CN112759465A - Special fertilizer for industrial hemp and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Special fertilizer for industrial hemp and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112759465A
CN112759465A CN202110267255.4A CN202110267255A CN112759465A CN 112759465 A CN112759465 A CN 112759465A CN 202110267255 A CN202110267255 A CN 202110267255A CN 112759465 A CN112759465 A CN 112759465A
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fertilizer
parts
percent
industrial hemp
soil
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王劲松
张勤斌
黄兴泉
杨金良
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Yunnan Muya Agricultural Technology Co ltd
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Yunnan Muya Agricultural Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12—Granules or flakes

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a special fertilizer for industrial hemp and a preparation method thereof, and the special fertilizer comprises a fertilizer A used as a base fertilizer, a fertilizer B used for primary topdressing and a fertilizer C used for secondary topdressing, wherein when the special fertilizer is used for soil with poor fertility, the total nutrient of the fertilizer A is 31.00 percent, the total nutrient of the fertilizer B is 30.00 percent and the total nutrient of the fertilizer C is 42.00 percent; when the fertilizer is used for low-fertility soil, the total nutrient of the fertilizer A is 29.00 percent, the total nutrient of the fertilizer B is 30.00 percent, and the total nutrient of the fertilizer C is 35.00 percent; when the fertilizer is used for medium-fertility soil, the total nutrient of the fertilizer A is 25.00 percent, the total nutrient of the fertilizer B is 27.00 percent, and the total nutrient of the fertilizer C is 31.00 percent. The invention provides a reasonable special fertilizer according to the planting requirement of industrial hemp, and reasonably prepares a special fertilizer for industrial hemp according to different soil conditions and different fertilizing time, wherein the special fertilizer comprises a base fertilizer, a first additional fertilizer and a second additional fertilizer, and the optimal yield can be obtained by adopting the scientific and reasonable optimal fertilizing amount.

Description

Special fertilizer for industrial hemp and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of special fertilizers for crops, in particular to a special fertilizer for industrial hemp and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cannabis is a general term for plants of the genus cannabis of the family Moraceae, and contains various cannabinoids such as Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Cannabidiol (CBD), Tetrahydrocannabinoid (THCV) and Cannabigerol (CBG). Hemp has a long planting history, and the traditional hemp is mainly used for manufacturing processing ropes, clothes, paper-making raw materials, grease, food and the like. With the development and progress of society, it is found that cannabis sativa contains a toxic component THC which causes hallucinogenic addiction, and thus the planting of cannabis sativa is severely restricted in countries all over the world. Because of the high economic value of cannabis, some European countries have developed low-toxicity cannabis varieties and gained popularization and planting by the 80 s of the 20 th century.
The industrial HEMP (HEMP) is HEMP with THC content lower than 0.3%, has higher economic value, has edible effects of natural plant fiber raw materials and seeds and fruits in phloem, is a nontoxic phenol substance with high added value, can be used in the fields of medicines, cosmetics, health-care foods and the like, and has better commodity value. The legal large-scale planting and industrial development and utilization become an important way for extracting CBD.
In recent years, with the continuous expansion of the planting area of labor-saving industrial hemp in Yunnan, the effect of planting industrial hemp in the area is gradually shown, at present, domestic researches in the technical field of industrial hemp planting are reported in more aspects of technical research for obtaining hemp bark fiber and breeding new varieties, and the planting technology of the industrial hemp with high CBD content is rarely reported in particular in the aspects of reasonable fertilization and fertilizer requirement rule research.
The phenomenon of unreasonable fertilization is prominent from the current situation of planting industrial hemp, and due to the fact that the fertilizer requirement rule for the growth of the industrial hemp cannot be mastered and reasonable fertilization guidance suggestions are lacked, the phenomena of partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, blind fertilization and excessive fertilization in the planting process of the industrial hemp commonly exist, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is low, the unreasonable fertilization seriously influences the improvement of the yield, the quality and the comprehensive benefit of the industrial hemp, and the problems of environmental pollution and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the special industrial hemp fertilizer and the preparation method thereof, by implementing a '3414' field fertilizer effect test, researching the fertilizer requirement rule of industrial hemp planting, exploring the reasonable matching proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, finding the fertilizer effect parameters of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium factors, establishing a mathematical model, and on the basis of the research, preparing a basic formula of the special industrial hemp fertilizer and providing a theoretical basis for the industrial production of the special industrial hemp fertilizer.
According to the purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a special fertilizer for industrial hemp comprises a fertilizer A used as a base fertilizer, a fertilizer B used for primary topdressing and a fertilizer C used for secondary topdressing, wherein,
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with poor fertility,
the formula of the fertilizer A is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 7.00-12.00-12.00 percent, total nutrient is 31.00 percent,
the formula of the fertilizer B is as follows: N-P2O5-K215.00 to 7.00 to 8.00 percent of O, 30.00 percent of total nutrient,
the formula of the fertilizer C is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 16.00-6.00-20.00 and total nutrient is 42.00%;
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with low fertility,
the formula of the fertilizer A is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 7.00-12.00-10.00 percent, total nutrient is 29.00 percent,
the formula of the fertilizer B is as follows: N-P2O5-K215.00 to 7.00 to 8.00 percent of O, 30.00 percent of total nutrient,
the formula of the fertilizer C is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 16.00 to 4.00 to 15.00 percent, and the total nutrient is 35.00 percent;
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with medium fertility,
the formula of the fertilizer A is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 7.00-13.00-5.00 percent, total nutrient is 25.00 percent,
the formula of the fertilizer B is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 13.00 to 7.00 percent, the total nutrient is 27.00 percent,
the formula of the fertilizer C is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 18.00-0.00-13.00 and the total nutrient is 31.00%;
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with high fertility,
the formula of the fertilizer A is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 8.00-10.00-7.00 percent, total nutrient is 25.00 percent,
the formula of the fertilizer B is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 13.00 to 4.00 to 8.00 percent, the total nutrient is 25.00 percent,
the formula of the fertilizer C is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 18.00-0.00-10.00 and total nutrient is 28.00%.
According to another object of the invention, the special industrial hemp fertilizer and the preparation method thereof are provided, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, raw material blending
When the fertilizer is used for the soil with poor fertility,
the fertilizer A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 261 parts of ammonium sulfate, 278 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 137 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 115 parts of potassium sulfate, 130 parts of potassium nitrate and 78 parts of filler;
the fertilizer B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 557 parts of ammonium sulfate, 43 parts of urea, 56 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 118 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 77 parts of potassium sulfate, 87 parts of potassium nitrate and 62 parts of filling material,
the fertilizer C comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 129 parts of ammonium sulfate, 261 parts of urea, 118 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 192 parts of potassium sulfate, 217 parts of potassium nitrate and 83 parts of filler;
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with low fertility,
the fertilizer A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 272 parts of ammonium sulfate, 333 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 118 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 96 parts of potassium sulfate, 109 parts of potassium nitrate and 72 parts of filling material,
the fertilizer B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 472 parts of ammonium sulfate, 87 parts of urea, 111 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 98 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 77 parts of potassium sulfate, 87 parts of potassium nitrate and 68 parts of filling material,
the fertilizer C comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 197 parts of ammonium sulfate, 239 parts of urea, 78 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 192 parts of potassium sulfate, 217 parts of potassium nitrate and 76 parts of filler;
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with medium fertility,
the fertilizer A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 282 parts of ammonium sulfate, 444 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 98 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 48 parts of potassium sulfate, 54 parts of potassium nitrate and 73 parts of filler,
the fertilizer B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 440 parts of ammonium sulfate, 65 parts of urea, 194 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 69 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 67 parts of potassium sulfate, 76 parts of potassium nitrate and 88 parts of filling material,
the fertilizer C comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 476 parts of ammonium sulfate, 174 parts of urea, 125 parts of potassium sulfate, 141 parts of potassium nitrate and 84 parts of filling materials;
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with high fertility,
the fertilizer A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 345 parts of ammonium sulfate, 361 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 69 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 67 parts of potassium sulfate, 76 parts of potassium nitrate and 82 parts of filling material,
the fertilizer B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 476 portions of ammonium sulfate, 65 portions of urea, 222 portions of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 77 portions of potassium sulfate, 87 portions of potassium nitrate and 72 portions of filling material,
the fertilizer C comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 571 parts of ammonium sulfate, 130 parts of urea, 96 parts of potassium sulfate, 109 parts of potassium nitrate and 93 parts of filler;
s2, mixing and stirring
The prepared raw materials in the S1 are stirred uniformly, so that the uniform fertilizer efficiency content of the whole fertilizer particles is improved;
s3, caking and crushing
The raw materials mixed and stirred uniformly in the S2 are agglomerated and crushed in large blocks, so that the subsequent granulation processing is facilitated;
s4, granulating the materials
And (4) feeding the uniformly stirred and crushed material into a granulator for granulation.
S5, primary screening
Primarily screening the semi-finished product of the particles, and returning unqualified particles to a mixing and stirring link for reprocessing;
s6, drying the granules
The granules manufactured by the granulator and subjected to primary screening are sent into a dryer to dry the moisture contained in the granules, so that the strength of the granules is increased, and the granules are convenient to store;
s7, cooling the particles
Cooling by a cooler;
s8, secondary classification of particles
Grading the cooled particles, crushing unqualified particles, re-granulating, screening qualified products, and screening by using a secondary drum screening machine;
s9, quantitatively packaging finished product particles
And (4) feeding the screened fertilizer finished product particles into a storage bin, and then connecting an electronic quantitative packaging scale and a bag sewing machine to quantitatively package and seal bags.
Further, the filler is clay or talcum powder.
Further, in S2, the mixture was stirred with a horizontal stirrer or a disk stirrer.
Further, in S3, a chain crusher is used for crushing the large agglomerates.
Further, in S4, a rotary drum granulator, a pair-roller extrusion granulator or a disc granulator is used for granulation.
Further, in S5, primary screening is performed using a drum screening machine.
Further, in S6, the pellet is dried by using a drum dryer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a special fertilizer for industrial hemp and a preparation method thereof, which provides a reasonable special fertilizer according to the planting requirement of the industrial hemp, reasonably prepares a special fertilizer for the industrial hemp according to different soil conditions and different fertilizing time, comprises a base fertilizer, a first additional fertilizer and a second additional fertilizer, adopts scientific and reasonable optimal fertilizing amount, and can obtain optimal yield.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a table of results of field trial design codes for industrial cannabis of the invention and the levels of application and production of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium;
FIG. 2 is a table of the basic yield and fertilizer application dependence of industrial hemp field test cultivated land of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the N-application level of the field test in the industrial hemp shed and the yield of industrial hemp;
FIG. 4 is a plot of the N-level of Walu field trials on industrial hemp of the present invention versus the yield effect on industrial hemp;
FIG. 5 shows the field test of the industrial hemp plant of the present invention2O5Level versus industrial hemp yield effect plots;
FIG. 6 shows Walu field test P for industrial hemp of the present invention2O5Level versus industrial hemp yield effect plots;
FIG. 7 shows the experimental K of the field where the industrial hemp is grown2O level versus industrial hemp yield effect plot;
FIG. 8 shows Walu field test K for industrial hemp of the present invention2Graph of O levels versus yield for industrial hemp.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A special fertilizer for industrial hemp comprises a fertilizer A used as a base fertilizer, a fertilizer B used for first topdressing and a fertilizer C used for second topdressing, wherein when the special fertilizer is used for soil with poor fertility,
the formula of the fertilizer A is as follows: N-P2O5-K2The content of O is 7.00-12.00-12.00, the total nutrient is 31.00%, and the formula of the fertilizer B is as follows: N-P2O5-K215.00-7.00-8.00% of O and 30.00% of total nutrient, wherein the formula of the fertilizer C is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 16.00-6.00-20.00 and total nutrient is 42.00%;
when the fertilizer is used for low-fertility soil, the formula of the fertilizer A is as follows: N-P2O5-K2The content of O is 7.00-12.00-10.00, the total nutrient is 29.00%, and the formula of the fertilizer B is as follows: N-P2O5-K215.00-7.00-8.00% of O and 30.00% of total nutrient, wherein the formula of the fertilizer C is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 16.00 to 4.00 to 15.00 percent, and the total nutrient is 35.00 percent;
when the fertilizer is used for medium-fertility soil, the formula of the fertilizer A is as follows: N-P2O5-K2The content of O is 7.00-13.00-5.00, the total nutrient is 25.00%, and the formula of the fertilizer B is as follows: N-P2O5-K2The content of O is 13.00-7.00-7.00, the total nutrient is 27.00%, and the formula of the fertilizer C is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 18.00-0.00-13.00 and the total nutrient is 31.00%;
when the fertilizer is used for high-fertility soil, the formula of the fertilizer A is as follows: N-P2O5-K2The content of O is 8.00-10.00-7.00, the total nutrient is 25.00%, and the formula of the fertilizer B is as follows: N-P2O5-K2The content of O is 13.00-4.00-8.00, the total nutrient is 25.00%, and the formula of the fertilizer C is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 18.00-0.00-10.00 and total nutrient is 28.00%.
Example 2
A special fertilizer for industrial hemp and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
s1, raw material blending
The raw materials adopted by the invention mainly comprise the following raw materials:
ammonium sulfate: meets the standard of GB/T535-1995 ammonium sulfate, and the mass fraction of nitrogen (N) is 21 percent.
Urea: meets the standard of GB/T2440-2017 urea, and the mass fraction of nitrogen (N) is 46 percent.
Calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer: meets the standard of GB20412-2006 calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and the mass fraction of phosphorus (P2O5) is 18 percent.
Monoammonium phosphate: meets the standard of GB/T10205-2009 monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate, and has the mass fraction of nitrogen (N) of 11 percent and the mass fraction of phosphorus (P2O5) of 51 percent.
Potassium sulfate: meets the standard of GB/T20406-2017 agricultural potassium sulfate, and the mass fraction of potassium (K2O) is 52 percent.
Potassium nitrate: meets the standard of GB/T20784 and 2018 agricultural potassium nitrate, and the mass fraction of potassium (K2O) is 46 percent.
