CN112757212A - Rear axle assembly part installation tool and rear axle assembly installation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a rear axle assembly part-mounting tool and a rear axle assembly mounting method, wherein the rear axle assembly part-mounting tool comprises a base, and a supporting component, a fixing component, a motor positioning component and a speed reducer positioning component which are arranged on the base, wherein the supporting component is used for supporting a brake drum in a rear axle assembly, the fixing component can fix a steel plate spring in the rear axle assembly, a rear axle can be turned over relative to the brake drum, and the motor positioning component and the speed reducer positioning component can respectively support and position-adjust a motor and a speed reducer in the rear axle assembly. By adopting the structure, when the rear axle assembly is installed, all installation steps can be completed on the rear axle assembly part installation tool, all parts in the rear axle assembly can fall on the corresponding parts and be fixed, the rear axle can be overturned more conveniently, the problems of poor positioning precision, high labor intensity and the like are avoided, and the installation efficiency of the rear axle assembly is improved.

Description

Rear axle assembly part installation tool and rear axle assembly installation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobile manufacturing, in particular to a rear axle assembly part installation tool of an electric automobile and a rear axle assembly installation method.

Background

Electric automobile's rear axle assembly includes the rear axle, leaf spring and motor etc, among the prior art, electric automobile rear axle assembly installation is generally accomplished through assembly line work, it goes on to divide into three station with total assembly process, the station carries out rear axle assembly and goes up frock, leaf spring's clamping and installation, No. two stations carry out the upset of rear axle and leaf spring, No. three stations carry out the installation of motor and the rear axle assembly rolls off the production line, whole process operation personnel are more, and the equipment that needs is more, it is big to occupy the place, efficiency is lower.

Therefore, how to improve the assembly efficiency of the rear axle assembly installation is a problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to improve the assembly efficiency of the rear axle assembly installation.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a rear axle assembly part assembling tool which comprises a base, and a supporting component, a fixing component, a motor positioning component and a speed reducer positioning component which are arranged on the base, wherein the supporting component is used for supporting a brake drum in a rear axle assembly, the fixing component can fix a steel plate spring in the rear axle assembly, a rear axle can turn over relative to the brake drum, and the motor positioning component and the speed reducer positioning component can respectively support and position adjust a motor and a speed reducer in the rear axle assembly.

By adopting the structure, when the rear axle assembly is installed, all installation steps can be completed on the rear axle assembly part installation tool, all parts in the rear axle assembly can fall on the corresponding parts and be fixed, the rear axle can be overturned more conveniently, the problems of poor positioning precision, high labor intensity and the like are avoided, and the installation efficiency of the rear axle assembly is improved.

Optionally, the fixing member comprises four clamps, one clamp for clamping one end of the leaf spring.

Optionally, the clamp comprises a clamp limiting plate and a clamp body, and the clamp limiting plate and the clamp body can be matched with each other to clamp the end of the steel plate spring; the clamp limiting plate and the clamp body can release the end part of the steel plate spring when being opened.

Optionally, the support member comprises two brackets, the brake drum being supported on the brackets.

Optionally, the support comprises two oppositely arranged support seats, and the support surfaces of the two opposite support seats are inclined surfaces.

Optionally, the speed reducer positioning component comprises a first positioning support and a second positioning support, the first positioning support and the second positioning support are arranged in the middle of the base relatively, and the speed reducer is positioned in the first positioning support and the second positioning support respectively before and after being overturned.

Optionally, the motor positioning component includes a roller support, and the roller support is disposed in the middle of the base; the roller support comprises a roller support limiting plate and a plurality of rollers, and the motor can roll on the rollers to be aligned with the speed reducer for installation.

Optionally, the motor positioning component further comprises an air cylinder, and the roller support can be lifted and lowered through the air cylinder.

Optionally, the first positioning bracket, the second positioning bracket and the roller support are all provided with a slider sliding table mechanism, and the first positioning bracket, the second positioning bracket and the roller support can horizontally move through the slider sliding table mechanism.

