JP3538350B2 - Earth pressure shield method and earth pressure shield machine for excavation of rectangular section - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention of this application relates to an earth pressure shield method for excavating an underground pit having a rectangular cross section, and an earth pressure shield method for digging such an underground pit. Related to shield machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When excavating an underground pit having a rectangular cross section such as a square or a rectangle with a shield machine, usually,
JP-A-7-54591 and JP-A-7-10899
As in the shield machine described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1 (1999), excavation is performed using a shield machine equipped with an excavating mechanism capable of faithfully excavating an underground pit having a rectangular cross section. Therefore, the structure of the cutter head of the shield excavator and the mechanism of the drive unit of the cutter head are significantly more complicated than those of the shield excavator that excavates an underground pit having a circular cross section, and the construction cost of the underground pit has increased.

As a method for solving such a problem, a method described in paragraph [0027] of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-18793 can be mentioned. The method described in this publication includes a shield main body (shield frame) having a rectangular cross section, a plurality of cutter heads (rotary cutters) having cut-spokes and arranged so that their rotation paths partially overlap. By using a shield machine equipped with a copy cutter that is housed in the spokes and protrudes from the tip of the cut spokes and performs extra digging, the remaining part dug by multiple rotating cutters is dug by the copy cutter, The underground pit has a cross section of. The terms used in parentheses are the terms used in the above publications. In this method, a copy cutter is used in combination with a plurality of conventionally-known cutter heads for overlapping circular section excavation for excavating an overlapping circular excavation section in which a plurality of circles having different centers are superimposed. The structure of the cutter head and the mechanism of the drive unit of the cutter head are not complicated as compared with the shield machine described at the beginning of faithfully excavating the excavated cross section of the shape, and the construction cost of the underground pit can be reduced.

[0004]

However, in the prior art described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 10-18793,
When digging with multiple cutter heads for overlapping circular cross section digging, excessive digging is performed by digging so that the rotation trajectory of the tip of the cut spokes contacts each long side and each short side of the rectangular cross section of the shield body. Is not performed, and the undigged part is formed to a region far away from the rotation locus of the tip of the Katas spokes, so a normal length copy cutter that performs extra excavation when turning the shield excavator Cannot excavate the remaining part sufficiently. Therefore, it is necessary to make the copy cutter longer than usual.However, the copy cutter is supported by a cantilever with a cantilever, and the magnitude of the bending moment acting on the copy cutter at the time of extra digging is Because it is squared, if the copy cutter is made longer than usual, it will be very easy to break.

[0005] In particular, when a copy cutter is used for excavating an underground pit by excavating a remaining portion excavated by a plurality of cutter heads as in this conventional technique, the copy cutter is used in a usual manner. However, since it must be used continuously throughout the entire construction area, fatigue and wear due to bending moments increase accordingly, which is a problem in strength. If the strength of the copy cutter is to be increased, it is necessary to increase the cross-sectional performance of the copy cutter.However, the copy cutter itself must be large enough to be accommodated in the cut-spoke, so that the There is naturally a limit to increasing the strength. As described above, the case of excavating an underground pit having a rectangular cross section has been described. However, according to the method of this conventional technique, a square cross section is cooperated with a cutter head and a copy cutter for excavating a circular excavation section. A similar problem arises when excavating underground tunnels.

[0006] The invention of this application has been made in order to solve such problems of the prior art, and the technical problem thereof is that a rectangular cross section is formed by cooperation of a cutter head and a copy cutter. It is an object of the present invention to provide a shield technology that can reduce a bending moment acting on a copy cutter when excavating an underground pit of the conventional art.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above technical object of the invention of the present application, the first and second inventions of the present application relating to the earth pressure type shield construction method for excavating a rectangular section have the following structures. The technical means of 1) and 2) were adopted.