When the fertilizer A is used for soil with poor fertility, the fertilizer A comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 261 parts of ammonium sulfate, 278 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 137 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 115 parts of potassium sulfate, 130 parts of potassium nitrate and 78 parts of filling material (clay or talcum powder); the fertilizer B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 557 parts of ammonium sulfate, 43 parts of urea, 56 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 118 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 77 parts of potassium sulfate, 87 parts of potassium nitrate and 62 parts of filling material (clay or talcum powder), wherein the fertilizer C comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 129 parts of ammonium sulfate, 261 parts of urea, 118 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 192 parts of potassium sulfate, 217 parts of potassium nitrate and 83 parts of filling material (clay or talcum powder);
when the fertilizer A is used for low-fertility soil, the fertilizer A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 272 parts of ammonium sulfate, 333 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 118 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 96 parts of potassium sulfate, 109 parts of potassium nitrate and 72 parts of filling material (clay or talcum powder), wherein the fertilizer B comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 472 parts of ammonium sulfate, 87 parts of urea, 111 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 98 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 77 parts of potassium sulfate, 87 parts of potassium nitrate and 68 parts of filling material (clay or talcum powder), wherein the fertilizer C comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 197 parts of ammonium sulfate, 239 parts of urea, 78 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 192 parts of potassium sulfate, 217 parts of potassium nitrate and 76 parts of filling material (clay or talcum powder);
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with medium fertility,
the fertilizer A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 282 parts of ammonium sulfate, 444 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 98 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 48 parts of potassium sulfate, 54 parts of potassium nitrate and 73 parts of filler (clay or talcum powder), wherein the fertilizer B comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 440 parts of ammonium sulfate, 65 parts of urea, 194 parts of a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 69 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 67 parts of potassium sulfate, 76 parts of potassium nitrate and 88 parts of a filling material (clay or talcum powder), wherein the fertilizer C comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 476 parts of ammonium sulfate, 174 parts of urea, 125 parts of potassium sulfate, 141 parts of potassium nitrate and 84 parts of filling material (clay or talcum powder);
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with high fertility,
the fertilizer A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 345 parts of ammonium sulfate, 361 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 69 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 67 parts of potassium sulfate, 76 parts of potassium nitrate and 82 parts of filling material (clay or talcum powder), wherein the fertilizer B comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 476 parts of ammonium sulfate, 65 parts of urea, 222 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 77 parts of potassium sulfate, 87 parts of potassium nitrate and 72 parts of filling material (clay or talcum powder), wherein the fertilizer C comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 571 parts of ammonium sulfate, 130 parts of urea, 96 parts of potassium sulfate, 109 parts of potassium nitrate and 93 parts of filling material (clay or talcum powder);
s2, mixing and stirring
Uniformly stirring the prepared raw materials to improve the uniform fertilizer efficiency content of the whole fertilizer particles, and mixing and stirring by adopting a horizontal stirrer or a disc stirrer;
s3, caking and crushing
Crushing the raw materials which are uniformly mixed and stirred into large blocks, and the like, so as to facilitate subsequent granulation processing, and mainly adopting a chain type crusher and the like;
s4, granulating the materials
And (3) feeding the uniformly stirred and crushed materials into a granulator through a belt conveyor for granulation (a rotary drum granulator can be used, and a double-roller extrusion granulator, a disc granulator and the like can also be used).
S5, primary screening
Primarily screening the semi-finished product of the particles, returning unqualified particles to a mixing and stirring link for reprocessing, and generally using a drum screening machine;
s6, drying the granules
Sending the granules manufactured by the granulator and subjected to primary screening into a dryer, drying moisture contained in the granules, increasing the strength of the granules, and facilitating storage, wherein a rotary drum dryer is generally used;
s7, cooling the particles
The dried fertilizer particles are too high in temperature and easy to agglomerate, and are cooled, so that the fertilizer particles are convenient to bag, store and transport, and are cooled by a cooling machine;
s8, secondary classification of particles
Grading the cooled particles, crushing unqualified particles, re-granulating, screening qualified products, and screening by using a secondary drum screening machine;
s9, quantitatively packaging finished product particles
And conveying the screened fertilizer finished product particles into a storage bin through a belt conveyor, and then connecting the storage bin with an electronic quantitative packaging scale, a bag sewing machine and the like for automatic quantitative packaging and bag sealing.
Example 3
The formula of the fertilizer special for industrial hemp makes theoretical basis:
1 formulation of fertilizer special for industrial hemp according to field test design
1.1 basic conditions of the test
The test is carried out on two test plots with similar climate and soil. The plot is carried out in the village committee of the male wall town large house (the house is called as the same below), represents 3000 mu of area, and is at the east longitude of 103 degrees 58 '28.79 degrees, north latitude of 25 degrees 0' 5.87 degrees and altitude of 1935 meters. The area of the test cell was 19.44 square meters (length 5.4 m. times. width 3.6 m). The soil type is red soil, the soil texture is light soil, the fertility is moderate, and pseudo-ginseng is planted before. The nutrient contents of the soil sample of the plough layer with the thickness of 0-20cm are respectively 1.09g/Kg of total nitrogen, 37.1mg/Kg of available phosphorus, 76mg/Kg of quick-acting potassium, 24.6g/Kg of soil organic matter and 5.7 of pH value. The second plot was obtained from the Wahleu village committee in the male dawn (Wahleu, the same below), representing 5000 acres of area, 103 ° 52 '25.67% at east longitude, 24 ° 54' 50.95% at north latitude, and 2009 m of elevation at the test site. The area of the test cell is 25.92 square meters (length 7.2m x width 3.6 m). The soil type is red soil, the soil texture is light soil, the fertility is moderate, and pseudo-ginseng is planted before. The nutrient contents of the soil sample of the plough layer with the thickness of 0-20cm are respectively 1.674g/Kg of soil total nitrogen, 31.8mg/Kg of available phosphorus, 64mg/Kg of quick-acting potassium, 21.8g/Kg of soil organic matter and 5.5 of pH value.
1.2 test materials
Nitrogenous fertilizer: urea (N46% content), phosphate fertilizer: ordinary superphosphate (containing P)2 O 516%), potash fertilizer: potassium sulfate (containing K)2O50％)。
Varieties of industrial hemp: yunnan 7.
1.3 design of the experiment
The experiment is designed by adopting a '3414' experiment scheme, 3 factors of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are set, each factor has 4 levels and 14 treatments, each treatment is repeated for 3 times, and the treatment is divided into 42 cells and arranged by adopting a random block group.
The nitrogen fertilizer 4 horizontal settings are respectively as follows: n is a radical of00.000 kg/mu, N17.500 kg/mu, N215.000 kg/mu, N322.500 kg/mu, 4 phosphate fertilizers are horizontally arranged as follows: p00.000 kg/mu, P11.875 kg/mu, P23.75 kg/mu, P35.625 kg/mu, 4 potassic fertilizers are horizontally arranged as follows: k00.000 kg/mu, K13.750 kg/mu, K27.500 kg/mu, K311.250 kg/mu (the field test design code and the fertilization levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are shown in figure 1).
1.4 test procedures
The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied respectively according to a base fertilizer (applied during sowing), a first additional fertilizer (applied before a rapid growth period) and a second additional fertilizer (applied before a female plant buds).
The application amount is respectively the requirement of test design, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer base fertilizer is 25 percent, the first additional fertilizer is 37.5 percent, and the second additional fertilizer is 37.5 percent; the phosphate fertilizer is used as base fertilizer for one-time application; 50% of potash fertilizer base fertilizer, zero top dressing for the first time and 50% of top dressing for the second time.
1.5 leaf harvesting
In the test process, due to the biological characteristics of the male and female industrial hemp plants, the male plants enter the reproductive growth stage earlier than the female plants, enter the death stage after flowering and have large influence on the yield of test leaves, so that the test only adopts the mode of detecting the yield and the actual yield of the female plants, the male plants in a community are completely felled at the initial flowering stage, and the rest female plants are continuously tested. When the female plants enter the process maturation stage, the relevant biological characters, quality and nutrient indexes are observed, measured, sampled and detected, and the flowers and leaves of all the female plants in the cell are collected and the yield is calculated. When the flowers and leaves are collected, the whole hemp branches and the flowers and leaves are all shaved, bundled and transported to a sunning ground for airing, after the flowers and leaves are completely aired, the branches are removed, the flowers and leaves are weighed, the yield of each plant is calculated, and the yield per mu is converted.
2 formulation of fertilizer special for industrial hemp according to field test results and analysis
2.1 basic yield and soil fertility of cultivated land
From the test results, the application of single nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers or the mutual cooperation of the three fertilizers has great influence on the yield of industrial hemp, and the fertilizer effect and the fertility level have close relation. As can be seen from figure 2, among the three nutritional factors of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, industrial hemp has the strongest dependence on nitrogen fertilizer, the fertilization dependence is large at 84.66%, and the Walu is 82.45%, and is secondly potassium fertilizer, the fertilization dependence is large at 71.92%, and the Walu is 76.83%, while the fertilization dependence of phosphate fertilizer is large at 48.24%, and the Walu is 56.02%, the two tests are similar to the fertilization dependence rules of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, nitrogen fertilizer plays a crucial role in industrial hemp yield, and plays a dominant role in three nutritional elements, potassium fertilizer is secondly, and phosphate fertilizer is secondly.
When nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied in a matched manner, the yield of the industrial hemp has higher dependence on the application of the three fertilizers, the fertilization dependence is 87.37% and the Walu is 86.39%, and the balanced supply of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers plays an important role in high yield of the industrial hemp.
From the soil nutrient condition of a test field, the nutrient content of a soil sample of a 0-20cm plough layer foundation soil of the soil before the industrial hemp is planted is that the soil in a large house is relatively lack of nitrogen and potassium nutrients, moderate in phosphorus nutrient content and moderate in organic matter content; the Tu Ru soil sample is relatively lack of nitrogen and potassium nutrients, medium in phosphorus nutrient content and medium in organic matter content.
The total nitrogen is used as an important factor of the soil influencing the yield of industrial hemp, is greatly influenced by factors such as fertilization and the like, and the relative yield of the nitrogen fertilizer is 15.34 percent and 17.55 percent, which indicates that the nitrogen supply capability of the soil in the red soil region of limestone mountain land in teacher and Zong. The quick-acting potassium in the soil has great influence on the industrial hemp, and the relative yield of the potassium fertilizer is 28.08 percent and 23.17 percent, which indicates that the soil potassium supply in the region is still insufficient and needs to be supplemented from the outside. From the relative yield of 51.76% and 43.98% of phosphate fertilizer, although the content of available phosphorus nutrient in soil is moderate, the demand of phosphate fertilizer for industrial hemp production is high.
2.2 influence of different ratios of Nitrogen, phosphorus and Potassium on the yield of Industrial hemp
The test results of the two test points show that nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers with different proportions are applied to the red soil region of limestone mountain in teacher and Zong, have different influences on the yield of industrial hemp, and the influences of the three fertilizer factors on the yield of industrial hemp are nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus in turn.
2.2.1 Effect of Nitrogen on Industrial hemp production
2.2.1.1 Effect of different Nitrogen application levels and Industrial hemp yield
The large-house test point obtains a primary quadratic function of the effect of the nitrogen fertilizer through research and statistical analysis on different fertilization levels of N:
Y＝-0.9465X2+52.2004X+106.7810，r2＝0.9978
the results show that under the premise of a certain fertilization level of the phosphorus fertilizer and the potassium fertilizer, the nitrogen fertilizer has a great influence on the yield of the industrial hemp. By statistical analysis of F test, F0.05＝4999.5000>F＝231.0025>F0.05199.5000, the difference reached a significant level, indicating that nitrogen fertilizer application exhibited a significant positive correlation to industrial hemp yield. With the increasing nitrogen application amount, the yield of industrial hemp is increased correspondingly. When the nitrogen fertilizer dosage reaches 27.58 kg/mu, the industrial hemp yield reaches the maximum value, which is 826.51 kg/mu; with further increase in nitrogen application, the industrial hemp yield began to show a negative growth trend (fig. 3).
The Waru test point obtains a unitary quadratic function of the effect of the nitrogenous fertilizer through research and statistical analysis on N different fertilization levels:
Y＝-0.8825X2+51.7896X+125.6818，r2＝0.9984
the results show that under the premise of a certain fertilization level of the phosphorus fertilizer and the potassium fertilizer, the nitrogen fertilizer has a great influence on the yield of the industrial hemp. By statistical analysis of F test, F0.05＝4999.5000>F＝312.7843>F0.05199.5000, the difference reached a significant level, indicating that nitrogen fertilizer application exhibited a significant positive correlation to industrial hemp yield. With the increasing nitrogen application amount, the yield of industrial hemp is increased correspondingly. When the nitrogen fertilizer dosage reaches 29.34 kg/mu, the industrial hemp yield reachesTo the maximum, 885.50 kg/acre; with further increase in nitrogen application, the industrial hemp yield began to show a negative growth trend (fig. 4).
2.1.2 estimation of optimum Nitrogen application
Regression analysis is carried out on the obtained effect function of the first-element and second-element fertilizers of the nitrogenous fertilizers, field simulation optimization is carried out, and the effect function is calculated by related software to obtain: the optimal economic application amount of the industrial hemp nitrogen fertilizer in the red soil region of limestone mountain in teacher district and Zong county is 26.39 kg/mu, and the corresponding optimal economic yield is 825.18 kg/mu; the Walu is 28.07 kg/mu, and the corresponding optimal economic yield is 884.06 kg/mu.
2.2.2.1 Effect of different phosphorus levels and Industrial hemp yield
Large house test point pass pair P2O5The research and statistical analysis of different fertilization levels obtain a unitary quadratic function of the effect of the phosphate fertilizer:
Y＝-3.7478X2+97.3666X+338.7242，r2＝0.9982
the results show that the phosphate fertilizer has a great influence on the yield of industrial hemp on the premise of a certain fertilization level of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. By statistical analysis of F test, F0.05＝4999.5000>F＝275.7234>F0.05199.5000, the difference reached a significant level, indicating that nitrogen fertilizer application exhibited a significant positive correlation to industrial hemp yield. With the increasing amount of phosphorus applied, the yield of industrial hemp is increased correspondingly. When the usage amount of the phosphate fertilizer reaches 12.99 kg/mu, the maximum value of the industrial hemp yield is 971.11 kg/mu; with further increase in nitrogen application, the industrial hemp yield began to show a negative growth trend (fig. 5).
Waru point of pass pair P2O5The research and statistical analysis of different fertilization levels obtain a unitary quadratic function of the effect of the phosphate fertilizer:
Y＝-8.5805X2+134.879X+302.1754，r2＝1.0000
the results show that the phosphate fertilizer has a great influence on the yield of industrial hemp on the premise of a certain fertilization level of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. By statistical analysis of the F test, F-7572.5990 > F0.01-4999.5000, the difference reached a very significant level, indicating that nitrogen fertilizer application exhibited a very significant positive correlation to industrial hemp yield. With the increasing amount of phosphorus applied, the yield of industrial hemp is increased correspondingly. When the usage amount of the phosphate fertilizer reaches 7.86 kg/mu, the maximum value of the industrial hemp yield is 832.22 kg/mu; with further increase in nitrogen application, the industrial hemp yield began to show a negative growth trend (fig. 6).
2.2.2.2 estimation of optimum phosphorus application
Regression analysis is carried out on the obtained effect function of the first-order and second-order phosphate fertilizers, field simulation optimization is carried out, and the effect function is calculated by related software to obtain the following results: the optimal economic application amount of the industrial hemp phosphate fertilizer in the red soil region of limestone mountain in teacher district and Zong county is 12.65 kg/mu, and the corresponding optimal economic yield is 970.69 kg/mu; the Walu is 7.71 kg/mu, and the corresponding optimal economic yield is 832.04 kg/mu.
