CN112746280B - Oil removing agent, preparation process of oil removing agent and galvanizing process - Google Patents
Oil removing agent, preparation process of oil removing agent and galvanizing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112746280B CN112746280B CN202011601274.8A CN202011601274A CN112746280B CN 112746280 B CN112746280 B CN 112746280B CN 202011601274 A CN202011601274 A CN 202011601274A CN 112746280 B CN112746280 B CN 112746280B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/16—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions using inhibitors
- C23G1/18—Organic inhibitors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
Abstract
The application relates to the field of galvanizing, and particularly discloses a degreasing agent, a preparation process of the degreasing agent and a galvanizing process. The degreasing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; 1-2 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether; 2-4 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; 20-30 parts of sodium carbonate; 1-2 parts of sodium hydroxide; 60-80 parts of water. A galvanization process comprises the following steps: hanging, deoiling, washing, galvanizing, washing for the first time, chemical polishing, washing for the second time and passivating. The degreasing agent can be used for reducing oil stains on the surface of metal.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of galvanizing, in particular to a degreasing agent, a preparation process of the degreasing agent and a galvanizing process.
Background
Galvanization refers to a surface treatment technique for plating a layer of zinc on a metal surface to play a role in beauty, rust prevention and the like.
The existing galvanization process generally comprises the following steps:
hanging: hanging the workpiece on a hanger in the direction;
oil removal: firstly, adding oil removing powder and water into a chemical oil removing groove, and then putting the hanger and the workpiece into the chemical oil removing groove together for removing oil;
washing with water: putting the workpiece subjected to oil removal into a rinsing bath for rinsing twice;
galvanizing: putting the pretreated workpiece into an electroplating bath for electroplating treatment;
first water washing: putting the plated workpiece into a rinsing bath for rinsing three times;
chemical polishing: placing the workpiece after the first washing into nitric acid solution with the concentration of 3% and moving for 5 seconds;
and (3) second water washing: putting the polished workpiece into a rinsing bath for rinsing twice;
passivation: and passivating the workpiece, washing for the third time, drying, baking, hanging, inspecting and packaging to obtain a final electroplating product.
With respect to the related art in the above, the inventors consider that: in the related art, the degreasing powder has a poor degreasing effect, and is easy to leave impurities such as greasy dirt on the metal surface, and when more greasy dirt is left on the metal surface, the flatness of an electroplated layer is affected in the electroplating process, and even the electroplated layer may be peeled off.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce oil stains on the surface of metal, the application provides a degreasing agent, a preparation process of the degreasing agent and a galvanizing process.
In a first aspect, the application provides an oil removal agent, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the degreasing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
by adopting the technical scheme, the sodium hydroxide and the sodium carbonate are jointly used to achieve a better cleaning effect, and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and the octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether have a better synergistic effect, so that the better cleaning effect can be further achieved, and the oil stain on the surface of the metal workpiece is reduced. When the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the sodium carbonate and the sodium hydroxide are used together, a good cleaning effect can be achieved within the range of 55-60 ℃, the temperature of oil removing liquid does not need to be increased to be more than 70 ℃, and the effect of reducing energy consumption is achieved to a certain extent.
Preferably, the oil removal agent also comprises 10-20 parts of an auxiliary agent, and the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
50% -60% of sodium bicarbonate;
20% -25% of sodium gluconate;
EDTA 20％-25％。
by adopting the technical scheme, the sodium gluconate and the EDTA are used as the metal chelating agent and are matched with each other to disperse oil stains and impurities on the surface of the workpiece into liquid, so that the oil stains are cleaned. Sodium bicarbonate also has a cleaning promoting effect.
Preferably, the oil remover also comprises 10-15 parts by weight of citric acid.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the addition of citric acid can react with sodium hydroxide and generate sodium citrate, and sodium citrate can make hard water soften as a metal complex, reduces the requirement to the internal water that adds of oil groove, can disperse the impurity on the workpiece surface to the aquatic, has the effect of reinforcing cleaning performance. And citric acid can react with sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate to generate sodium citrate and carbon dioxide, and the generated carbon dioxide can promote the oil removing agent to be uniformly dispersed in water of the oil removing tank body to a certain extent.
Preferably, the oil remover also comprises 4-8 parts of a buffering agent, and the buffering agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
50% -60% of sodium thiosulfate;
20 to 25 percent of sodium metasilicate;
20 to 25 percent of thiourea.
