CN112746280A - Oil removing agent, preparation process of oil removing agent and galvanizing process - Google Patents
Oil removing agent, preparation process of oil removing agent and galvanizing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112746280A CN112746280A CN202011601274.8A CN202011601274A CN112746280A CN 112746280 A CN112746280 A CN 112746280A CN 202011601274 A CN202011601274 A CN 202011601274A CN 112746280 A CN112746280 A CN 112746280A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/16—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions using inhibitors
- C23G1/18—Organic inhibitors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
Abstract
The application relates to the field of galvanizing, and particularly discloses a degreasing agent, a preparation process of the degreasing agent and a galvanizing process. The degreasing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; 1-2 parts of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether; 2-4 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; 20-30 parts of sodium carbonate; 1-2 parts of sodium hydroxide; 60-80 parts of water. A galvanization process comprises the following steps: hanging, oil removal, water washing, galvanizing, first water washing, chemical polishing, second water washing and passivation. The degreasing agent can be used for reducing oil stains on the surface of metal.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of galvanizing, in particular to a degreasing agent, a preparation process of the degreasing agent and a galvanizing process.
Background
Galvanization refers to a surface treatment technique for plating a layer of zinc on a metal surface to play a role in beauty, rust prevention and the like.
The existing galvanization process generally comprises the following steps:
hanging: hanging the workpiece on a hanger in the direction;
oil removal: firstly, adding oil removing powder and water into a chemical oil removing groove, and then putting the hanger and the workpiece into the chemical oil removing groove together for removing oil;
washing with water: cleaning the oil-removed workpiece twice in a water washing tank;
galvanizing: putting the pretreated workpiece into an electroplating bath for electroplating treatment;
first water washing: putting the plated workpiece into a rinsing bath for rinsing three times;
chemical polishing: placing the workpiece subjected to the first water washing into nitric acid solution with the concentration of 3% and moving for 5 seconds;
and (3) second water washing: putting the polished workpiece into a rinsing bath for rinsing twice;
passivation: and passivating the workpiece, washing for the third time, drying, baking, hanging, inspecting and packaging to obtain a final electroplating product.
With respect to the related art in the above, the inventors consider that: in the related art, the degreasing powder has a poor degreasing effect, and is easy to leave impurities such as greasy dirt on the metal surface, and when more greasy dirt is left on the metal surface, the flatness of an electroplated layer is affected in the electroplating process, and even the electroplated layer may be peeled off.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce oil stains on the surface of metal, the application provides a degreasing agent, a preparation process of the degreasing agent and a galvanizing process.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an oil removal agent, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the degreasing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
by adopting the technical scheme, the sodium hydroxide and the sodium carbonate are jointly used to achieve a better cleaning effect, and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and the octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether have a better synergistic effect, so that the better cleaning effect can be further achieved, and the oil stain on the surface of the metal workpiece is reduced. When the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the sodium carbonate and the sodium hydroxide are used together, the cleaning effect is better within the range of 55-60 ℃, the temperature of the oil removing liquid does not need to be increased to be more than 70 ℃, and the effect of reducing energy consumption is achieved to a certain extent.
Preferably, the oil removing agent also comprises 10-20 parts of an auxiliary agent, and the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
50% -60% of sodium bicarbonate;
20% -25% of sodium gluconate;
EDTA 20％-25％。
by adopting the technical scheme, the sodium gluconate and the EDTA are used as metal chelating agents and are matched with each other to disperse oil stains and impurities on the surface of the workpiece into liquid, so that the oil stain cleaning effect is promoted. Sodium bicarbonate also has a cleaning promoting effect.
Preferably, the oil remover also comprises 10-15 parts by weight of citric acid.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the addition of citric acid can react with sodium hydroxide and generate sodium citrate, and sodium citrate can make hard water soften as a metal complex, reduces the requirement to the internal water that adds of oil groove, can disperse the impurity on the workpiece surface to the aquatic, has the effect of reinforcing cleaning performance. And citric acid can react with sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate to generate sodium citrate and carbon dioxide, and the generated carbon dioxide can promote the oil removing agent to be uniformly dispersed in water of the oil removing tank body to a certain extent.
Preferably, the oil remover also comprises a buffering agent in 4-8 parts, and the buffering agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
50% -60% of sodium thiosulfate;
20 to 25 percent of sodium metasilicate;
20 to 25 percent of thiourea.
