dregs cabin 8 into the scraper blade 11 from the bottom area of the dregs cabin 8 like a bucket, and along with the rotation of the atmospheric pressure cutter head 1, the scraper blade 11 can transport the stones and/or the dregs from the bottom area of the dregs cabin 8 to the top area thereof; when the scraper 11 is rotated to an angle of about 90 ° or 270 ° as shown in fig. 4, the stones and/or earth slag may fall back to the bottom area of the earth slag chamber 8 due to its own weight and dynamic stacking angle, so that the second partition plate 13 is welded to the front partition plate 12, and the earth slag and/or stones are surrounded by the scraper 11, the front partition plate 12, the second partition plate 13, and the front shield shell 14, and thus do not fall back to the bottom area of the earth slag chamber 8 due to the weight and dynamic stacking angle of the stones and/or earth slag. The stones and/or the dregs are pushed to the top area from the bottom area of the dregs cabin 8 by the scraper 11 which rotates, finally the stones and/or the dregs fall onto the first belt conveyor 401 through the dregs receiving opening 4011, then the stones and/or the dregs are transferred to fall onto the second belt conveyor 402, and finally the stones and/or the dregs are discharged. The normal pressure cutterhead 1 can rotate in the forward direction and the reverse direction in the tunneling process, and the stones and/or the muck can be discharged in the mode.
The following specific description is made for the structural design of the normal pressure cutter head 1 and the shield body 2 in the muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine of the present invention: since the slag receiving port 4011 of the first belt conveyor 401 for receiving the cut stone blocks and/or the slag is located at the top region of the slag chamber 8, the invention adds a plurality of scraper blades 11 at the rear part of the atmospheric pressure cutter head 1, scrapes the cut stone blocks and/or the slag by the scraper blades 11, and provides a second partition plate 13 for receiving the slag scraped and stored from the scraper blades 11, so that the slag scraped and stored from the scraper blades 11 cannot fall down due to gravity, and the scraper blades 11 convey the scraped stone blocks and/or the slag to the top region of the slag chamber 8 along the slag conveying channel 15 and then fall into the slag receiving port 4011 of the first belt conveyor 401 to be conveyed outwards along the rotation of the atmospheric pressure cutter head 1.
The muddy water open type double-mode shield tunneling machine has the characteristics and advantages that:
the muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine mainly aims at tunneling environments with complex geology and high water and soil pressure in tunneling, can switch working modes according to actual conditions, and can effectively guarantee safe, efficient and rapid construction of tunnel engineering.
The muddy water open type dual-mode shield machine can be switched to a muddy water mode for tunneling work, so that the water and soil pressure balance of the palm surface in the tunneling process can be guaranteed, the risk of ground surface collapse or uplift is prevented, personnel can directly replace the cutter in the normal-pressure environment in the normal-pressure cutter head, the safety of the cutter replacing personnel is guaranteed, and the risk that the cutter replacing personnel can suffer from decompression diseases when the cutter is replaced under pressure is avoided.
The muddy water open type dual-mode shield machine can be switched to an open mode for tunneling, tunnel forming work can be efficiently carried out, the project period is shortened, and the project construction cost is saved.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. The muddy water open type double-mold shield machine with the normal pressure cutter head is characterized by further comprising a first slag discharging device and a second slag discharging device which are arranged in the shield body, wherein a slurry conveying port and a slag conveying port which are communicated with the slag cabin are respectively formed at the bottom and the top of the slag cabin, the slurry conveying port is connected with the first slag discharging device in an on-off mode, and the slag conveying port is connected with the second slag discharging device in an on-off mode;
the muddy water open type dual-mode shield machine with the normal-pressure cutter head further comprises a front shield shell and a front partition plate, wherein the front shield shell is of an annular structure and is connected between the normal-pressure cutter head and the shield body, and the front partition plate is arranged in the shield body and is positioned behind the normal-pressure cutter head; a plurality of scrapers are arranged in the slag cabin and close to the front shield shell, the scrapers are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the slag cabin, a second partition plate is arranged inside the slag cabin so as to form a slag conveying channel among the front shield shell, the front partition plate, the second partition plate and the scrapers, and when the slurry open type double-mold shield machine is in an open mode, the slag conveying channel is communicated with a slag receiving port of the second slag discharging device;
when the muddy water open type dual-mode shield machine provided with the normal-pressure cutter head is in a muddy water mode, the muck conveying port is disconnected from the second slag discharging device, the mud conveying port is communicated with the first slag discharging device, and muddy water in the muck cabin is discharged outside through the first slag discharging device; when the muddy water open type double-mold shield machine provided with the normal pressure cutter head is in an open mode, the mud conveying port is disconnected with the first slag discharging device, the muck conveying port is communicated with the second slag discharging device, and muck in the muck cabin is discharged outside through the second slag discharging device.