The invention also provides a method for installing the rear axle assembly, which installs the rear axle assembly through the rear axle assembly part installation tool and comprises the following steps:

after the rear axle assembly part assembling tool is arranged, the brake drum of the rear axle assembly is placed on the supporting component, and the speed reducer is placed on the first positioning support;

positioning pins of the steel plate springs are aligned with the rear axle assembly, the steel plate springs are preliminarily positioned, two ends of the two steel plate springs are respectively clamped and fixed by four clamps, and the steel plate springs are fixed on the rear axle assembly through plate spring bolts;

loosening the clamp, rotating the steel plate spring for half a circle along the axis of the rear axle assembly, dropping the speed reducer on a second positioning bracket, and clamping two ends of the steel plate spring by using the clamp;

fall on the gyro wheel support with the motor, remove through set up in the slider slip table and the cylinder of gyro wheel support the motor to through the gyro wheel adjustment the installation angle of motor makes the spline groove of motor with the gear shaft of reduction gear is counterpointed, will the motor with the reduction gear assembly targets in place, tightens the bolt of motor, rear axle assembly portion dress finishes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a rear axle assembly partial tooling of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the motor positioning member of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixing member of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the support member of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a positioning member of the retarder of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the rear axle assembly of FIG. 1, shown in use, prior to the rear axle assembly being inverted;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the rear axle assembly of FIG. 1 during a rear axle assembly rollover procedure in use;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the rear axle assembly of FIG. 1 after the rear axle assembly is turned over when the rear axle assembly is used.

The reference numerals in fig. 1-8 are illustrated as follows:

0 base, 1 supporting component, 11 supports, 111 supporting seats, 2 fixed parts, 21 clamps, 211 clamp limiting plates, 212 clamp bodies, 3 motor positioning components, 31 roller supports, 311 roller support limiting plates, 312 rollers, 32 cylinders, 33 sliding block sliding table mechanisms, 4 reducer positioning components, 41 first positioning supports, 42 second positioning supports, 5 brake drums, 6 steel plate springs, 7 rear axles, 8 motors and 9 reducers.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-5, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rear axle assembly part mounting tool provided in the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the motor positioning member; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixing member; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the support member; fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a speed reducer positioning member.

The invention provides a rear axle assembly part assembling tool which comprises a base 0, a supporting component 1, a fixing component 2, a motor positioning component 3 and a speed reducer positioning component 4, wherein the supporting component 1, the fixing component 2, the motor positioning component 3 and the speed reducer positioning component 4 are arranged on the base 0, the supporting component 1 is used for supporting a brake drum 5 in a rear axle assembly, the fixing component 2 can fix a steel plate spring 6 in the rear axle assembly, a rear axle 7 can turn over relative to the brake drum 5, and the motor positioning component 3 and the speed reducer positioning component 4 can respectively support and position adjust a motor 8 and a speed reducer 9 in the rear axle assembly.

In addition, as shown in fig. 6-8, fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the rear axle assembly of fig. 1 before the rear axle assembly is turned over when the rear axle assembly is used; FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the rear axle assembly of FIG. 1 during a rear axle assembly rollover procedure in use; FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the rear axle assembly of FIG. 1 after the rear axle assembly is turned over when the rear axle assembly is used.

Because the brake drums 5 at the two ends are respectively supported on the corresponding supporting parts 1, and the bearings are arranged between the rear axle 7 and the brake drums 5, the brake drums can flexibly rotate, after the steel plate spring 6 and the rear axle 7 are fixed, the steel plate spring 6 is stirred, the rear axle 7 can be overturned relative to the brake drums 5, so that the overturning of the rear axle 7 is completed, and the installation of the motor 8 can be carried out after the overturning.

It can be seen that with the adoption of the structure, when the rear axle assembly is installed, all installation steps can be carried out on the rear axle assembly part tool, the assembly line installation in the prior art is integrated on one tool, all parts in the rear axle assembly can fall on the corresponding parts and are fixed, the turnover of the rear axle 7 is more convenient, the problems of poor positioning precision, high labor intensity and the like are avoided, and the installation efficiency of the rear axle assembly is improved.