By adopting the technical scheme, the corrosivity to metal can be reduced after the sodium thiosulfate, the sodium metasilicate and the thiourea are matched with each other; and after the sodium thiosulfate is matched with the sodium metasilicate, oil stain impurities on the workpiece can be well dispersed into water, and dirt can be prevented from being adhered to the workpiece again to a certain degree.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation process of an oil removing agent, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation process of the oil removal agent comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dispersing isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium gluconate, EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid), sodium thiosulfate, sodium metasilicate and thiourea in water, and stirring at the rotation speed of 800-1000r/min for 20-30min to obtain an oil removing agent A;
step two: citric acid was used as degreasing agent B.
By adopting the technical scheme, the degreasing agent is divided into the degreasing agent A and the degreasing agent B, so that substances of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate which react with citric acid and citric acid can be separately stored and added, the loss of the sodium hydroxide, the sodium carbonate, the sodium bicarbonate and the citric acid in the storage process can be reduced, and the treatment of greasy dirt on a workpiece by the degreasing agent is further ensured.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a galvanizing process, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a galvanizing process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: hanging, namely hanging the workpiece on a hanging rod;
s2: removing oil, namely adding an oil removing agent and water into an oil removing tank body, and then soaking the workpiece on the hanging rod into liquid in the oil removing tank body, wherein the temperature of the liquid in the oil removing tank body is within the range of 55-60 ℃;
s3: washing, namely putting the deoiled workpiece into a washing tank body for washing;
s4: galvanizing, namely electroplating the washed workpiece;
s5: washing with water for the first time, and washing the plated workpiece;
s6: chemical polishing, namely polishing the workpiece subjected to the first water washing;
s7: washing with water for the second time, and washing the polished workpiece;
s8: and passivating, namely passivating the workpiece subjected to the second washing.
By adopting the technical scheme, the temperature of the liquid added in the oil removing tank body is 55-60 ℃, and the oil removing agent has a good treatment effect on the oil stains on the surface of the workpiece after being added into the oil removing tank body in the temperature range.
Preferably, in S2, a feeding pipe is connected to a side wall of the oil removing tank body, water is added into the oil removing tank body, then the oil removing agent B is added into the oil removing tank body, and then the oil removing agent a is added into the oil removing tank body from the feeding pipe, wherein the adding speed of the oil removing agent a in the feeding pipe is 0.5-0.7ml/S.
By adopting the technical scheme, after water is added into the oil removing tank body, citric acid serving as an oil removing B agent is added into the oil removing tank body, then the oil removing A agent is added into the oil removing tank body from the feeding pipe, sodium hydroxide in the oil removing A agent reacts with the citric acid to generate sodium citrate, and the sodium citrate serves as a metal complex compound, so that hard water can be softened, the requirement on the water added into the oil removing tank body is reduced, impurities on the surface of a workpiece can be dispersed into the water, and the cleaning effect is enhanced; and sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate in the oil removing agent A react with sodium citrate to generate sodium citrate and carbon dioxide gas, and the generation of the carbon dioxide gas can promote the oil removing agent A and the oil removing agent B to be uniformly dispersed in water in an oil removing tank body to a certain extent. Meanwhile, an oil removing agent B is added into water in the oil storage tank body to enable citric acid to be well dispersed in the water, and then an oil removing agent A is added into the oil removing tank body from a feeding pipe at the side wall of the oil removing tank body to enable the oil removing agent A to be in good contact with the citric acid, and enable sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate to be in good contact with the citric acid.
Preferably, in S1 to S3, the hanging rod is connected with a plurality of first connecting rods, the first connecting rods are located above the workpiece, the first connecting rods are connected with fan-shaped pieces, the fan-shaped pieces on the plurality of first connecting rods are sequentially overlapped to form the umbrella cover, when the workpiece is immersed in the deoiling liquid, the upper ends of the fan-shaped pieces are located in the deoiling liquid, and the hanging rod is connected with shielding pieces for shielding gaps at the upper ends of the umbrella cover; the hanging rod is provided with a supporting component for supporting the first connecting rod.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, fan-shaped piece on the many head rods overlaps in proper order and forms the umbrella face after setting up to the umbrella face is located the work piece top, and the head rods supports through supporting component. A large amount of foams often can appear when deoiling the processing to the work piece, and fan-shaped piece overlap forms the umbrella face, and fan-shaped piece is located the work piece top, and when the work piece got into the washing cell body from the deoiling cell body, the umbrella face that fan-shaped piece formed can take out the foam of work piece top, reduces the foam of adhesion on the work piece, and then reduces the foam that gets into in the washing cell body, reduces the number of times of changing the internal liquid of washing cell to a certain extent.