By adopting the technical scheme, the corrosivity to metal can be reduced after the sodium thiosulfate, the sodium metasilicate and the thiourea are matched with each other; and after the sodium thiosulfate is matched with the sodium metasilicate, oil contamination impurities on the workpiece can be well dispersed into water, and dirt can be prevented from being adhered to the workpiece again to a certain degree.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation process of an oil removing agent, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of an oil removing agent comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dispersing isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium gluconate, EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid), sodium thiosulfate, sodium metasilicate and thiourea in water, and stirring for 20-30min under the condition that the rotation speed is 800-1000r/min to obtain an oil removing agent A;
step two: citric acid was used as degreasing agent B.
By adopting the technical scheme, the degreasing agent is divided into the degreasing agent A and the degreasing agent B, so that substances of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate which react with citric acid and citric acid can be separately stored and added, the loss of the sodium hydroxide, the sodium carbonate, the sodium bicarbonate and the citric acid in the storage process can be reduced, and the treatment of greasy dirt on a workpiece by the degreasing agent is further ensured.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a galvanizing process, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a galvanizing process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: hanging, namely hanging the workpiece on a hanging rod;
s2: removing oil, namely adding an oil removing agent and water into an oil removing tank body, and then soaking the workpiece on the hanging rod into liquid in the oil removing tank body, wherein the temperature of the liquid in the oil removing tank body is within the range of 55-60 ℃;
s3: washing, namely putting the deoiled workpiece into a washing tank body for washing;
s4: galvanizing, namely electroplating the washed workpiece;
s5: washing with water for the first time, and washing the plated workpiece;
s6: chemical polishing, namely polishing the workpiece subjected to the first water washing;
s7: washing with water for the second time, and washing the polished workpiece;
s8: and passivating, namely passivating the workpiece subjected to the second washing.
By adopting the technical scheme, the temperature of the liquid added in the oil removing tank body is 55-60 ℃, and the oil removing agent has a good treatment effect on the oil stains on the surface of the workpiece after being added into the oil removing tank body in the temperature range.
Preferably, in S2, the sidewall of the oil removing tank body is connected to a feed pipe, water is first added to the oil removing tank body, then the oil removing agent B is added to the oil removing tank body, and then the oil removing agent a is added to the oil removing tank body from the feed pipe, wherein the rate of addition of the oil removing agent a in the feed pipe is 0.5 to 0.7 ml/S.
By adopting the technical scheme, after water is added into the oil removing tank body, citric acid serving as an oil removing B agent is added into the oil removing tank body, then the oil removing A agent is added into the oil removing tank body from the feeding pipe, sodium hydroxide in the oil removing A agent reacts with the citric acid to generate sodium citrate, and the sodium citrate serves as a metal complex compound, so that hard water can be softened, the requirement on the water added into the oil removing tank body is reduced, impurities on the surface of a workpiece can be dispersed into the water, and the cleaning effect is enhanced; and sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate in the oil removing agent A react with sodium citrate to generate sodium citrate and carbon dioxide gas, and the generation of the carbon dioxide gas can promote the oil removing agent A and the oil removing agent B to be uniformly dispersed in water in the oil removing tank body to a certain extent. Meanwhile, an oil removing agent B is added into water in the oil storage tank body to enable citric acid to be well dispersed in the water, and then an oil removing agent A is added into the oil removing tank body from a feeding pipe at the side wall of the oil removing tank body to enable the oil removing agent A to be in good contact with the citric acid, and enable sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate to be in good contact with the citric acid.
Preferably, in S1-S3, the hanging rod is connected with a plurality of first connecting rods, the first connecting rods are located above the workpiece, the first connecting rods are connected with fan-shaped pieces, the fan-shaped pieces on the first connecting rods are sequentially overlapped to form the umbrella cover, when the workpiece is immersed in the oil removing liquid, the upper ends of the fan-shaped pieces are located in the oil removing liquid, and the hanging rod is connected with a shielding piece for shielding a gap at the upper end of the umbrella cover; the hanging rod is provided with a supporting component for supporting the first connecting rod.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, fan-shaped piece on the many head rods overlaps in proper order and forms the umbrella face after setting up to the umbrella face is located the work piece top, and the head rods supports through supporting component. A large amount of foams often can appear when deoiling the processing to the work piece, and fan-shaped piece overlap forms the umbrella face, and fan-shaped piece is located the work piece top, and when the work piece got into the washing cell body from the deoiling cell body, the umbrella face that fan-shaped piece formed can take out the foam of work piece top, reduces the foam of adhesion on the work piece, and then reduces the foam that gets into in the washing cell body, reduces the number of times of changing the internal liquid of washing cell to a certain extent.