[0008] 1) A shield body having a square cross section, a cutter head constructed by attaching a cutter bit to a rotatable cutter spoke, and a cutter head which is housed so as to be able to protrude and retract from the cutter spoke and protrudes from the tip of the cutter spoke. In the earth pressure shield method for excavating a square cross-section underground pit using a earth pressure shield excavator equipped with a copy cutter that performs extra excavation, the rotation trajectory of the tip of the cutout spoke is shielded. Forming and arranging the cutter head so that excessive excavation is performed by protruding from the four sides of the square cross section of the main body and leaving undigged parts at the four corners of the square cross section, Means in which a cutter head and a copy cutter cooperate to excavate an underground pit having a square cross section.

2) A shield body having a rectangular cross section, a plurality of cutter heads which are constructed by attaching a cutter bit to a rotatably driven cut spoke and arranged so that their rotation tracks partially overlap, An earth-pressure-type shield for excavating a rectangular cross-section underground pit using a drilling machine equipped with a copy cutter that is housed so that it can be protruded and protrudes from the tip of the Katas spokes and performs excavation In the method of construction, the rotation trajectory of the tip of the cut spokes protrudes from each long side of the rectangular cross section of the shield body, and excessive excavation is performed, and at least four corners of the rectangular cross section are left undigged. A plurality of cutter heads are formed and arranged so that a part is formed, and these cutter heads and the copy cutter cooperate to form a rectangular cross section underground. Means adapted to drilling.

In the first invention of this application relating to the earth pressure type shield construction method for excavating a rectangular cross section, excessive digging is caused by the rotation trajectory of the tip of the castaspoke protruding from the four sides of the square cross section of the shield body. In the second invention of the present application, too, the rotation trajectory of the tip of the cut-spoke protrudes from each long side of the rectangular cross section of the shield body so that excessive excavation is performed. As a result, it is possible to form the undigged portion that occurs in the rectangular cross section of the shield body in the area closer to the rotation trajectory of the tip of the cut-spoke compared to the conventional technology. Even if the length is shortened, the remaining portion can be sufficiently excavated. As a result, according to both inventions,
When excavating an underground pit having a rectangular cross section in cooperation with the cutter head and the copy cutter, the bending moment acting on the copy cutter can be made smaller than in the conventional technique. Further, in both inventions, since uncut portions are formed particularly at the four corners of the rectangular cross section of the shield main body, rolling of the shield main body can be prevented.

In order to achieve the above technical object of the invention of the present application, the first of the present application relating to an earth pressure type shield machine is described.
The second and third inventions employ the following technical means 3) and 4), respectively.

3) A shield body having a square cross section, a cutter head constructed by attaching a cutter bit to a rotatable cut-spoke, and housed in the cut-spoke so as to be able to protrude and protrude from the tip of the cut-spoke. In the earth pressure type shield excavator provided with a copy cutter that performs extra excavation, the rotation trajectory of the tip of the cutout spoke protrudes from the four sides of the square cross section of the shield body, and excessive excavation is performed, and A cutter head is formed and arranged so that uncut portions are formed at the four corners of the square cross section, and the underground pit having the square cross section can be excavated in cooperation with the cutter head and the copy cutter. Means that did.

4) A shield body having a rectangular cross section, a plurality of cutter heads which are constructed by attaching a cutter bit to a rotatably driven cutter spoke and arranged so that their rotation trajectories partially overlap. In an earth-pressure shield excavator provided with a copy cutter that is provided so as to be able to protrude and protrude from the tip of the Katas spokes, the rotation trajectory of the tip of the Katas spokes is each long side of the rectangular cross section of the shield body. A plurality of cutter heads are formed and arranged such that excessive excavation is performed while protruding from the outside, and at least four corners of the rectangular cross section are left unexcavated. A means for cooperating with and to excavate an underground pit with a rectangular cross section.