Preferably, the first connecting rod is hinged to the hanging rod, the second connecting rod is hinged to the first connecting rod, the supporting assembly comprises a supporting rod and a sliding rod, a cavity is formed in the supporting rod, the sliding rod is connected in the cavity of the supporting rod in a sliding mode, and liquid with a boiling point within the range of 50-55 ℃ is added in the cavity; the one end that the slide bar was kept away from to the bracing piece is connected with the peg, the slide bar is kept away from the one end of bracing piece and is slided and connect on the second connecting rod.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the hanging rod is not immersed in the oil removing groove body, the supporting rod and the sliding rod are in contact with indoor air, the temperature of the indoor air is less than 50 ℃, liquid is still in the cavity, the height of the sliding rod is low, the fan-shaped pieces are in a furled state, when the hanging rod and a workpiece on the hanging rod are stretched into the oil removing liquid body, foam adhered to the lower ends of the fan-shaped pieces can be reduced, and then the foam reduced to be adhered to the lower ends of the fan-shaped pieces drops onto the workpiece when the subsequent hanging rod takes out the oil removing liquid. When a workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid, the temperature of liquid in the degreasing fluid tank is within the range of 55-60 ℃, the liquid in the cavity is boiled, the liquid in the cavity is vaporized into gas, the air pressure in the cavity is increased, the slide bar slides upwards, the second connecting rod is driven to rotate, and the second connecting rod props up the first connecting rod to form an umbrella cover; after the workpiece is deoiled, the workpiece is taken out of the deoiling liquid body, and the umbrella fabric can take out foams above the workpiece, so that the foams adhered to the workpiece are reduced. When the work piece is washed to needs, slide the frame to washing cell body top, bracing piece and slide bar and indoor air contact this moment, make the temperature of bracing piece descend, liquid in the bracing piece meets cold reliquefaction to liquid, make the atmospheric pressure in the bracing piece cavity reduce, make the slide bar move down, drive the second connecting rod and rotate, make the head rod rotate to the direction that is close to the peg, make the fan-shaped piece draw in, when stretching into the washing cell body with work piece on peg and the peg, reduce the buoyancy that the fan-shaped piece received.
Preferably, the upper end face of the fan-shaped piece is coated with a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the coating one deck polytetrafluoroethylene on the fan-shaped piece upper end terminal surface, polytetrafluoroethylene coating has the characteristics that coefficient of friction is little, enables the foam of adhesion on the fan-shaped piece upper end terminal surface and follows fan-shaped piece length direction landing rapidly, reduces the foam of adhesion on the fan-shaped piece upper end terminal surface, and when follow-up peg stretched into the wash bowl in vivo, can reduce the foam that gets into in the wash bowl, and then reduced the number of times that the internal liquid of wash bowl was changed.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the sodium hydroxide and the sodium carbonate are used together to achieve a good cleaning effect, and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and the octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether have good synergistic effects, so that the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate cleaning agent can further achieve a good cleaning effect, and reduce oil stains on the surface of a metal workpiece. When the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the sodium carbonate and the sodium hydroxide are used together, the cleaning effect is better within the range of 55-60 ℃, the temperature of the oil removing liquid does not need to be increased to be more than 70 ℃, and the effect of reducing energy consumption is achieved to a certain extent.
2. The corrosion to metal can be reduced after the sodium thiosulfate, the sodium metasilicate and the thiourea are matched with each other; and after the sodium thiosulfate is matched with the sodium metasilicate, oil contamination impurities on the workpiece can be well dispersed into water, and dirt can be prevented from being adhered to the workpiece again to a certain degree.
3. The fan-shaped pieces on the first connecting rods are sequentially overlapped to form an umbrella cover, the umbrella cover is positioned above the workpiece, and the first connecting rods are supported through the supporting component. A large amount of foams often can appear when deoiling the work piece and handle, and the flabellum overlap forms the umbrella face, and the flabellum is located the work piece top, and when the work piece got into the wash tank body from the deoiling cell body, the umbrella face that the flabellum formed can take out the foam of work piece top, reduces the foam of adhesion on the work piece, and then reduces the foam that gets into in the wash tank body, reduces the number of times of changing the internal liquid of wash tank to a certain extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method provided herein;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an oil removal tank and a water washing tank in examples 1 to 16 and comparative examples 1 to 7 of the present application;
FIG. 3 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the drive assembly of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the cloth rail of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod after a portion of the fan-shaped piece is hidden.
