CN112751074B - Lithium ion battery, preparation method thereof and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Lithium ion battery, preparation method thereof and electronic equipment Download PDF

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CN112751074B
CN112751074B CN201911040149.1A CN201911040149A CN112751074B CN 112751074 B CN112751074 B CN 112751074B CN 201911040149 A CN201911040149 A CN 201911040149A CN 112751074 B CN112751074 B CN 112751074B
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lithium
ion battery
lithium ion
positive electrode
active material
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CN112751074A (en
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何志明
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Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
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Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The disclosure provides a lithium ion battery, a preparation method thereof and electronic equipment. The lithium ion battery comprises a positive electrode, wherein the positive electrode comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active layer formed on the positive electrode current collector. The positive electrode active layer comprises lithium cobaltate and a lithium active material; the lithium active material includes active metal ions participating in a redox reaction, and the redox potential of the active metal ions is lower than that of cobalt ions in lithium cobaltate. The voltage platform value of the lithium ion battery is between the first voltage platform value of the lithium ion battery adopting lithium cobaltate as the positive active layer and the second voltage platform value of the lithium ion battery adopting a lithium active material as the positive active layer, so that the capacity decay speed and the power consumption speed of the lithium ion battery provided by the disclosure are reduced under a lower voltage in the range of the first voltage platform, and the standby time of electronic equipment under the lower voltage is favorably prolonged.

Description

Lithium ion battery, preparation method thereof and electronic equipment
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular relates to a lithium ion battery, a preparation method thereof and electronic equipment.
Background
With the demand for long-time standby of electronic devices, batteries for powering the electronic devices are required to have high capacity. The battery of the electronic device is generally a lithium ion battery, and the capacity of the lithium ion battery is mainly determined by the positive active layer. Among them, lithium cobaltate (LiCoO) 2LCO) is preferred for enabling higher voltage plateaus and higher volumetric energy densities for lithium ion batteries. However, at a low voltage of 3.4 to 3.5V, the capacity decay rate and the power consumption rate of the lithium ion battery using lithium cobaltate as the positive electrode active layer are high, which is not favorable for prolonging the standby time of the electronic device at the low voltage.
Disclosure of Invention
The disclosure provides an improved lithium ion battery, a preparation method thereof and electronic equipment.
One aspect of the present disclosure provides a lithium ion battery including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active layer formed on the positive electrode current collector;
the positive electrode active layer includes lithium cobaltate and a lithium active material, the lithium active material includes active metal ions participating in an oxidation-reduction reaction, and an oxidation-reduction potential of the active metal ions is lower than an oxidation-reduction potential of cobalt ions in the lithium cobaltate.
Optionally, the lithium active material comprises at least one of lithium iron phosphate, a nickel cobalt manganese ternary material, and a nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the lithium active material to the lithium cobaltate is 2-40: 60-95.
Optionally, the lithium active material comprises lithium iron phosphate, and the mass ratio of the lithium iron phosphate to the lithium cobaltate is 5-10: 90-95.
Optionally, the lithium active material comprises a nickel cobalt manganese ternary material, and the mass ratio of the nickel cobalt manganese ternary material to the lithium cobaltate is 5-15: 85-95.
Optionally, the lithium active material comprises a lithium nickel cobalt aluminate ternary material, and the mass ratio of the lithium nickel cobalt aluminate ternary material to the lithium cobalt oxide is 5-15: 85-95.
Optionally, the lithium active material includes a lithium iron phosphate and a nickel cobalt manganese ternary material, and the mass ratio of the lithium iron phosphate to the nickel cobalt manganese ternary material to the lithium cobaltate is 1-10:1-15: 75-95.
Optionally, the lithium active material includes a lithium iron phosphate and a lithium nickel cobalt aluminate ternary material, and the mass ratio of the lithium iron phosphate to the lithium nickel cobalt aluminate ternary material to the lithium cobalt oxide is 1-10:1-15: 75-95.
Optionally, the lithium active material comprises a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material and a nickel-cobalt-lithium aluminate ternary material, and the mass ratio of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material to the nickel-cobalt-lithium aluminate ternary material to the lithium cobaltate is 1-15:1-15: 75-95.
Optionally, the lithium active material includes lithium iron phosphate, a nickel cobalt manganese ternary material, and a nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material, and the mass ratio of the lithium iron phosphate, the nickel cobalt manganese ternary material, the nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material, and the lithium cobaltate is 1-10:1-15:1-15: 60-95.