2. The open-type muddy water dual-mode shield tunneling machine with the atmospheric cutter head as claimed in claim 1, wherein an air cushion cabin is formed in the shield body at the bottom thereof, the air cushion cabin is communicated with the residue soil cabin through the slurry delivery port, a slurry door capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the slurry delivery port, and the first slag discharging device is communicated with the air cushion cabin.
3. The muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine with the normal pressure cutter head as claimed in claim 2, wherein said first slag discharging device comprises a slurry discharging pipeline, one end of said slurry discharging pipeline is communicated with said air cushion chamber, and the other end of said slurry discharging pipeline extends to the rear of said shield body.
4. The open-slurry dual-mode shield tunneling machine equipped with a normal-pressure cutter head according to claim 3, wherein the first slag discharging device further comprises a crusher arranged in the air cushion cabin, and the crusher is located between the slurry conveying port and the slurry discharging pipeline.
5. The muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine with the atmospheric cutter head as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that a first partition plate for controlling the opening and closing of the muck conveying port is arranged at the muck conveying port, the first partition plate is connected with a piston rod of a first driving cylinder, and when the piston rod of the first driving cylinder is in a contracted state, the first partition plate blocks the muck conveying port; when the piston rod of the first driving cylinder is in an extending state, the piston rod of the first driving cylinder pushes the first partition plate to move into the muck chamber, and the muck conveying port is communicated with the inside of the shield body.
6. The open-type muddy water dual-mode shield tunneling machine with the normal-pressure cutter head as claimed in claim 5, wherein said second slag discharging device comprises a first belt conveyor and a second belt conveyor, one end of said first belt conveyor is connected with one end of said second belt conveyor, the other end of said second belt conveyor extends towards the rear of said shield body, said first belt conveyor is connected with a piston rod of a second driving cylinder, and when the piston rod of said second driving cylinder is in a contracted state, said first belt conveyor and said second belt conveyor are both located in said shield body; when a piston rod of the second driving cylinder is in an extending state, one side of the first belt conveyor, which is far away from the second belt conveyor, penetrates through the muck conveying opening and extends into the muck cabin.
7. The muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine with the normal pressure cutter head as claimed in claim 6, wherein the normal pressure cutter head comprises a back plate and a conical plate, the conical plate is of an annular structure, the back plate is arranged at the rear part of the normal pressure cutter head, and the annular outer edge of the conical plate is connected with the edge of the back plate so as to surround the back plate, the conical plate, the front shield shell and the front partition plate to form the muck chamber.
8. The muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine with the atmospheric cutter head as set forth in claim 7, wherein said second partition plate is of a semi-annular structure, and said second partition plate is located in the upper half portion of said muck chamber.
9. The muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine with the normal pressure cutter head as claimed in claim 7, wherein a muck conveying plate is arranged at the slag receiving port, one end of the muck conveying plate is connected with the first partition plate, the other end of the muck conveying plate is connected with the first belt conveyor, and the muck conveying plate is gradually inclined downwards from the first partition plate to the first belt conveyor.
10. The muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine provided with the atmospheric pressure cutter head as claimed in claim 1 or 7, wherein a plurality of openings are arranged on the atmospheric pressure cutter head, and each opening is communicated with the muck chamber.
11. The muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine with the normal pressure cutterhead according to claim 1, wherein the muddy water open type dual-mode shield tunneling machine with the normal pressure cutterhead further comprises a main driving device for driving the normal pressure cutterhead to rotate and a center cabin for controlling the main driving device, the main driving device and the center cabin are both positioned in the shield body behind the muck cabin, the output end of the main driving device is connected with the normal pressure cutterhead, and the control end of the main driving device is connected with the control signal output end of the center cabin.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110725855.0A CN113309531B (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-06-29 | Muddy water open type double-mold shield machine with normal-pressure cutter head |
| AU2021290425A AU2021290425B2 (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-12-30 | Slurry open dual-mode shield machine equipped with cutter head with atmospheric pressure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110725855.0A CN113309531B (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-06-29 | Muddy water open type double-mold shield machine with normal-pressure cutter head |
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| CN113309531A CN113309531A (en) | 2021-08-27 |
| CN113309531B true CN113309531B (en) | 2022-03-29 |
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| CN202110725855.0A Active CN113309531B (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-06-29 | Muddy water open type double-mold shield machine with normal-pressure cutter head |
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| CN (1) | CN113309531B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2021290425B2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114233320B (en) * | 2021-12-19 | 2023-07-18 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Open type TBM stepping device |
| CN116122831A (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-05-16 | 盾科工程装备有限公司 | Miniature muddy water soil pressure dual-mode shield structure |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2021290425A1 (en) | 2023-01-19 |
| AU2021290425B2 (en) | 2023-07-27 |
| CN113309531A (en) | 2021-08-27 |
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