CN112760526A - Powder metallurgy aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Powder metallurgy aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/08—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of toothed articles, e.g. gear wheels; of cam discs
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/18—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with zinc
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention relates to a powder metallurgy aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear and a preparation method thereof, and the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear is characterized in that the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: cu: 0.1-7%, Mg: 0.1% -5%, Si: 0.1% -40%, Zn: 0% -10%, Sn: 0% -1%, reinforcing phase: 0 to 10 percent of Al, and the balance of Al. The preparation method is simple and convenient to process, and the prepared powder metallurgy aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear is light in weight, has the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance and high hardness, is beneficial to meeting the requirement of light weight of an automobile, and is beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear and a method for preparing the aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear by adopting the powder metallurgy technology.
Background
At present, the total mass of the automobile is reduced on the premise of ensuring the running safety of the automobile, and the oil consumption of the automobile in the running process is reduced to a certain extent, so that the consumption of primary energy is reduced. And the light weight technology is an important means for realizing energy conservation and emission reduction. The lightweight technology comprises lightweight design and lightweight materials, the latter mainly refers to the adoption of lightweight materials with low density and high strength, wherein the aluminum alloy material is one of the best choices of the lightweight materials.
The traditional aluminum alloy processing modes comprise rolling, extruding, stretching, casting, forging and the like, and the raw materials of the processing modes adopt aluminum billet ingots, so that the utilization rate of the raw materials is low. The powder metallurgy aluminum alloy material combines the low density characteristic of aluminum alloy with the near-net-shape characteristic of the powder metallurgy process, has the unique advantages of high material utilization rate, low production cost, good comprehensive performance and the like, becomes one of the main development directions of automobile light weight, and has wide application prospect.
At present, a chain wheel or a gear piece used by a variable valve timing control system of an automobile engine is usually an iron-based machining product or a powder metallurgy product, and the iron-based product has large weight, is not beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction, is easy to rust and has high maintenance cost. The powder metallurgy aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear has the advantages of light weight and corrosion resistance, and the mechanical property meets the use requirement.
For example, the Chinese patent application of invention, namely 'wear-resistant aluminum alloy material for a gear pump floating side plate and a preparation method thereof', with the patent application number of CN201810057747.9 (with the application publication number of CN108251725A), discloses a wear-resistant aluminum alloy material for a gear pump floating side plate and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of gear pumps, and the wear-resistant aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 0.7-1.6%; fe: 0.06-0.14%; cu: 3.5-4.7%; mn: 0.54-0.72%; mg: 0.73-1.62%; zn: 0.006-0.17%; ni: 0.008-0.15%; ti: 0.01-0.07%; sn is less than or equal to 6.4 percent; the balance being Al. The prepared aluminum alloy has high strength, good wear resistance and light weight, but the aluminum alloy has complex components, narrow regulation and control range of each component and lower hardness.
Disclosure of Invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a powder metallurgy aluminum alloy sprocket or gear having high hardness and good wear resistance in view of the current state of the prior art.
The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a powder metallurgy aluminum alloy sprocket or gear with high hardness and good wear resistance, aiming at the current situation of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the first technical problem is as follows: the aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear for powder metallurgy is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: cu: 0.1-7%, Mg: 0.1% -5%, Si: 0.1% -40%, Zn: 0% -10%, Sn: 0% -1%, reinforcing phase: 0 to 10 percent of Al, and the balance of Al.
Preferably, the reinforcing phase is one of SiC, Al2O3, graphite, copper-clad graphite, sulfide, and fluoride. The adoption of the reinforcing phase is beneficial to improving the wear resistance and hardness of the aluminum alloy.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the second technical problem is as follows: the preparation method of the aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear for powder metallurgy is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps of:
1) the aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: cu: 0.1-7%, Mg: 0.1% -5%, Si: 0.1% -40%, Zn: 0% -10%, Sn: 0% -1%, reinforcing phase volume ratio: 0-10 percent of Al and the balance of Al;
2) material mixing and powder mixing: mixing the components, uniformly mixing powder mixed with Al, Si, Cu, Mg, Zn and Sn in a mixer, and adding 0.5-2% of lubricant during mixing;
3) forming: carrying out die pressing forming on the mixed powder obtained in the step 2) to obtain a green body of the aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear, wherein the pressing pressure is 100-700 MPa, and the forming density is 2.2-2.65 g/cm 3;
4) and (3) sintering: putting the green body obtained in the step 3) into a sintering furnace to obtain a densified aluminum alloy sintered part;
5) solution treatment: putting the sintered part in the step 4) into a solid solution furnace for heat preservation treatment;
6) aging treatment: and (3) placing the part subjected to solid solution into an aging furnace for aging treatment, wherein the aging atmosphere is air.
