CN112746151A - Normalizing heat treatment process for 50SiMn forging - Google Patents
Normalizing heat treatment process for 50SiMn forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN112746151A CN112746151A CN202011608937.9A CN202011608937A CN112746151A CN 112746151 A CN112746151 A CN 112746151A CN 202011608937 A CN202011608937 A CN 202011608937A CN 112746151 A CN112746151 A CN 112746151A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a normalizing heat treatment process for a 50SiMn forging, which comprises the following steps of: step (1): selecting a 3t steel ingot sawing machine for blanking, heating the steel ingot sawing machine in a furnace to 1180 ℃, performing initial forging at 1180 ℃, performing upsetting forming after two upsetting and two drawing processes at the final forging temperature of 850 ℃, wherein the forging ratio is more than 5, performing sand cooling after forging, and removing unqualified forgings through ultrasonic flaw detection; step (2): raising the temperature of the processed forging to 740 and 760 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, and preserving the temperature for 2-3 h; and (3): heating the processed forging to 825-; and (4): taking out the processed forging and air-cooling to room temperature; the invention can improve the compactness of the forging blank structure, is beneficial to refining crystal grains, and greatly improves the machining performance of the forging by rapidly heating for the second time, wherein the grain size of the forging is 5-6 grade.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging, in particular to a normalizing heat treatment process for a 50SiMn forging.
Background
The 50SiMn steel has medium carbon content and hardenability superior to carbon steel, the added alloy elements Si and Mn can greatly improve the wear resistance, and the alloy is widely used as parts for producing wheels and the like in the heavy machinery industry, but the 50SiMn alloy has relatively low content and weak capability of inhibiting the growth of crystal grains, and after forging, slow cooling is needed to reduce the hardness and internal stress to meet the requirement of mechanical processing, the slow cooling supercooling degree is small, the growth tendency of the crystal grains is large, and particularly, the coarse grain probability is large for large-section forgings.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a normalizing heat treatment process for a 50SiMn forging, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical means:
a normalizing heat treatment process for a 50SiMn forging comprises the following steps:
step (1): selecting a 3t steel ingot sawing machine for blanking, heating the steel ingot sawing machine in a furnace to 1180 ℃, performing initial forging at 1180 ℃, performing upsetting forming after two upsetting and two drawing processes at the final forging temperature of 850 ℃, wherein the forging ratio is more than 5, performing sand cooling after forging, and removing unqualified forgings through ultrasonic flaw detection;
step (2): raising the temperature of the processed forging to 740 and 760 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, and preserving the temperature for 2-3 h;
and (3): heating the processed forging to 825-;
and (4): and taking out the forged piece after the treatment, and air-cooling to room temperature.
Further, in the step (2), the temperature of the processed forging is raised to 750 ℃ at a speed of less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, and the temperature is kept for 3 h.
Further, in the step (3), the temperature of the processed forging is increased to 830 ℃ at a speed of more than or equal to 2 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 6 h.
Further, in the step (2), the heat preservation time is calculated by preserving heat for 2h every 100mm of the effective section thickness of the forge piece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the processing technology reduces the binding force among metal atoms, reduces the critical shearing stress of metal slippage, improves the high-temperature deformation capacity of the forge piece, carries out upsetting forming after two upsetting and two drawing, has a forging ratio of more than 5, can improve the compactness of the forging blank structure, is favorable for refining crystal grains, has the forging grain size of 5-6 grades through metallographic analysis, and has the advantages that the forging structure is uniform fine pearlite and a small amount of bainite plus carbide, the mechanical processing performance of the forge piece is greatly improved through rapid secondary heating, the forgeability of the 50SiMn alloy is improved, and tissue preparation is made for final heat treatment.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process steps of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the following examples:
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The invention relates to a method for preparing a composite material, which comprises the following steps: see the drawings.
In this embodiment, a normalizing heat treatment process for a 50SiMn forging includes the following steps:
step (1): selecting a 3t steel ingot sawing machine for blanking, heating the steel ingot sawing machine in a furnace to 1180 ℃, performing initial forging at 1180 ℃, performing upsetting forming after two upsetting and two drawing processes at the final forging temperature of 850 ℃, wherein the forging ratio is more than 5, performing sand cooling after forging, and removing unqualified forgings through ultrasonic flaw detection;
step (2): raising the temperature of the processed forging to 740 and 760 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, and preserving the temperature for 2-3 h;
and (3): heating the processed forging to 825-;
and (4): and taking out the forged piece after the treatment, and air-cooling to room temperature.