2.2.3 Effect of Potassium on Industrial hemp yield
2.2.3.1 Effect of different potassium application levels and yield of Industrial hemp
Large house test point pass pair K2And (3) performing research and statistical analysis on different fertilization levels to obtain a unitary quadratic function of the effect of the potash fertilizer:
Y＝-3.4149X2+88.0572X+182.1543，r2＝0.9988
the results show that under the premise of certain fertilization level of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers, the potassium fertilizer has great influence on the yield of industrial hemp. By statistical analysis of F test, F0.05＝4999.5000>F＝426.0368>F0.05199.5000, the difference reaches a significant level, indicating that potash fertilizer application presents a significant positive correlation to industrial hemp yield. With the increasing potassium application amount, the industrial hemp yield is correspondingly increased. When the dosage of the potash fertilizer reaches 12.89 kg/mu, the maximum output of the industrial hemp reaches 749.82 kg/mu. With further increase in potassium application, the industrial hemp yield started to grow negatively (fig. 7).
Waru point of pass pair K2And (3) performing research and statistical analysis on different fertilization levels to obtain a unitary quadratic function of the effect of the potash fertilizer:
Y＝-3.1993X2+94.197X+157.8583，r2＝0.9998
the results show that under the premise of certain fertilization level of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers, the potassium fertilizer has great influence on the yield of industrial hemp. By statistical analysis of F test, F0.05＝4999.5000>F＝2080.6070>F0.05199.5000, the difference reaches a significant level, indicating that potash fertilizer application presents a significant positive correlation to industrial hemp yield. With the increasing potassium application amount, the industrial hemp yield is correspondingly increased. When the dosage of the potash fertilizer reaches 14.72 kg/mu, the yield of the industrial hemp reaches the maximum value, which is 851.22 kg/mu. With further increase in potassium application, the industrial hemp yield started to grow negatively (fig. 8).
2.2.3.2 estimation of the optimum potassium addition
Regression analysis is carried out on the obtained potash fertilizer unitary secondary fertilizer effect function, field simulation optimization is carried out, and the results are obtained through calculation of relevant software: the optimal economic application amount of industrial hemp potash fertilizer in the red soil region of limestone mountain land in teacher district and Zong county is 12.73 kg/mu, and the corresponding optimal economic yield is 749.73 kg/mu; the Walu is 14.55 kg/mu, and the corresponding optimal economic yield is 851.13 kg/mu.
3 formulation of fertilizer special for industrial hemp according to field test conclusion
3.1 conclusion of the test
By applying '3414' test design, not only a ternary two-dimensional function model of the fertilizer effect of three factors of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can be established, but also a binary two-dimensional and unitary two-dimensional fertilizer effect function fertilization model can be established. The experimental research shows that nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are all essential elements in industrial hemp production in limestone mountain original red soil areas of teachers, zong and counties. According to the nutrient status of local soil and the fertilization result, the fertilization dependency is that nitrogen is greater than potassium and phosphorus is greater than potassium and smaller. The relative yield of no application of nitrogen fertilizer is extremely low, which indicates that the soil quick-acting nitrogen level in the area is low, the application of the nitrogen fertilizer plays a decisive role in the yield of the industrial hemp, the application of the nitrogen fertilizer should be reasonably improved in the production, and the high and stable yield of the industrial hemp is ensured; the relative yield is lower without applying potash fertilizer, which indicates that the soil quick-acting potassium nutrient in the area is relatively lack, and a proper amount of potassium nutrition must be supplemented to ensure the yield and quality of industrial hemp; the yield of the fertilizer without phosphate fertilizer application is relatively low, which indicates that the normal growth of industrial hemp cannot be ensured only by the quick-acting phosphorus in the soil in the area, and a proper amount of phosphate fertilizer must be supplemented.
A nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium unitary secondary fertilizer effect function fertilization model established from test results shows that the industrial hemp yield and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization use amount have an extremely obvious regression relationship, and the scientific and reasonable optimal fertilization amount can be fitted for industrial hemp planting in limestone mountain red soil areas in teazong county, and the optimal theoretical yield can be obtained.
From the test results, it is also seen that the application of a certain amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can significantly improve the yield of industrial hemp on the premise that the application level of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is a certain amount, but when the application amount of one of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers exceeds a certain level, the yield of industrial hemp does not continue to be improved, but shows a downward trend.
A unary quadratic fit according to this experiment showed N, P2O5、K2The yield per mu of the industrial hemp can reach 749.73-970.69kg when the fertilizing amount per mu recommended by O is 26.39-28.07kg, 7.71-12.65kg and 12.73-14.55kg respectively.
Through experimental research on '3414' of industrial hemp, a fertilizer application model and a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application technical index system suitable for the red soil region of limestone mountain land in teachers and Zones are established, and the method has an important guiding function on reasonable fertilizer application in cultivation of local industrial hemp and has important significance on development of the local industrial hemp industry.
3.2 formulation of fertilizer specially for industrial hemp
According to the test results, three special fertilizers of the industrial hemp, such as 'base fertilizer', 'first top dressing', 'second top dressing', and the like, are respectively formulated according to the fertilizer requirement rule of the industrial hemp, the fertility of different types of soil and the production process requirements of the fertilizer.
3.2.1 production formula
3.2.1.1 soil industrial hemp fertilizer formula with poor fertility
The production formula of the base fertilizer comprises: N-P2O5-K2O is 7.00-12.00-12.00, and the total nutrient is 31.00%;
the production formula of the first additional fertilizer is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 15.00-7.00-8.00 and total nutrient is 30.00%;
the production formula of the second additional fertilizer is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 16.00-6.00-20.00 and total nutrient is 42.00%;
3.2.1.2 Low-fertility soil industrial hemp fertilizer formula
The production formula of the base fertilizer comprises: N-P2O5-K2O is 7.00-12.00-10.00 and the total nutrient is 29.00%;
the production formula of the first additional fertilizer is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 15.00-7.00-8.00 and total nutrient is 30.00%;
the production formula of the second additional fertilizer is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 16.00 to 4.00 to 15.00 percent, and the total nutrient is 35.00 percent;
3.2.1.3 medium-fertility soil industrial hemp fertilizer formula
The production formula of the base fertilizer comprises: N-P2O5-K2O is 7.00 to 13.00 to 5.00 percent, and the total nutrient is 25.00 percent;
the production formula of the first additional fertilizer is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 13.00 to 7.00 percent, and the total nutrient is 27.00 percent;
the production formula of the second additional fertilizer is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 18.00-0.00-13.00 and the total nutrient is 31.00%;
3.2.1.4 high-fertility soil industrial hemp fertilizer formula
The production formula of the base fertilizer comprises: N-P2O5-K2O is 8.00-10.00-7.00 and the total nutrient is 25.00%;
the production formula of the first additional fertilizer is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 13.00 to 4.00 to 8.00 percent, and the total nutrient is 25.00 percent;
the production formula of the second additional fertilizer is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 18.00-0.00-10.00 and total nutrient is 28.00%;
3.2.2 raw material requirements
The raw material requirements of the base fertilizer are as follows: the nitrogen mainly comprises ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, and the seed manure does not contain biuret; the phosphorus mainly takes calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and monoammonium phosphate as raw materials; the potassium is mainly potassium sulfate and does not contain chloride ions.
The first additional fertilizer requires the following raw materials: the nitrogen mainly comprises ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, and urea nitrogen is added in a proper amount; the phosphorus mainly takes calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and monoammonium phosphate as raw materials; potassium is mainly potassium sulfate, so that the content of chloride ions is reduced.
The requirements of the raw materials of the second additional fertilizer are as follows: the nitrogen mainly comprises ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, and urea nitrogen is added in a proper amount; the phosphorus mainly takes calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and monoammonium phosphate as raw materials; potassium is mainly potassium sulfate, so that the content of chloride ions is reduced.
3.2.3 fertilization requirements
The base fertilizer is used in 40 kg/mu and is applied during the sowing of industrial hemp. The application depth is required to be about 20cm, the interval between the industrial hemp seeds and the fertilizer is more than 15cm, and the fertilizer can be mixed with organic fertilizer. And covering soil for more than 10cm after fertilization.
The first topdressing is applied in the amount of 40 kg/mu before the hemp enters the fast growth period. When the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer application depth is required to be about 20cm, the fertilizer is about 30cm away from the roots of industrial hemp plants, and the annular fertilizer application effect is optimal. And covering soil for more than 10cm after fertilization.
The dosage of the second additional fertilizer is 40kg per mu, and the second additional fertilizer is applied before the industrial hemp enters the bud stage. When the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizing depth is required to be about 20cm, the distance between the fertilizing depth and the roots of industrial hemp plants is about 50cm, and the annular fertilizing effect is optimal. And covering soil for more than 10cm after fertilization.
Example 4
"field fertilizer efficiency test report of special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp application to industrial hemp for flower and leaf in 2020 year for soil with poor fertility in Zhu Zhong of Qujing City"
1. Purpose and Source of the experiment
The field plot experiment of the industrial hemp special compound fertilizer for the flower and leaf special compound fertilizer developed by the company is implemented by the organization of Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology Limited company in soil areas with poor fertility of Longqing countryside bean temperature village Commission in Qujing City to test and determine the fertilizer efficiency of the industrial hemp special compound fertilizer developed by the company on the flower and leaf special industrial hemp, so as to evaluate the yield increase effect and economic benefit of the product and provide scientific basis for the expansion of popularization and handling of the product.
2. Time and place of experiment
The test is arranged to be carried out in a Yangqing village peasant household Yangchun contract place of Daojing city teacher, Zong county. Sowing the seeds at 20 days in 4 months in 2020, emergence of seedlings at 4 days in 5 months, one-time harvesting at 28 days in 10 months in 2020, and 191 days of full growth time of the industrial hemp for the flower leaves.
3. Materials and methods
3.1 test materials
3.1.1 test soil
The altitude of a test site is 2010 m, the annual rainfall is about 1100mm, the annual average air temperature is 16.5 ℃, the soil of the test site is red soil, the texture is medium soil, the soil fertility is poor, and the representative area is 1000 mu. The former crop is corn, and the yield per mu is 0.35 ton. The soil nutrient condition of the test field is that the pH value of the soil is 5.3, the organic matter of the soil is 12.4g/kg, the total nitrogen of the soil is 1.05g/kg, the available phosphorus of the soil is 37.8mg/kg, and the available potassium of the soil is 51 mg/kg.
3.1.2 Fertilizer tested
The test fertilizer is a special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp for mosaic work, which is developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company, is suitable for soil with poor fertility, and is a production execution standard GB/T15063-2020 compound fertilizer, and the test fertilizer is extruded particles. The fertilizer consists of three products with different formulas, namely 'base fertilizer', 'first top dressing', 'second top dressing': N-P2O5-K2O is 7.00-12.00-12.00, and the total nutrient is 31.00%; the product of 'first top dressing': N-P2O5-K2O is 15.00-7.00-8.00 and total nutrient is 30.00%; and (3) secondary topdressing of the product: N-P2O5-K2O is 16.00-6.00-20.00 and total nutrient is 42.00%. The market price of the base fertilizer product is 2.10 yuan/kg, the market price of the first top dressing product is 2.00 yuan/kg, and the market price of the second top dressing product is 3.00 yuan/kg.
Other fertilizers used for the tests:
compound fertilizer: production of compound fertilizer and standard production execution fertilizer by Yunnan Yuntan fertilizer industry Co LtdProduction execution standard GB/T15063-2020 Compound Fertilizer in the form of granule, N-P2O5-K2O is 15.00-15.00-15.00, and the total nutrient is 45.00%; the market price is 3.80 yuan/kg.
Urea: the urea produced by Yunnan Yunwei group contains N more than or equal to 46.4 percent; the market price is 2.50 yuan/kg.
Calcium superphosphate: common calcium produced by Yunnan Anning Xiangfeng phosphate fertilizer factory, powder containing P2O5Not less than 16.0 percent; the market price is 0.70 yuan/kg.
Potassium sulfate: potassium sulfate of the Qinghai Guelder Fuell agricultural materials marketing Co., Ltd, in powder form, containing K2O is more than or equal to 50.0 percent; the market price is 4.00 yuan/kg.
3.1.3 test crops and varieties
The crop to be tested is industrial hemp for flower and leaf, and the variety is Yunyan No. 7.
3.2 test methods
3.2.1 test design
On the premise of consistent high-yield cultivation management measures, the test adopts a random block arrangement test design, three treatments are set for three times, and the area of a cell is 19.44m2(5.4m multiplied by 3.6m), the row spacing of the planted plants is 1.80m multiplied by 1.20cm, 9 plants are planted in each district, the number of the planted industrial hemp plants for the flower and leaf is reduced to 308 plants per mu, and protective rows are arranged around the planted industrial hemp plants. The test treatment comprises the following steps:
treatment 1, Special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp
Treatment 2, conventional fertilization for farmers
Treatment 3 and treatment 1 of self-prepared fertilizer with nutrients such as test fertilizer
Except for different fertilization, the treatment of each experiment is the same as other farm operation measures.
3.2.2 fertilizing method
Treatment 1, applying the base fertilizer products as base fertilizers according to the classification of fertilizer varieties, applying the first top dressing product in the first top dressing process, and applying the second top dressing product in the second top dressing process. The total fertilization amount N per mu is 15.20kg and P2O510.00kg, K216.00kg of O and 41.20kg of total fertilizer application nutrients.
Treatment 2, farmer traditionAnd (3) applying fertilizer, namely applying base fertilizer to produce compound fertilizer, common calcium and potassium sulfate by Yunnan Yuntian fertilizer industry limited company, and applying urea after two topdresses in the later period. The total fertilization amount N per mu is 22.24kg and P2O59.20kg, K26.00kg of O and 37.44kg of total fertilizer application nutrient.
And 3, applying elemental nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers which are urea, ordinary superphosphate and potassium sulfate respectively at the same time as the nutrients in the step 1. The total fertilization amount N per mu is 15.20kg and P2O510.00kg, K216.00kg of O and 41.20kg of total fertilizer application nutrients.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the test, no organic fertilizer is applied to the test plots.
Fertilizer application conditions of each treatment:
treatment 1: (Compound fertilizer special for test industrial large hemp) when soil preparation is carried out in 20 days of 4 months and 20 days in 2020, 40kg of compound fertilizer 'base fertilizer' product special for test industrial large hemp is applied as base fertilizer per mu, the application method comprises the steps of dividing cells according to design, managing soil moisture and making ponds, uniformly scattering all base fertilizer in the center of each pond, scattering soil to cover and sowing, and paying attention to the fact that the distance between seeds and fertilizer is more than 15cm when sowing. After the hemp seeds enter the rapid growth period for 6 months and 22 days, the first topdressing is carried out, 40kg of special compound fertilizer 'first topdressing' for the hemp seeds in the test industry is applied for topdressing, the topdressing is carried out by digging 5-10cm deep from the root of the industrial hemp seeds at a distance of 20cm, and the fertilizer is covered with soil after the topdressing. And 8, 13 days in 8 months before the female ramie of the industrial hemp enters the bud stage, performing secondary topdressing, applying 40kg of a compound fertilizer 'secondary topdressing' special for the industrial hemp to be tested in each mu for topdressing, performing annular fertilization by digging 5-10cm deep from the root of the industrial hemp at a distance of 30cm, and covering the fertilizer with soil after fertilization.