Optionally, the lithium ion battery is a liquid lithium ion battery, a polymer lithium ion battery, or a solid lithium ion battery.
Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a method of manufacturing a lithium ion battery, for use in the manufacture of the lithium ion battery of any one of the above-mentioned, the method comprising:
obtaining a positive current collector;
and coating a positive electrode material on the positive electrode current collector to form a positive electrode active layer, wherein the positive electrode material comprises lithium cobaltate and a lithium active material, the lithium active material comprises active metal ions participating in redox reaction, and the redox potential of the active metal ions is lower than that of the cobalt ions in the lithium cobaltate.
Another aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device including the lithium ion battery of any one of the above-mentioned.
The lithium ion battery, the preparation method thereof and the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the disclosure have at least the following beneficial effects:
based on the fact that the oxidation-reduction potential of active metal ions participating in oxidation-reduction reaction in the lithium active material is lower than that of cobalt ions in lithium cobaltate, the value of a second voltage platform of the lithium ion battery adopting the lithium active material as the positive electrode active layer is smaller than the value of a first voltage platform of the lithium ion battery adopting the lithium cobaltate as the positive electrode active layer, so that the voltage platform value of the lithium ion battery adopting the lithium cobaltate and the lithium active material as the positive electrode active layer is between the first voltage platform value and the second voltage platform value, the lithium ion battery has more capacity in the range of the first voltage platform under lower voltage, the capacity decay speed and the power consumption speed are further slowed, and the standby time of electronic equipment under lower voltage is favorably prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating discharge voltage versus cumulative percentage of charge discharged for a lithium-ion battery in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a positive electrode of a lithium-ion battery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a graph illustrating a relationship between charging voltage and cumulative percentage of charging capacity of a lithium ion battery using lithium iron phosphate as a positive active layer according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating discharge voltage versus cumulative percentage of discharge charge for two types of lithium ion batteries according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a method of making a lithium ion battery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used in the present disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims does not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. Unless otherwise specified the word "comprise" or "comprises", and the like, is intended to indicate that an element or item listed before "comprises" or "comprising" includes "and the like, includes the element or item listed after" comprises "or" comprising "and its equivalents, and does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In some embodiments, a lithium ion battery includes a positive electrode including a positive current collector and a positive active layer formed on the positive current collector and a negative electrode. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active layer formed on the negative electrode current collector. The positive electrode active layer includes lithium cobaltate, and the negative electrode active layer includes graphite. Fig. 1 is a graph showing a relationship between a discharge voltage and a cumulative percentage of a discharge capacity of the lithium ion battery according to the exemplary embodiment. Wherein the discharge temperature is 25 ℃, and the discharge multiplying power is 0.2C. SOC (state of charge) refers to: the charge capacity or the discharge capacity is a percentage of the rated capacity (total capacity). SOC1 refers to: the discharge capacity is a percentage of the rated capacity. As can be seen from fig. 1, the voltage plateau range of the lithium ion battery using lithium cobaltate as the positive electrode active layer is 3.5 to 4.2V. When the voltage is 3.5V, the SOC1 is 90%, the remaining power of the lithium ion battery is about 10%, and when the voltage is lower than 3.4-3.5V, the capacity of the lithium ion battery is rapidly attenuated, the power consumption speed is high, the standby time of the electronic device under low voltage is not prolonged, and the electronic device is easy to shut down.
In order to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a lithium ion battery, a method for manufacturing the lithium ion battery, and an electronic device, and the method includes:
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a positive electrode of a lithium ion battery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a lithium ion battery including a positive electrode, and referring to fig. 2, the positive electrode 200 includes a positive electrode current collector 210 and a positive electrode active layer 220 formed on the positive electrode current collector 210. The positive electrode active layer 220 includes lithium cobaltate and a lithium active material including active metal ions participating in an oxidation-reduction reaction, the oxidation-reduction potential of the active metal ions being lower than the oxidation-reduction potential of the cobalt ions in the lithium cobaltate. The higher the redox potential, the more difficult the redox reaction, while the working mechanism of lithium ion batteries mainly proceeds by the redox reaction of the active metal ions. The higher the redox potential, the higher the voltage plateau of the corresponding lithium ion battery. Based on the above, the lithium ion battery using lithium cobaltate as the positive electrode active layer has a first voltage platform, the lithium ion battery using lithium active material as the positive electrode active layer has a second voltage platform, and the value of the second voltage platform is smaller than that of the first voltage platform. It should be noted that the lithium ion battery using lithium cobaltate as the positive electrode active layer is different from the lithium ion battery using lithium active material as the positive electrode active layer only in that: the lithium cobaltate and the lithium active material are different, the physical parameters of other materials and materials are the same, and the conditions for detecting the first voltage platform and the second voltage platform are the same. For the same lithium ion battery, the charging voltage platform is the same as the discharging voltage platform. In the disclosed embodiment, the positive electrode current collector 210 includes, but is not limited to, a copper foil, an aluminum foil.