Further, in the step (2), the temperature of the processed forging is raised to 750 ℃ at a speed of less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, and the temperature is kept for 3 h.
Further, in the step (3), the temperature of the processed forging is increased to 830 ℃ at a speed of more than or equal to 2 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 6 h.
Further, in the step (2), the heat preservation time is calculated by preserving heat for 2h every 100mm of the effective section thickness of the forge piece.
Example 1
A normalizing heat treatment process for a 50SiMn forging comprises the following steps:
step (1): selecting a 3t steel ingot sawing machine for blanking, heating the steel ingot sawing machine in a furnace to 1180 ℃, performing initial forging at 1180 ℃, performing upsetting forming after two upsetting and two drawing processes at the final forging temperature of 850 ℃, wherein the forging ratio is 5.2, performing sand cooling after forging, and removing unqualified forgings through ultrasonic flaw detection;
step (2): raising the temperature of the processed forging to 760 ℃ at a speed of 75 ℃/h, and preserving the heat for 2.5 h;
and (3): heating the processed forging to 828 ℃ at the speed of 2.3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 5.8 hours;
and (4): and taking out the forged piece after the treatment, and air-cooling to room temperature.
Example 2
A normalizing heat treatment process for a 50SiMn forging comprises the following steps:
step (1): selecting a 3t steel ingot sawing machine for blanking, heating the steel ingot sawing machine in a furnace to 1180 ℃, performing initial forging at 1180 ℃, performing upsetting forming after two upsetting and two drawing processes at the final forging temperature of 850 ℃, wherein the forging ratio is 5.2, performing sand cooling after forging, and removing unqualified forgings through ultrasonic flaw detection;
step (2): heating the processed forging piece to 750 ℃ at the speed of less than or equal to 75 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 2.5 h;
and (3): heating the processed forging to 828 ℃ at the speed of 2.3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 6 h;
and (4): taking out the processed forging and air-cooling to room temperature
Example 3
A normalizing heat treatment process for a 50SiMn forging comprises the following steps:
step (1): selecting a 3t steel ingot sawing machine for blanking, heating the steel ingot sawing machine in a furnace to 1180 ℃, performing initial forging at 1180 ℃, performing upsetting forming after two upsetting and two drawing processes at the final forging temperature of 850 ℃, wherein the forging ratio is 5.5, performing sand cooling after forging, and removing unqualified forgings through ultrasonic flaw detection;
step (2): heating the processed forging to 750 ℃ at a speed of 70 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 3 h;
and (3): heating the processed forging to 830 ℃ at the speed of 2.5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 6 hours;
and (4): taking out the processed forging and air-cooling to room temperature
Example 4
A normalizing heat treatment process for a 50SiMn forging comprises the following steps:
step (1): selecting a 3t steel ingot sawing machine for blanking, heating the steel ingot sawing machine in a furnace to 1180 ℃, performing initial forging at 1180 ℃, performing upsetting forming after two upsetting and two drawing processes at the final forging temperature of 850 ℃, wherein the forging ratio is 5.5, performing sand cooling after forging, and removing unqualified forgings through ultrasonic flaw detection;
step (2): heating the processed forging piece to 750 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 70 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 3 h;
and (3): heating the processed forging to 830 ℃ at a speed of 3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 6 h;
and (4): taking out the processed forging and air-cooling to room temperature
Example 5
A normalizing heat treatment process for a 50SiMn forging comprises the following steps:
step (1): selecting a 3t steel ingot sawing machine for blanking, heating the steel ingot sawing machine in a furnace to 1180 ℃, performing initial forging at 1180 ℃, performing upsetting forming after two upsetting and two drawing processes at the final forging temperature of 850 ℃, wherein the forging ratio is 5.5, performing sand cooling after forging, and removing unqualified forgings through ultrasonic flaw detection;
step (2): heating the processed forging piece to 740 ℃ at the speed of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 2 h;
and (3): heating the processed forging to 830 ℃ at a speed of 3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 6 h;
and (4): and taking out the forged piece after the treatment, and air-cooling to room temperature.