Description of the reference numerals: 1. an oil removal tank body; 11. washing the tank body with water; 12. a feed tube; 2. a heating box; 21. a liquid outlet pipe; 22. a first pump; 23. a liquid inlet pipe; 24. a second pump; 31. a dovetail groove; 32. a sealing block; 33. a groove; 4. a frame; 41. a dovetail block; 42. a lifting rod; 5. a drive assembly; 51. a roller; 52. a connecting rod; 53. a first gear; 54. a second gear; 55. a drive motor; 6. a lifting assembly; 61. a slider; 62. a lead screw; 63. a chute; 64. rotating the motor; 7. a hanging rod; 71. a first connecting rod; 72. a fan-shaped sheet; 73. a shielding sheet; 74. a second connecting rod; 8. a support assembly; 81. a support bar; 82. a slide bar; 83. a cavity.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
The material raw material sources are as follows:
the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is selected from isomeric dodecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether of Nantong Runfeng petrochemical company Limited;
the polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether is selected from Shandong' an mi chemical technology Co., ltd;
the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is selected from sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 60 of Nanjing Kanier science and technology Limited liability company;
the sodium carbonate is selected from Wenzhou Giraffe chemical Co., ltd;
the sodium hydroxide is selected from Tong Ying Longxing chemical industry, inc.;
the sodium bicarbonate is selected from Wenzhou Gixiang chemical GmbH;
the sodium gluconate is selected from Shandong Fuyang Biotech Co., ltd;
EDTA is selected from Centario chemical Co., ltd;
the citric acid is selected from Shanghai gold Carle industry Co., ltd;
the sodium thiosulfate is selected from chemical science and technology limited of flourishing Anhui;
the sodium metasilicate is selected from Fengda chemical import and export Limited liability company in the city of peony river;
the thiourea is selected from Fengdian chemical import and export Limited liability company in the city of peony river;
the chlorinated tert-butane is selected from Shanghai gold Mallotus industries, inc.
Examples
Examples 1 to 5
The preparation process of the oil removing agent comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dispersing isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide in water, and stirring at the rotation speed of 900r/min for 25min to obtain the oil A removing agent.
In examples 1 to 5, the amounts of the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, the sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, the sodium carbonate, the sodium hydroxide and the water are shown in Table 1 in parts by weight:
TABLE 1
Examples 6 to 8
Examples 6 to 8 differ from example 1 in that: examples 6-8 in step one, adjuvants were added.
The preparation process of the oil removing agent comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dispersing isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium gluconate and EDTA in water, and stirring at the rotation speed of 900r/min for 25min to obtain the oil A removing agent.
The weight parts of the additives in examples 6 to 8 and the weight percentages of the components in the additives are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
Examples 9 to 13
Examples 9-13 differ from example 6 in that: citric acid was added in examples 9-13.
The method comprises the following steps: dispersing isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium gluconate and EDTA in water, and stirring at the rotation speed of 900r/min for 25min to obtain an oil removing agent A;
step two: citric acid was used as degreasing agent B.
The parts by weight of citric acid added in examples 9-13 are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
Examples 14 to 16
Examples 14-16 differ from example 9 in that: the first step of examples 14-16 was the addition of a buffer.
The method comprises the following steps: dispersing isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium gluconate, EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid), sodium thiosulfate, sodium metasilicate and thiourea in water, and stirring at the rotation speed of 900r/min for 25min to obtain an oil removing agent A;
step two: citric acid was used as degreasing agent B.
The weight parts of the added buffer and the weight percentage of each component in the buffer in examples 14-16 are shown in Table 4:
TABLE 4
The galvanizing process of examples 1-16 is the same, referring to fig. 1, and includes the following steps:
s1: hanging, namely hanging the workpiece on a hanging rod 7;
s2: degreasing, namely adding water into a degreasing tank body 1, and then adding a degreasing B agent into the degreasing tank body 1, wherein the addition amount of the degreasing B agent is 10g/L; and then adding an oil removing agent A into the oil removing tank body 1 from the feed pipe 12, wherein the adding speed of the oil removing agent A is 0.6ml/s, and the adding amount of the oil removing agent A is 20ml/L. Then, immersing the workpiece on the hanging rod 7 into the liquid in the oil removal tank body 1, wherein the temperature of the liquid in the oil removal tank body 1 is 60 ℃;
s3: washing, namely putting the workpiece subjected to oil removal into a washing tank body 11 for washing twice, wherein the temperature of water during the first washing is 55 ℃, and the temperature of water during the second washing is 25 ℃;
s4: galvanizing, namely putting the workpiece processed by the S3 into an electroplating bath, adjusting the current density to be 2A/dm3, the temperature to be 25 ℃, and the electroplating time to be 10min, and electroplating the workpiece after washing;
s5: washing the plated workpiece for 3 times;
s6: chemical polishing, namely putting the workpiece subjected to the first water washing into a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 3% for polishing;
s7: washing for the second time, wherein the polished workpiece is washed for 2 times;
s8: and passivating, namely passivating the workpiece subjected to the second washing, and then washing, drying, baking, hanging, inspecting and packaging to obtain a final electroplating product.