Preferably, the first connecting rod is hinged to the hanging rod, the second connecting rod is hinged to the first connecting rod, the supporting assembly comprises a supporting rod and a sliding rod, a cavity is formed in the supporting rod, the sliding rod is connected in the cavity of the supporting rod in a sliding mode, and liquid with a boiling point within a range of 50-55 ℃ is added in the cavity; the one end that the slide bar was kept away from to the bracing piece is connected with the peg, the slide bar is kept away from the one end of bracing piece and is slided and connect on the second connecting rod.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the hanging rod is not immersed in the oil removing groove body, the supporting rod and the sliding rod are in contact with indoor air, the temperature of the indoor air is less than 50 ℃, liquid is still in the cavity, the height of the sliding rod is low, the fan-shaped pieces are in a furled state, when the hanging rod and a workpiece on the hanging rod are stretched into the oil removing liquid body, foam adhered to the lower ends of the fan-shaped pieces can be reduced, and then the foam reduced to be adhered to the lower ends of the fan-shaped pieces drops onto the workpiece when the subsequent hanging rod takes out the oil removing liquid. When the workpiece is immersed in the degreasing liquid, the temperature of liquid in the degreasing liquid tank is within the range of 55-60 ℃, the liquid in the cavity is boiled, the liquid in the cavity is vaporized into gas, the air pressure in the cavity is increased, the slide bar slides upwards, the second connecting rod is driven to rotate, and the second connecting rod props up the first connecting rod to form an umbrella cover; after the workpiece is deoiled, the workpiece is taken out of the deoiling liquid body, and the umbrella fabric can take out foams above the workpiece, so that the foams adhered to the workpiece are reduced. When the work piece is washed to needs, slide the frame to washing cell body top, bracing piece and slide bar and indoor air contact this moment, make the temperature of bracing piece descend, liquid in the bracing piece meets cold reliquefaction to liquid, make the atmospheric pressure in the bracing piece cavity reduce, make the slide bar move down, drive the second connecting rod and rotate, make the head rod rotate to the direction that is close to the peg, make the fan-shaped piece draw in, when stretching into the washing cell body with work piece on peg and the peg, reduce the buoyancy that the fan-shaped piece received.
Preferably, the upper end face of the fan-shaped piece is coated with a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the coating one deck polytetrafluoroethylene on the fan-shaped piece upper end terminal surface, polytetrafluoroethylene coating has the characteristics that coefficient of friction is little, enables the foam of adhesion on the fan-shaped piece upper end terminal surface and follows fan-shaped piece length direction landing rapidly, reduces the foam of adhesion on the fan-shaped piece upper end terminal surface, and when follow-up peg stretched into the wash bowl in vivo, can reduce the foam that gets into in the wash bowl, and then reduced the number of times that the internal liquid of wash bowl was changed.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the sodium hydroxide and the sodium carbonate are used together to achieve a good cleaning effect, and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and the octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether have good synergistic effects, so that the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate cleaning agent can further achieve a good cleaning effect, and reduce oil stains on the surface of a metal workpiece. When the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the sodium carbonate and the sodium hydroxide are used together, the cleaning effect is better within the range of 55-60 ℃, the temperature of the oil removing liquid does not need to be increased to be more than 70 ℃, and the effect of reducing energy consumption is achieved to a certain extent.
2. The sodium thiosulfate, the sodium metasilicate and the thiourea can reduce the corrosivity to metal after being matched with each other; and after the sodium thiosulfate is matched with the sodium metasilicate, oil contamination impurities on the workpiece can be well dispersed into water, and dirt can be prevented from being adhered to the workpiece again to a certain degree.
3. The fan-shaped pieces on the first connecting rods are sequentially overlapped to form an umbrella cover, the umbrella cover is positioned above the workpiece, and the first connecting rods are supported through the supporting component. A large amount of foams often can appear when deoiling the processing to the work piece, and fan-shaped piece overlap forms the umbrella face, and fan-shaped piece is located the work piece top, and when the work piece got into the washing cell body from the deoiling cell body, the umbrella face that fan-shaped piece formed can take out the foam of work piece top, reduces the foam of adhesion on the work piece, and then reduces the foam that gets into in the washing cell body, reduces the number of times of changing the internal liquid of washing cell to a certain extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method provided herein;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an oil removal tank and a water washing tank in examples 1 to 16 and comparative examples 1 to 7 of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the drive assembly of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the cloth rail of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod after a portion of the fan-shaped piece is hidden.