The solid solution furnace is a mesh belt furnace, a pit furnace, a box furnace or a vacuum furnace; in the last step, sand blasting, roll finishing and brushing treatment are carried out, and anodic oxidation treatment, micro-arc oxidation treatment and coating treatment are carried out according to requirements.
Specifically, in the step 2), the elements of Si, Cu, Mg, Zn and Sn are added in the form of element powder or master alloy powder and pre-alloy powder, wherein the master alloy powder and the pre-alloy powder are any two-element, three-element or multi-element alloy powder of Al, Si, Cu, Mg, Zn and Sn.
Specifically, in the step 4), the sintering process comprises degreasing and sintering, wherein the degreasing temperature is 400-500 ℃, the degreasing heat preservation time is 15-90 min, the sintering temperature is 510-620 ℃, the sintering heat preservation time is 10-120 min, and the sintering atmosphere is one or more mixed protective atmospheres of nitrogen, vacuum conditions, decomposed ammonia and hydrogen. When the sintering temperature is too low or the heat preservation time is not enough, the sintering neck is not good, and when the sintering temperature is too high or the heat preservation time is too long, "overburning" is caused, the mechanical property and the wear resistance of the material are reduced.
Preferably, in the step 5), the solid solution temperature is 460-540 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5-5 hours, the protective atmosphere is one or more of air, nitrogen, vacuum conditions, decomposed ammonia and hydrogen, and after the solid solution heat preservation is finished, quenching treatment is performed immediately to enable the aluminum matrix to be in a metastable state of a supersaturated solid solution.
Specifically, the time for moving into the quenching liquid after the solid solution is finished is less than 30s, the temperature of the quenching liquid is lower than 70 ℃, the concentration of the supersaturated solid solution is greatly reduced due to the overhigh temperature of the quenching liquid, and the final strength and hardness are also correspondingly and remarkably reduced.
Specifically, in the step 6), the aging temperature is within the range of 20-200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-72 hours. If the aging temperature is too low or the heat preservation time is too short, "underaging" is caused, and the precipitation of the strengthening phase is insufficient; the aging temperature is too high or the heat preservation time is too long, so that the 'overaging' is caused, and the precipitated phase grows and coarsens; both of these conditions result in significant reductions in strength, hardness, and wear resistance.
Specifically, the shaping process is performed after step 6) or after step 4) or between step 5) and step 6), that is, the gear or the sprocket is placed in a shaping die and extruded to obtain a desired size.
Preferably, step 4 and step 5) are combined into a single process, and a sintering and solid solution integrated mesh belt furnace is adopted, wherein the sintering and solid solution integrated mesh belt furnace comprises four zones, namely a sintering zone for dewaxing and sintering, a buffer zone for reducing the temperature to a set temperature, a solid solution zone for carrying out solid solution treatment and a quenching zone for rapid cooling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear at least comprises Cu, Mg, Si and Al to form Al2Cu、Mg2Si、Al2The invention has the advantages of simple preparation method and convenient processing, and the prepared powder metallurgy aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear has light weight, has the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance and high hardness, and has the advantages of good hardness, wear resistance and light weightThe automobile light-weight automobile is beneficial to meeting the requirement of automobile light weight, and is beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a powder metallurgy aluminum alloy sprocket in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a powder morphology of Al, Al-Si alloy, Cu, Al-Mg, raw materials used in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a metallographic structure at 200 magnification of the product in the sintered state according to example 1;
FIG. 5 is a metallographic structure at 500 magnification of the product in the sintered state according to example 1;
FIG. 6 is an SEM image of the fracture morphology at magnification of 1000 in the sintered state of example 1;
FIG. 7 is an SEM image of the fracture morphology at 2000 magnification in the as-sintered state of example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a first preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown.