The hanging rod 7, the oil removal tank body 1 and the washing tank body 11 are used in S1-S3, and the specific structures of the oil removal tank body 1, the washing tank body 11 and the hanging rod 7 are as follows.
Referring to fig. 2, the oil removal tank body 1 and the washing tank body 11 are both rectangular, the oil removal tank body 1 is fixedly connected with the washing tank body 11, the oil removal tank body 1 and the washing tank body 11 are in the same length direction, an oil removal agent for removing oil stains on the surface of a workpiece is added into the oil removal tank body 1, and water is added into the washing tank body 11.
Referring to fig. 2, a feed pipe 11 for adding an oil removing agent a is fixedly connected to the side wall of the oil removing tank body 1. The lateral wall of the oil removing tank body 1 is fixedly connected with a liquid outlet pipe 21, the liquid outlet pipe 21 is communicated with the inside of the oil removing tank body 1, one end of the liquid outlet pipe 21, which is far away from the oil removing tank body 1, is fixedly connected with a heating box 2, and a plurality of electric heating pipes (not shown in the figures of the electric heating pipes) used for heating liquid are arranged in the heating box 2. The liquid outlet pipe 21 conveys the liquid in the oil removing tank body 1 to the heating box 2 through the first pump 22.
Referring to fig. 2, a liquid inlet pipe 23 is fixedly connected to the heating box 2, one end of the liquid inlet pipe 23, which is far away from the heating box 2, is fixedly connected to the oil removing tank body 1, and the liquid inlet pipe 23 is communicated with the inside of the oil removing tank body 1. The liquid inlet pipe 23 conveys the heated liquid in the heating box 2 to the oil removing tank body 1 through a second pump 24. The temperature of the liquid in the oil removing tank body 1 is within 60 ℃.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the degreasing bath body 1 and the washing bath body 11 are slidably connected with a frame 4. The oil removal tank body 1 and the water washing tank body 11 are provided with dovetail grooves 31 which are arranged along the length direction after the oil removal tank body 1 and the water washing tank body 11 are combined, the rack 4 is fixedly connected with dovetail blocks 41, and the dovetail blocks 41 are connected in the dovetail grooves 31 in a sliding mode. The sealing blocks 32 are fixedly connected to the end portions of the two ends of the dovetail groove 31 through bolts.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a driving assembly 5 for driving the frame 4 to slide is disposed on the frame 4, the driving assembly 5 includes a roller 51 and a connecting rod 52, the connecting rod 52 is rotatably connected to the frame 4, and a length direction of the connecting rod 52 is parallel to a length direction of the frame 4. The number of the rollers 51 is two, and the two rollers 51 are respectively coaxially and fixedly connected to two ends of the connecting rod 52. Grooves 33 are formed in the oil removal tank body 1 and the water washing tank body 11, the length direction of each groove 33 is parallel to the length direction of the dovetail groove 31, and the rollers 51 roll in the grooves 33.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a first gear 53 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the connecting rod 52, a second gear 54 is rotatably connected to the frame 4, the second gear 54 is engaged with the first gear 53, a driving motor 55 is fixedly connected to the frame 4, and an output shaft of the driving motor 55 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second gear 54.
Referring to fig. 3, the frame 4 is provided with a lifting rod 42 sliding along the vertical direction, the frame 4 is provided with a lifting assembly 6 driving the lifting rod 42 to lift, the lifting assembly 6 comprises a sliding block 61 and a lead screw 62, sliding grooves 63 are formed in two ends of the frame 4 in the length direction, the sliding grooves 63 are vertically arranged, the lead screw 62 is rotatably connected to the frame 4, the lead screw 62 is located in the sliding grooves 63, and the upper end of the lead screw 62 penetrates out of the frame 4. The both ends of 4 length direction of frame are fixedly connected with rotates motor 64, and the coaxial fixed connection of output shaft that frame 4 and rotation motor 64 is worn out to the lead screw 62 upper end.