In some embodiments, the lithium cobaltate is uniformly mixed with the lithium active material, which makes the activity of the positive electrode active layer uniform.
In the lithium ion battery provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, based on the fact that the oxidation-reduction potential of active metal ions participating in oxidation-reduction reaction in the lithium active material is lower than the oxidation-reduction potential of cobalt ions in lithium cobaltate, the value of the second voltage platform of the lithium ion battery using the lithium active material as the positive electrode active layer is smaller than the value of the first voltage platform of the lithium ion battery using the lithium cobaltate as the positive electrode active layer, so that the voltage platform value of the lithium ion battery using the lithium cobaltate and the lithium active material as the positive electrode active layer is between the first voltage platform value and the second voltage platform value. Therefore, the lithium ion battery has more capacity under the lower voltage in the range of the first voltage platform, so that the capacity attenuation speed and the power consumption speed are reduced, and the standby time of the electronic equipment under the lower voltage is favorably prolonged.
In addition, the lithium cobaltate is matched with the lithium active material, so that the voltage platform and the capacity of the lithium ion battery adopting the lithium cobaltate and the lithium active material as the positive active layer are ensured, and the power consumption requirement of the electronic equipment is met.
In some embodiments, the minimum value of the second voltage plateau range is smaller than the minimum value of the first voltage plateau range by 0.1V to 0.5V by adjusting the kind and mass ratio of the lithium active material, for example, 0.1V, 0.15V, 0.2V, 0.21V, 0.22V, 0.23V, 0.24V, 0.25V, 0.26V, 0.27V, 0.28V, 0.29V, 0.3V, 0.31V, 0.32V, 0.33V, 0.34V, 0.35V, 0.4V, 0.45V, 0.5V, etc. By such control, the voltage platform and the capacity of the lithium ion battery provided by the disclosure can slow down the capacity fading speed and the power consumption speed under low voltage on the premise of meeting the use requirement.
In some embodiments, the first voltage plateau ranges from 3.5-4.2V and the second voltage plateau ranges from 3.25-4.1V. In some embodiments, a lower voltage (e.g., 3.4-3.5V) in the first voltage plateau range is on a voltage plateau of a lithium ion battery using lithium cobaltate and a lithium active material as a positive active layer, so as to slow down a power consumption speed of the lithium ion battery at the lower voltage (e.g., 3.4-3.5V), which is beneficial to prolonging a standby time of an electronic device at the lower voltage.
The lithium active material comprises a plurality of materials, and can be matched with lithium cobaltate to slow down the rapid power consumption of the lithium ion battery at a lower voltage. In some embodiments, the lithium active material comprises lithium iron phosphate (LiFeCoPO) 4LFP), nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material and nickel-cobalt-lithium aluminate ternary material. The lithium active material may include any one of the above materials, any two of the above materials, or three of the above materials, which is not particularly limited by the present disclosure. The active metal ions in the lithium iron phosphate are ferrous ions, the active metal ions in the lithium cobaltate are trivalent cobalt ions, and the oxidation-reduction potential of the ferrous ions is lower than that of the trivalent cobalt ions. The chemical formula of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material is LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2And x + y is more than or equal to 2, the active metal ions are nickel ions, and the oxidation-reduction potential of the nickel ions is lower than that of trivalent cobalt ions. The chemical formula of the nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material is LiNi1-X-YCoXAlYO2X + Y is more than or equal to 2, the active metal ions are nickel ions, and the oxidation-reduction potential of the nickel ions is lower than that of trivalent cobalt ions.