Description of reference numerals: 1. an oil removal tank body; 11. washing the tank body with water; 12. a feed tube; 2. a heating box; 21. a liquid outlet pipe; 22. a first pump; 23. a liquid inlet pipe; 24. a second pump; 31. a dovetail groove; 32. a sealing block; 33. a groove; 4. a frame; 41. a dovetail block; 42. a lifting rod; 5. a drive assembly; 51. a roller; 52. a connecting rod; 53. a first gear; 54. a second gear; 55. a drive motor; 6. a lifting assembly; 61. a slider; 62. a lead screw; 63. a chute; 64. rotating the motor; 7. a hanging rod; 71. a first connecting rod; 72. a fan-shaped sheet; 73. a shielding sheet; 74. a second connecting rod; 8. a support assembly; 81. a support bar; 82. a slide bar; 83. a cavity.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples.
The material raw material sources are as follows:
the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is selected from isomeric dodecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether of Nantong Runfeng petrochemical company Limited;
the polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether is selected from Shandong' an mi chemical technology Co., Ltd;
the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is selected from sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 60 of Nanjing Kanier science and technology Limited liability company;
the sodium carbonate is selected from Wenzhou Giraffe chemical Co., Ltd;
the sodium hydroxide is selected from Tong Ying Longxing chemical industry, Inc.;
the sodium bicarbonate is selected from Wenzhou Giraffe chemical Co., Ltd;
the sodium gluconate is selected from Shandong Fuyang Biotech Co., Ltd;
EDTA is selected from Centario chemical Co., Ltd;
the citric acid is selected from Shanghai Jinjinle industry Co., Ltd;
the sodium thiosulfate is selected from chemical science and technology limited of flourishing Anhui;
the sodium metasilicate is selected from Fengdang chemical import and export Limited liability company in the city of peony river;
the thiourea is selected from Fengdian chemical import and export Limited liability company in the city of peony river;
the chlorinated tert-butane is selected from Shanghai Jinconyu Kogyo Co.
Examples
Examples 1 to 5
The preparation process of the oil removing agent comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dispersing isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide in water, and stirring at the rotation speed of 900r/min for 25min to obtain the oil A removing agent.
In examples 1 to 5, the added parts by weight of the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, the sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, the sodium carbonate, the sodium hydroxide and the water are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Examples 6 to 8
Examples 6-8 differ from example 1 in that: examples 6-8 in step one, an adjuvant was added.
The preparation process of the oil removing agent comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dispersing isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium gluconate and EDTA in water, and stirring at the rotation speed of 900r/min for 25min to obtain the oil A removing agent.
The weight parts of the additives in examples 6 to 8 and the weight percentages of the components in the additives are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
Examples 9 to 13
Examples 9-13 differ from example 6 in that: citric acid was added in examples 9-13.
The method comprises the following steps: dispersing isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium gluconate and EDTA in water, and stirring at the rotation speed of 900r/min for 25min to obtain an oil removing agent A;
step two: citric acid was used as degreasing agent B.
The parts by weight of citric acid added in examples 9-13 are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
Examples 14 to 16
Examples 14-16 differ from example 9 in that: the first step of examples 14-16 was the addition of a buffer.
The method comprises the following steps: dispersing isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium gluconate, EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid), sodium thiosulfate, sodium metasilicate and thiourea in water, and stirring at the rotation speed of 900r/min for 25min to obtain an oil removing agent A;
step two: citric acid was used as degreasing agent B.
The weight parts of the added buffer in examples 14-16, the weight percentages of each component in the buffer are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4
The galvanizing process of examples 1-16 is the same, referring to fig. 1, and includes the following steps:
s1: hanging, namely hanging the workpiece on a hanging rod 7;
s2: degreasing, namely adding water into a degreasing tank body 1, and then adding a degreasing B agent into the degreasing tank body 1, wherein the addition amount of the degreasing B agent is 10 g/L; and then adding an oil removing agent A into the oil removing tank body 1 from the feed pipe 12, wherein the adding speed of the oil removing agent A is 0.6ml/s, and the adding amount of the oil removing agent A is 20 ml/L. Then, immersing the workpiece on the hanging rod 7 into the liquid in the oil removal tank body 1, wherein the temperature of the liquid in the oil removal tank body 1 is 60 ℃;
s3: washing, namely putting the workpiece subjected to oil removal into a washing tank body 11 for washing twice, wherein the temperature of water during the first washing is 55 ℃, and the temperature of water during the second washing is 25 ℃;
s4: galvanizing, namely putting the workpiece processed by S3 into a plating bath, adjusting the current density to be 2A/dm3, the temperature to be 25 ℃, and the plating time to be 10min, and electroplating the washed workpiece;
s5: washing the plated workpiece for 3 times;
s6: chemical polishing, namely putting the workpiece subjected to the first water washing into a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 3% for polishing;
s7: washing for the second time, wherein the polished workpiece is washed for 2 times;
s8: and passivating, namely passivating the workpiece subjected to the second washing, and then washing, drying, baking, hanging, inspecting and packaging to obtain a final electroplating product.