And (3) treatment 2: (farmer's conventional fertilization) when preparing soil in 20 days of 4 months and 20 days in 2020, 15-15-15 kg of compound fertilizer and 20kg of ordinary calcium are applied per mu as base fertilizers, the application method comprises the steps of dividing the cells according to the design, clearing the soil moisture and making ponds, uniformly spreading all the base fertilizers to the centers of the ponds, spreading soil to cover and sowing, and paying attention to the fact that the distance between the seeds and the fertilizers is more than 15cm during sowing. After the hemp seeds enter the rapid growth stage for 6 months and 22 days, the first topdressing is carried out, 15kg of urea is applied to each mu for topdressing application, the topdressing is carried out at the distance of 20cm from the roots of the industrial hemp seeds and the digging depth is 5-10cm, and the fertilizer is covered with soil after the annular fertilization. And (3) performing secondary topdressing before 8-month and 13-day old industrial hemp female ramie enters the bud stage, applying 20kg of urea for topdressing per mu, performing annular fertilization by digging 5-10cm deep from the industrial hemp root at a distance of 30cm for topdressing, and covering the fertilizer with soil after fertilization.
Treatment 3 (treatment 1 for fertilizer and other nutrient self-prepared fertilizer): when soil is prepared 20 days 4 months in 2020, 6.03kg of urea, 30.00kg of calcium superphosphate and 9.60kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu as base fertilizers, the application method comprises the steps of dividing a cell according to design, clearing soil moisture and digging a pond, uniformly spreading all the base fertilizers to the center of the pond, spreading soil to cover and sowing, and the distance between seeds and the fertilizers is more than 15cm when sowing. After the hemp seeds enter the rapid growth stage for 6 months and 22 days, the first topdressing is carried out, 12.93kg of urea, 17.50kg of calcium superphosphate and 6.40kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu of hemp seeds for topdressing, the topdressing is carried out at the distance of 20cm from the root of the industrial hemp seeds by digging to the depth of 5-10cm for annular fertilization, and the fertilizers are covered with soil after fertilization. And (3) performing secondary topdressing before 8-month and 13-day industrial large hemp female ramie enters the current bud stage, applying 13.79kg of urea, 15.00kg of calcium superphosphate and 16.00kg of potassium sulfate for topdressing per mu, annularly applying topdressing at a distance of 30cm from the root of the industrial hemp by digging 5-10cm, and covering the fertilizer with soil after applying the topdressing.
3.2.3 test procedure
The test is carried out in the way that the rotary cultivator is used for soil preparation in 19 days 4 months in 2020, the row spacing specification of 1.2 meters is adopted for ditching, and cells are divided on the same day (each cell is 19.44 m)2Length 5.4m x width 3.6m, 9 ponds per cell). Manually digging a pond in 19 days after 4 months, wherein the depth of the pond is 10-15cm, the diameter of the pond is 15-20cm, applying base fertilizer (according to the design amount of a test) to the bottom of the pond, covering soil for 3-5cm, sowing hemp seeds at four crossed points on the surface of the pond, sowing 3-5 seeds at each point, and covering the soil to tightly cover the seeds. The hemp is topdressed twice after the fast growth period (6 months and 22 days) and before the bud period (8 months and 13 days). During sowing (20 days in 4 months), pesticide toxin and octyl (5 percent of phoxim and 10 percent of chlorpyrifos particles) are put into each pond for 10 to 20 particles, underground pests are prevented, and the pests are prevented by spraying leaf surfaces of 30 percent of pesticide, 30 percent of thiacloprid, high-chlorine and low-chlorine suspending agent and 45 percent of high-efficiency cypermethrin missible oil in a seedling stage (12 days in 5 months). Mulching film is covered for 5 months and 28 days. And (4) harvesting the flowers and leaves after 10 months and 28 days of the industrial big twisted leaves enter the process maturity stage.
The industrial hemp for the flower leaves does not have any plant diseases and insect pests and natural disasters in the whole growth period.
4. Analysis of test results
4.1 Effect of different treatments on crop growth
From experimental observations it can be seen that: compared with treatments 2 and 3, the growth period of the industrial hemp flowers and leaves applied in the treatment 1 of the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp is not obviously changed.
4.2 Effect of different treatments on crop biological traits
When the test is harvested, indexes such as plant height, crown diameter, stem circumference, chlorophyll, single plant flower and leaf weight, single plant stem weight and the like of the crops are investigated, and 3 female numbing average numbers are selected in each cell. From the test results it can be seen that: compared with treatments 2 and 3, the treatment 1 applying the special compound fertilizer for the hemp flowers and leaves in the test industry has obviously improved main biological characters of the hemp flowers and leaves in the industry.
From plant height analysis: the height of the treated plant 1 can reach 436.33m, and compared with the treated plants 2 and 3, the plant heights are respectively increased by 94.67cm, 28.33cm, 27.71% and 6.94%; the height of the treated 2 plant is 341.67cm, compared with the treated 3 plant, the plant height is increased by-66.33 cm and increased by-18.14%; the second height of the treated 3 plants was 408.00 cm.
And (3) viewing from the crown diameter: the maximum crown diameter of the treatment 1 reaches 312.00cm, and compared with the treatments 2 and 3, the crown diameters are respectively increased by 36.33cm, 19.67cm, 13.18 percent and 6.73 percent; the crown diameter of 275.67cm is the minimum in the treatment 2, and compared with the treatment 3, the crown diameter is increased by-16.67 cm and increased by-5.70 percent; treatment 3 had a second crown diameter of 292.33 cm.
Seen from the stem circumference: the maximum stem circumference of the treatment 1 reaches 24.22cm, and compared with the treatments 2 and 3, the stem circumference is respectively increased by 3.67cm, 2.11cm, 17.84% and 9.56%; the stem circumference of the treatment 2 is 20.56cm minimum, and compared with the treatment 3, the stem circumference is increased by-1.55 cm and increased by-7.03 percent; treatment 3 stem circumference second, 22.11 cm.
Chlorophyll measured (SPAD) see: the SPAD of the treatment 1 is 39.21% at most, and compared with the treatments 2 and 3, the SPAD is increased by 1.90%, 1.12%, 5.09% and 2.94% respectively; SPAD of treatment 2 was 37.31% at the minimum, and compared with treatment 3, SPAD was increased by-0.78%, by-2.05 percentage points; treatment 3SPAD second, 38.09%.
From individual flower and leaf dry weight analysis: the dry weight of the flower and leaf of the single plant in the treatment 1 reaches 2.11kg, and compared with the treatment 2 and the treatment 3, the dry weight of the flower and leaf of the single plant is respectively increased by 0.43kg, 0.21kg, 25.35 percent and 11.25 percent; 2, the dry weight of the single flower and leaf is the lightest 1.68kg, and compared with the dry weight of the single flower and leaf of the 3, the dry weight of the single flower and leaf is increased by-0.21 kg and-11.25 percent; treatment 3 the dry weight of the individual flower leaves was the second, 1.90 kg.
Dry weight analysis from individual stalks: the dry weight of the single plant stalk in the treatment 1 reaches 4.02kg, and compared with the dry weights in the treatment 2 and the treatment 3, the dry weight of the single plant stalk is respectively increased by 1.07kg, 0.49kg, 36.23 percent and 13.76 percent; the dry weight of the single plant stalk of the treatment 2 is 2.95 lightest, and compared with the treatment 3, the dry weight of the single plant stalk is increased by-0.58 kg and increased by-16.49 percent; the dry weight of the single stem treated by the method 3 is second, and is 3.54 kg.
4.3 Effect of different treatments on the yield of flowers and leaves of Industrial hemp
And during measurement, real yield measurement is carried out according to all female plants in the plot, fresh flowers and leaves are respectively dried according to the real yield of each plant (the moisture content is below 15%) after being harvested, the flowers and leaves of a single plant are weighed, and the average number is calculated, so that the dry weight of the flowers and leaves per mu is calculated.
From the test results, the treatment 1 using the compound fertilizer special for test industrial hemp has a better yield-increasing effect for the industrial hemp for flowers and leaves than the treatments 2 and 3. The yield per mu of the dry weight of the flowers and leaves treated by the method 1 is highest 635.51kg, the yield is increased by 160.16kg and 83.16g respectively compared with the yield per mu treated by the method 2 and the method 3, and the increase amplitudes are respectively 33.69 percent and 15.06 percent; the yield per mu of the dry weight of the flowers and leaves treated by the method 2 is 475.35kg the lowest, compared with the yield per mu treated by the method 3, the yield per mu is increased by-77.00 kg, and the amplification is-13.94%; the dry weight per mu yield of the treated 3 flowers and leaves is second, and is 552.35 kg.
The yield of industrial hemp for different treatment leaves is analyzed by variance, and the F value between the repetitions is 0.978<F0.056.944, indicating that the yield difference between replicates was not significant. F value 88.861 between treatments>F0.0118.000, indicating that the yield difference between treatments was significant, reaching a very significant level.
By multiple comparison of the treatment yields in the test of significance of the yield difference between treatments by the least significant range method, it can be seen that: the difference in yield at the a-0.05 and a-0.01 levels was significant for treatment 1 compared to treatment 2 and treatment 3; the difference in yield at the a-0.05 and a-0.01 levels was significant for both treatment 2 and treatment 3.
Experiments show that the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp for the flower leaves has obvious yield increasing effect.
4.4 Effect of different treatments on crop yield and benefit analysis
From the viewpoint of experimental fertilizer input, the input price differs depending on the type of fertilizer to be applied and the total amount of fertilizer to be applied. 284.00 yuan for treating 1 mu of fertilizer, 253.50 yuan for treating 2 mu of fertilizer and 253.63 yuan for treating 3 mu of fertilizer.
From the analysis data of the test results, the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp applied to the flower-leaf industrial hemp has better value-added and income-increasing effects. The yield of each treatment is converted into a yield value according to the unit price of 11.00 yuan/kg of the product when the flowers and leaves are collected by the industrial hemp, and the yield values of each treatment are compared after the input cost of newly added various fertilizers is deducted. The fertilizer yield and input ratio of treatment 1 is 24.61:1, and compared with treatment 2 and treatment 3, the new yield values of each mu are increased by 1761.76 yuan and 914.76 yuan respectively; after deducting the cost of new fertilizer, the net income increase per mu is 1731.26 yuan and 884.39 yuan respectively. The fertilizer yield-input ratio of the treatment 2 is 20.63:1, and compared with the treatment 3, the new increase of the yield per mu is-847.00 yuan, and the net increase of the income per mu is-846.88 yuan. Treatment 3 fertilizer production to input ratio was 23.96: 1.
The application of the special compound fertilizer for the test industrial large ramie is proved to have better effect on improving the yield value and benefit of the industrial large ramie for the flower leaves.
5. Conclusions and suggestions
From the test results, the special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company is applied to the industrial hemp for mosaic on the soil with poor fertility of Wen village Commission of Longqing county bean in teacher county, the biological characters of the industrial hemp can be obviously improved, the growth vigor and growth phase can be improved, and the plant height, the crown diameter, the stem circumference, the chlorophyll, the weight of single plant flowers and leaves, the weight of single plant stems and stalks and the like are obviously increased; can obviously improve the flower and leaf yield of industrial hemp and has obvious benefit of increasing both production and income. The yield increase of 83.16 kg per mu by applying the nutrient self-prepared fertilizer such as the special compound fertilizer treatment ratio of the industrial hemp developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company is 15.06 percent, and the yield difference reaches a very remarkable level. The net income increase per mu is 1731.26 yuan compared with the fertilization treatment habit of farmers.
From the analysis of test results, in the Longqing county bean Wen village Commission of teachers and religious county, the local farmers plant the industrial hemp for flowers and leaves, the fertilizer application level still has unscientific phenomenon, the industrial hemp productivity level is still low, and the output value of the industrial hemp for flowers and leaves is influenced by unreasonable fertilizer application. Compared with self-prepared fertilizers with the same nutrients and fertilizing amount, the special industrial hemp compound fertilizer developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company has extremely remarkable yield increasing and income increasing effects, and shows that the special industrial hemp compound fertilizer has scientific raw material proportion and has better effects on promoting the yield increase of industrial hemp for flower leaves and promoting the absorption and utilization of the fertilizer.
Experiments prove that the industrial hemp for the flower leaves is applied to the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company, has better yield increasing and income increasing effects, and can be widely demonstrated and applied to soil with poor local fertility.
Example 5
"field fertilizer efficiency test report of special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp applied to industrial hemp in low-fertility soil 2020 of Master and Zong county in Qujing City"
1. Purpose and Source of the experiment
The field plot experiment of the industrial hemp special compound fertilizer for the flower and leaf of the industrial hemp developed by the company is implemented by the organization of Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology Limited company in low-fertility soil areas of Walu village Commission in Qujing city, in order to test and clarify the fertilizer efficiency of the industrial hemp special compound fertilizer developed by the company on the flower and leaf of the industrial hemp, so as to evaluate the yield-increasing effect and economic benefit of the product and provide scientific basis for the expansion, popularization and handling of the product.
2. Time and place of experiment
The test was scheduled to be conducted in wai-bao contract with a farmer of the wai village of watlu village, daughters, and dawn. Sowing the seeds at 18 days in 4 months in 2020, emergence of seedlings at 3 days in 5 months, one-time harvesting at 30 days in 10 months in 2020, and the full growth time of the industrial hemp for the flower leaves is 195 days.
3. Materials and methods
3.1 test materials
3.1.1 test soil
The altitude of a test site is 2009 meters, the annual rainfall is about 1050mm, the annual average temperature is 10.7 ℃, the soil of the test site is red soil, medium soil in texture, medium fertility and the like, and the representative area is 5000 mu. The former crop is corn, and the yield per mu is 0.45 ton. The soil nutrient condition of the test field is that the pH value of the soil is 5.8, the organic matter of the soil is 22.3g/kg, the total nitrogen of the soil is 1.65g/kg, the available phosphorus of the soil is 35.7mg/kg, and the available potassium of the soil is 75 mg/kg.
3.1.2 Fertilizer tested
The test fertilizer is a special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp for mosaic work, which is developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company, is suitable for low-fertility soil, and is a GB/T15063-2020 compound fertilizer production execution standard, and the test fertilizer is extruded particles. The fertilizer consists of three products with different formulas, namely 'base fertilizer', 'first top dressing', 'second top dressing': N-P2O5-K2O is 7.00-12.00-10.00 and the total nutrient is 29.00%; the product of 'first top dressing': N-P2O5-K2O is 15.00-7.00-8.00 and total nutrient is 30.00%; and (3) secondary topdressing of the product: N-P2O5-K2O is 16.00-4.00-15.00 and total nutrient is 35.00%. The market price of the base fertilizer product is 2.00 yuan/kg, the market price of the first top dressing product is 2.00 yuan/kg, and the market price of the second top dressing product is 2.40 yuan/kg.
Other fertilizers used for the tests:
compound fertilizer: production of compound fertilizer by Yunnan Yuntian fertilizer industry Co Ltd, production execution standard GB/T15063-2020 Compound Fertilizer, granular N-P2O5-K2O is 15.00-15.00-15.00, and the total nutrient is 45.00%; the market price is 3.80 yuan/kg.
Urea: the urea produced by Yunnan Yunwei group contains N more than or equal to 46.4 percent; the market price is 2.50 yuan/kg.
