CN112757143B - Replaceable air bag polishing device for inner raceway of bearing outer ring - Google Patents
Replaceable air bag polishing device for inner raceway of bearing outer ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN112757143B CN112757143B CN202011617220.0A CN202011617220A CN112757143B CN 112757143 B CN112757143 B CN 112757143B CN 202011617220 A CN202011617220 A CN 202011617220A CN 112757143 B CN112757143 B CN 112757143B
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- air bag
- memory alloy
- main shaft
- bag polishing
- outer ring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
- B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
- B24B29/04—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces for rotationally symmetrical workpieces, e.g. ball-, cylinder- or cone-shaped workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
Abstract
The invention relates to a replaceable air bag polishing device for a raceway in a bearing outer ring, wherein the front end of a main shaft is connected with a servo motor, the tail end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with an air bag polishing head through a hydraulic expansion sleeve, a rubber ring is arranged on a metal base in the air bag polishing head, the inner side of the rubber ring is communicated with an air chamber in the metal base to form an air bag rubber ring, a nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet is adhered to the inner wall of the air bag rubber ring, and a sheet pressure sensor and a heating resistance wire are adhered to the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet; the air bag rubber ring is communicated with an air inlet on the main shaft box body through a communicating hole on the air chamber of the metal base through a shaft end connector and a through hole in the main shaft, and the metal base is fixed on the shaft end connector through a compression nut to form a modularized replaceable air bag polishing head. The polishing device can enable the air bag polishing head to be effectively attached to the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring in the inflation and power-on states, can realize independent control of polishing parameters, and finally improves the processing profile precision and the process flexibility of the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a polishing device, in particular to an air bag polishing device for an inner raceway of a bearing outer ring.
Background
The air bag polishing is a novel polishing technology which is jointly provided by professor D.D.WALKER and optical laboratories of London, england in 20 th century and 90 th years, the air bag is adopted as a polishing tool in the technology, the air bag rotates along with a main shaft in the polishing process, and the purpose of polishing the surface of a workpiece is achieved under the action of polishing liquid.
The bearing is used as an important part in mechanical equipment, the working surface of the bearing mainly comprises a rolling body surface, an inner ring outer raceway surface and an outer ring inner raceway surface, and according to statistical data, the failure of the outer ring is more common due to the influence factors such as lower surface machining quality and the like. The polishing evaluation standard of the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring mainly comprises the following steps: the profile precision, the surface roughness and the processing consistency, at present, the common polishing method of the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring cannot realize one procedure and simultaneously meets the evaluation standards. In view of this technical bottleneck, it is necessary to design a polishing apparatus that can satisfy profile accuracy, surface roughness, and processing uniformity at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the limitation of the existing bearing outer ring inner raceway polishing technology and provides a replaceable air bag polishing device for a bearing outer ring inner raceway.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a replaceable air bag polishing device for a roller path in a bearing outer ring comprises a main shaft, a main shaft box body and a servo motor, wherein the main shaft is installed in the main shaft box body through a bearing, the front end of the main shaft is connected with the servo motor, the tail end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with an air bag polishing head through a hydraulic expansion sleeve, the air bag polishing head comprises a shaft end connector, a metal base and a rubber ring, the middle of the outer cylinder of the metal base is provided with the rubber ring which protrudes outwards and is in an arc shape, the inner side of the rubber ring is communicated with an air chamber in the metal base to form the air bag rubber ring, a nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet is pasted on the inner wall of the air bag rubber ring, and a sheet pressure sensor and a heating resistance wire are pasted on the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet; the air bag rubber ring is communicated with an air inlet on the main shaft box body through a communicating hole on the air chamber of the metal base through a shaft end connector and a through hole in the main shaft, and the metal base is fixed on the shaft end connector through a compression nut to form the modularized replaceable air bag polishing head.
Further, a stainless steel reinforcing layer is arranged inside the rubber ring.
Furthermore, the heated resistance wire is connected with an external power supply and an external control system, and joule heat is generated after current is applied, so that the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet drives the air bag polishing head to expand outwards under the action of thermal driving restoring force.