Experiments prove that the 50SiMn forging under the parameters has the grain size of 5-6 grades through metallographic analysis, the structure is uniform and fine pearlite and a small amount of bainite plus carbide, the machining performance is greatly improved, and the preparation for final heat treatment is made.
The embodiments disclosed in the present invention are within the scope of the claims, and the specific embodiments are only for describing the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and the specific embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the foregoing description is illustrative in nature and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.
Unless defined otherwise, all academic and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as is understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control.
All percentages, parts, ratios, etc., are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
When a value or range of values, preferred range or list of lower preferable values and upper preferable values is given, it should be understood that it specifically discloses any range formed by any pair of values of any lower range limit or preferred value and any upper range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. Where a range of numerical values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints of the range and all integers and fractions within the range.
When the term "about" or "approximately" is used to describe a numerical value or an end of a range, the disclosure should be interpreted to include the specific numerical value or end points referred to.
The use of "a" and "an" are merely for convenience and to provide a general context for the invention. Unless expressly stated otherwise, this description should be read to include one or at least one.
Claims (4)
1. A normalizing heat treatment process for a 50SiMn forging is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step (1): selecting a 3t steel ingot sawing machine for blanking, heating the steel ingot sawing machine in a furnace to 1180 ℃, performing initial forging at 1180 ℃, performing upsetting forming after two upsetting and two drawing processes at the final forging temperature of 850 ℃, wherein the forging ratio is more than 5, performing sand cooling after forging, and removing unqualified forgings through ultrasonic flaw detection;
step (2): raising the temperature of the processed forging to 740 and 760 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, and preserving the temperature for 2-3 h;
and (3): heating the processed forging to 825-;
and (4): and taking out the forged piece after the treatment, and air-cooling to room temperature.
2. The normalizing heat treatment process for the 50SiMn forging according to claim 1, wherein the normalizing heat treatment process comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the temperature of the processed forging is raised to 750 ℃ at a speed of less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, and the temperature is kept for 3 h.
3. The normalizing heat treatment process for the 50SiMn forging according to claim 1, wherein the normalizing heat treatment process comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the temperature of the processed forge piece is increased to 830 ℃ at a speed of more than or equal to 2 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 6 h.
4. The normalizing heat treatment process for the 50SiMn forging according to claim 1, wherein the normalizing heat treatment process comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the heat preservation time is calculated by preserving heat for 2h every 100mm of the effective section thickness of the forge piece.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011608937.9A CN112746151A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Normalizing heat treatment process for 50SiMn forging |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011608937.9A CN112746151A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Normalizing heat treatment process for 50SiMn forging |
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| CN112746151A true CN112746151A (en) | 2021-05-04 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0719869A1 (en) * | 1994-12-26 | 1996-07-03 | The Japan Steel Works, Ltd. | Process for producing high- and low-pressure integral-type turbine rotor |
| CN104907470A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-09-16 | 上海宏钢电站设备铸锻有限公司 | 13Cr9Mo2Co1NiVNbNB steel forged piece manufacturing method |
| CN105838856A (en) * | 2016-05-14 | 2016-08-10 | 莱芜锻压有限公司 | Step type normalizing technology for 25Cr2Ni4MoV forged piece |
| CN106086360A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 杭州汽轮动力集团有限公司 | A kind of heat treatment method of Industrial Steam Turbine Rotors Aided forging |
-
2020
- 2020-12-30 CN CN202011608937.9A patent/CN112746151A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0719869A1 (en) * | 1994-12-26 | 1996-07-03 | The Japan Steel Works, Ltd. | Process for producing high- and low-pressure integral-type turbine rotor |
| CN104907470A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-09-16 | 上海宏钢电站设备铸锻有限公司 | 13Cr9Mo2Co1NiVNbNB steel forged piece manufacturing method |
| CN105838856A (en) * | 2016-05-14 | 2016-08-10 | 莱芜锻压有限公司 | Step type normalizing technology for 25Cr2Ni4MoV forged piece |
| CN106086360A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 杭州汽轮动力集团有限公司 | A kind of heat treatment method of Industrial Steam Turbine Rotors Aided forging |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 潘健生等: "《热处理工艺学》", 31 January 2009, 高等教育出版社 * |
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