Calcium superphosphate: common calcium produced by Yunnan Anning Xiangfeng phosphate fertilizer factory, powder containing P2O5Not less than 16.0 percent; the market price is 0.70 yuan/kg.
Potassium sulfate: limited sale of agricultural materials in the green sea gelmuPotassium sulfate of company, powder, containing K2O is more than or equal to 50.0 percent; the market price is 4.00 yuan/kg.
3.1.3 test crops and varieties
The crop to be tested is industrial hemp for flower and leaf, and the variety is Yunyan No. 7.
3.2 test methods
3.2.1 test design
On the premise of consistent high-yield cultivation management measures, the test adopts a random block arrangement test design, three treatments are set for three times, and the area of a cell is 19.44m2(5.4m multiplied by 3.6m), the row spacing of the planted plants is 1.80m multiplied by 1.20cm, 9 plants are planted in each district, the number of the planted industrial hemp plants for the flower and leaf is reduced to 308 plants per mu, and protective rows are arranged around the planted industrial hemp plants. The test treatment comprises the following steps:
treatment 1, Special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp
Treatment 2, conventional fertilization for farmers
Treatment 3 and treatment 1 of self-prepared fertilizer with nutrients such as test fertilizer
Except for different fertilization, the treatment of each experiment is the same as other farm operation measures.
3.2.2 fertilizing method
Treatment 1, applying the base fertilizer products as base fertilizers according to the classification of fertilizer varieties, applying the first top dressing product in the first top dressing process, and applying the second top dressing product in the second top dressing process. The total fertilization amount N per mu is 15.20kg and P2O59.20kg, K2The O content is 13.20kg, and the total fertilizer nutrients are 37.60 kg.
And 2, treating, namely, traditionally applying fertilizers to farmers, applying base fertilizers to produce compound fertilizers, common calcium and potassium sulfate by Yunnan Yuntian field fertilizer industry limited company, and additionally applying urea by two times of additional manuring in the later period. The total fertilization amount N per mu is 22.24kg and P2O59.20kg, K26.00kg of O and 37.44kg of total fertilizer application nutrient.
And 3, applying elemental nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers which are urea, ordinary superphosphate and potassium sulfate respectively at the same time as the nutrients in the step 1. The total fertilization amount N per mu is 15.20kg and P2O59.20kg, K2The O content is 13.20kg, and the total fertilizer nutrients are 37.60 kg.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the test, no organic fertilizer is applied to the test plots.
Fertilizer application conditions of each treatment:
treatment 1: (special compound fertilizer for test industrial large hemp) when soil preparation is carried out in 2020, 4 months and 18 days, 40kg of special compound fertilizer 'base fertilizer' product for test industrial large hemp is applied to each mu as base fertilizer, the application method comprises the steps of dividing the cells according to the design, managing the soil moisture and making ponds, uniformly scattering all the base fertilizer to the center of each pond, scattering soil to cover and sowing, and paying attention to the fact that the distance between the seeds and the fertilizer is more than 15cm when sowing. After the hemp seeds enter the rapid growth period of 6 months and 27 days, the first topdressing is carried out, 40kg of special compound fertilizer 'first topdressing' for the hemp seeds in the test industry is applied for topdressing, the topdressing is carried out by digging 5-10cm deep from the root of the industrial hemp seeds at a distance of 20cm, and the fertilizer is covered with soil after the topdressing. And (3) performing secondary topdressing before 8-month and 16-day old industrial hemp female ramie enters the bud stage, applying 40kg of a compound fertilizer 'secondary topdressing' special for the industrial hemp to be tested in each mu for topdressing, performing annular fertilization by digging 5-10cm deep from the root of the industrial hemp at a distance of 30cm, and covering the fertilizer with soil after fertilization.
And (3) treatment 2: (farmer's conventional fertilization) when preparing soil in 18 days 4 months in 2020, 15-15-15 kg of compound fertilizer 40kg + 20kg of ordinary calcium are applied per mu as base fertilizers, the application method comprises the steps of dividing the plot according to the design, clearing the soil moisture and making the pond, uniformly spreading all the base fertilizers in the center of the pond, spreading the soil to cover and sowing, and paying attention to the fact that the distance between the seeds and the fertilizers is more than 15cm during sowing. After the hemp seeds enter the rapid growth stage for 6 months and 27 days, the first topdressing is carried out, 15kg of urea is applied to each mu for topdressing application, the topdressing is carried out at the distance of 20cm from the roots of the industrial hemp seeds and the digging depth is 5-10cm, and the fertilizer is covered with soil after the annular fertilization. And (3) performing secondary topdressing before 8-month and 16-day industrial large hemp female ramie enters the bud stage, applying 20kg of urea for topdressing per mu, annularly applying the topdressing at a distance of 30cm from the root of the industrial hemp and digging to a depth of 5-10cm, and covering the fertilizer with soil after applying the topdressing.
Treatment 3 (treatment 1 for fertilizer and other nutrient self-prepared fertilizer): when soil is prepared at 18 days 4 months 18 in 2020, 6.05kg of urea, 30.00kg of calcium superphosphate and 9.60kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu as base fertilizers, the application method comprises the steps of dividing a cell according to design, clearing soil moisture and digging a pond, uniformly spreading all the base fertilizers to the center of the pond, spreading soil to cover and sowing, and paying attention to the fact that the distance between seeds and the fertilizers is more than 15cm during sowing. After the hemp seeds enter the rapid growth stage for 27 days in 6 months, the first topdressing is carried out, 12.93kg of urea, 17.50kg of calcium superphosphate and 6.40kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu of hemp seeds for topdressing, the topdressing is carried out at the distance of 20cm from the root of the industrial hemp seeds by digging to the depth of 5-10cm for annular fertilization, and the fertilizers are covered with soil after fertilization. And (3) performing secondary topdressing before 8-month and 16-day industrial large hemp female ramie enters the current bud stage, applying 13.79kg of urea, 15.00kg of calcium superphosphate and 16.00kg of potassium sulfate for topdressing per mu, annularly applying topdressing at a distance of 30cm from the root of the industrial hemp by digging 5-10cm, and covering the fertilizer with soil after applying the topdressing.
3.2.3 test procedure
The test is carried out on the soil preparation of a rotary cultivator in the Walu test field in 11 days 4 and 2020, simultaneously, the ditch is communicated by adopting the specification of the row spacing of 1.2 meters, and the cells are divided on the same day (each cell is 19.44 m)2Length 5.4m x width 3.6m, 9 ponds per cell). Manually digging a pond at 18 days after 4 months, wherein the depth of the pond is 10-15cm, the diameter of the pond is 15-20cm, applying base fertilizer (according to the design amount of a test) to the bottom of the pond, covering soil for 3-5cm, sowing hemp seeds at four crossed points on the surface of the pond, sowing 3-5 seeds at each point, and covering the soil to tightly cover the seeds. The hemp is topdressed twice after the fast growth period (6 months and 27 days) and before the bud stage (8 months and 16 days). During sowing (4 months and 18 days), pesticide toxin and octyl (5% of phoxim and 10% of chlorpyrifos) are put into each pond for 10-20 granules, underground pests are prevented and controlled, and 5% of efficient cyhalothrin microemulsion is sprayed on the leaf surfaces in the seedling stage (5 months and 10 days) for preventing and controlling the pests. Mulching film is covered on 5 months and 29 days. Collecting the flower leaves after 10 months and 30 days of the industrial big fried dough twist leaves enter the process maturity period.
The industrial hemp for the flower leaves does not have any plant diseases and insect pests and natural disasters in the whole growth period.
4. Analysis of test results
4.1 Effect of different treatments on crop growth
From experimental observations it can be seen that: compared with treatments 2 and 3, the growth period of the industrial hemp flowers and leaves applied in the treatment 1 of the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp is not obviously changed.
4.2 Effect of different treatments on crop biological traits
When the test is harvested, indexes such as plant height, crown diameter, stem circumference, chlorophyll, single plant flower and leaf weight, single plant stem weight and the like of the crops are investigated, and 3 female numbing average numbers are selected in each cell. From the test results it can be seen that: compared with treatments 2 and 3, the treatment 1 applying the special compound fertilizer for the hemp flowers and leaves in the test industry has obviously improved main biological characters of the hemp flowers and leaves in the industry.
From plant height analysis: the height of the treated plant 1 can reach 454.00m, and compared with the treated plants 2 and 3, the plant heights are respectively increased by 98.00cm, 22.67cm, 27.53 percent and 5.26 percent; the height of the treated 2 plant is 356.00cm, compared with the treated 3 plant, the plant height is increased by-75.33 cm and increased by-17.47%; the second height of the treated 3 plants was 431.33 cm.
And (3) viewing from the crown diameter: the maximum crown diameter of the treatment 1 reaches 327.00cm, and compared with the treatments 2 and 3, the crown diameters are respectively increased by 39.67cm, 19.00cm, 13.81% and 6.17%; the crown diameter of 287.33cm is the minimum in the treatment 2, and compared with the treatment 3, the crown diameter is increased by-20.67 cm and increased by-6.71 percent; treatment 3 had a second crown diameter of 308.00 cm.
Seen from the stem circumference: the stem circumference of the stem in the treatment 1 is 25.25cm at the maximum, and is increased compared with the treatment 2 and the treatment 3 respectively
3.96cm and 1.93cm, increased by 18.60 percent and increased by 8.27 percent; the stem circumference of the stem of the treatment 2 is 21.29cm minimum, and compared with the stem circumference of the treatment 3, the stem circumference is increased by-2.03 cm and increased by-8.70 percent; treatment 3 stem circumference second, 23.32 cm.
Chlorophyll measured (SPAD) see: the SPAD of the treatment 1 is 39.44% at most, and compared with the treatments 2 and 3, the SPAD is increased by 2.01%, 0.77%, 5.37% and 1.98% respectively; the SPAD of the treatment 2 is 37.43 percent of the minimum, and compared with the treatment 3, the SPAD is increased by-1.24 percent and increased by-3.21 percentage points; treatment 3SPAD second, 38.67%.
From individual flower and leaf dry weight analysis: the dry weight of the flower and leaf of the single plant in the treatment 1 reaches 2.12kg, and compared with the treatment 2 and the treatment 3, the dry weight of the flower and leaf of the single plant is respectively increased by 0.46kg, 0.29kg, 27.97 percent and 16.06 percent; the dry weight of the single flower and leaf is the lightest 1.66kg in the treatment 2, and compared with the treatment 3, the dry weight of the single flower and leaf is increased by-0.17 kg and-9.31 percent; treatment 3 the dry weight of the individual flower leaves was the second, 1.83 kg.
Dry weight analysis from individual stalks: the dry weight of the single plant stalk in the treatment 1 reaches 3.96kg, and compared with the treatment 2 and the treatment 3, the dry weight of the single plant stalk is respectively increased by 1.06kg, 0.50kg, 36.75 percent and 14.46 percent; the dry weight of the single plant stalk of the treatment 2 is 2.89 lightest, and compared with the treatment 3, the dry weight of the single plant stalk is increased by-0.56 kg and increased by-16.30 percent; the dry weight of the single stem treated by the method 3 is second, and is 3.46 kg.
4.3 Effect of different treatments on the yield of flowers and leaves of Industrial hemp
And during measurement, real yield measurement is carried out according to all female plants in the plot, fresh flowers and leaves are respectively dried according to the real yield of each plant (the moisture content is below 15%) after being harvested, the flowers and leaves of a single plant are weighed, and the average number is calculated, so that the dry weight of the flowers and leaves per mu is calculated.
From the test results, the treatment 1 using the compound fertilizer special for test industrial hemp has a better yield-increasing effect for the industrial hemp for flowers and leaves than the treatments 2 and 3. The yield per mu of the dry weight of the flowers and leaves treated by the method 1 is highest 640.64kg, and compared with the yields treated by the methods 2 and 3, the yields of the flowers and leaves treated by the method are respectively increased by 166.32kg and 91.37kg per mu, and the increases are respectively 34.25 percent and 16.30 percent; the yield per mu of the dry weight of the flowers and leaves treated by the method 2 is 495.88kg the lowest, compared with the yield per mu treated by the method 3, the yield per mu is increased by-74.95 kg, and the amplification is-13.37%; the dry weight per mu yield of the treated 3 flowers and leaves is second, and is 560.56 kg.
The yield of industrial hemp for different treatment leaves is analyzed by variance, and the F value between the repetitions is 1.291<F0.056.944, indicating that the yield difference between replicates was not significant. F value 58.858 between treatments>F0.0118.000, indicating that the yield difference between treatments was significant, reaching a very significant level.
Multiple comparisons of significance of yield differences between treatments are shown in table 6.
By multiple comparison of the treatment yields in the test of significance of the yield difference between treatments by the least significant range method, it can be seen that: the difference in yield at the a-0.05 and a-0.01 levels was significant in treatment 1 compared to treatment 2 and treatment 3.
The difference in yield at the a-0.05 and a-0.01 levels was significant for both treatment 2 and treatment 3.
Experiments show that the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp for the flower leaves has obvious yield increasing effect.
4.4 Effect of different treatments on crop yield and benefit analysis
As can be seen from Table 7, the treatment was carried out at different input prices because of the difference in the types of fertilizers applied and the difference in the total amount of fertilizers applied. 256.00 yuan for treating 1 mu of fertilizer, 253.50 yuan for treating 2 mu of fertilizer and 253.63 yuan for treating 3 mu of fertilizer.
From the analysis data of the test results, the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp applied to the flower-leaf industrial hemp has better value-added and income-increasing effects. The yield of each treatment is converted into a yield value according to the unit price of 11.00 yuan/kg of the product when the flowers and leaves are collected by the industrial hemp, and the yield values of each treatment are compared after the input cost of newly added various fertilizers is deducted. The fertilizer yield and input ratio of treatment 1 is 28.01:1, and compared with treatment 2 and treatment 3, the new increase of yield per mu is 1829.52 yuan and 1005.11 yuan respectively; after deducting the cost of new fertilizer, the net income increase per mu is 1827.02 yuan and 1002.73 yuan respectively. The fertilizer yield and input ratio of the treatment 2 is 21.07:1, and compared with the treatment 3, the new increase of the yield per mu is-824.41 yuan, and the net increase of the income per mu is-824.29 yuan. The fertilizer production to input ratio of treatment 3 was 24.31: 1.
Shows that the application of the special compound fertilizer for the test industrial large ramie has better effect on improving the yield value and the benefit of the industrial large ramie for the flower leaves
5. Conclusions and suggestions
From the test results, the special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company is applied to the industrial hemp for mosaic on the low-fertility soil of Welt village in the male wall town of Master county, the biological characters of the industrial hemp can be obviously improved, the growth vigor and the growth phase are improved, and the plant height, the crown diameter, the stem circumference, the chlorophyll, the single-plant flower and leaf weight, the single-plant stem and stalk weight and the like are obviously increased; can obviously improve the flower and leaf yield of industrial hemp and has obvious benefit of increasing both production and income. The yield increase of 91.37kg per mu by applying the nutrient self-prepared fertilizer such as the special compound fertilizer treatment ratio of the industrial hemp developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company is 16.30 percent, and the yield difference reaches an extremely obvious level. The net income increase per mu is 1827.02 yuan compared with the fertilization treatment habit of farmers.
