CN112760688A - Electrolyte solution for carbon plating and preparation and use methods thereof - Google Patents
Electrolyte solution for carbon plating and preparation and use methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112760688A CN112760688A CN202110250598.XA CN202110250598A CN112760688A CN 112760688 A CN112760688 A CN 112760688A CN 202110250598 A CN202110250598 A CN 202110250598A CN 112760688 A CN112760688 A CN 112760688A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/04—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials
- C25D9/08—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electrolyte solution for carbon plating and a preparation and use method thereof. The electrolyte solution for carbon plating consists of a carbon source compound, a conductive synergist and a solvent. During preparation, a carbon source compound is dissolved in a solvent, then the conductive synergist is added, and the mixture is stirred until the carbon source compound is completely dissolved, so that the electrolyte solution for carbon plating is obtained. When in use, a metal part to be plated is immersed into the electrolyte solution for carbon plating, the metal part is connected with the negative electrode of an external circuit, the positive electrode is a carbon electrode, and the metal part is electrified for 3 to 10 minutes under the direct current voltage of 1.3 to 5V, so that a uniform and firm carbon film can be formed on the surface of the metal part. The carbon-plated layer can be used as an anti-corrosion and anti-rust layer of a metal structural member and also can be used as a self-lubricating layer on the surface of a movable part. The carbon-plated metal wire can be used as a carbon electrode instead of a glassy carbon electrode and a graphite electrode, and can also be used as an electrode blank for manufacturing an ion selective electrode, thereby being beneficial to realizing the solidification and the miniaturization of the electrode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal surface treatment, and particularly relates to an electrolyte solution for electroplating a carbon film on a metal surface, and a preparation method and a use method thereof.
Background
When a metal material is used as a structural member, the service life of the metal material is limited by the corrosion resistance and the rust resistance. The anticorrosive and antirust coating is used as a surface protective layer of the metal structural part, so that the metal structural part has the defects of complex construction, easy peeling of the coating and the like, the surface of the metal structural part needs to be cleaned regularly, and a large amount of manpower and material resources need to be consumed when a new anticorrosive and antirust coating is coated; further, when metal is used as a rotating member, the surface thereof is frequently supplemented with lubricating oil in order to reduce the surface friction thereof. When a metal wire is used as a conductor for an ion-selective electrode, a built-in electrolyte solution is usually required between the metal wire and the ion-sensitive membrane as a salt bridge because of the interfacial conduction barrier between the ion-sensitive membrane and the metal, so that the sensing signal from the sensitive membrane can reach the metal wire and be transmitted to a detection circuit. The invention aims to provide a solution for the problems of corrosion resistance, rust resistance, surface self-lubrication, interface conduction barriers and the like of metal materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to form a uniform carbonaceous coating on the surface of metal, which plays the roles of corrosion resistance, rust resistance, self lubrication and a conducting medium, and provides an electrolyte solution for carbon plating and a preparation and use method thereof.
The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
the electrolyte solution for carbon plating consists of a carbon source compound, a conductive synergist and a solvent, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon source compound to the conductive synergist is 3: 1-5: 1, and the total weight of the carbon source compound and the conductive synergist accounts for 15-30% of the total weight of the electrolyte solution.
Preferably, the carbon source compound is a compound formed by combining imidazole cations and chloride ions.
Furthermore, the imidazole cation is one or more of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole and 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazole.
Preferably, the conductive synergist is one of aluminum chloride and magnesium chloride.
Preferably, the solvent is a strongly polar, high dielectric constant, high boiling organic compound, including but not limited to formamide, dimethylformamide, and diethylformamide.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the electrolyte solution for carbon plating according to any one of the above schemes, which comprises the following steps: dissolving a carbon source compound in a solvent, adding a conductive synergist, and stirring until the carbon source compound is completely dissolved to obtain the electrolyte solution for carbon plating.
The invention also provides a use method of the electrolyte solution for carbon plating according to any one of the above schemes, which comprises the following steps: and immersing the metal part in the electrolyte solution and connecting the metal part to a negative electrode of a direct current power supply, connecting a positive electrode of the direct current power supply to a carbon rod immersed in the electrolyte solution, applying a voltage of 1.3V to 5V to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and electrifying for 3 to 10 minutes to obtain the metal part coated with the carbon film.
Preferably, the material of the metal part is one or more of iron, cobalt and nickel.