The preparation method of the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy sprocket comprises the following steps in sequence:
1) mixing materials: placing Al-27Si alloy powder, 2.6 wt% of electrolytic copper powder, Al-50Mg alloy powder, pure Al powder and 1.5 wt% of lubricant in a stirrer to stir for 45min to prepare Al-15.5Si-2.6Cu-0.65Mg components, wherein the component design is shown in Table 1, and the appearance of the used powder is shown in figure 2;
2) forming: pressing the mixed powder obtained in the step 1) on a forming press to form an aluminum alloy sprocket green body, wherein the forming pressure is 200MPa, and the forming density is 2.4g/cm 3;
3) and (3) sintering: and (3) putting the chain wheel green body obtained in the step 2) into a mesh belt furnace for sintering to obtain an aluminum alloy sintered part, wherein the sintering process comprises degreasing and sintering, the degreasing temperature is 400 ℃, the heat preservation time for degreasing is 50min, the sintering temperature is 550-570 ℃, the heat preservation time for sintering is 50min, the sintering atmosphere is nitrogen, the dew point in the furnace is less than or equal to minus 40 ℃, the density of a sintered product is 2.5g/cm3, the metallographic structure after sintering is shown in figure 3, primary crystal silicon and precipitated silicon are distributed in crystal interior or on crystal boundary, and the primary crystal silicon and the precipitated silicon are uniformly distributed in a matrix. The sintered fracture photo is shown in fig. 4, the existence of the original powder can not be observed, a large amount of tearing edges and a small amount of dimples exist, which indicates that the sintering is good, and the HRB hardness of the sintered product reaches 40;
4) and (3) heat treatment: carrying out solution treatment on the sintered product at 500 ℃ for 1.5h, then rapidly quenching with water, and then aging at 180 ℃ for 5h, wherein the HRB hardness of the heat-treated product can reach 70;
5) shaping: extruding and deforming the heat-treated chain wheel in a shaping die, correcting size deformation generated by sintering and heat treatment to achieve the size and form tolerance required by a drawing, and improving the density of a product, wherein the density of the whole product is 2.55g/cm3, and the HRB hardness is 75;
6) and (3) rolling finish: performing roll finishing treatment on the shaped product to improve the appearance quality of the product;
7) machining: according to the requirement of the drawing size of the chain wheel, machining is carried out to meet the requirement of the drawing, the structure of the obtained chain wheel is shown in figure 1, and the chain wheel comprises a shaft hole 11 positioned in the center of the chain wheel and a plurality of teeth 12 positioned on the periphery of the chain wheel and arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction. The sintered aluminum alloy sprocket mass is reduced from approximately 230g to 85g compared to the same sintered steel sprocket. Because the mass is reduced, the corresponding dynamic response capability is improved, the performance and the efficiency of the engine are improved, and the fuel consumption is reduced.
Example 2:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 described above only in that: the forming pressure and the density of the step 2) are different, specifically, the forming pressure is 300Pa, and the forming density is 2.5g/cm3(ii) a The technological parameters of the step 3) are different, specifically, the degreasing temperature is 450 ℃, the heat preservation time of degreasing is 15min, the sintering temperature is 570 ℃, the heat preservation time of sintering is 120min, the density of the sintered product is 2.6g/cm3, the HRB hardness of the sintered product reaches 50, the solid solution temperature is 500 ℃, the solid solution heat preservation treatment time is 5h, and the aging temperature is 5hThe temperature is 200 ℃, the aging heat preservation time is 72h, and the HRB hardness after aging is 80; the density of the product in the whole form is 2.65g/cm3, and the HRB hardness is 80.