From the analysis of test results, in the village of Walu in the castration of teacher and land, the local farmers plant the industrial hemp for flowers and leaves, the fertilizer application level is still unscientific, the productivity level of the industrial hemp is still low, and the output value of the industrial hemp for flowers and leaves is influenced by unreasonable fertilizer application. Compared with self-prepared fertilizers with the same nutrients and fertilizing amount, the special industrial hemp compound fertilizer developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company has extremely remarkable yield increasing and income increasing effects, and shows that the special industrial hemp compound fertilizer has scientific raw material proportion and has better effects on promoting the yield increase of industrial hemp for flower leaves and promoting the absorption and utilization of the fertilizer.
Experiments prove that the industrial hemp for the flower leaves is applied to the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company, has better yield increasing and income increasing effects, and can be widely demonstrated and applied to local low-fertility soil.
Example 6
"field fertilizer efficiency test report of compound fertilizer special for industrial hemp applied to industrial hemp in middle fertility soil 2020 of teacher and religion city"
1. Purpose and Source of the experiment
The field plot experiment of the industrial hemp special compound fertilizer for the flower and leaf industrial hemp developed by the company is implemented by the organization of Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology Limited company in the middle fertility soil area of the village Committee of Kunzhong mountain town peak Longtan to test and determine the fertilizer efficiency of the industrial hemp special compound fertilizer developed by the company on the flower and leaf industrial hemp, so as to evaluate the yield increasing effect and the economic benefit of the product and provide scientific basis for the expansion of popularization and handling of the product.
2. Time and place of experiment
The test is arranged to be carried out in a total contract place of the peasant household Wangguang of Kunshan town Longtan village Committee in Guijing City. Sowing the seeds at 22 days 4 and 5 days 5 and 5 days 2020, harvesting the seeds at one time at 2 days 11 and 11 months 2020, and ensuring that the full growth time of the industrial hemp for the flower leaves is 190 days.
3. Materials and methods
3.1 test materials
3.1.1 test soil
The elevation of a test site is 1900 m, the annual rainfall is about 1100mm, the annual average air temperature is 14.5 ℃, the soil of the test site is red soil, the texture is medium soil, the fertility is medium, and the representative area is 1000 mu. The previous crop is flue-cured tobacco, and the yield per mu is 0.2 ton. The soil nutrient condition of the test field is that the pH value of the soil is 6.4, the organic matter of the soil is 31.4g/kg, the total nitrogen of the soil is 1.98g/kg, the available phosphorus of the soil is 75.8mg/kg, and the available potassium of the soil is 173 mg/kg.
3.1.2 Fertilizer tested
The test fertilizer is a special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp for mosaic, developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology Limited company, is suitable for medium-fertility soil, and is used for producing an execution standard GB/T15063-2020 compound fertilizer, and the test fertilizer is extruded particles. The fertilizer consists of three products with different formulas, namely 'base fertilizer', 'first top dressing', 'second top dressing': N-P2O5-K2O is 7.00 to 13.00 to 5.00 percent, and the total nutrient is 25.00 percent; the product of 'first top dressing': N-P2O5-K2O is 13.00 to 7.00 percent, and the total nutrient is 27.00 percent; and (3) secondary topdressing of the product: N-P2O5-K2O is 18.00-0.00-13.00 and total nutrient is 231.00%. The market price of the base fertilizer product is 1.80 yuan/kg, the market price of the first top dressing product is 1.90 yuan/kg, and the market price of the second top dressing product is 2.20 yuan/kg.
Other fertilizers used for the tests:
compound fertilizer: production of compound fertilizer by Yunnan Yuntian fertilizer industry Co Ltd, production execution standard GB/T15063-2020 Compound Fertilizer, granular N-P2O5-K2O is 15.00-15.00-15.00, and the total nutrient is 45.00%; the market price is 3.80 yuan/kg.
Urea: the urea produced by Yunnan Yunwei group contains N more than or equal to 46.4 percent; the market price is 2.50 yuan/kg.
Calcium superphosphate: common calcium produced by Yunnan Anning Xiangfeng phosphate fertilizer factory, powder containing P2O5Not less than 16.0 percent; the market price is 0.70 yuan/kg.
Potassium sulfate: potassium sulfate of the Qinghai Guelder Fuell agricultural materials marketing Co., Ltd, in powder form, containing K2O is more than or equal to 50.0 percent; the market price is 4.00 yuan/kg.
3.1.3 test crops and varieties
The crop to be tested is industrial hemp for flower and leaf, and the variety is Yunyan No. 7.
3.2 test methods
3.2.1 test design
High-yield cultivation management measure IOn the premise of the above, the test is designed by random block arrangement, three treatments are set for three times, and the cell area is 19.44m2(5.4m multiplied by 3.6m), the row spacing of the planted plants is 1.80m multiplied by 1.20cm, 9 plants are planted in each district, the number of the planted industrial hemp plants for the flower and leaf is reduced to 308 plants per mu, and protective rows are arranged around the planted industrial hemp plants. The test treatment comprises the following steps:
treatment 1, Special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp
Treatment 2, conventional fertilization for farmers
Treatment 3 and treatment 1 of self-prepared fertilizer with nutrients such as test fertilizer
Except for different fertilization, the treatment of each experiment is the same as other farm operation measures.
3.2.2 fertilizing method
Treatment 1, applying the base fertilizer products as base fertilizers according to the classification of fertilizer varieties, applying the first top dressing product in the first top dressing process, and applying the second top dressing product in the second top dressing process. The total fertilization amount N per mu is 15.20kg and P2O58.00kg, K210.00kg of O and 33.20kg of total fertilizer application nutrients.
And 2, treating, namely, traditionally applying fertilizers to farmers, applying base fertilizers to produce compound fertilizers, common calcium and potassium sulfate by Yunnan Yuntian field fertilizer industry limited company, and additionally applying urea by two times of additional manuring in the later period. The total fertilization amount N per mu is 22.24kg and P2O59.20kg, K26.00kg of O and 37.44kg of total fertilizer application nutrient.
And 3, applying elemental nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers which are urea, ordinary superphosphate and potassium sulfate respectively at the same time as the nutrients in the step 1. The total fertilization amount N per mu is 15.20kg and P2O58.00kg, K210.00kg of O and 33.20kg of total fertilizer application nutrients.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the test, no organic fertilizer is applied to the test plots.
Fertilizer application conditions of each treatment:
treatment 1: (Compound fertilizer special for test industrial large hemp) when soil preparation is carried out in 22 days of 4 months and 2020, 40kg of compound fertilizer 'base fertilizer' product special for test industrial large hemp is applied as base fertilizer per mu, the application method comprises the steps of dividing cells according to design, managing soil moisture and making ponds, uniformly scattering all base fertilizer in the center of each pond, scattering soil to cover and sowing, and paying attention to the fact that the distance between seeds and fertilizer is more than 15cm when sowing. After the hemp seeds enter the rapid growth period of 28 days in 6 months, the first topdressing is carried out, 40kg of special compound fertilizer 'first topdressing' for the hemp seeds in the test industry is applied for topdressing, the topdressing is carried out in an annular mode by digging 5-10cm deep from the root of the industrial hemp seeds at a distance of 20cm, and the fertilizer is covered with soil after the fertilization. And (3) performing secondary topdressing before 8-month and 20-day old industrial hemp female ramie enters the bud stage, applying 40kg of a compound fertilizer 'secondary topdressing' special for the industrial hemp to be tested in each mu for topdressing, performing annular fertilization by digging 5-10cm deep from the root of the industrial hemp at a distance of 30cm, and covering the fertilizer with soil after fertilization.
And (3) treatment 2: (farmer's conventional fertilization) when preparing soil in 22 days of 4 months and 22 days in 2020, 15-15-15 kg of compound fertilizer and 20kg of ordinary calcium are applied per mu as base fertilizers, the application method comprises the steps of dividing the cells according to the design, clearing the soil moisture and making ponds, uniformly spreading all the base fertilizers to the centers of the ponds, spreading soil to cover and sowing, and paying attention to the fact that the distance between the seeds and the fertilizers is more than 15cm during sowing. After the hemp seeds enter the rapid growth stage for 28 days in 6 months, the first topdressing is carried out, 15kg of urea is applied to each mu for topdressing, the topdressing is carried out at the distance of 20cm from the roots of the industrial hemp seeds and the depth of 5-10cm for annular fertilization, and the fertilizers are covered with soil after fertilization. And (3) performing secondary topdressing before 8-month and 20-day industrial large hemp female ramie enters the bud stage, applying 20kg of urea for topdressing per mu, annularly applying the topdressing at a distance of 30cm from the root of the industrial hemp and digging to a depth of 5-10cm, and covering the fertilizer with soil after applying the topdressing.
Treatment 3 (treatment 1 for fertilizer and other nutrient self-prepared fertilizer): when soil preparation is carried out 22 days in 4 months in 2020, 6.03kg of urea, 32.50kg of calcium superphosphate and 4.60kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu as base fertilizers, the application method comprises the steps of dividing a cell according to design, clearing soil moisture and digging a pond, uniformly spreading all the base fertilizers to the center of the pond, spreading soil to cover and sowing, and paying attention to the fact that the distance between seeds and the fertilizers is more than 15cm during sowing. After the hemp seeds enter the rapid growth stage for 28 days in 6 months, the first topdressing is carried out, 11.21kg of urea, 17.50kg of calcium superphosphate and 5.60kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu of hemp seeds for topdressing, the topdressing is carried out in an annular mode by digging 5-10cm deep from the root of the industrial hemp seeds by a distance of 20cm, and the fertilizer is covered with soil after the topdressing. And (3) performing secondary topdressing before 8-month and 20-day industrial large hemp female ramie enters the current bud stage, applying 15.52kg of urea, 0.00kg of calcium superphosphate and 10.40kg of potassium sulfate for topdressing per mu, annularly applying topdressing at a distance of 30cm from the root of the industrial hemp by digging 5-10cm, and covering the fertilizer with soil after applying the topdressing.
3.2.3 test procedure
The test is carried out by preparing soil with a rotary cultivator at 22 days 4 months in 2020, simultaneously performing ditch opening by adopting a row spacing specification of 1.2 meters, and dividing cells (19.44 m per cell) on the same day2Length 5.4m x width 3.6m, 9 ponds per cell). Manually digging the pond in 22 days after 4 months, wherein the depth of the pond is 10-15cm, the diameter of the pond is 15-20cm, applying base fertilizer (according to the design amount of the test) to the bottom of the pond, covering soil for 3-5cm, sowing hemp seeds at four crossed points on the surface of the pond, sowing 3-5 seeds at each point, and covering the soil to tightly cover the seeds. The hemp is topdressed twice after the fast growth period (6 months and 28 days) and before the bud period (8 months and 20 days). During sowing (4 months and 22 days), 10-20 granules of pesticide toxin (5% of phoxim and 10% of chlorpyrifos) are put into each pond to control underground pests, and the pesticides 30% of thiacloprid, high-chlorine fluorine suspending agent and 45% of high-efficiency cypermethrin missible oil are sprayed on leaf surfaces to control the pests in the seedling stage (5 months and 13 days). Mulching film is covered for 5 months and 30 days. And (4) harvesting the flowers and leaves after the industrial big twisted flowers and leaves enter the process maturity period of 11 months and 2 days.
The industrial hemp for the flower leaves does not have any plant diseases and insect pests and natural disasters in the whole growth period.
4. Analysis of test results
4.1 Effect of different treatments on crop growth
From experimental observations it can be seen that: compared with treatments 2 and 3, the growth period of the industrial hemp flowers and leaves applied in the treatment 1 of the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp is not obviously changed.
4.2 Effect of different treatments on crop biological traits
When the test is harvested, indexes such as plant height, crown diameter, stem circumference, chlorophyll, single plant flower and leaf weight, single plant stem weight and the like of the crops are investigated, and 3 female numbing average numbers are selected in each cell. From the test results it can be seen that: compared with treatments 2 and 3, the treatment 1 applying the special compound fertilizer for the hemp flowers and leaves in the test industry has obviously improved main biological characters of the hemp flowers and leaves in the industry.
From plant height analysis: the height of the treated plant 1 can reach 449.00m, and compared with the treated plants 2 and 3, the plant heights are respectively increased by 102.33cm, 31.67cm, 29.52 percent and 7.59 percent; the height of the treated 2 plant is 346.67cm, compared with the treated 3 plant, the plant height is increased by-70.67 cm and increased by-16.93%; the second height of the treated 3 plants was 417.33 cm.
And (3) viewing from the crown diameter: the maximum crown diameter of the treatment 1 reaches 315.67cm, and compared with the treatments 2 and 3, the crown diameters are respectively increased by 34.00cm, 17.00cm, 12.07 percent and 5.69 percent; the crown diameter of 281.67cm is the minimum in the treatment 2, and compared with the treatment 3, the crown diameter is increased by-17.00 cm and increased by-5.369%; treatment 3 had a second crown diameter of 398.67 cm.
Seen from the stem circumference: the maximum stem circumference of the treatment 1 reaches 24.76cm, and compared with the treatments 2 and 3, the stem circumference is increased by 4.32cm, 1.39cm, 21.15 percent and 5.95 percent respectively; the stem circumference of the stem of the treatment 2 is 20.44cm minimum, and compared with the stem circumference of the treatment 3, the stem circumference is increased by-2.93 cm and increased by-12.55 percent; treatment 3 stem circumference second, 23.37 cm.
Chlorophyll measured (SPAD) see: the SPAD of the treatment 1 is up to 40.05 percent at most, and compared with the treatments 2 and 3, the SPAD is increased by 2.31 percent, 1.08 percent, 6.11 percent and 2.78 percent respectively; SPAD of treatment 2 was 37.74% minimum, and compared with treatment 3, SPAD was increased by-1.22% and-3.14 percentage points; treatment 3SPAD second, 38.97%.
From individual flower and leaf dry weight analysis: the dry weight of the flower and leaf of the single plant in the treatment 1 reaches 2.12kg, and compared with the treatment 2 and the treatment 3, the dry weight of the flower and leaf of the single plant is respectively increased by 0.49kg, 0.15kg, 29.74 percent and 7.60 percent; 2, the dry weight of the single flower and leaf is the lightest 1.64kg, and compared with the dry weight of the single flower and leaf of 3, the dry weight of the single flower and leaf is increased by-0.34 kg and-17.06 percent; treatment 3 the dry weight of the individual flower leaves is the second, 1.97 kg.
Dry weight analysis from individual stalks: the dry weight of the single plant stalk in the treatment 1 reaches 4.10kg, and compared with the treatment 2 and the treatment 3, the dry weight of the single plant stalk is respectively increased by 1.00kg, 0.60kg, 32.12 percent and 17.14 percent; the dry weight of the single plant stem in the treatment 2 is 3.10 lightest, and compared with the treatment 3, the dry weight of the single plant stem is increased by-0.40 kg and increased by-11.33 percent; the dry weight of the single stem treated by the method 3 is second, and is 3.50 kg.