In the first and second inventions of this application relating to the earth pressure type shield excavator, similarly to the invention relating to the earth pressure type shield construction method, the rotational trajectory of the tip of the cut-spoke is square cross-section of the shield body. The cutter head is formed and arranged so that the excavation is performed by protruding from the four sides and each long side, and the underground pit with a rectangular cross section is cooperated with the cutter head and the copy cutter. When excavating, the bending moment acting on the copy cutter can be made smaller than in the prior art. In both inventions, at the four corners of the rectangular cross section of the shield body,
In particular, since the cutter head is formed and arranged so that an undigged portion is generated, rolling of the shield body can be prevented.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment showing how the first invention and the second invention of this application relating to the earth pressure shield machine are actually embodied.
3 to FIG. 3, the first and second embodiments of the earth pressure shield method and the earth pressure shield machine for excavating a rectangular cross section of this application will be clarified. FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of an earth-pressure shield excavator according to the first invention for excavating an underground pit having a square cross section, and FIG. 2 is an underground pit having a rectangular cross section. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the earth-pressure shield excavator shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Each shield machine shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Similar to the shield machine according to the prior art described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-18793, a shield body having a rectangular cross-section and a cutter head provided so as to be able to protrude and retract from the cutter spoke of the cutter head are provided. This is a shield excavator in which a copy cutter for performing excavation is provided, and an unexcavated portion by the cutter head is excavated by the copy cutter to finish the underground pit having a rectangular cross section.

1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a shield body having a rectangular cross section and forming a fuselage of a shield machine.
a is a partition that hermetically partitions the shield body 1 into an external space on the digging side and an internal space for work, and 1b is formed by the partition 1a and the front portion of the shield body 1 and takes in excavated earth and sand to form mud and soil. A chamber that generates pressure, 2
Is a cutter head that is rotatably supported in front of the shield main body 1 by the partition wall 1a and excavates an underground pit, 2a is a cutter boss forming the center of the cutter head 2, 2b is radially mounted on the cutter boss 2a, and is rotationally driven. The cut-spokes 2c are cutter bits that are attached to the cut-spokes 2b to cut the face, and 2d are the stirring blades that are mounted on the cut-spokes 2b and mix and mix excavated earth and sand with an additive such as mud material. Is a jet orifice for injecting the additive material, 3 is a copy cutter which is housed in the Katas pork 2b so as to be able to protrude and emerge from the tip of the Katas pork 2b to perform extra digging, 4 is a cutter drive for rotating the cutter head 2 at a reduced speed. A device 5 is attached to the opening of the partition wall 1a and is a screen as a discharging device for discharging muddy excavated earth and sand backward. A conveyor, 6 is an erector for assembling the segments, 7 is a segment for assembling the excavated underground pit assembled at the rear of the shield body 1 by the erector 6, and 8 is a plurality of segments 7 installed in the circumferential direction in the shield body 1. This is a shield jack for propelling the shield body 1 while taking a reaction force.

The shield machine used in each invention of this application is an earth pressure shield machine. The earth pressure shield excavator injects an additive material such as a mud material sent through the inside of the shield body 1 from the injection port 2 e of the cutter head 2 into the excavated earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 2,
Cutter bit 2c, cut-spoke 2b and stirring blade 2d
The mixture is sequentially mixed and stirred to generate plastic fluid mud in the chamber 1b, and the face is supported by the pressure of the mud in the chamber 1b. The mud in the chamber 1b is
And is conveyed by the screw conveyor 5 and discharged to the outside of the underground pit. Therefore, the pressure of the mud in the face can be controlled by adjusting the amount of the mud conveyed by the screw conveyor 5, that is, the rotation speed of the screw conveyor 5.

Although the shield main body 1 has a rectangular cross section, unlike the prior art, the corners are formed in an arc shape and are removed. The cutter head 2 is a cutter boss 2
a, Katas pork 2b, cutter bit 2c, and stirring blade 2
d and the injection port 2e. Copy cutter 3
The cutter head 2 is slidably mounted in the installation space provided in the cutter spoke 2b in the radial direction of the cutter head 2 via a guide member. Make up. In the example shown here, this copy cutter 3
And is stored in the cut-spoke 2b when not in use. In use, the cutter head 2 is rotationally driven so as to protrude from the tip of the cut-spoke 2b, so that the ground on the outer peripheral side of the cut section of the cutter head 2 is dug. The extra dug by the copy cutter 3 is usually performed to make the shield excavator turn, but in the present invention, the remaining dug portion b mainly by the cutter head 2 is used.
Drilling is done.