As shown in fig. 3, the fixing component 2 includes four clamps 21, one clamp 21 can clamp one end of the leaf spring 6, and when the fixing component is installed, the four clamps 21 can respectively clamp two ends of the two leaf springs 6 to fix the leaf spring 6 on the rear axle 7 in the rear axle assembly, so as to facilitate the installation of the leaf spring 6. It can be understood that four clamps 21 need to be disposed on the base 0, and the positions of the four clamps 21 need to correspond to the four ends of the two leaf springs 6, so long as the four clamps 21 are disposed to position the two leaf springs 6, no matter what shape of the base is. The base 0 of the present embodiment is a substantially rectangular frame structure, and four corners of the top of the base 0 are respectively provided with a clamp 21.

Further, the clamp 21 includes a clamp limiting plate 211 and a clamp body 212, please refer to fig. 3, the clamp limiting plate 211 and the clamp body 212 can cooperate with each other, the end of the leaf spring 6 can be clamped therebetween, the clamp 21 in fig. 3 includes a handle, the handle can be rotated to clamp the end of the leaf spring 6, and the handle can be rotated reversely to release the end of the leaf spring 6.

The purpose that sets up like this is in leaf spring 6 installation completion back, the upset operation of rear axle assembly after convenient, and the staff only needs loosen anchor clamps 21 to leaf spring 6 tight, winds leaf spring 6 around 7 upset semi-cycles of rear axle, and the corresponding anchor clamps 21 of rethread presss from both sides tight leaf spring 6, can realize the fixed of leaf spring 6 after the upset.

The supporting member 1 includes two brackets 11, and the two brackets 11 are respectively disposed on two sides of the base 0. The two brackets 11 are used for supporting the two brake drums 5 at the two ends of the rear axle 7, referring to fig. 4, the brackets 11 specifically include two opposite supporting seats 111, the opposite supporting surfaces of the two supporting seats 111 are upward inclined surfaces, and the inclination directions of the two inclined surfaces are opposite. During installation, the brake drums 5 on two sides of the rear axle assembly respectively fall on the supports 11 on two sides of the base 0 and are supported on the two inclined planes, and the two inclined planes have the function of guiding the brake drums 5 to fall while supporting, so that the brake drums 5 are prevented from deviating from the supports 11. Because the brake drum 5 and the rear axle 7 are connected through a bearing, the brake drum 5 has heavy weight, the bracket 11 is arranged to be easily kept at a supporting position, and the rear axle 7 is easily overturned after being subjected to overturning force.

It should be noted that the bracket 11 including two oppositely disposed supporting seats 111 is only one structure adopted in the present embodiment, and in practical applications, the bracket 11 may also adopt other structures as long as it can support the brake drum 5, and the brake drum 5 can be kept fixed without external force, for example, two supporting seats 111 are combined into a supporting structure with a groove in the middle.

With continued reference to fig. 5, 6, and 8, the speed reducer positioning component 4 includes a first positioning bracket 41 and a second positioning bracket 42, the first positioning bracket 41 and the second positioning bracket 42 are relatively disposed in the middle of the base 0, the speed reducer 9 can fall on the first positioning bracket 41 before the rear axle assembly is not turned over, and can fall on the second positioning bracket 42 after the rear axle assembly is turned over, that is, the first positioning bracket 41 and the second positioning bracket 42 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the turning axis of the rear axle assembly.

Moreover, reduction gear positioning element 4 still includes with the slider slip table mechanism 33 with first locating support 41 and the cooperation of second locating support 42 respectively, slider slip table mechanism 33 includes slider and slip table, and first locating support 41 and second locating support 42 are fixed on the slider that corresponds, and the slider can follow the track displacement of slip table to drive the first locating support 41 and the second locating support 42 that correspond and move along the slip table. The track level setting of slip table, but the line of two supports of concrete perpendicular to, perpendicular to rear axle 7 promptly for after reduction gear 9 falls the position and accomplishes, so that reduction gear 9 is close to or keeps away from rear axle 7, continues to carry out position adjustment to reduction gear 9, improves the positioning accuracy in the installation, and it assembles the rear axle assembly more accurately to be convenient for.