4.3 Effect of different treatments on the yield of flowers and leaves of Industrial hemp
And during measurement, real yield measurement is carried out according to all female plants in the plot, fresh flowers and leaves are respectively dried according to the real yield of each plant (the moisture content is below 15%) after being harvested, the flowers and leaves of a single plant are weighed, and the average number is calculated, so that the dry weight of the flowers and leaves per mu is calculated.
From the test results, the treatment 1 using the compound fertilizer special for test industrial hemp has a better yield-increasing effect for the industrial hemp for flowers and leaves than the treatments 2 and 3. The yield per mu of the dry weight of the flowers and leaves treated by the method 1 is highest 616.00kg, and compared with the yields treated by the methods 2 and 3, the yields are respectively increased by 127.31kg and 53.39kg per mu, and the increases are respectively 26.05% and 6.49%; the yield per mu of the dry weight of the flowers and leaves treated by the method 2 is 488.69kg the lowest, compared with the yield per mu treated by the method 3, the yield per mu is increased by-73.92 kg, and the amplification is-13.15%; the dry weight per mu yield of the treated 3 flowers and leaves is second, and is 562.61 kg.
The yield of industrial hemp for different treated leaves is analyzed by variance, and the F value between the repetitions is 0.180<F0.056.944, indicating that the yield difference between replicates was not significant. F value 67.628 between treatments>F0.0118.000, indicating that the yield difference between treatments was significant, reaching a very significant level.
By multiple comparison of the treatment yields in the test of significance of the yield difference between treatments by the least significant range method, it can be seen that: the difference in yield at the a-0.05 and a-0.01 levels was significant for treatment 1 compared to treatment 2 and treatment 3; the difference in yield at the a-0.05 and a-0.01 levels was significant for both treatment 2 and treatment 3.
Experiments show that the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp for the flower leaves has obvious yield increasing effect.
4.4 Effect of different treatments on crop yield and benefit analysis
From the viewpoint of experimental fertilizer input, the input price differs depending on the type of fertilizer to be applied and the total amount of fertilizer to be applied. 236.00 yuan for treating 1 mu of fertilizer, 253.50 yuan for treating 2 mu of fertilizer and 196.90 yuan for treating 3 mu of fertilizer.
From the analysis data of the test results, the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp applied to the flower-leaf industrial hemp has better value-added and income-increasing effects. The yield of each treatment is converted into a yield value according to the unit price of 11.00 yuan/kg of the product when the flowers and leaves are collected by the industrial hemp, and the yield values of each treatment are compared after the input cost of newly added various fertilizers is deducted. The fertilizer yield-input ratio of treatment 1 is 28.71:1, and compared with treatment 2 and treatment 3, the new increase of yield values of 1400.37 yuan and 587.25 yuan is respectively realized; after deducting the cost of new fertilizer, the net income increase per mu is 1417.87 yuan and 548.15 yuan respectively. The fertilizer yield-input ratio of the treatment 2 is 21.21:1, and compared with the treatment 3, the new increase of the yield per mu is-813.12 yuan, and the net increase of the income per mu is-869.72 yuan. The fertilizer production to feed ratio of treatment 3 was 31.43: 1.
The application of the special compound fertilizer for the test industrial large ramie is proved to have better effect on improving the yield value and benefit of the industrial large ramie for the flower leaves.
5. Conclusions and suggestions
From the test results, the special industrial hemp compound fertilizer developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company is applied to the industrial hemp for mosaic on the medium-fertility soil of the mountain town peak Longtan village Committee of Master county, the biological properties of the industrial hemp can be obviously improved, the growth vigor and growth phase are improved, and the plant height, the crown diameter, the stem circumference, the chlorophyll, the single-plant flower and leaf weight, the single-plant stem and stalk weight and the like are obviously increased; can obviously improve the flower and leaf yield of industrial hemp and has obvious benefit of increasing both production and income. The yield of the fertilizer is increased by 53.39kg per mu by applying the nutrient self-prepared fertilizer such as the special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company, the increase is 9.49 percent, and the yield difference reaches an extremely obvious level. The net income increase per mu is 1417.87 yuan compared with the fertilization treatment habit of farmers.
From the analysis of test results, in the village committee of township, town, peak, and puddle of teachers and religious county, the local farmers plant the industrial hemp for flowers and leaves, the fertilizer application level still has unscientific phenomenon, the industrial hemp productivity level is still low, and the output value of the industrial hemp for flowers and leaves is influenced by unreasonable fertilizer application. Compared with self-prepared fertilizers with the same nutrients and fertilizing amount, the special industrial hemp compound fertilizer developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company has extremely remarkable yield increasing and income increasing effects, and shows that the special industrial hemp compound fertilizer has scientific raw material proportion and has better effects on promoting the yield increase of industrial hemp for flower leaves and promoting the absorption and utilization of the fertilizer.
Experiments prove that the industrial hemp for the flower leaves is applied to the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company, has better yield increasing and income increasing effects, and can be widely applied to local moderate fertility soil.
Example 7
"field fertilizer efficiency test report of high fertility soil 2020 annual flower and leaf applying industrial hemp special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp in Ge Jing city, teacher and religion"
1. Purpose and Source of the experiment
The field plot experiment of the industrial hemp special compound fertilizer for the flower and leaf industrial hemp developed by the company is implemented by the organization of Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology Limited company in the high-fertility soil area of the village Committee of the male wall town of Qujing City in order to test and clarify the fertilizer efficiency of the industrial hemp special compound fertilizer developed by the company on the flower and leaf industrial hemp, so as to evaluate the yield-increasing effect and economic benefit of the product and provide scientific basis for the expansion, popularization and handling of the product.
2. Time and place of experiment
The test arrangement is carried out in the district where the peasant households of village committee in the dawn town of dawn county, shang Jing city, shorea. Sowing the seeds at 19 days 4 and 1 day 5 and 29 days 10 and 29 days 2020, and harvesting the seeds at one time, wherein the full growth time of the industrial hemp for the flower leaves is 193 days.
3. Materials and methods
3.1 test materials
3.1.1 test soil
The altitude of a test site is 1995 m, the annual rainfall is about 1080mm, the annual average temperature is 11.5 ℃, the soil of the test site is red soil, the texture is medium soil, the fertility is high, and the representative area is 3000 mu. The former crop is corn, and the yield per mu is 0.8 ton. The soil nutrient condition of the test field is that the pH value of the soil is 6.2, the soil organic matter is 38.6g/kg, the soil total nitrogen is 2.13g/kg, the soil available phosphorus is 90.9mg/kg, and the soil available potassium is 221 mg/kg.
3.1.2 Fertilizer tested
The test fertilizer is a special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp for mosaic work, which is developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company, is suitable for high-fertility soil, and is a GB/T15063-2020 compound fertilizer production execution standard, and the test fertilizer is extruded particles. The fertilizer consists of three products with different formulas, namely 'base fertilizer', 'first top dressing', 'second top dressing': N-P2O5-K2O is 8.00-10.00-7.00 and the total nutrient is 25.00%; the product of 'first top dressing':N-P2O5-K2o is 13.00 to 4.00 to 8.00 percent, and the total nutrient is 25.00 percent; and (3) secondary topdressing of the product: N-P2O5-K2O is 18.00-0.00-10.00 and total nutrient is 28.00%. The market price of the base fertilizer product is 1.80 yuan/kg, the market price of the first top dressing product is 1.80 yuan/kg, and the market price of the second top dressing product is 2.10 yuan/kg.
Other fertilizers used for the tests:
compound fertilizer: production of compound fertilizer by Yunnan Yuntian fertilizer industry Co Ltd, production execution standard GB/T15063-2020 Compound Fertilizer, granular N-P2O5-K2O is 15.00-15.00-15.00, and the total nutrient is 45.00%; the market price is 3.80 yuan/kg.
Urea: the urea produced by Yunnan Yunwei group contains N more than or equal to 46.4 percent; the market price is 2.50 yuan/kg.
Calcium superphosphate: common calcium produced by Yunnan Anning Xiangfeng phosphate fertilizer factory, powder containing P2O5Not less than 16.0 percent; the market price is 0.70 yuan/kg.
Potassium sulfate: potassium sulfate of the Qinghai Guelder Fuell agricultural materials marketing Co., Ltd, in powder form, containing K2O is more than or equal to 50.0 percent; the market price is 4.00 yuan/kg.
3.1.3 test crops and varieties
The crop to be tested is industrial hemp for flower and leaf, and the variety is Yunyan No. 7.
3.2 test methods
3.2.1 test design
On the premise of consistent high-yield cultivation management measures, the test adopts a random block arrangement test design, three treatments are set for three times, and the area of a cell is 19.44m2(5.4m multiplied by 3.6m), the row spacing of the planted plants is 1.80m multiplied by 1.20cm, 9 plants are planted in each district, the number of the planted industrial hemp plants for the flower and leaf is reduced to 308 plants per mu, and protective rows are arranged around the planted industrial hemp plants. The test treatment comprises the following steps:
treatment 1, Special compound fertilizer for industrial hemp
Treatment 2, conventional fertilization for farmers
Treatment 3 and treatment 1 of self-prepared fertilizer with nutrients such as test fertilizer
Except for different fertilization, the treatment of each experiment is the same as other farm operation measures.
3.2.2 fertilizing method
Treatment 1, applying the base fertilizer products as base fertilizers according to the classification of fertilizer varieties, applying the first top dressing product in the first top dressing process, and applying the second top dressing product in the second top dressing process. The total fertilization amount N per mu is 15.60kg and P2O55.60kg, K210.00kg of O and 31.20kg of total fertilizer application nutrient.
And 2, treating, namely, traditionally applying fertilizers to farmers, applying base fertilizers to produce compound fertilizers, common calcium and potassium sulfate by Yunnan Yuntian field fertilizer industry limited company, and additionally applying urea by two times of additional manuring in the later period. The total fertilization amount N per mu is 22.24kg and P2O59.20kg, K26.00kg of O and 37.44kg of total fertilizer application nutrient.
And 3, applying elemental nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers which are urea, ordinary superphosphate and potassium sulfate respectively at the same time as the nutrients in the step 1. The total fertilization amount per mu is 15.60kg, P2O5 is 5.60kg, K210.00kg of O and 31.20kg of total fertilizer application nutrient.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the test, no organic fertilizer is applied to the test plots.
Fertilizer application conditions of each treatment:
treatment 1: (Compound fertilizer special for test industrial large hemp) when soil preparation is carried out in 19 days 4 and 4 months 2020, 40kg of compound fertilizer 'base fertilizer' product special for test industrial large hemp is applied as base fertilizer per mu, the application method comprises the steps of dividing cells according to design, managing soil moisture and making ponds, uniformly scattering all base fertilizer in the center of each pond, scattering soil to cover and sowing, and paying attention to the fact that the distance between seeds and fertilizer is more than 15cm when sowing. After the hemp seeds enter the rapid growth period of 26 days in 6 months, the first topdressing is carried out, 40kg of special compound fertilizer 'first topdressing' for the hemp seeds in the test industry is applied for topdressing, the topdressing is carried out by digging 5-10cm deep from the root of the industrial hemp seeds at a distance of 20cm, and the fertilizer is covered with soil after the topdressing. And (3) performing secondary topdressing before 8-month and 15-day old industrial hemp female ramie enters the bud stage, applying 40kg of a compound fertilizer 'secondary topdressing' special for the industrial hemp to be tested in each mu for topdressing, performing annular fertilization by digging 5-10cm deep from the root of the industrial hemp at a distance of 30cm, and covering the fertilizer with soil after fertilization.
And (3) treatment 2: (farmer's conventional fertilization) when preparing soil in 19 days 4 months 4 in 2020, 15-15-15 kg of compound fertilizer 40kg + 20kg of ordinary calcium are applied per mu as base fertilizers, the application method comprises the steps of dividing the plot according to the design, clearing the soil moisture and making the pond, uniformly spreading all the base fertilizers in the center of the pond, spreading the soil to cover and sowing, and paying attention to the fact that the distance between the seeds and the fertilizers is more than 15cm during sowing. After the hemp seeds enter the rapid growth stage for 6 months and 26 days, the first topdressing is carried out, 15kg of urea is applied to each mu for topdressing application, the topdressing is carried out at the distance of 20cm from the roots of the industrial hemp seeds and the digging depth is 5-10cm, and the fertilizer is covered with soil after the annular fertilization. And (3) performing secondary topdressing before 8-month and 15-day industrial large hemp female ramie enters the bud stage, applying 20kg of urea for topdressing per mu, annularly applying the topdressing at a distance of 30cm from the root of the industrial hemp and digging to a depth of 5-10cm, and covering the fertilizer with soil after applying the topdressing.
Treatment 3 (treatment 1 for fertilizer and other nutrient self-prepared fertilizer): when soil preparation is carried out in 19 days 4 months in 2020, 6.90kg of urea, 25.00kg of calcium superphosphate and 5.60kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu as base fertilizers, the application method comprises the steps of dividing a cell according to design, clearing soil moisture and digging a pond, uniformly spreading all the base fertilizers to the center of the pond, spreading soil to cover and sowing, and paying attention to the fact that the distance between seeds and the fertilizers is more than 15cm during sowing. After the hemp seeds enter the rapid growth stage for 26 days in 6 months, the first topdressing is carried out, 11.21kg of urea, 10.00kg of calcium superphosphate and 6.40kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu of hemp seeds for topdressing, the topdressing is carried out at the distance of 20cm from the root of the industrial hemp seeds by digging to the depth of 5-10cm for annular fertilization, and the fertilizers are covered with soil after fertilization. And (3) performing secondary topdressing before 8-month and 15-day industrial large hemp female ramie enters the current bud stage, applying 15.52kg of urea, 0.00kg of calcium superphosphate and 8.00kg of potassium sulfate for topdressing per mu, annularly applying topdressing at a distance of 30cm from the root of the industrial hemp by digging 5-10cm, and covering the fertilizer with soil after applying the topdressing.
3.2.3 test procedure
The test is carried out in a big house test field, the rotary cultivator is used for soil preparation in 19 days 4 months 4 in 2020, simultaneously, the row spacing specification of 1.2 meters is adopted for ditch opening, and cells are divided on the same day (each cell is 19.44 m)2Length 5.4m x width 3.6m, 9 ponds per cell). Manually digging the pond at 19 days 4 months, wherein the depth of the pond is 10-15cm, the diameter of the pond is 15-20cm, applying base fertilizer (according to the design amount of the test) to the bottom of the pond, covering soil for 3-5cm, sowing hemp seeds at four crossed points on the surface of the pond, sowing 3-5 seeds at each point, covering soil and tightly covering the seeds to obtain the fertilizerCan be prepared. The hemp is topdressed twice after the fast growth period (26 days in 6 months) and before the bud period (15 days in 8 months). During sowing (19 days in 4 months) 10-20 granules of pesticide toxin (5% phoxim and 10% chlorpyrifos granules) are put into each pond to control underground pests, and during the seedling stage (10 days in 5 months), 30% of pesticide thiacloprid, high-chlorine fluorine suspending agent and 45% of high-efficiency cypermethrin missible oil are sprayed on leaf surfaces to control the pests. Mulching film is covered for 5 months and 31 days. And (5) harvesting the flowers and leaves after 10 months and 29 days of the industrial big twisted leaves enter the process maturity stage.