Example 3:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 described above only in that: the forming pressure and the density of the step 2) are different, specifically, the forming pressure is 450Pa, and the forming density is 2.45g/cm3(ii) a The process parameters of the step 3) are different, specifically, the degreasing temperature is 420 ℃, the heat preservation time of degreasing is 90min, the sintering temperature is 560 ℃, the heat preservation time of sintering is 10min, the density of the sintered product is 2.55g/cm3, the HRB hardness of the sintered product reaches 45, the solid solution temperature is 540 ℃, the solid solution heat preservation treatment time is 0.5h, the aging temperature is 20 ℃, the aging heat preservation time is 30h, the HRB hardness after aging is 75, the density of the product in the whole form is 2.6g/cm3, and the HRB hardness is 70.
Example 4:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 described above only in that: the molding pressure and the density of the step 2) are different, specifically, the molding pressure is 100Pa, and the molding density is 2.2g/cm3(ii) a The process parameters of the step 3) are different, specifically, the degreasing temperature is 500 ℃, the heat preservation time of degreasing is 15min, the sintering temperature is 510 ℃, the heat preservation time of sintering is 80min, the density of the sintered product is 2.5g/cm3, the HRB hardness of the sintered product reaches 45, the solid solution temperature is 480 ℃, the solid solution heat preservation treatment time is 5h, the aging temperature is 200 ℃, the aging heat preservation time is 0.5h, the HRB hardness after aging is 80, the density of the whole product is 2.6g/cm3, and the HRB hardness is 80.
Example 5:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 described above only in that: the components prepared in the step 1) are Al-15.5Si-2.6Cu-0.65Mg-0.15Sn, and the component design is specifically shown in Table 1; the forming pressure and the density of the step 2) are different, specifically, the forming pressure is 700Pa, and the forming density is 2.65g/cm 3; the process parameters of the step 3) are different, specifically, the degreasing temperature is 430 ℃, the heat preservation time of degreasing is 40min, the sintering temperature is 620 ℃, the heat preservation time of sintering is 10min, the density of the sintered product is 2.6g/cm3, the HRB hardness of the sintered product reaches 50, the solid solution temperature is 540 ℃, the solid solution heat preservation treatment time is 2.5h, the aging temperature is 150 ℃, the aging heat preservation time is 10h, the HRB hardness after aging is 78, the density of the product in the whole form is 2.65g/cm3, and the HRB hardness is 76. And (4) carrying out anodic oxidation treatment after machining in the step (7), and carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the product to improve the wear resistance of the product, wherein the thickness of the anodic oxidation film reaches 5 microns.
Example 6:
the preparation method of the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy sprocket comprises the following steps in sequence:
1) mixing materials: 3.5 wt% of electrolytic copper powder, Al-50Mg alloy powder, 0.25 wt% of pure Si powder, pure Al powder, 0.3 wt% of pure Sn powder, 1.5 wt% of lubricant and 5 vol% (volume percentage) of Al2O3The components of Al-3.5Cu-0.8Mg-0.25Si-0.3Sn are prepared, and the component design is shown in a table 1;
2) forming: pressing the mixed powder obtained in the step 1) on a forming press to form an aluminum alloy sprocket green body, wherein the forming pressure is 450MPa, and the forming density is 2.6g/cm 3;
3) and (3) sintering: placing the chain wheel green body obtained in the step 2) into a mesh belt furnace for sintering to obtain an aluminum alloy sintered part, wherein the sintering process comprises degreasing and sintering, the degreasing temperature is 450 ℃, the degreasing heat preservation time is 50min, the sintering temperature is 570 ℃, the sintering heat preservation time is 50min, the sintering atmosphere is nitrogen, the dew point in the furnace is less than or equal to-40 ℃, the density of a sintered product is 2.6g/cm3, and the HRB hardness of the sintered product reaches 55;
4) and (3) heat treatment: carrying out solution treatment on the sintered product at 510 ℃ for 1.5h, then rapidly quenching with water, and then aging at 140 ℃ for 8h, wherein the HRB hardness of the heat-treated product can reach 60;
5) shaping: extruding and deforming the heat-treated chain wheel in a shaping die, correcting size deformation generated by sintering and heat treatment to achieve the size and form tolerance required by a drawing, and improving the density of a product, wherein the density of the whole product is 2.85g/cm3, and the HRB hardness is 80;
6) and (3) rolling finish: performing roll finishing treatment on the shaped product to improve the appearance quality of the product;
7) machining: and machining according to the drawing size requirement of the chain wheel to meet the drawing requirement.