The mass ratio of the lithium active material to the lithium cobaltate is particularly important for the positive electrode active layer to reduce the capacity fading speed and the power consumption speed of the lithium ion battery at low voltage. Based on this, in some embodiments, the mass ratio of the lithium active material to the lithium cobaltate is 2-40:60-95, for example, may be 2:60, 2:65, 2:70, 2:75, 2:80, 2:85, 2:90, 2:95, 10:60, 10:65, 10:70, 10:75, 10:90, 10:95, 20:60, 20:65, 20:70, 20:75, 20:90, 20:95, 30:60, 30:65, 30:70, 30:75, 30:80, 30:85, 30:90, 30:95, 35:60, 35:65, 35:70, 35:75, 35:80, 35:85, 35:90, 35:95, 40:60, 40:65, 40:70, 40:75, 40:80, 40:85, 40:90, 40:95, and the like. Therefore, the lithium ion battery adopting the lithium cobaltate and the lithium active material as the positive active layer can slow down the capacity decay speed and the power consumption speed under low voltage (such as 3.4-3.5V), and is beneficial to prolonging the standby time of electronic equipment under low voltage.
In some embodiments, the lithium active material comprises lithium iron phosphate, and the mass ratio of the lithium iron phosphate to the lithium cobaltate is 5-10:90-95, and may be, for example, 5:90, 6:90, 7:90, 8:90, 9:90, 10:90, 5:93, 6:93, 7:93, 8:93, 9:93, 10:93, 5:95, 6:95, 7:95, 8:95, 9:95, 10:95, and the like. In some embodiments, the lithium ion battery using lithium cobaltate as the positive active layer has a good voltage plateau and a good capacity, and the lithium ion battery using lithium iron phosphate as the positive active layer has a low voltage plateau and a low capacity, for example, the range of the second voltage plateau is 3.25 to 3.5V. Through the matching of the lithium iron phosphate and the lithium cobaltate in the mass ratio, the lithium ion battery adopting the lithium iron phosphate and the lithium cobaltate as the positive active layer can slow down the capacity decay speed and the power consumption speed at lower voltage, and is favorable for prolonging the standby time of electronic equipment at lower voltage.
Fig. 3 is a graph illustrating a relationship between charging voltage and accumulated percentage of charging capacity at different charging rates of a lithium ion battery using lithium iron phosphate as a positive active layer according to an exemplary embodiment. Fig. 3 shows a graph of the relationship between the charging voltage and the cumulative percentage of the charged charge at four different charging rates of 1C, 1/2C, 1/3C, 1/5C, where SOC2 refers to: the proportion of the charging electric quantity to the rated electric quantity. As can be seen from fig. 3, the range of the second voltage plateau of the lithium ion battery using lithium iron phosphate as the positive active layer has a small difference, which can be regarded as 3.25-3.5V, and is smaller than the range of 3.5-4.2V of the first voltage plateau.
Fig. 4 is a graph illustrating the discharge voltage versus the cumulative percentage of discharge charge for two types of lithium ion batteries according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In fig. 4, curve 1 represents a curve of a relationship between a discharge voltage and a cumulative percentage of discharge capacity of a lithium ion battery using lithium cobaltate as a positive electrode active layer, and curve 2 represents a curve of a relationship between a discharge voltage and a cumulative percentage of discharge capacity of a lithium ion battery using lithium cobaltate and lithium iron phosphate as a positive electrode active layer. As can be seen from fig. 4, the voltage plateau of curve No. 2 is 3.26-4.16V, and is between the first voltage plateau range 3.5-4.2V of curve No. 1 and the second voltage plateau range 3.25-3.5V shown in fig. 3, which makes 3.4-3.5V on the voltage plateau of curve No. 2, and the lithium ion battery corresponding to curve No. 2 under voltage of 3.4-3.5V has more capacity than the lithium ion battery corresponding to curve No. 1, thereby slowing down the capacity decay speed and the power consumption speed under voltage of 3.4-3.5V, and prolonging the standby time of the electronic device under low voltage.
In some embodiments, the lithium active material comprises a nickel cobalt manganese ternary material in a mass ratio of 5-15:85-95 to lithium cobaltate, and may be, for example, 5:85, 7:85, 9:85, 11:85, 13:85, 15:85, 5:90, 7:90, 9:90, 11:90, 13:90, 15:90, 5:95, 7:95, 9:95, 11:95, 13:95, 15:95, etc. For the case where the lithium active material includes a nickel cobalt manganese ternary material, the second voltage plateau ranges from 3.4-4.1V, and may be, for example, 3.4V, 3.5V, 3.6V, 3.7V, 3.8V, 3.9V, 4V, 4.1V, and so on. In some embodiments, the lithium ion battery using the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material as the positive electrode active layer has higher safety compared with the lithium ion battery using lithium cobaltate as the positive electrode active layer, and the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material and the lithium cobaltate in the mass ratio are matched to serve as the positive electrode active layer, so that the lithium ion battery can slow down the capacity decay speed and the power consumption speed under low voltage, and the safety of the lithium ion battery is improved.