The industrial hemp for the flower leaves does not have any plant diseases and insect pests and natural disasters in the whole growth period.
4. Analysis of test results
4.1 Effect of different treatments on crop growth
From experimental observations it can be seen that: compared with treatments 2 and 3, the growth period of the industrial hemp flowers and leaves applied in the treatment 1 of the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp is not obviously changed.
4.2 Effect of different treatments on crop biological traits
When the test is harvested, indexes such as plant height, crown diameter, stem circumference, chlorophyll, single plant flower and leaf weight, single plant stem weight and the like of the crops are investigated, and 3 female numbing average numbers are selected in each cell. From the test results it can be seen that: compared with treatments 2 and 3, the treatment 1 applying the special compound fertilizer for the hemp flowers and leaves in the test industry has obviously improved main biological characters of the hemp flowers and leaves in the industry.
From plant height analysis: the height of the treated plant 1 can reach 462.00m, and compared with the treated plants 2 and 3, the plant heights are respectively increased by 104.00cm, 24.67cm, 29.05 percent and 5.64 percent; the height of the treated 2 plant is 358.00cm, compared with the treated 3 plant, the plant height is increased by-79.33 cm and increased by-18.14%; the second height of the treated 3 plants was 437.33 cm.
And (3) viewing from the crown diameter: the maximum crown diameter of the treatment 1 reaches 335.33cm, and compared with the treatments 2 and 3, the crown diameters are respectively increased by 46.67cm, 21.33cm, 16.17 percent and 6.79 percent; the crown diameter of 288.67cm is the minimum in the treatment 2, and compared with the treatment 3, the crown diameter is increased by-25.33 cm and increased by-8.07 percent; treatment 3 had a second crown diameter of 314.00 cm.
Seen from the stem circumference: the maximum stem circumference of the treatment 1 reaches 26.15cm, and compared with the treatments 2 and 3, the stem circumference is respectively increased by 4.06cm, 1.83cm, 18.36 percent and 7.52 percent; the stem circumference of the stem of the treatment 2 is 22.10cm minimum, and compared with the stem circumference of the treatment 3, the stem circumference is increased by-2.23 cm and increased by-9.15 percent; treatment 3 stem circumference second, 24.32 cm.
Chlorophyll measured (SPAD) see: the SPAD of the treatment 1 is 40.80% at most, and compared with the treatments 2 and 3, the SPAD is increased by 2.71%, 1.94%, 7.12% and 5.00% respectively; the SPAD of the treatment 2 is 38.09 percent of the minimum, and compared with the treatment 3, the SPAD is increased by-0.77 percent and increased by-1.98 percent; treatment 3SPAD second, 38.86%.
From individual flower and leaf dry weight analysis: the dry weight of the flower and leaf of the single plant in the treatment 1 reaches 2.27kg, and compared with the treatment 2 and the treatment 3, the dry weight of the flower and leaf of the single plant is respectively increased by 0.54kg, 0.39kg, 31.21 percent and 20.74 percent; 2, the dry weight of the single flower and leaf is the lightest 1.73kg, and compared with 3, the dry weight of the single flower and leaf is increased by-0.15 kg and-7.98 percent; treatment 3 the dry weight of the individual flower leaves was the second, 1.88 kg.
Dry weight analysis from individual stalks: the dry weight of the single plant stalk in the treatment 1 reaches 4.16kg, and compared with the treatment 2 and the treatment 3, the dry weight of the single plant stalk is respectively increased by 1.12kg, 0.70kg, 36.65 percent and 20.10 percent; the dry weight of the single plant stem in the treatment 2 is 3.05 lightest, and compared with the treatment 3, the dry weight of the single plant stem is increased by-0.42 kg and increased by-12.12 percent; the dry weight of the single stem treated by the method 3 is second, and is 3.47 kg.
4.3 Effect of different treatments on the yield of flowers and leaves of Industrial hemp
And during measurement, real yield measurement is carried out according to all female plants in the plot, fresh flowers and leaves are respectively dried according to the real yield of each plant (the moisture content is below 15%) after being harvested, the flowers and leaves of a single plant are weighed, and the average number is calculated, so that the dry weight of the flowers and leaves per mu is calculated.
From the test results, the treatment 1 using the compound fertilizer special for test industrial hemp has a better yield-increasing effect for the industrial hemp for flowers and leaves than the treatments 2 and 3. The yield per mu of the dry weight of the flowers and leaves treated by the method 1 is highest 677.60kg, and compared with the yields treated by the methods 2 and 3, the yields of the flowers and leaves treated by the method are respectively increased by 179.67kg and 82.13kg per mu, and the increases are respectively 36.08 percent and 13.79 percent; the yield per mu of the dry weight of the flowers and leaves treated by the method 2 is 497.93kg the lowest, compared with the yield per mu treated by the method 3, the yield per mu is increased by-97.53 kg, and the amplification is-16.38%; the dry weight per mu yield of the treated 3 flowers and leaves is second, and is 594.47 kg.
By processing different processesThe yield of industrial hemp for the flower leaves is analyzed by variance, and the F value between the repetitions is 6.731<F0.056.944, indicating that the yield difference between replicates was not significant. F value 295.192 between treatments>F0.0118.000, indicating that the yield difference between treatments was significant, reaching a very significant level.
By multiple comparison of the treatment yields in the test of significance of the yield difference between treatments by the least significant range method, it can be seen that: the difference in yield at the a-0.05 and a-0.01 levels was significant for treatment 1 compared to treatment 2 and treatment 3; the difference in yield at the a-0.05 and a-0.01 levels was significant for both treatment 2 and treatment 3.
Experiments show that the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp for the flower leaves has obvious yield increasing effect.
4.4 Effect of different treatments on crop yield and benefit analysis
From the viewpoint of experimental fertilizer input, the input price differs depending on the type of fertilizer to be applied and the total amount of fertilizer to be applied. 228.00 yuan for treating 1 mu of fertilizer, 253.50 yuan for treating 2 mu of fertilizer and 188.58 yuan for treating 3 mu of fertilizer.
From the analysis data of the test results, the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp applied to the flower-leaf industrial hemp has better value-added and income-increasing effects. The yield of each treatment is converted into a yield value according to the unit price of 11.00 yuan/kg of the product when the flowers and leaves are collected by the industrial hemp, and the yield values of each treatment are compared after the input cost of newly added various fertilizers is deducted. The fertilizer yield and input ratio of treatment 1 is 32.69:1, compared with treatment 2 and treatment 3, the new increase of yield value of 1976.33 yuan and 903.47 yuan is respectively carried out for each mu; after deducting the cost of new fertilizer, the net income increase per mu is 2001.83 yuan and 864.04 yuan respectively. The fertilizer yield-input ratio of the treatment 2 is 21.61:1, and compared with the treatment 3, the new increase of the yield per mu is-1072.87 yuan, and the net increase of the income per mu is-1137.79 yuan. The fertilizer production to input ratio for treatment 3 was 34.73: 1.
The application of the special compound fertilizer for the test industrial large ramie is proved to have better effect on improving the yield value and benefit of the industrial large ramie for the flower leaves.
5. Conclusions and suggestions
From the test results, the industrial hemp special compound fertilizer developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company is applied to the industrial hemp for mosaic on the high-fertility soil of the village and Commission in the major town of the male wall town of Master county, the biological properties of the industrial hemp can be obviously improved, the growth vigor and the growth phase are improved, and the plant height, the crown diameter, the stem circumference, the chlorophyll, the weight of single plant flowers and leaves, the weight of single plant stems and stalks and the like are obviously increased; can obviously improve the flower and leaf yield of industrial hemp and has obvious benefit of increasing both production and income. The yield increase of 82.13kg per mu by applying the nutrient self-prepared fertilizer such as the special compound fertilizer treatment ratio of the industrial hemp developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company is 13.79 percent, and the yield difference reaches an extremely obvious level. The net income increase per mu is 2001.83 yuan compared with the fertilization treatment habit of farmers.
From the analysis of test results, in the village of the major town houses of the male wall town of teachers and religious county, the industrial hemp for flowers and leaves is planted by local farmers, the fertilizer application level is still unscientific, the industrial hemp productivity level is still low, and the output value of the industrial hemp for flowers and leaves is influenced by unreasonable fertilizer application. Compared with self-prepared fertilizers with the same nutrients and fertilizing amount, the special industrial hemp compound fertilizer developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company has extremely remarkable yield increasing and income increasing effects, and shows that the special industrial hemp compound fertilizer has scientific raw material proportion and has better effects on promoting the yield increase of industrial hemp for flower leaves and promoting the absorption and utilization of the fertilizer.
Experiments prove that the industrial hemp for the flower leaves is applied to the special compound fertilizer for the industrial hemp developed by Yunnan Muyao agricultural science and technology limited company, has better yield increasing and income increasing effects, and can be widely demonstrated and applied to local high-fertility soil.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A fertilizer special for industrial hemp, which is characterized by comprising a fertilizer A used as a base fertilizer, a fertilizer B used for primary topdressing and a fertilizer C used for secondary topdressing, wherein,
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with poor fertility,
the formula of the fertilizer A is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 7.00-12.00-12.00 percent, total nutrient is 31.00 percent,
the formula of the fertilizer B is as follows: N-P2O5-K215.00 to 7.00 to 8.00 percent of O, 30.00 percent of total nutrient,
the formula of the fertilizer C is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 16.00-6.00-20.00 and total nutrient is 42.00%;
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with low fertility,
the formula of the fertilizer A is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 7.00-12.00-10.00 percent, total nutrient is 29.00 percent,
the formula of the fertilizer B is as follows: N-P2O5-K215.00 to 7.00 to 8.00 percent of O, 30.00 percent of total nutrient,
the formula of the fertilizer C is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 16.00 to 4.00 to 15.00 percent, and the total nutrient is 35.00 percent;
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with medium fertility,
the formula of the fertilizer A is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 7.00-13.00-5.00 percent, total nutrient is 25.00 percent,
the formula of the fertilizer B is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 13.00 to 7.00 percent, the total nutrient is 27.00 percent,
the formula of the fertilizer C is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 18.00-0.00-13.00 and the total nutrient is 31.00%;
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with high fertility,
the formula of the fertilizer A is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 8.00-10.00-7.00 percent, total nutrient is 25.00 percent,
the formula of the fertilizer B is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 13.00 to 4.00 to 8.00 percent, the total nutrient is 25.00 percent,
the formula of the fertilizer C is as follows: N-P2O5-K2O is 18.00-0.00-10.00 and total nutrient is 28.00%.
2. The preparation method of the industrial hemp special fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, raw material blending
When the fertilizer is used for the soil with poor fertility,
the fertilizer A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 261 parts of ammonium sulfate, 278 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 137 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 115 parts of potassium sulfate, 130 parts of potassium nitrate and 78 parts of filler;
the fertilizer B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 557 parts of ammonium sulfate, 43 parts of urea, 56 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 118 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 77 parts of potassium sulfate, 87 parts of potassium nitrate and 62 parts of filling material,
the fertilizer C comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 129 parts of ammonium sulfate, 261 parts of urea, 118 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 192 parts of potassium sulfate, 217 parts of potassium nitrate and 83 parts of filler;
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with low fertility,
the fertilizer A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 272 parts of ammonium sulfate, 333 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 118 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 96 parts of potassium sulfate, 109 parts of potassium nitrate and 72 parts of filling material,
the fertilizer B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 472 parts of ammonium sulfate, 87 parts of urea, 111 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 98 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 77 parts of potassium sulfate, 87 parts of potassium nitrate and 68 parts of filling material,
the fertilizer C comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 197 parts of ammonium sulfate, 239 parts of urea, 78 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 192 parts of potassium sulfate, 217 parts of potassium nitrate and 76 parts of filler;
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with medium fertility,
the fertilizer A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 282 parts of ammonium sulfate, 444 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 98 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 48 parts of potassium sulfate, 54 parts of potassium nitrate and 73 parts of filler,
the fertilizer B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 440 parts of ammonium sulfate, 65 parts of urea, 194 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 69 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 67 parts of potassium sulfate, 76 parts of potassium nitrate and 88 parts of filling material,
the fertilizer C comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 476 parts of ammonium sulfate, 174 parts of urea, 125 parts of potassium sulfate, 141 parts of potassium nitrate and 84 parts of filling materials;
when the fertilizer is used for the soil with high fertility,
the fertilizer A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 345 parts of ammonium sulfate, 361 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 69 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 67 parts of potassium sulfate, 76 parts of potassium nitrate and 82 parts of filling material,
the fertilizer B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 476 portions of ammonium sulfate, 65 portions of urea, 222 portions of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 77 portions of potassium sulfate, 87 portions of potassium nitrate and 72 portions of filling material,
the fertilizer C comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 571 parts of ammonium sulfate, 130 parts of urea, 96 parts of potassium sulfate, 109 parts of potassium nitrate and 93 parts of filler;
s2, mixing and stirring
The prepared raw materials in the S1 are stirred uniformly, so that the uniform fertilizer efficiency content of the whole fertilizer particles is improved;
s3, caking and crushing
The raw materials mixed and stirred uniformly in the S2 are agglomerated and crushed in large blocks, so that the subsequent granulation processing is facilitated;
s4, granulating the materials
Feeding the uniformly stirred and crushed material into a granulator for granulation;
s5, primary screening
Primarily screening the semi-finished product of the particles, and returning unqualified particles to a mixing and stirring link for reprocessing;
s6, drying the granules
The granules manufactured by the granulator and subjected to primary screening are sent into a dryer to dry the moisture contained in the granules, so that the strength of the granules is increased, and the granules are convenient to store;
s7, cooling the particles
Cooling by a cooler;
s8, secondary classification of particles
Grading the cooled particles, crushing unqualified particles, re-granulating, screening qualified products, and screening by using a secondary drum screening machine;
s9, quantitatively packaging finished product particles
And (4) feeding the screened fertilizer finished product particles into a storage bin, and then connecting an electronic quantitative packaging scale and a bag sewing machine to quantitatively package and seal bags.
3. The method for preparing fertilizer special for industrial hemp according to claim 1, wherein the filler is clay or talcum powder.
4. The method for preparing fertilizer special for industrial hemp according to claim 2, wherein in S2, a horizontal mixer or a disk mixer is used for mixing and stirring.
5. The method for preparing fertilizer special for industrial hemp according to claim 2, wherein in S3, a chain type pulverizer is used for pulverizing the large lumps of blocks.
6. The method for preparing fertilizer special for industrial hemp according to claim 2, wherein in S4, a rotary drum granulator, a double-roller extrusion granulator or a disc granulator is used for granulation.
7. The method for preparing fertilizer special for industrial hemp according to claim 2, wherein in S5, a drum screening machine is used for primary screening.
8. The method for preparing fertilizer special for industrial hemp according to claim 2, wherein in S6, a drum dryer is used for drying particles.
CN202110267255.4A 2021-03-11 2021-03-11 Special fertilizer for industrial hemp and preparation method thereof Pending CN112759465A (en)

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