Example 7:
the preparation method of the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy sprocket comprises the following steps in sequence:
1) mixing materials: electrolytic copper powder, Al-50Mg alloy powder, pure Si powder, pure Al powder, pure Sn powder, pure Zn powder lubricant and 5 vol% (volume percentage) of Al2O3Adding a lubricant to prepare the components of Al-0.1Cu-5Mg-40Si-Sn-5Zn according to the composition design shown in the table 1;
2) forming: pressing the mixed powder obtained in the step 1) on a forming press to form an aluminum alloy sprocket green body, wherein the forming pressure is 450MPa, and the forming density is 2.6g/cm 3;
3) sintering and solution treatment: putting the chain wheel green body obtained in the step 2) into a sintering and solid-dissolving integrated mesh belt furnace, wherein the adopted atmosphere is nitrogen atmosphere, and the mesh belt furnace is divided into four zones: a sintering zone (dewaxing sintering action), a buffer zone (temperature is reduced to a set temperature), a solid solution zone (solid solution action) and a quenching zone (rapid cooling action), wherein an aluminum alloy sintered piece obtained by sintering is sent to the solid solution zone for solid solution treatment, and is sent to a die for quenching after solid solution is completed; the sintering process comprises degreasing and sintering, wherein the degreasing temperature is 450 ℃, the heat preservation time of degreasing is 50min, the sintering temperature is 570 ℃, the heat preservation time of sintering is 50min, the dew point in the furnace is less than or equal to minus 40 ℃, the density of a sintered product is 2.6g/cm3, and the HRB hardness of the sintered product reaches 55; carrying out solution treatment on the sintered product at 510 ℃ for 1.5h, then rapidly quenching with water, and then aging at 140 ℃ for 8h, wherein the HRB hardness of the heat-treated product can reach 60;
4) shaping: extruding and deforming the heat-treated chain wheel in a shaping die, correcting size deformation generated by sintering and heat treatment to achieve the size and form tolerance required by a drawing, and improving the density of a product, wherein the density of the whole product is 2.85g/cm3, and the HRB hardness is 80;
5) and (3) rolling finish: performing roll finishing treatment on the shaped product to improve the appearance quality of the product;
6) machining: and machining according to the drawing size requirement of the chain wheel to meet the drawing requirement.
The reinforcing phase in the above embodiments may also employ: one of SiC, graphite, sulfide and fluoride.
Example 8:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 described above only in that: the component design in step 1) is different, and is specifically shown in table 1; the molding pressure and the density of the step 2) are different, specifically, the molding pressure is 100Pa, and the molding density is 2.2g/cm3(ii) a The process parameters of the step 3) are different, specifically, the degreasing temperature is 500 ℃, the heat preservation time of degreasing is 15min, the sintering temperature is 510 ℃, the heat preservation time of sintering is 80min, the density of the sintered product is 2.5g/cm3, the HRB hardness of the sintered product reaches 45, the solid solution temperature is 480 ℃, the solid solution heat preservation treatment time is 5h, the aging temperature is 200 ℃, the aging heat preservation time is 0.5h, the HRB hardness after aging is 80, the density of the whole product is 2.6g/cm3, and the HRB hardness is 80.
TABLE 1 summary of chemical composition of examples (wt/%, by mass%)
| Cu | Mg | Si | Zn | Sn | Reinforcing phase | Lubricant agent | Al | |
| 1 | 2.6 | 0.65 | 15.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.5 | Balance of |
| 2 | 2.6 | 0.65 | 15.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.5 | Balance of |
| 3 | 2.6 | 0.65 | 15.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.5 | Balance of |
| 4 | 2.6 | 0.65 | 15.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.5 | Balance of |
| 5 | 2.6 | 0.65 | 15.5 | 0 | 0.15 | 0 | 1.5 | Balance of |
| 6 | 3.5 | 0.8 | 0.25 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | 1.5 | Balance of |
| 7 | 0.1 | 5 | 40 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | Balance of |
| 8 | 7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 10 | 0.6 | 2 | 0.5 | Balance of |
TABLE 2 summary of the Process parameters for the examples
TABLE 3 summary of Performance parameters for various examples
Claims (10)
1. The aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear for powder metallurgy is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: cu: 0.1-7%, Mg: 0.1% -5%, Si: 0.1% -40%, Zn: 0% -10%, Sn: 0% -1%, reinforcing phase: 0 to 10 percent of Al, and the balance of Al.