Further, the sheet pressure sensors are pasted on the surface of the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet in an array mode, the sheet pressure sensors transmit voltage signals to an external control system, the external control system displays the voltage signals to judge the contact condition of the rubber ring and a raceway in the outer ring of the bearing, the voltage signals transmitted by the control system are received, and the internal current and the electrifying time of the heating resistance wire are adjusted in real time to change the heat flow density of the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet.
Further, the heating resistance wire calculates the heating value through the current size and the electrifying time, and calculates the temperature change value of the heating resistance wire according to the weight and the specific heat capacity of the heating resistance wire, and according to the formula: q = I 2 ·R·t、ΔT＝ΔQ/(m·c)、
The mathematical model can control the restoring force of the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet, wherein Q represents the heat of the resistance wire, I represents the passing current, R represents the density of the resistance wire, t represents the electrifying time, m represents the mass of the resistance wire, C represents the specific heat capacity of the resistance wire, and C represents the specific heat capacity of the resistance wire A Expressing the transformation coefficient of temperature and stress of the memory alloy, E expressing the martensite fraction of the memory alloy, E U The elastic modulus of the memory alloy is shown.
Furthermore, the main shaft is fixed in the middle of the main shaft box body through paired bearings, the top of the main shaft box body is fixedly connected with a pneumatic quick connector through threads, the pneumatic quick connector is communicated with the inside of the main shaft box body, end covers are respectively arranged on two inner sides of the main shaft box body, the two end covers are matched with a movable sealing ring and a static sealing ring to form a sealed bearing chamber in the main shaft box body, and the servo motor is connected with the main shaft through a coupler.
Furthermore, the dust cover is fixedly connected to the right side of the spindle box body, and the spindle box body and the servo motor are fixed above the optical platform through the bearing support, the locking hoop and the motor rib plate.
A polishing method for a replaceable air bag polishing device of an inner raceway of a bearing outer ring comprises the steps of firstly, extending an air bag polishing head into the bearing outer ring and enabling the air bag polishing head to be close to the inner raceway, then inflating the air bag polishing head and electrifying a heating resistance wire, enabling the air bag polishing head to expand outwards under the double actions of internal air pressure and a nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet which is deformed by heating and generates restoring force and to be effectively attached to the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring, obtaining pressure distribution conditions through a sheet pressure sensor attached to the inner surface of the air bag polishing head, adjusting inflation pressure and electrifying current according to actual conditions, controlling deformation of the air bag polishing head, finally starting a rotation motor and a servo motor which are equipped with an external clamp of a bearing to be polished, driving the air bag polishing head to rotate through a main shaft to form relative motion between the air bag polishing head and the rotation of the bearing to be polished, and polishing the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring under the action of polishing liquid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the hydraulic expansion sleeve is used as a connecting piece of the air bag polishing head and the main shaft, so that the air bag is convenient to assemble and disassemble; according to the invention, the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet is adhered to the air bag polishing head, current is applied to two ends of the heating resistance wire on the surface of the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet before polishing, the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet is heated by Joule effect, and the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet is gradually heated to the phase transition temperature under the action of external heat and expands outwards to generate restoring force; according to the invention, the stainless steel reinforcing layer is added in the air bag polishing head, and the stainless steel reinforcing layer and the air bag polishing head together assist the air bag polishing head to better fit the surface of the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring, so that the problems of concave and uneven pressure distribution in a contact area in the air bag polishing process are solved; according to the invention, the sheet pressure sensor is pasted on