Referring to fig. 3, two blocks 61 are provided, the two blocks 61 are slidably connected in the sliding groove 63 along the vertical direction, and the two blocks 61 are respectively fixedly connected with two ends of the lifting rod 42 (wherein the fixed connection may be through a bolt).
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, a hanging rod 7 for hanging a workpiece is fixedly connected to the lifting rod 42.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, a plurality of first connecting rods 71 are hinged to the hanging rod 7, the first connecting rods 71 are located above the workpiece, fan-shaped pieces 72 are fixedly connected to the first connecting rods 71, and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene is coated on the upper end faces of the fan-shaped pieces 72. The fan-shaped pieces 72 on the first connecting rods 71 are sequentially overlapped to form the umbrella cover. When the workpiece is immersed in the degreasing liquid body for degreasing treatment, the upper end of the fan-shaped piece 72 is located in the degreasing liquid body, the workpiece is located below the umbrella cover, and the orthographic projection of the workpiece is located in the orthographic projection of the umbrella cover. The hanging rod 7 is fixedly connected with a shielding piece 73 for shielding the gap at the upper end of the umbrella cover.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the first connecting rod 71 is hinged to a second connecting rod 74. The hanging rod 7 is provided with a supporting component 8 for supporting the first connecting rod 71, and the supporting component 8 comprises a supporting rod 81 and a sliding rod 82. The supporting rod 81 is fixedly connected to the hanging rod 7, a cavity 83 is formed in the supporting rod 81, the sliding rod 82 is connected to the cavity 83 of the supporting rod 81 in a sliding mode, and chlorinated tert-butane with the boiling point of 51-52 ℃ is added into the cavity 83. The upper end of the sliding rod 82 extends out of the supporting rod 81, and the upper end of the sliding rod 82 is hinged with the second connecting rod 74.
The use mode is as follows:
the first pump 22 is started to enable liquid in the oil removal tank body 1 to enter the heating box 2 through the liquid outlet pipe 21, the heating box 2 heats the liquid, the second pump 24 is started to enable the heated liquid in the heating box 2 to enter the oil removal tank body 1 again through the liquid inlet pipe 23, and the temperature of the liquid in the oil removal tank body 1 is enabled to be between 55 ℃.
The workpiece is hung on the hanging rod 7, at this time, the supporting rod 81 and the sliding rod 82 are in contact with indoor air, the temperature of the indoor air is less than 50 ℃, liquid is still in the cavity 83, the height of the sliding rod 82 is low, and the fan-shaped piece 72 is in a folded state.
When oil removal treatment is needed, the driving motor 55 is turned on to drive the second gear 54 to rotate, the second gear 54 rotates to drive the first gear 53 to rotate, the first gear 53 rotates to drive the connecting rod 52 to rotate, the connecting rod 52 rotates to drive the roller 51 to rotate, and the roller 51 rotates to drive the rack 4 to slide until the rack 4 slides to the upper part of the oil removal tank body 1. Then the lifting rod 42 is driven to descend, the two rotating motors 64 are synchronously started, the rotating motors 64 drive the lead screw 62 to rotate, the lead screw 62 rotates to drive the sliding block 61 to descend, the sliding block 61 descends to drive the lifting rod 42 to descend, the lifting rod 42 descends to drive the hanging rod 7 to descend, the hanging rod 7 descends to enable the workpiece on the hanging rod 7 to be immersed into the oil removal tank body 1, and oil removal treatment is carried out on the workpiece.
When a workpiece is immersed in the degreasing liquid, the temperature of the liquid in the degreasing tank body 1 is within 60 ℃, the chlorinated tert-butane in the cavity 83 is boiled, the chlorinated tert-butane in the cavity 83 is vaporized into gas, the air pressure in the cavity 83 is increased, the slide rod 82 slides upwards, the second connecting rod 74 is driven to rotate, and the second connecting rod 74 stretches the first connecting rod 71 to form the umbrella cover.