2. The aluminum alloy sprocket or gear of claim 1, wherein: the reinforcing phase is one of SiC, Al2O3, graphite, copper-coated graphite, sulfide and fluoride.
3. The method for producing a powder metallurgy aluminum alloy sprocket or gear according to claim 1, comprising the steps of, in order:
1) the aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: cu: 0.1-7%, Mg: 0.1% -5%, Si: 0.1% -40%, Zn: 0% -10%, Sn: 0% -1%, volume percentage of reinforcing phase: 0-10 percent of Al and the balance of Al;
2) material mixing and powder mixing: mixing the components, uniformly mixing powder mixed with Al, Si, Cu, Mg, Zn and Sn in a mixer, and adding 0.5-2% of lubricant during mixing;
3) forming: carrying out die pressing forming on the mixed powder obtained in the step 2) to obtain a green body of the aluminum alloy chain wheel or gear, wherein the pressing pressure is 100-700 MPa, and the forming density is 2.2-2.65 g/cm 3;
4) and (3) sintering: putting the green body obtained in the step 3) into a sintering furnace to obtain a densified aluminum alloy sintered part;
5) solution treatment: putting the sintered part in the step 4) into a solid solution furnace for heat preservation treatment;
6) aging treatment: and (3) placing the part subjected to solid solution into an aging furnace for aging treatment, wherein the aging atmosphere is air.
4. The aluminum alloy sprocket or gear of claim 3, wherein: in the step 2), the Si, Cu, Mg, Zn and Sn elements are added in the form of element powder or master alloy powder and pre-alloy powder, wherein the master alloy powder and the pre-alloy powder are any two-element, three-element or multi-element alloy powder of Al, Si, Cu, Mg, Zn and Sn.
5. The aluminum alloy sprocket or gear of claim 3, wherein: in the step 4), the sintering process comprises degreasing and sintering, wherein the degreasing temperature is 400-500 ℃, the degreasing heat preservation time is 15-90 min, the sintering temperature is 510-620 ℃, the sintering heat preservation time is 10-120 min, and the sintering atmosphere is one or more of nitrogen, vacuum conditions and a mixed protective atmosphere of decomposed ammonia and hydrogen.
6. The aluminum alloy sprocket or gear of claim 3, wherein: in the step 5), the solid solution temperature is 460-540 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5-5 hours, the protective atmosphere is one or more mixed atmosphere of air, nitrogen, vacuum condition, decomposed ammonia and hydrogen, and the quenching treatment is performed immediately after the solid solution heat preservation is finished.
7. The aluminum alloy sprocket or gear of claim 6, wherein: the time for moving into the quenching liquid after the end of the solid solution is less than 30s, and the temperature of the quenching liquid is lower than 70 ℃.
8. The aluminum alloy sprocket or gear of claim 3, wherein: in the step 6), the aging temperature is within the range of 20-200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-72 hours.
9. The aluminum alloy sprocket or gear of claim 3, wherein: after step 6) or after step 4) or between step 5) and step 6) a shaping process is performed, i.e. the gear or sprocket is placed in a shaping die and extruded to obtain the desired dimensions.
10. The aluminum alloy sprocket or gear of claim 3, wherein: step 4 and step 5) are combined into a process, and a sintering and solid solution integrated mesh belt furnace is adopted, wherein the sintering and solid solution integrated mesh belt furnace comprises four areas, namely a sintering area for dewaxing and sintering, a buffer area for reducing the temperature to a set temperature, a solid solution area for carrying out solid solution treatment and a quenching area for rapid cooling.
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