First, the earth pressure shield machine of FIG. 1 will be described. The earth pressure shield machine of FIG. 1 excavates an underground pit having a square cross section in cooperation with a cutter head 2 and a copy cutter 3. A cutter body 2 having a square cross section, a cutter head 2 for digging a circular digging section formed by attaching a cutter bit 2c to a katas pork 2b, and a cutter head 2 projecting from the tip of the katas pork 2b. And a copy cutter 3 for performing excavation. When the cutter head 2 is driven to rotate, the cutter head 2
Excessive excavation is performed so that the rotational locus s of the tip of b protrudes from the four sides of the square cross section of the shield body 1 to form an excessive excavation part a, and is dug at the four corners of the square cross section. It is formed and arranged so that a remaining portion b is generated. The copy cutter 3 has a length sufficient to excavate the undigged portion b and can be protruded from the tip of the cut-spoke 2b.

Using such an earth pressure shield excavator,
When the earth pressure shield method for excavating a rectangular cross section for excavating an underground pit having a square cross section is carried out, when the cutter head 2 is driven to rotate, the rotation trajectory s of the tip of the cut-spoke 2b crosses the square cross section of the shield body 1 Excessive excavation is performed by protruding from the four sides of the surface, so that the unexcavated portion b generated in the square cross section is located in a region closer to the rotation locus s of the tip of the cut-spoke 2b compared to the conventional technology. Thus, even if the copy cutter 3 is shorter than the conventional technology, the remaining portion b can be sufficiently excavated. As a result, when the cutter head 2 and the copy cutter 3 cooperate to excavate an underground pit having a square cross section, the bending moment acting on the copy cutter 3 can be made smaller than in the conventional technique. Further, when such excessive excavation is performed, particularly, the uncut portion b is formed at the four corners of the square cross section of the shield main body 1, so that the rolling of the shield main body 1 can be prevented.

Next, the earth pressure shield machine of FIG. 2 will be described. The earth pressure shield machine of FIG. 2 cooperates with a cutter head 2 and a copy cutter 3 to form an underground pit having a rectangular cross section. The shield body 1 has a rectangular cross section, and a cutter bit 2c is attached to the cut spokes 2b. The cutter body 2 is arranged so that its rotation trajectories partially overlap and is driven to rotate so as not to interfere with each other. A plurality of cutter heads 2 for excavating an overlapped circular excavation section obtained by superimposing a plurality of circles having different centers
And a copy cutter 3 that protrudes from the tip of the cut-spoke 2b to perform extra cutting. Cutter head 2
Is excessively excavated so that the rotational trajectory s of the tip of the cut-spoke 2b protrudes from four sides of the rectangular cross section of the shield body 1 at the time of rotational driving to form an excessively excavated portion a. It is formed and arranged so that the uncut portion b is formed at the four corners in the cross section and at the portion between the cutter heads 2. The copy cutter 3 is provided with these uncut parts b
Can be protruded from the tip of the cut-spoke 2b just long enough to excavate.