As shown in fig. 2, the motor positioning component 3 includes a roller support 31, the roller support 31 is disposed in the middle of the base 0, after the rear axle assembly is turned over, the motor 8 is located on the roller support 31, and the roller support 31 can assist in positioning and mounting the motor 8.

The roller support 31 includes a roller support limiting plate 311 and a plurality of rollers 312, the motor 8 is supported on the rollers 312 after being located on the roller support 31, and can roll through the rollers 312, and the position of the motor 8 is adjusted to be aligned with the speed reducer 9, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the roller support 31 includes four rollers 312 respectively disposed at four corners of the upper end surface of the roller support 31, after the motor 8 is located, the lower end of the motor 8 does not contact the upper end surface of the roller support 31, so as to reduce friction when the motor 8 rolls; the roller bearing limiting plate 311 can prevent the motor 8 from dropping off from the axial direction during rolling.

Further, the motor positioning component 3 further includes an air cylinder 32, the roller support 31 can be lifted up and down by the air cylinder 32, and the roller support 31 is also provided with a slider sliding table mechanism 33, so that the roller support 31 can move in the horizontal direction, the slider sliding table mechanism 33 in fig. 2 is a two-stage slider sliding table mechanism, which can realize translation in two directions, the connection line direction of the two supports can be defined as a first direction, i.e. the length direction of the rear axle 7, and the direction perpendicular to the first direction is a second direction, the roller support 31 can move in the first and second directions, and can be lifted and lowered, so that the motor 8 can freely move within the range of the roller support 31 under the cooperation of the air cylinder 32 and the slider sliding table mechanism 33, and is easily aligned with the speed reducer 9, thereby facilitating the installation of the motor 8.

The invention also provides a method for installing the rear axle assembly, wherein the rear axle assembly is installed through the rear axle assembly part installation tool, the rear axle assembly part installation tool is the rear axle assembly part installation tool described above, and the rear axle assembly part installation tool used in the method for installing the rear axle assembly also has the same technical effect as the rear axle assembly part installation tool has the technical effect described above, so that the details are not repeated herein.

The mounting method of the rear axle assembly comprises the following mounting steps:

after the rear axle assembly part assembling tool is arranged, two brake drums 5 of the rear axle assembly are respectively arranged on two supports 11 in the supporting part 1, the speed reducer 9 is arranged on a first positioning support 41, the position of the speed reducer 9 is adjusted through a slide block sliding table mechanism 33 arranged on the first positioning support 41, and the speed reducer 9 is arranged on the rear axle 7;

the positioning pin of the steel plate spring 6 is aligned with the corresponding position of the rear axle assembly to be placed, the steel plate spring 6 is preliminarily positioned through the clamps 21 at the two ends, the clamp limiting plate 211 and the clamp body 212 clamp one end of the corresponding steel plate spring 6, so that the steel plate spring 6 and the rear axle assembly are relatively fixed, and the steel plate spring 6 is fixed on the rear axle assembly through the plate spring bolt;

loosening the clamp 21, rotating the steel plate spring 6 for half a circle (namely, turning 180 degrees) along the axis of the rear axle assembly, rotating the rear axle assembly fixed with the steel plate spring 6 for half a circle, dropping the speed reducer 9 on a second positioning bracket 42 arranged at the other end of the rear axle 7, and clamping the turned steel plate spring 6 through the clamp 21 so as to integrally fix the rear axle assembly on the base 0;