In some embodiments, the lithium active material comprises a nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material in a mass ratio of 5-15:85-95, for example, 5:85, 7:85, 9:85, 11:85, 13:85, 15:85, 5:90, 7:90, 9:90, 11:90, 13:90, 15:90, 5:95, 7:95, 9:95, 11:95, 13:95, 15:95, and the like. For the case where the lithium active material comprises a nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material, the second voltage plateau ranges from 3.3V to 4.1V, and may be, for example, 3.3V, 3.4V, 3.5V, 3.6V, 3.7V, 3.8V, 3.9V, 4V, 4.1V, and the like. In some embodiments, the lithium ion battery using the nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material as the positive electrode active layer has low manufacturing cost compared with the lithium ion battery using lithium cobaltate as the positive electrode active layer, and the lithium ion battery can slow down the power consumption speed at low voltage and reduce the cost by matching the nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material and the lithium cobaltate in the mass ratio as the positive electrode active layer.
In some embodiments, the lithium active material includes a lithium iron phosphate and a nickel cobalt manganese ternary material, and the mass ratio of the lithium iron phosphate to the nickel cobalt manganese ternary material to the lithium cobaltate is 1-10:1-15:75-95, and may be, for example, 1:1:75, 2:3:80, 3:4:85, 4:5:89, 5:6:91, 6:7:92, 7:8:93, 8:9:93, 9:10:94, 10:12:95, 10:15:95, and the like. In some embodiments, the three materials in the proportion are matched, so that the lithium ion battery can keep a good voltage platform and capacity, the capacity decay speed and the power consumption speed of the lithium ion battery can be reduced under a lower voltage, and the safety of the lithium ion battery is improved.
In some embodiments, the lithium active material comprises ternary lithium iron phosphate and lithium nickel cobalt aluminate, and the mass ratio of the ternary lithium iron phosphate to the ternary lithium nickel cobalt aluminate is 1-10:1-15:75-95, and may be, for example, 1:1:75, 2:3:75, 3:4:82, 4:5:87, 5:6:89, 6:7:92, 7:8:93, 8:9:93, 9:10:94, 10:13:95, 10:15:95, and the like. In some embodiments, the three materials in the above proportion are matched, so that the lithium ion battery can maintain a good voltage platform and capacity, and is beneficial to reducing the capacity decay speed and the power consumption speed of the lithium ion battery under a lower voltage and reducing the manufacturing cost.
In some embodiments, the lithium active material includes a nickel cobalt manganese ternary material and a nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material, the mass ratio of the nickel cobalt manganese ternary material, the nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material, and the lithium cobaltate is 1-15:1-15:75-95, and may be, for example, 1:1:75, 2:4:75, 3:5:82, 4:6:87, 5:7:89, 6:8:92, 7:9:93, 8:11:93, 9:12:94, 10:14:95, 15:15:95, and the like. In some embodiments, the three materials in the above proportion are matched, so that the lithium ion battery can maintain a good voltage platform and capacity, and is beneficial to slowing down the capacity decay speed and the power consumption speed of the lithium ion battery under a lower voltage, improving the safety of the lithium ion battery and reducing the manufacturing cost.
In some embodiments, the lithium active material comprises lithium iron phosphate, a nickel cobalt manganese ternary material, a nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material, and the mass ratio of the lithium iron phosphate, the nickel cobalt manganese ternary material, the nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material, and the lithium cobaltate is 1-10:1-15:1-15:60-95, and may be, for example, 1:1:1:60, 2:3:3:65, 3:5:5:70, 4:7:7:75, 5:8:8:79, 6:9:9:83, 7:11:11:87, 8:11:11:89, 9:12:12:90, 10:13:13:91, 10:14:14:92, 10:14: 93, 10:14:14: 14:94, 10:15:15:95, and the like. In some embodiments, the four materials in the mass ratio are matched, so that the lithium ion battery can keep a good voltage platform and capacity, and is favorable for reducing the capacity decay speed and the power consumption speed of the lithium ion battery under a lower voltage, improving the safety of the lithium ion battery and reducing the manufacturing cost.