The hanging rod 7, the oil removal tank body 1 and the washing tank body 11 are used in S1-S3, and the specific structures of the oil removal tank body 1, the washing tank body 11 and the hanging rod 7 are as follows.
Referring to fig. 2, the oil removal tank body 1 and the washing tank body 11 are both rectangular, the oil removal tank body 1 is fixedly connected with the washing tank body 11, the oil removal tank body 1 and the washing tank body 11 are in the same length direction, an oil removal agent for removing oil stains on the surface of a workpiece is added into the oil removal tank body 1, and water is added into the washing tank body 11.
Referring to fig. 2, a feed pipe 11 for adding an oil removing agent a is fixedly connected to the side wall of the oil removing tank body 1. A liquid outlet pipe 21 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the oil removal tank body 1, the liquid outlet pipe 21 is communicated with the inside of the oil removal tank body 1, a heating box 2 is fixedly connected to one end, away from the oil removal tank body 1, of the liquid outlet pipe 21, and a plurality of electric heating pipes (not shown in the figures of the electric heating pipes) for heating liquid are arranged in the heating box 2. The liquid outlet pipe 21 conveys the liquid in the oil removing tank body 1 to the heating box 2 through the first pump 22.
Referring to fig. 2, a liquid inlet pipe 23 is fixedly connected to the heating box 2, one end of the liquid inlet pipe 23, which is far away from the heating box 2, is fixedly connected to the oil removal tank body 1, and the liquid inlet pipe 23 is communicated with the inside of the oil removal tank body 1. The liquid inlet pipe 23 conveys the heated liquid in the heating box 2 to the oil removing tank body 1 through a second pump 24. The temperature of the liquid in the oil removing tank body 1 is within 60 ℃.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the degreasing bath body 1 and the washing bath body 11 are slidably connected with a frame 4. The oil removal tank body 1 and the water washing tank body 11 are provided with dovetail grooves 31 which are arranged along the length direction after the oil removal tank body 1 and the water washing tank body 11 are combined, the rack 4 is fixedly connected with dovetail blocks 41, and the dovetail blocks 41 are connected in the dovetail grooves 31 in a sliding mode. The end parts of the two ends of the dovetail groove 31 are fixedly connected with a sealing block 32 through bolts.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a driving assembly 5 for driving the frame 4 to slide is disposed on the frame 4, the driving assembly 5 includes a roller 51 and a connecting rod 52, the connecting rod 52 is rotatably connected to the frame 4, and a length direction of the connecting rod 52 is parallel to a length direction of the frame 4. The number of the rollers 51 is two, and the two rollers 51 are respectively coaxially and fixedly connected to two ends of the connecting rod 52. Grooves 33 are formed in the oil removal tank body 1 and the water washing tank body 11, the length direction of each groove 33 is parallel to the length direction of the dovetail groove 31, and the rollers 51 roll in the grooves 33.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a first gear 53 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the connecting rod 52, a second gear 54 is rotatably connected to the frame 4, the second gear 54 is engaged with the first gear 53, a driving motor 55 is fixedly connected to the frame 4, and an output shaft of the driving motor 55 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second gear 54.
Referring to fig. 3, the frame 4 is provided with a lifting rod 42 sliding along the vertical direction, the frame 4 is provided with a lifting assembly 6 driving the lifting rod 42 to lift, the lifting assembly 6 comprises a sliding block 61 and a lead screw 62, sliding grooves 63 are formed in two ends of the frame 4 in the length direction, the sliding grooves 63 are vertically arranged, the lead screw 62 is rotatably connected to the frame 4, the lead screw 62 is located in the sliding grooves 63, and the upper end of the lead screw 62 penetrates out of the frame 4. The two ends of the rack 4 in the length direction are fixedly connected with a rotating motor 64, and the upper end of the lead screw 62 penetrates out of the rack 4 to be coaxially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of the rotating motor 64.