Using such an earth pressure shield excavator, an earth pressure shield construction method for excavating a rectangular underground pit having a rectangular cross section is carried out.
During the rotational drive of the cutter head 2, the respective rotation trajectories s of the tips of the cutter spokes 2b in the plurality of cutter heads 2 protrude from the upper and lower long and short pieces of the rectangular cross section of the shield body 1 and excessive excavation is performed. In addition, all the uncut portions b generated in the rectangular cross section of the shield main body 1 can be formed in a region closer to any one of the rotation trajectories s than in the conventional technology, and the copy cutter 3 can be formed as compared with the conventional technology. Even if the length is shortened, each undigged portion b can be sufficiently excavated. As a result, when excavating an underground pit having a rectangular cross section in cooperation with the plurality of cutter heads 2 and the copy cutter 3, the bending moment acting on the copy cutter 3 can be made smaller than in the conventional technique. As a result, the copy cutter 3 can be hardly broken. In addition, when such excessive excavation is performed, particularly, the uncut portion b is formed at the four corners of the rectangular cross section of the shield main body 1, so that the rolling of the shield main body 1 can be prevented.

In addition to the above contrivances, in the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the shield main body 1 is formed in a rectangular cross-section, the corners are removed by making the corners arc-shaped, so that the undigged portion is removed. Since b does not occur at a position away from the rotation locus s, the copy cutter 3 can be further shortened, and the bending moment acting on the copy cutter 3 when excavating an underground pit having a rectangular cross section is reduced. It can be even smaller. In the example shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of cutters are formed so that each of the rotation trajectories s of the tip of the cut spokes 2 b protrudes from the upper and lower long sides and short pieces of the rectangular cross section of the shield main body 1 to perform excessive excavation. Although the heads are formed and arranged, the plurality of cutter heads 2 are arranged so that the rotation locus s protrudes from at least each long side of the rectangular cross section of the shield body 1.
Is formed and arranged, all the undigged portions b generated in the rectangular cross section can be formed in a region closer to the rotation locus s as compared with the related art.

The shield method described above uses an earth pressure type shield excavator that generates mud having plastic fluidity in the chamber 1b and supports the face by the pressure of the mud in the chamber 1b. Can be controlled by adjusting the number of revolutions of the screw conveyor 5. For this reason, in the earth pressure shield method, the pressure of the mud is controlled by adjusting the number of revolutions of the screw conveyor 5 so that the mud is filled in the excessively excavated portion a of the ground. As a result, since the excess excavation part a is always filled with mud, the pit wall of the excavated underground pit is repaired by itself in the same state as when no excessive excavation is performed, and the underground pit is always in a good state. Can be constructed. Further, since no gap is formed between the shield body and the ground, the backfill material can be saved.

In the earth pressure shield excavator described above and the earth pressure shield construction method using the earth pressure shield excavator,
Even if the amount of projection of the copy cutter 3 from the end of the cutter spoke 2b is smaller than that of the conventional technique, the remaining portion b can be sufficiently excavated, and the stroke of the copy cutter 3 does not become extremely large. In addition to this, it is possible to perform extra excavation for excavating an underground pit with a rectangular cross section within the range of the stroke normally allowed, but also to correct the direction of the shield machine and curve construction with the extra stroke It is also possible to design so as to be able to perform extra excavation to perform the work. Each invention of this application can also be applied to a mid-fold type earth pressure type shield excavator and a middle-fold type earth pressure type shield construction method, whereby it is also possible to perform vertical and horizontal direction correction and sharp curve construction . Further, the present invention can also be applied to an earth pressure shield excavator having three or more cutter heads 2 or an earth pressure shield construction method.

[0027]

As is apparent from the above description, the first of this application relating to the earth pressure shield method for excavating a rectangular section.
In the second and the second inventions, the first and second inventions of this application relating to the earth pressure shield excavator employ the means of 1) and 2) in the section of "Means for Solving the Problems", respectively. Therefore, each of the inventions employs the means 3) and 4) in the section of "Means for Solving the Problems", so that both of the inventions cooperate with the cutter head and the copy cutter to form a rectangular cross section underground. When excavating a pit, the bending moment acting on the copy cutter can be made smaller than in the prior art. Further, in each of these inventions, since uncut portions are formed particularly at the four corners in the rectangular cross section of the shield main body, rolling of the shield main body can be prevented. When embodying the first or second invention of this application relating to an earth pressure type shield construction method for excavating a rectangular cross section, in particular, if it is embodied as described in claim 3 of the appended claims, The excavated part of the ground where the excavation was carried out from the rectangular cross-section was always filled with mud, so the excavated underground pit wall was the same as when there was no excessive excavation The underground pit can be constructed in a good condition at all times by itself. Also, since there is no gap between the shield body and the ground,
Backfill material can also be saved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of an earth pressure shield machine according to the first invention of the present application for digging an underground pit having a square cross section.