the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet, and the contact condition of the air bag polishing head and the processed surface is judged through the pressure signal displayed by the external system, so that the internal current of the heating resistance wire can be adjusted in real time according to the actual condition to control the surface temperature of the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet, and the purpose of controlling the restoring force is finally achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of an air bag polishing head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-air bag polishing head, 1-1-shaft end connector, 1-2-metal base, 1-3-rubber ring, 1-4-stainless steel reinforcing layer, 1-5-nickel titanium memory alloy sheet, 1-6-heating resistance wire, 1-7-sheet pressure sensor and 1-8-compression nut; 2-hydraulic expansion sleeve; 3-a dust cover; 4-left end cap; 5-moving a sealing ring; 6-static sealing ring; 7-a main shaft; 8-a bearing; 9-main shaft box body; 10-pneumatic quick connector; 11-a coupling; 12-right end cap; 13-a load-bearing support; 14-locking the anchor ear; 15-a servo motor; 16-motor ribs; 17-optical bench.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the embodiment, the replaceable airbag polishing device for the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring of the invention mainly comprises an airbag polishing head 1, a hydraulic expansion sleeve 2, a dust cover 3, a left end cover 4, a dynamic seal ring 5, a static seal ring 6, a spindle 7, a bearing 8, a spindle box body 9, a pneumatic quick connector 10, a coupler 11, a right end cover 12, a bearing support 13, a locking hoop 14, a servo motor 15, a motor rib plate 16 and an optical platform 17. An air bag polishing head 1 is fixed at the tail end of a main shaft 7 through a hydraulic expansion sleeve 2, the main shaft 7 is fixed in the middle of a main shaft box body 9 through a paired bearing 8, a pneumatic quick connector 10 is fixed at the top of the main shaft box body 9 through threads and is communicated with the inside of the main shaft box body 9, end covers 4 and 12 on the left side and the right side are fixedly connected with the main shaft box body 9 through bolts and are matched with dynamic and static sealing rings 5 and 6 to form a sealed bearing chamber in the main shaft box body 9, and a servo motor 15 is connected with the main shaft 7 through a coupler 11; the dust cover 3 is fixed on the right side of the spindle box body 9 through bolts, and the spindle box body 9 and the servo motor 15 are fixed above the optical platform 17 through bolts through a bearing support 13, a locking hoop 14 and a motor rib plate 16.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a polishing head configuration. The air bag polishing head 1 is provided with a shaft end connector 1-1, a metal base 1-2, a rubber ring 1-3, a stainless steel reinforcing layer 1-4, a nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet 1-5, a heating resistance wire 1-6, a sheet pressure sensor 1-7 and a compression nut 1-8, wherein the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet 1-5 is adhered to the inner wall of the rubber ring, the heating resistance wire 1-6 and the sheet pressure sensor 1-7 are adhered to the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet 1-5, the stainless steel reinforcing layer 1-4 is fixed inside the rubber ring 1-3 when the mold is opened, the rubber ring 1-3 is adhered to the metal base 1, and the metal base 1-2 is fixed on the shaft end connector 1-1 through the compression nut 1-8 through threads to form the modularized replaceable air bag polishing head.
The sheet pressure sensors 1-7 in the air bag polishing head 1 are adhered to the inner walls of the rubber rings 1-3 in an array form from three different directions, so that the accuracy of a pressure feedback value is ensured, when the rubber rings 1-3 are in contact with a roller way in a bearing outer ring, the sheet pressure sensors 1-7 are slightly deformed, and then a pressure value is fed back to an external system, so that the sheet pressure sensors can be used for tool setting and calculating the pressing amount in the processing process, and the passing current and the inflation pressure of a heating resistance wire can be adjusted in real time according to the fed back pressure data in the polishing process; the rubber ring 1-3 is in a circular arc shape with the same curvature as the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring, and the stainless steel reinforced layer 1-4 with the same curvature as the rubber ring 1-3 is fixed inside the rubber ring 1-3 when the mold is opened. In the polishing process, gas reaches the inside of the air bag head through the end part of the shaft end connector 1-1 and a small hole in the middle of the metal base 1-2, the rubber ring 1-3 is in contact with a roller way in the outer ring of the bearing under the action of internal air pressure, and the inward concave problem is prevented under the combined action of the stainless steel reinforcing layer 1-4 and the nickel-titanium memory alloy thin sheet 1-5 which is heated and expanded outwards.