Referring to fig. 3, two blocks 61 are provided, the two blocks 61 are slidably connected in the sliding groove 63 along the vertical direction, and the two blocks 61 are respectively fixedly connected with two ends of the lifting rod 42 (wherein the fixed connection may be through a bolt).
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, a hanging rod 7 for hanging a workpiece is fixedly connected to the lifting rod 42.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, a plurality of first connecting rods 71 are hinged to the hanging rod 7, the first connecting rods 71 are located above the workpiece, fan-shaped pieces 72 are fixedly connected to the first connecting rods 71, and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene is coated on the upper end faces of the fan-shaped pieces 72. The fan-shaped pieces 72 on the first connecting rods 71 are sequentially overlapped to form the umbrella cover. When the workpiece is immersed in the degreasing liquid body for degreasing treatment, the upper end of the fan-shaped piece 72 is located in the degreasing liquid body, the workpiece is located below the umbrella cover, and the orthographic projection of the workpiece is located in the orthographic projection of the umbrella cover. The hanging rod 7 is fixedly connected with a shielding piece 73 for shielding the gap at the upper end of the umbrella cover.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the first connecting rod 71 is hinged to a second connecting rod 74. The hanging rod 7 is provided with a supporting component 8 for supporting the first connecting rod 71, and the supporting component 8 comprises a supporting rod 81 and a sliding rod 82. The supporting rod 81 is fixedly connected to the hanging rod 7, a cavity 83 is formed in the supporting rod 81, the sliding rod 82 is connected to the cavity 83 of the supporting rod 81 in a sliding mode, and chlorinated tert-butane with the boiling point of 51-52 ℃ is added into the cavity 83. The upper end of the sliding rod 82 extends out of the supporting rod 81, and the upper end of the sliding rod 82 is hinged with the second connecting rod 74.
The use mode is as follows:
the first pump 22 is started to enable liquid in the oil removal tank body 1 to enter the heating box 2 through the liquid outlet pipe 21, the heating box 2 heats the liquid, the second pump 24 is started to enable the heated liquid in the heating box 2 to enter the oil removal tank body 1 again through the liquid inlet pipe 23, and the temperature of the liquid in the oil removal tank body 1 is enabled to be between 55 ℃.
The workpiece is hung on the hanging rod 7, at the moment, the supporting rod 81 and the sliding rod 82 are in contact with indoor air, the temperature of the indoor air is less than 50 ℃, the cavity 83 is still liquid, the height of the sliding rod 82 is low, and the fan-shaped pieces 72 are in a folded state.
When oil removal treatment is needed, the driving motor 55 is turned on to drive the second gear 54 to rotate, the second gear 54 rotates to drive the first gear 53 to rotate, the first gear 53 rotates to drive the connecting rod 52 to rotate, the connecting rod 52 rotates to drive the roller 51 to rotate, and the roller 51 rotates to drive the rack 4 to slide until the rack 4 slides to the upper part of the oil removal tank body 1. Then the lifting rod 42 is driven to descend, the two rotating motors 64 are synchronously started, the rotating motors 64 drive the lead screw 62 to rotate, the lead screw 62 rotates to drive the sliding block 61 to descend, the sliding block 61 descends to drive the lifting rod 42 to descend, the lifting rod 42 descends to drive the hanging rod 7 to descend, the hanging rod 7 descends to enable the workpiece on the hanging rod 7 to be immersed into the oil removal tank body 1, and oil removal treatment is carried out on the workpiece.
When a workpiece is immersed in the degreasing liquid, the temperature of the liquid in the degreasing tank body 1 is within 60 ℃, the chlorinated tert-butane in the cavity 83 is boiled, the chlorinated tert-butane in the cavity 83 is vaporized into gas, the air pressure in the cavity 83 is increased, the sliding rod 82 slides upwards to drive the second connecting rod 74 to rotate, and the second connecting rod 74 stretches the first connecting rod 71 to form the umbrella cover.