In some embodiments, the lithium ion battery is a liquid lithium ion battery, a polymer lithium ion battery, or a solid state lithium ion battery. The lithium ion battery provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has a wide application range and can be suitable for different electronic devices.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a method of making a lithium ion battery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for preparing a lithium ion battery, which is used in the preparation of any one of the above-mentioned lithium ion batteries, and referring to fig. 5, the method for preparing includes:
And step 51, obtaining a positive electrode current collector.
And step 52, coating a positive electrode material on the positive electrode current collector to form a positive electrode active layer, wherein the positive electrode material comprises lithium cobaltate and a lithium active material, the lithium active material comprises active metal ions participating in an oxidation-reduction reaction, and the oxidation-reduction potential of the active metal ions is lower than that of cobalt ions in the lithium cobaltate. In some embodiments, the positive electrode material further comprises: the conductive agent, the binder and the like are mixed with positive electrode materials such as the conductive agent, the binder, lithium cobaltate, lithium active materials and the like to obtain positive electrode active slurry, and the positive electrode active slurry is coated on a positive electrode current collector to form a positive electrode active layer.
According to the preparation method of the lithium ion battery provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, based on the fact that the oxidation-reduction potential of active metal ions participating in oxidation-reduction reaction in the lithium active material is lower than the oxidation-reduction potential of cobalt ions in lithium cobaltate, the value of the second voltage platform of the lithium ion battery adopting the lithium active material as the positive active layer is smaller than the value of the first voltage platform of the lithium ion battery adopting the lithium active material as the positive active layer, so that the voltage platform value of the lithium ion battery adopting the lithium cobaltate and the lithium active material as the positive active layer is between the first voltage platform value and the second voltage platform value, the lithium ion battery has more capacity in the range of the first voltage platform at lower voltage, further the capacity decay speed and the power consumption speed are reduced, and the standby time of electronic equipment at lower voltage is prolonged.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electronic device comprising any of the lithium ion batteries mentioned above. The electronic device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is based on any one of the lithium ion batteries mentioned above, and is beneficial to prolonging the standby time of the electronic device at a lower voltage.
In embodiments of the present disclosure, electronic devices include, but are not limited to: mobile phones, tablet computers, ipads, digital broadcast terminals, messaging devices, game consoles, medical devices, fitness devices, personal digital assistants, smart wearable devices, smart televisions, and the like.
As for the embodiments of the method for manufacturing a lithium ion battery and the electronic device, since they correspond to the embodiments of the lithium ion battery, the relevant points can be referred to the partial description of the embodiments of the lithium ion battery.
The above embodiments of the present disclosure may be complementary to each other without conflict.
The above description is only exemplary of the present disclosure and should not be taken as limiting the disclosure, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (7)

1. The lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising a positive electrode, wherein the positive electrode comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active layer formed on the positive electrode current collector;
The positive electrode active layer includes lithium cobaltate and a lithium active material, the lithium active material includes active metal ions participating in an oxidation-reduction reaction, and an oxidation-reduction potential of the active metal ions is lower than an oxidation-reduction potential of cobalt ions in the lithium cobaltate;
the lithium active material includes: at least one of a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material and a nickel-cobalt-lithium aluminate ternary material;
the mass ratio of the lithium active material to the lithium cobaltate is 2-40: 60-95.
2. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the lithium active material comprises a nickel cobalt manganese ternary material, and a mass ratio of the nickel cobalt manganese ternary material to the lithium cobaltate is 5-15: 85-95.
3. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the lithium active material comprises a lithium nickel cobalt aluminate ternary material, and the mass ratio of the lithium nickel cobalt aluminate ternary material to the lithium cobaltate is 5-15: 85-95.
4. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the lithium active material comprises a nickel cobalt manganese ternary material and a nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material, and the mass ratio of the nickel cobalt manganese ternary material to the nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material to the lithium cobaltate is 1-15:1-15: 75-95.
5. The lithium ion battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the lithium ion battery is a liquid lithium ion battery, a polymer lithium ion battery, or a solid state lithium ion battery.
6. A method for preparing a lithium ion battery, which is used in the preparation of the lithium ion battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising:
obtaining a positive current collector;
coating a positive electrode material on the positive electrode current collector to form a positive electrode active layer, wherein the positive electrode material comprises lithium cobaltate and a lithium active material, the lithium active material comprises active metal ions participating in redox reaction, and the redox potential of the active metal ions is lower than that of the cobalt ions in the lithium cobaltate; the lithium active material includes: at least one of nickel cobalt manganese ternary material and nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material; the mass ratio of the lithium active material to the lithium cobaltate is 2-40: 60-95.
7. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises the lithium ion battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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