FIG. 2 is a front view of an embodiment of an earth pressure shield machine according to the second invention of the present application for excavating an underground pit having a rectangular cross section.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the earth pressure type shield machine shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Shield body 1a Partition wall 1b chamber 2 cutter head 2a Cutter boss 2b cutter spoke 2c cutter bit 2d stirring blade 2e injection port 3 Copy cutter 4 cutter drive 5 Screw conveyor 8 Shield jack a Excessive drilling part b Excavation s Rotation locus of the tip of the cutter spoke

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A shield body having a square cross section, a cutter head having a cutter bit attached to a rotatably driven cut spoke, and a cutter head which is housed in the cut spoke and is protruded from the tip of the cut spoke. In the earth pressure shield method for excavating a square cross-section underground pit using a earth pressure shield excavator equipped with a copy cutter that performs extra excavation, the rotation trajectory of the tip of the cutout spoke is shielded. Excessive excavation is performed by protruding from the four sides of the square cross section of the main body, and
A cutter head is formed and arranged so that uncut portions are formed at the four corners of the square cross section, and the cutter head and the copy cutter cooperate to excavate an underground pit having a square cross section. An earth pressure shield method for excavating a rectangular section, characterized in that: 2. A shield body having a rectangular cross section, a plurality of cutter heads which are configured by attaching a cutter bit to a cut-and-spoke spoke that is driven to rotate, and arranged so as to partially overlap the rotation trajectories; An earth pressure shield for excavating an underground pit with a rectangular cross section using an excavator that is provided with a copy cutter that can be retracted and is protruded from the tip of the cut spokes to perform excavation In the method of construction, the rotation trajectory of the tip of the Katas spokes protrudes from each long side of the rectangular cross section of the shield body, and excessive excavation is performed, and at least four corners of the rectangular cross section are left undigged. A plurality of cutter heads are formed and arranged so that a part is formed. An earth pressure shield method for excavating a rectangular section, characterized in that the excavation is performed. 3. The earth pressure shield method for excavating a rectangular cross section according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressure of the mud is set so that the excess excavation portion of the ground where excessive excavation has been performed is filled with mud. An earth pressure shield method for excavating a rectangular section, characterized in that the pressure is controlled. 4. A shield body having a square cross section, a cutter head having a cutter bit attached to a rotatable cutter spoke, and a cutter head which is housed in the cutter spoke so as to be able to protrude and retract from the tip of the cutter spoke. In the earth pressure type shield excavator provided with a copy cutter that performs extra excavation, the rotation trajectory of the tip of the cutout spoke protrudes from the four sides of the square cross section of the shield body, and excessive excavation is performed, and A cutter head is formed so that uncut parts are formed at the four corners of this square cross section,
An earth-pressure shield excavator, which is arranged and cooperates with the cutter head and a copy cutter to excavate an underground pit having a square cross section. 5. A shield body having a rectangular cross section, a plurality of cutter heads which are constructed by attaching a cutter bit to a rotatably driven cut spoke and arranged so as to partially overlap the rotation trajectories; In an earth pressure type shield excavator provided with a copy cutter that can be retracted and protruded from the tip of the Kata's spoke to perform excavation, the rotation locus of the tip of the Kata's spoke is each long side of the rectangular cross section of the shield body A plurality of cutter heads are formed and arranged such that excessive excavation is performed while protruding from the outside, and at least four corners of the rectangular cross section are left unexcavated. An earth pressure shield machine capable of excavating an underground pit having a rectangular cross section in cooperation with the earth tunnel.