When water washing treatment is required, firstly, the two rotating motors 64 are synchronously turned on, so that the rotating motors 64 drive the lead screw 62 to rotate reversely, the lead screw 62 rotates reversely to drive the slide block 61 to ascend, the slide block 61 ascends to drive the lifting rod 42 to ascend, the lifting rod 42 ascends to drive the hanging rod 7 to ascend, and the hanging rod 7 and workpieces on the hanging rod 7 are taken out of the oil removal tank body 1; the driving motor 55 is turned on, the driving motor 55 drives the second gear 54 to rotate, the second gear 54 drives the first gear 53 to rotate, the first gear 53 drives the connecting rod 52 to rotate, the connecting rod 52 drives the roller 51 to rotate, the roller 51 drives the rack 4 to slide until the rack 4 slides to the upper part of the washing tank body 11, and the two rotating motors 64 are turned on synchronously again to enable the sliding block 61 to drive the lifting rod 42 to descend, so that the hanging rod 7 and the workpiece on the hanging rod 7 are immersed in the liquid in the washing tank body 11.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that: the formulation of the oil remover used in comparative example 1 was different.
The used oil removing agent formula is as follows:
120g/L of sulfuric acid, 10g/L of peregal and 2g/L of thiourea.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 14 in that: in comparative example 2, no isomerous alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate were added.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 14 in that: in comparative example 3 no isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether was added.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 differs from example 14 in that: no octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether was added in comparative example 4.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 differs from example 14 in that: in comparative example 5, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was not added.
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 6 differs from example 14 in that: in comparative example 6 no sodium carbonate was added.
Comparative example 7
Comparative example 7 differs from example 14 in that: in comparative example 7 no sodium hydroxide was added.
Performance test
Test I, measurement of oil removing ability
Selecting an iron sheet, polishing the iron sheet smoothly by using sand paper, wiping the polished test piece by using absorbent cotton, cutting the iron sheet into a plurality of test pieces with the same length and width, rinsing the test pieces in the sequence of absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and deionized water, drying and weighing the rinsed test pieces, and recording the weight as m0The drying condition is 40 ℃ and the time is 2 hours; then coating with grease, weighing the grease-bearing test piece, and recording as m1. Degreasing the test piece for 10min at the temperature of 60 ℃ by using the degreasing agents in the examples 1-16 and the comparative examples 1-7, carrying out swing rinsing on the degreased test piece in deionized water, standing the test piece for 1h in a drying box at the temperature of 50 ℃, taking out and weighing the test piece, and recording the weight m2. Calculating the oil removal rate eta of the sample according to a formula:
in the formula:
m0-the weight of the unoiled coupon (g);
m1-mass (g) of test pieces not degreased after oiling;
m2-test piece weight after degreasing (g).
Test two, measurement of hard Water resistance
(1) Preparing standard artificial hard water: 2.740g of CaCO3 and 0.267g of MgO are taken, an appropriate amount of 2mol/L hydrochloric acid is added for dissolving and drying, an appropriate amount of deionized water is added for complete dissolving, then the solution is moved to a 100mL volumetric flask and diluted to a scale by the deionized water, and 10mL of the solution is taken and moved to a 1000mL volumetric flask and diluted to the scale.
(2) The degreaser used in examples 1 to 16 and comparative examples 1 to 7 was used as a sample to be mixed with standard hard water in a volume ratio of 1: 1 mixing and observing the appearance of the solution, carrying out water bath at 60 ℃ and observing the appearance of the solution, standing to normal temperature and then observing the appearance of the solution. The visual ratings were as follows and the results are recorded in table 5:
A. level 1, the solution is clarified all the time;
B. 2, the solution is turbid only in the heating process and becomes clear after standing to normal temperature;
C. grade 3, the turbidity appearing in the first 2 observations did not disappear after standing to room temperature.
Test III, test of the flatness of the coating
The plated products obtained in examples 1 to 16 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were used as test specimens, and the test specimens were placed 300mm away from the eyes under a sufficient light environment, and the presence or absence of unevenness was observed and the results were recorded in table 5.
Test four, test of coating adhesion
On the surface of the electroplating layer, 11 lines of pictures are respectively carved in a longitudinal and transverse parallel mode at intervals of 1mm (the strength is based on the exposure of a matrix), and 100 grids are formed; the paper was covered and pressed tightly with strong transparent gummed paper, and then the gummed paper was torn off rapidly with force (the direction of force was as close to 180 ° as possible), and the area that fell off was less than 5% of the total area of the grid as qualified, and the results were recorded in table 5.
TABLE 5
It can be seen from the combination of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-7 and from Table 5 that the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and the sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate have good synergistic effect and can achieve better oil removing effect when used together. And the sodium carbonate and the sodium hydroxide have better oil removing effect. Compared with the formula in the comparative example 1, the formula in the example 1 has better cleaning effect, better plating smoothness and stronger plating adhesion.