When water washing treatment is required, firstly, the two rotating motors 64 are synchronously turned on, so that the rotating motors 64 drive the lead screw 62 to rotate reversely, the lead screw 62 rotates reversely to drive the slide block 61 to ascend, the slide block 61 ascends to drive the lifting rod 42 to ascend, the lifting rod 42 ascends to drive the hanging rod 7 to ascend, and the hanging rod 7 and workpieces on the hanging rod 7 are taken out of the oil removal tank body 1; the driving motor 55 is turned on, the driving motor 55 drives the second gear 54 to rotate, the second gear 54 drives the first gear 53 to rotate, the first gear 53 drives the connecting rod 52 to rotate, the connecting rod 52 drives the roller 51 to rotate, the roller 51 drives the rack 4 to slide until the rack 4 slides to the upper part of the washing tank body 11, and the two rotating motors 64 are turned on synchronously again to enable the sliding block 61 to drive the lifting rod 42 to descend, so that the hanging rod 7 and the workpiece on the hanging rod 7 are immersed in the liquid in the washing tank body 11.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that: the formulation of the degreaser used in comparative example 1 was different.
The used oil removing agent formula is as follows:
120g/L of sulfuric acid, 10g/L of peregal and 2g/L of thiourea.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 14 in that: in comparative example 2, no isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, no octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and no sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate were added.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 14 in that: in comparative example 3 no isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether was added.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 differs from example 14 in that: no octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether was added in comparative example 4.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 differs from example 14 in that: in comparative example 5, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was not added.
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 6 differs from example 14 in that: in comparative example 6 no sodium carbonate was added.
Comparative example 7
Comparative example 7 differs from example 14 in that: in comparative example 7 no sodium hydroxide was added.
Performance test
Test I, measurement of oil removing ability
Selecting an iron sheet, polishing the iron sheet smoothly by using sand paper, wiping the polished test piece by using absorbent cotton, cutting the iron sheet into a plurality of test pieces with the same length and width, rinsing the test pieces in the sequence of absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and deionized water, drying and weighing the rinsed test pieces, and recording the weight as m 0 The drying condition is 40 ℃ and the time is 2h; then coating with grease, weighing the grease-bearing test piece, and recording as m 1 . Degreasing the test piece with the degreasing agent in the examples 1-16 and the comparative examples 1-7 at 60 ℃ for 10min, swing rinsing the degreased test piece in deionized water, and drying at 50 DEG CStanding in the box for 1h, taking out and weighing, and recording as m 2 . Calculating the oil removal rate eta of the sample according to a formula:
in the formula:
m 0 -the weight of the unoiled coupon (g);
m 1 -mass (g) of test piece without oil removed after oiling;
m 2 weight of test piece after degreasing (g).
Test two, measurement of hard Water resistance
(1) Preparing standard artificial hard water: 2.740g of CaCO3 and 0.267g of MgO are taken, a proper amount of 2mol/L hydrochloric acid is added for dissolving and drying, a proper amount of deionized water is added for completely dissolving, then the mixture is moved to a 100mL volumetric flask and diluted to the scale by the deionized water, and 10mL of the mixture is moved to a 1000mL volumetric flask and diluted to the scale.
(2) The degreasing agents used in examples 1 to 16 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were mixed with standard hard water at a volume ratio of 1:1 mixing and observing the appearance of the solution, carrying out water bath at 60 ℃ and observing the appearance of the solution, standing to normal temperature and then observing the appearance of the solution. The visual ratings were as follows and the results are recorded in table 5:
A. level 1, the solution is clarified all the time;
B. 2, the solution is turbid only in the heating process and becomes clear after standing to normal temperature;
C. grade 3, the turbidity appeared in the previous 2 observations did not disappear after standing to room temperature.
Test III, test of the flatness of the coating
The plated products prepared in examples 1 to 16 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were used as test specimens, and the test specimens were placed 300mm away from the eyes under sufficient light, and the presence or absence of unevenness was observed, and the results were recorded in table 5.
Test four, test of coating adhesion
On the surface of the electroplating layer, 11 lines of pictures are respectively carved in a longitudinal and transverse parallel mode at intervals of 1mm (the strength is based on the exposure of a matrix), and 100 grids are formed; and covering and pressing tightly with strong transparent adhesive tape, tearing off the adhesive tape rapidly by force (the force direction is as close to 180 degrees as possible), determining that the falling area is less than 5% of the total area of the grids, and recording the result in a table 5.
TABLE 5
It can be seen from the combination of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-7 and from Table 5 that the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and the sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate have good synergistic effect and can achieve better oil removing effect when used together. And the sodium carbonate and the sodium hydroxide have better oil removing effect. Compared with the formula in the comparative example 1, the formula in the example 1 has better cleaning effect, better plating smoothness and stronger plating adhesion.
It can be seen from the combination of examples 1-8 and Table 5 that the addition of the adjuvant provides a better degreasing effect and an enhanced hard water resistance of the degreaser.
As can be seen by combining examples 6-13 with Table 5, the addition of citric acid enhances the degreasing agent's degreasing effect on the surface of the workpiece.