When the device works, firstly, the air bag polishing head 1 extends into the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring, the surface of the air bag polishing head 1 is close to one side of the inner circumference of the bearing, then an external power supply is turned on to apply current to the heating resistance wires 1-6, so that the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheets 1-5 generate restoring force in a short time and expand outwards under the action of joule effect, then the air bag polishing head 1 is inflated, and under the double action of the restoring force generated by heating the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheets 1-5 and the inflation pressure, the rubber rings 1-3 slightly expand outwards and are in contact with the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring; after triggering, the sheet pressure sensor 1-7 transmits a voltage signal to an external control system, the contact condition of the rubber ring 1-3 and a roller path in the bearing outer ring is judged through the displayed voltage signal, and the current and the electrifying time in the heating resistance wire 1-6 are adjusted in real time based on the voltage signal transmitted by the control system to change the heat flow density of the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet 1-5, so that the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet is obtained according to the condition that (Q = I) 2 ·R·t、ΔT＝ΔQ/(m·c)、
The mathematical model achieves the purpose of controlling the restoring force of the nickel-titanium memory alloy thin sheet 1-5. In the formula, Q represents the heat of the resistance wire, I represents the passing current, R represents the density of the resistance wire, t represents the electrifying time, m represents the mass of the resistance wire, C represents the specific heat capacity of the resistance wire, and C represents the specific heat capacity of the resistance wire A Expressing the transformation coefficient of temperature and stress of the memory alloy, E expressing the martensite fraction of the memory alloy, E U The elastic modulus of the memory alloy is shown, and for the TiNi memory alloy adopted by the invention, 0.32N restoring force from a nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet can be obtained after the resistance wire is electrified for 5s, so that the air bag polishing head 1 is helped to better fit a workpiece; in addition, under the combined action of the inner stainless steel reinforced layers 1-4 and the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheets 1-5, the inward concave phenomenon of the rubber ring can be prevented, and the pressure of each point of a contact area is ensured to be in Gaussian-like distribution; and finally, starting a rotation motor and a servo motor 15 which are equipped on an external clamp of the bearing to be polished, driving the air bag polishing head 1 to rotate through the spindle 7 to form relative motion with the rotation of the bearing to be polished, and polishing the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring under the action of polishing liquid.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a but substitution gasbag burnishing device for bearing inner race inner raceway, includes main shaft, main shaft box, servo motor, the main shaft passes through the bearing and installs in the main shaft box, servo motor, its characterized in that are connected to the main shaft front end: the tail end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with an air bag polishing head through a hydraulic expansion sleeve, the air bag polishing head comprises a shaft end connector, a metal base and a rubber ring, the middle of the outer cylinder of the metal base is provided with the rubber ring which protrudes outwards and is in a circular arc shape, the inner side of the rubber ring is communicated with an air chamber in the metal base to form the air bag rubber ring, the inner wall of the air bag rubber ring is adhered with a nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet, and the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet is adhered with a sheet pressure sensor and a heating resistance wire; the air bag rubber ring is communicated with an air inlet on the main shaft box body through a communicating hole on the air chamber of the metal base through a shaft end connector and a through hole in the main shaft, and the metal base is fixed on the shaft end connector through a compression nut to form a modularized replaceable air bag polishing head.
2. The replaceable air bag polishing device for the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a stainless steel reinforcing layer is arranged inside the rubber ring.
3. The replaceable air bag polishing device for the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heated resistance wire is connected with an external power supply and an external control system, and joule heat is generated after current is applied, so that the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet drives the air bag polishing head to expand outwards under the action of the thermal driving restoring force.
4. The alternative bladder burnishing apparatus for a bearing outer race inner raceway of claim 3, wherein: the sheet pressure sensors are pasted on the surface of the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet in an array mode, the sheet pressure sensors transmit voltage signals to an external control system, the external control system displays the voltage signals to judge the contact condition of the rubber ring and a raceway in the outer ring of the bearing, receives the voltage signals transmitted by the control system, and adjusts the internal current and the electrifying time of the heating resistance wire in real time to change the heat flow density of the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet.