It can be seen from the combination of examples 1-8 and Table 5 that the addition of the adjuvant provides a better degreasing effect and an enhanced hard water resistance of the degreaser.
As can be seen by combining examples 6-13 with Table 5, the addition of citric acid enhances the degreasing agent's degreasing effect on the surface of the workpiece.
It can be seen from the combination of examples 9-16 and Table 5 that the addition of the buffering agent also enhances the degreasing effect of the degreasing agent on the surface of the workpiece.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The oil removing agent is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
2. an oil remover according to claim 1, wherein: the oil remover also comprises 10-20 parts of an auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
50% -60% of sodium bicarbonate;
20% -25% of sodium gluconate;
EDTA 20％-25％。
3. an oil remover according to claim 2, wherein: the oil remover also comprises 10-15 parts by weight of citric acid.
4. An oil remover according to claim 1, wherein: the oil remover also comprises 4-8 parts of a buffering agent, wherein the buffering agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
50% -60% of sodium thiosulfate;
20 to 25 percent of sodium metasilicate;
20 to 25 percent of thiourea.
5. The preparation process of the oil removing agent is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dispersing isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium gluconate, EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid), sodium thiosulfate, sodium metasilicate and thiourea in water, and stirring for 20-30min under the condition that the rotation speed is 800-1000r/min to obtain an oil removing agent A;
step two: citric acid was used as degreasing agent B.
6. A galvanizing process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: hanging, namely hanging the workpiece on a hanging rod (7);
s2: degreasing, namely adding a degreasing agent and water into a degreasing tank body (1), and then immersing the workpiece on the hanging rod (7) into liquid in the degreasing tank body (1), wherein the temperature of the liquid in the degreasing tank body (1) is within the range of 55-60 ℃;
s3: washing, namely putting the deoiled workpiece into a washing tank body (11) for washing;
s4: galvanizing, namely electroplating the washed workpiece;
s5: washing with water for the first time, and washing the plated workpiece;
s6: chemical polishing, namely polishing the workpiece subjected to the first water washing;
s7: washing with water for the second time, and washing the polished workpiece;
s8: and passivating, namely passivating the workpiece subjected to the second washing.
7. The galvanizing process according to claim 6, wherein: in the S2, the side wall of the oil removal tank body (1) is connected with a feed pipe (12), water is added into the oil removal tank body (1), then an oil removal agent B is added into the oil removal tank body (1), then an oil removal agent A is added into the oil removal tank body (1) from the feed pipe (12), and the adding speed of the oil removal agent A in the feed pipe (12) is 0.5-0.7 ml/S.
8. The galvanizing process according to claim 6, wherein: in the step S1-S3, a plurality of first connecting rods (71) are connected to the hanging rod (7), the first connecting rods (71) are located above a workpiece, fan-shaped pieces (72) are connected to the first connecting rods (71), the fan-shaped pieces (72) on the first connecting rods (71) are sequentially overlapped to form an umbrella cover, when the workpiece is immersed in the oil removing liquid, the upper ends of the fan-shaped pieces (72) are located in the oil removing liquid, and a shielding piece (73) used for shielding a gap at the upper end of the umbrella cover is connected to the hanging rod (7); the hanging rod (7) is provided with a supporting component (8) for supporting the first connecting rod (71).
9. The galvanizing process according to claim 8, wherein: the first connecting rod (71) is hinged to the hanging rod (7), the first connecting rod (71) is hinged to a second connecting rod (74), the supporting assembly (8) comprises a supporting rod (81) and a sliding rod (82), a cavity (83) is formed in the supporting rod (81), the sliding rod (82) is connected in the cavity (83) of the supporting rod (81) in a sliding mode, and liquid with the boiling point within the range of 50-55 ℃ is added into the cavity (83); the one end that slide bar (82) were kept away from in bracing piece (81) is connected with peg (7), slide bar (82) keep away from the one end of bracing piece (81) and slide and connect on second connecting rod (74).
10. The galvanizing process according to claim 8, wherein: the upper end face of the fan-shaped sheet (72) is coated with a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene.
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| CN111424305A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-07-17 | 太仓市华夏电镀有限公司 | Hanger galvanizing production line and production process thereof |
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| CN104313622A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-28 | 合肥乾丰润滑科技有限公司 | Normal-temperature water-based non-phosphorus rust-proof cleaning agent for heavy oil |
| CN106567088A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-04-19 | 广东工业大学 | Environmentally friendly industrial heavy oil cleaning agent |
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