the motor 8 is located on the roller support 31, the position of the motor 8 is adjusted through the cylinder 32 and the sliding block sliding table mechanism 33, the motor 8 is rotated through the roller 312 on the roller support 31, the spline groove of the motor 8 is opposite to the gear shaft of the speed reducer 9, the motor 8 and the speed reducer 9 are assembled in place, the bolt of the motor 8 is tightened, and the rear axle assembly is completely assembled.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a rear axle assembly portion dress frock which characterized in that: including base (0), and locate support component (1), fixed part (2), motor positioning component (3) and reduction gear positioning component (4) of base (0), support component (1) is arranged in supporting brake drum (5) in the rear axle assembly, fixed part (2) can be fixed leaf spring (6) in the rear axle assembly, rear axle (7) can be relative brake drum (5) upset, motor positioning component (3) reduction gear positioning component (4) can be respectively right motor (8) and reduction gear (9) in the rear axle assembly support and position adjustment.

2. The rear axle assembly part dress of claim 1, characterized in that: the fixing part (2) comprises four clamps (21), and one clamp (21) is used for clamping one end of the steel plate spring (6).

3. The rear axle assembly part dress of claim 2, characterized in that: the clamp (21) comprises a clamp limiting plate (211) and a clamp body (212), and the clamp limiting plate (211) and the clamp body (212) can be matched to clamp the end part of the steel plate spring (6);

the end portion of the leaf spring (6) can be released when the clamp limiting plate (211) and the clamp body (212) are opened.

4. The rear axle assembly part dress of claim 1, characterized in that: the support part (1) comprises two brackets (11), and the brake drum (5) is supported on the brackets (11).

5. The rear axle assembly part dress of claim 4, characterized in that: the support (11) comprises two opposite supporting seats (111), and the supporting surfaces of the two opposite supporting seats (111) are inclined surfaces.

6. The rear axle assembly part dress of claim 1, characterized in that: reduction gear locating part (4) include first locating support (41) and second locating support (42), first locating support (41) with second locating support (42) set up relatively in the middle part of base (0), reduction gear (9) are positioned respectively around the upset first locating support (41), second locating support (42).

7. The rear axle assembly part dress of claim 6, characterized in that: the motor positioning component (3) comprises a roller support (31), and the roller support (31) is arranged in the middle of the base (0);

the roller bearing (31) comprises a roller bearing limiting plate (311) and a plurality of rollers (312), and the motor (8) can roll on the rollers (312) to be installed in alignment with the speed reducer (9).

8. The rear axle assembly part dress of claim 7, characterized in that: the motor positioning component (3) further comprises an air cylinder (32), and the roller support (31) can lift through the air cylinder (32).

9. The rear axle assembly part dress of claim 8, characterized in that: first locating support (41), second locating support (42) with gyro wheel support (31) all are equipped with slider slip table mechanism (33), first locating support (41) second locating support (42) with gyro wheel support (31) all can carry out horizontal migration through slider slip table mechanism (33).

10. A method for mounting a rear axle assembly is characterized in that: the rear axle assembly is installed through a rear axle assembly part installation tool, the rear axle assembly part installation tool is the rear axle assembly part installation tool of any one of claims 1 to 9, and the installation steps are as follows:

after the rear axle assembly part assembling tool is arranged, the brake drum (5) of the rear axle assembly is placed on the supporting part (1), and the speed reducer (9) is placed on the first positioning support (41);

positioning pins of the leaf springs (6) are aligned with the rear axle assembly, the leaf springs (6) are preliminarily positioned, two ends of the two leaf springs (6) are respectively clamped and fixed by four clamps (21), and the leaf springs (6) are fixed on the rear axle assembly through leaf spring bolts;

loosening the clamp (21), rotating the steel plate spring (6) for half a circle along the axis of the rear axle assembly, dropping the speed reducer (9) on a second positioning bracket (42), and clamping two ends of the steel plate spring (6) by the clamp (21);

fall on motor (8) in gyro wheel support (31), through set up in slider slip table and cylinder (32) of gyro wheel support (31) remove motor (8) to adjust through gyro wheel (312) the installation angle of motor (8) makes the spline groove of motor (8) with the gear shaft of reduction gear (9) is counterpointed, will motor (8) with reduction gear (9) assemble in place, tighten the bolt of motor (8), rear axle assembly portion dress finishes.

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