It can be seen from the combination of examples 9-16 and Table 5 that the addition of the buffering agent also enhances the degreasing effect of the degreasing agent on the surface of the workpiece.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (3)
1. A galvanizing process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: hanging, namely hanging the workpiece on a hanging rod (7);
s2: deoiling, namely adding a deoiling agent and water into the deoiling tank body (1), and then immersing the workpiece on the hanging rod (7) into the deoiling tank body
(1) In the liquid in the oil removing tank body (1), the temperature of the liquid in the oil removing tank body (1) is within the range of 55-60 ℃;
s3: washing, namely putting the deoiled workpiece into a washing tank body (11) for washing;
s4: galvanizing, namely electroplating the washed workpiece;
s5: washing with water for the first time, and washing the plated workpiece;
s6: chemical polishing, namely polishing the workpiece subjected to the first water washing;
s7: washing with water for the second time, and washing the polished workpiece;
s8: passivating, namely passivating the workpiece subjected to the second washing;
the oil removing agent comprises
1-2 parts of isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether;
1-2 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether;
2-4 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate;
20-30 parts of ammonium carbonate;
1-2 parts of sodium hydroxide;
60-80 parts of water;
10-15 parts of citric acid;
the oil removing agent also comprises 10-20 parts of an auxiliary agent,
the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
50% -60% of sodium bicarbonate;
20% -25% of sodium gluconate;
EDTA 20％-25％；
the oil remover also comprises 4-8 parts of buffering agent,
the buffering agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
50% -60% of sodium thiosulfate;
20 to 25 percent of sodium metasilicate;
20% -25% of thiourea;
the preparation method of the oil removing agent comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dispersing isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium gluconate, EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid), sodium thiosulfate, sodium metasilicate and thiourea in water, and stirring for 20-30min under the condition that the rotating speed is 800-1000r/min to obtain an oil removing agent A;
step two: citric acid is used as an oil removing agent B;
in the S1-S3, a plurality of first connecting rods (71) are connected to the hanging rod (7), the first connecting rods (71) are located above a workpiece, fan-shaped pieces (72) are connected to the first connecting rods (71), the fan-shaped pieces (72) on the plurality of first connecting rods (71) are sequentially overlapped to form an umbrella cover, when the workpiece is immersed in a de-oiling liquid body, the upper ends of the fan-shaped pieces (72) are located in the de-oiling liquid body, and shielding pieces (73) used for shielding gaps at the upper ends of the umbrella cover are connected to the hanging rod (7); the hanging rod (7) is provided with a supporting component (8) for supporting the first connecting rod (71);
the first connecting rod (71) is hinged to the hanging rod (7), the first connecting rod (71) is hinged to a second connecting rod (74), the supporting assembly (8) comprises a supporting rod (81) and a sliding rod (82), a cavity (83) is formed in the supporting rod (81), the sliding rod (82) is connected in the cavity (83) of the supporting rod (81) in a sliding mode, and liquid with the boiling point within the range of 50-55 ℃ is added into the cavity (83); one end of the support rod (81), which is far away from the sliding rod (82), is connected with the hanging rod (7), and one end of the sliding rod (82), which is far away from the support rod (81), is connected to the second connecting rod (74) in a sliding manner;
the liquid is chloro-tert-butane.
2. A galvanising process according to claim 1, characterised in that: in the S2, the side wall of the oil removal tank body (1) is connected with a feeding pipe (12), water is added into the oil removal tank body (1), then an oil removal agent B is added into the oil removal tank body (1), an oil removal agent A is added into the oil removal tank body (1) from the feeding pipe (12), and the adding speed of the oil removal agent A in the feeding pipe (12) is 0.5-0.7ml/S.
3. A galvanising process according to claim 2, characterised in that: the upper end face of the fan-shaped sheet (72) is coated with a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene.
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| CN111424305A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-07-17 | 太仓市华夏电镀有限公司 | Hanger galvanizing production line and production process thereof |
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| CN112064045A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-11 | 苏州鸿宇工业清洗技术有限公司 | Copper alkaline bright cleaning agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104313622A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-28 | 合肥乾丰润滑科技有限公司 | Normal-temperature water-based non-phosphorus rust-proof cleaning agent for heavy oil |
| CN106567088A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-04-19 | 广东工业大学 | Environmentally friendly industrial heavy oil cleaning agent |
| CN110670079A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-10 | 广州市骏辉环保科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly metal surface degreasing agent and preparation method thereof |
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