The electrolyte solution for carbon plating can be used for forming a carbon-plated layer on the surface of a metal part, and the carbon-plated layer can be used as an anti-corrosion and anti-rust layer of a metal structural part and also can be used as a self-lubricating layer on the surface of a movable part. The carbon-plated metal wire with the carbon-plated layer can be used as a carbon electrode instead of a glassy carbon electrode and a graphite electrode, and can also be used as an electrode blank for manufacturing an ion selective electrode, thereby being beneficial to realizing the solidification and miniaturization of the electrode.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated and described with reference to specific embodiments. The technical features of the various implementations may be combined without conflict with each other and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.
The electrolyte solution for carbon plating provided by the invention comprises a carbon source compound, a conductive synergist and a solvent, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon source compound to the conductive synergist is 3: 1-5: 1, and the carbon source compound and the conductive synergist account for 15-30% of the total weight of the electrolyte solution.
The carbon source compound adopted by the invention is a compound combining imidazole cations and chloride ions. The imidazole cations are represented by: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole and 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazole.
The imidazole compound belongs to an ionic organic compound, and can be dissociated into anions and cations after being dissolved, so that the electrolyte solution has conductivity. The carbon source compound may also be a compound in which an imidazole cation is combined with another anion, such as thiocyanoimidazole. However, imidazole chloride is a commercially available product, while imidazole thiocyanate is not available, and the use effect is not significantly different, so that imidazole chloride is recommended.
The conductive synergist adopted by the invention is one of aluminum chloride and magnesium chloride. If imidazole thiocyanate is used as the carbon source compound, magnesium thiocyanate or sodium thiocyanate may be used as the conductive synergist. The conductive synergist acts to increase the conductivity of the solution. Aluminum chloride and magnesium chloride can also form eutectic mixture with imidazole chloride, and the freezing point and the viscosity of the system are reduced. The conductive synergist can also be aluminum thiocyanate or magnesium thiocyanate. However, aluminum chloride and magnesium chloride are commercially available products, and aluminum thiocyanate and magnesium thiocyanate are not available and have no significant difference in use effect, so that the use of aluminum chloride and magnesium chloride is recommended.
The solvent used in the present invention is a strongly polar, high dielectric constant, high boiling point organic compound, including but not limited to formamide, dimethylformamide, diethylformamide.
The organic solvent has stable chemical property, can not generate chemical reaction with other components in the electrolyte solution, has no corrosion to the electrode, and does not participate in the electrochemical reaction in the electroplating process. The strong polar solvent has strong dissolving capacity and dissociation capacity to the imidazole salt and the synergist, and the formed solution has high conductivity. The high boiling point solvent can improve the safety of the using process.
The preparation method of the electrolyte solution for carbon plating provided by the invention comprises the following steps: dissolving a carbon source compound in a solvent, adding a conductive synergist, and stirring until the carbon source compound is completely dissolved to obtain the electrolyte solution for carbon plating. Wherein the weight ratio of the carbon source compound to the conductive synergist is 3:1 to 5:1, and the carbon source compound and the conductive synergist account for 15 to 30 percent of the total weight of the electrolyte solution. After the solution is prepared, the solution is stored in a sealed way to prevent moisture absorption; before use, the product needs to be heated and dehumidified.
The invention provides a using method of an electrolyte solution for carbon plating, which comprises the steps of immersing a metal part in the electrolyte solution and connecting the metal part to a negative electrode of a direct current power supply, connecting a positive electrode of the direct current power supply to a carbon rod immersed in the electrolyte solution, applying a voltage of 1.3V to 5V to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and electrifying for 3 to 10 minutes to obtain the metal part coated with a carbon film.
The metal component material adopted by the invention is one of iron, cobalt and nickel or the alloy of the iron, the cobalt and the nickel.
In the carbon plating process, imidazole cations are gathered towards the metal cathode under the action of an external electric field and are catalytically degraded on the surface of the metal cathode to form simple substance carbon which is coated on the surface of the metal cathode.
The carbon-plated layer can be used as an anti-corrosion and anti-rust layer of a metal structural member, compared with an anti-corrosion and anti-rust coating technology, the carbon-plated layer is green and environment-friendly, and carbon permeates into the metal surface, so that the carbon-plated layer has stronger adhesive force and durability.
The metal parts treated by carbon plating have self-lubricating surfaces and are suitable for oil-free bearings and the like. Because the electroplating carbon layer permeates into the metal surface, the lubricating effect is durable.