5. The replaceable air bag polishing device for the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring according to claim 4, characterized in that: the heating resistance wire calculates the heating capacity through the current size and the power-on time, calculates the temperature change value of the heating resistance wire according to the weight and the specific heat capacity of the heating resistance wire, and calculates the temperature change value of the heating resistance wire according to a formula: q = I 2 ·R·t、ΔT＝ΔQ/(m·c)、
The mathematical model of (1) can control the restoring force of the nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet, wherein Q represents the heat of the resistance wire, I represents the passing current, R represents the density of the resistance wire, and t represents the electrifying timeM represents the mass of the resistance wire, C represents the specific heat capacity of the resistance wire, C A Expressing the transformation coefficient of temperature and stress of the memory alloy, E expressing the martensite fraction of the memory alloy, E U Expressing the elastic modulus, σ, of the memory alloy r Expressing the restoring force of the thin nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet, T expressing the temperature of the nickel-titanium memory alloy, A s Showing the inverse martensitic transformation temperature point of the nickel titanium memory alloy.
6. The replaceable air bag polishing device for the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spindle is fixed in the middle of the spindle box body through paired bearings, the top of the spindle box body is fixedly connected with a pneumatic quick connector through threads, the pneumatic quick connector is communicated with the inside of the spindle box body, end covers are respectively arranged on two inner sides of the spindle box body, a movable sealing ring and a static sealing ring are matched with the two end covers to form a sealed bearing chamber in the spindle box body, and the servo motor is connected with the spindle through a coupler.
7. The replaceable air bag polishing device for the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: the right side of the spindle box body is fixedly connected with a dust cover, and the spindle box body and the servo motor are fixed above the optical platform through the bearing support, the locking hoop and the motor rib plate.
8. A polishing method using the alternative air bag polishing device for the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: firstly, an air bag polishing head extends into a bearing outer ring and is close to an inner raceway, then the air bag polishing head is inflated and is electrified to a heating resistance wire, the air bag polishing head expands outwards under the double action of internal air pressure and a nickel-titanium memory alloy sheet which generates restoring force by thermal deformation and is effectively attached to the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring, the pressure distribution condition can be obtained through a sheet pressure sensor attached to the inner surface of the air bag polishing head, accordingly, the inflation pressure and the electrified current can be adjusted according to the actual condition, the deformation of the air bag polishing head is controlled, finally, a rotation motor and a servo motor which are equipped with an external clamp of the bearing to be polished are started, the air bag polishing head is driven to rotate through a main shaft, relative motion between the air bag polishing head and the rotation of the bearing to be polished is formed, and the inner raceway of the bearing outer ring is polished under the action of polishing liquid.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011617220.0A CN112757143B (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Replaceable air bag polishing device for inner raceway of bearing outer ring |
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| CN202011617220.0A CN112757143B (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Replaceable air bag polishing device for inner raceway of bearing outer ring |
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| CN112757143A CN112757143A (en) | 2021-05-07 |
| CN112757143B true CN112757143B (en) | 2022-11-25 |
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| CN117300749B (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-02-23 | 烟台大学 | Mechanical polishing device and method for inner cavity of thin-wall titanium alloy component |
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| US6206768B1 (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 2001-03-27 | Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing, Ltd. | Adjustable and extended guide rings |
| JP2004050325A (en) * | 2002-07-18 | 2004-02-19 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | Polishing rubber sleeve |
| CN102975106B (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2015-03-11 | 厦门大学 | Precision airbag polishing tool system |
| CN103317424B (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2016-04-13 | 厦门大学 | A kind of flexible polishing head |
| CN103465131A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2013-12-25 | 北京理工大学 | Wheeled gasbag polishing device with dual degrees of freedom and pressure continously adjustable |
| CN108188912B (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2020-02-18 | 广东省智能制造研究所 | Air bag auxiliary type force control polishing system |
| CN108838805B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-11-13 | 安徽智时代科技有限公司 | Bearing ball grinding device |
| CN109676507B (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2020-03-27 | 厦门大学 | High-speed air floatation main shaft air bag polishing device |
| CN111230652A (en) * | 2020-02-03 | 2020-06-05 | 天津大学 | Air pressure controllable flexible grinding and polishing system |
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