The metal member may be in any shape, and a wire may be used when preparing the metal electrode. The carbon-plated metal wire prepared by the invention has the same surface properties as those of a glassy carbon electrode and a graphite electrode, such as chemical stability and electrical conductivity, and simultaneously has the flexibility of metal, and the carbon-plated metal wire can be used as a substitute in occasions needing to use the glassy carbon electrode and the graphite electrode. In addition, the metal wires penetrate into the lower part of the carbon-plated layer, and the surface of the carbon-plated layer has affinity with sensitive films of a plurality of ion-selective electrodes, so that the ion-selective electrodes made of the carbon-plated metal wires do not need to use built-in electrolyte solution as a conducting medium, and the solidification and miniaturization of the electrodes are favorably realized.
The following describes a specific embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
Adding 25 g of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and 70 g of formamide into a beaker, stirring to dissolve, then adding 5 g of aluminum trichloride, and stirring to completely dissolve to obtain the electrolyte solution for carbon plating.
Example 2
10 g of 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazole and 85 g of diethylformamide are added into a beaker, stirred and dissolved, then 5 g of aluminum trichloride is added, and the mixture is stirred until the mixture is completely dissolved, so that the electrolyte solution for carbon plating is obtained.
Example 3
15 g of 1-butyl 3-methylimidazole and 82 g of dimethylformamide are added into a beaker, stirred and dissolved, then 3 g of magnesium chloride is added, and stirred until the magnesium chloride is completely dissolved, so that the electrolyte solution for carbon plating is obtained.
Example 4
20 g of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole and 75 g of formamide are added into a beaker, stirred and dissolved, then 5 g of magnesium chloride is added, and stirred until the magnesium chloride is completely dissolved, so that the electrolyte solution for carbon plating is obtained.
Example 5
An iron piece was immersed in the electrolyte solution prepared in example 1, and connected to the negative electrode of a dc power supply, and the positive electrode was a carbon rod, and energized at 5V for 3 minutes to obtain a metal part coated with a carbon film.
Example 6
A cobalt rod was immersed in the electrolyte solution prepared in example 2, and connected to the negative electrode of a dc power supply, and the positive electrode was a carbon rod, and the voltage was 1.3V, and energization was carried out for 3 to 10 minutes, thereby obtaining a metal part coated with a carbon film.
Example 7
The nickel wire was immersed in the electrolyte solution prepared in example 3, and connected to the negative electrode of a dc power supply, and the positive electrode was a carbon rod, and the voltage was 1.5V, and energization was carried out for 5 minutes, to obtain a metal part coated with a carbon film.
Example 8
A permalloy (iron-nickel alloy) ring was immersed in the electrolyte solution prepared in example 4, and connected to the negative electrode of a dc power supply, the positive electrode was a carbon rod, and a voltage of 2V was applied for 6 minutes to obtain a metal part coated with a carbon film.
Example 9
An iron-cobalt-nickel alloy (super invar) ball was immersed in the electrolyte solution prepared in example 1, and connected to the negative electrode of a dc power supply, the positive electrode was a carbon rod, and the voltage was 3V, and energization was carried out for 3 minutes, to obtain a metal part coated with a carbon film.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scheme obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The electrolyte solution for carbon plating is characterized by comprising a carbon source compound, a conductive synergist and a solvent, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon source compound to the conductive synergist is 3: 1-5: 1, and the total weight of the carbon source compound and the conductive synergist accounts for 15-30% of the total weight of the electrolyte solution.
2. The carbon-plating electrolyte solution according to claim 1, wherein the carbon source compound is a compound in which imidazolium cations are bonded to chloride ions.
3. The carbon-plating electrolyte solution according to claim 2, wherein the imidazole-based cation is one or more of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole, and 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazole.
4. The carbon-plating electrolyte solution according to claim 1, wherein the conductivity enhancer is one of aluminum chloride and magnesium chloride.
5. The carbon-plating electrolyte solution according to claim 1 wherein the solvent is a strongly polar, high dielectric constant, high boiling point organic compound including but not limited to formamide, dimethylformamide and diethylformamide.
6. A method for preparing the electrolyte solution for carbon plating according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electrolyte solution for carbon plating is obtained by dissolving a carbon source compound in a solvent, adding a conductive synergist, and stirring until the conductive synergist is completely dissolved.
7. A method of using the electrolyte solution for carbon plating according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a metal member is immersed in the electrolyte solution and connected to a negative electrode of a DC power supply, a positive electrode of the DC power supply is connected to a carbon rod immersed in the electrolyte solution, and a voltage of 1.3V to 5V is applied to the positive and negative electrodes, and the metal member coated with a carbon film is obtained by applying a current for 3 to 10 minutes.
8. The method of using an electrolyte solution for carbon plating according to claim 7, wherein the material of the metal member is one or more of iron, cobalt, and nickel.
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