CN105154774A - Free-cutting medium-carbon non-quenching and tempering steel for fracture splitting connecting rod and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Free-cutting medium-carbon non-quenching and tempering steel for fracture splitting connecting rod and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses free-cutting medium-carbon non-quenching and tempering steel for a fracture splitting connecting rod. The microstructure of the free-cutting medium-carbon non-quenching and tempering steel comprises ferrite and pearlite; the free-cutting medium-carbon non-quenching and tempering steel for a fracture splitting connecting rod comprises chemical elements according to mass percents: 0.2-0.55 % of C, 0.35-1.00 % of Si, 0.5-1.70 % of Mn, 0.01-0.09 % of S, 0.03-0.15 % of P, 0.05-0.50 % of Cr, 0.05-0.45 % of V, 0.005-0.030% of N, and the balance Fe and other inevitable impurities. The free-cutting medium-carbon non-quenching and tempering steel for a fracture splitting connecting rod has relatively high intensity; in addition, the steel material disclosed by the invention has excellent cutting machinability and good brittleness splitting decomposition performance, and is suitable for a connecting rod processing technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel and manufacture method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Middle carbon microalloy pearlitic steel (hereinafter referred to as non-hardened and tempered steel) a kind of rolling or forging and heat treatment step to be combined as a whole, and can save the energy-saving structure material of modifier treatment.Compared with traditional quenched and tempered steel, middle carbon microalloy pearlitic steel is a kind of with high content of technology, drive is strong, influence surface is large steel grade, is also the forward position focus material being in Rapid development stage at present in the world.Engine link generally adopts the medium carbon steel after the thermal treatments such as modifier treatment or medium carbon alloy steel at first.Along with the development of automotive industry and material technology, the non-hardened and tempered steel adopting microalloying to produce is widely used in engine link.
Non-hardened and tempered steel improves the mechanical property such as intensity, hardness of steel by precipitation strength, obtain the mechanical property similar after modified with modified steel, eliminate the thermal treatment process such as quenching, tempering simultaneously, there is green, environmental protection, economy, the remarkable advantage such as efficient.Meanwhile, the complete processing of traditional engine link is complicated, and accuracy requirement is very high, and working accuracy affects very large on the reliability of engine and stationarity.The cracking connecting-rod technique grown up the beginning of the nineties solves this problem well.The ultimate principle of cracking connecting-rod technique processes v-depression on the split surface of crank pin end pore, adopts special cracker to apply the power strutted to big end hole, split in the major part position of connecting rod.Owing to forming stress concentration at the v-depression place processed in advance, thus accurately can rupture at V-shaped groove place, its fracture is more typical rock-candy structure, and substantially necking phenomenon does not occur.After fracture, joint surface of connection rod does not need to carry out any processing, and connecting rod body and connecting rod cap just can be made to be in optimum confined state, good fix, without the need to adopting the locator means such as tack bolt, steady brace, profile of tooth of conventional linkage, greatly reduce manufacturing cost.For this reason, cracking connecting-rod becomes the main connecting rod manufacturing process of engine manufacturing concern.
But, the unique requirement of cracking connecting-rod technology to steel is higher, need steel on the basis ensureing comprehensive mechanical property, require that material can not produce larger viscous deformation in cracking technology process, be beneficial to cracking fracture and present suitable brittle rupture feature, can ensure that the connecting rod after cracking has excellent assembly performance like this, ensure that the big end hole of connecting rod has good circularity simultaneously.At present, the cracking connecting-rod steel of domestic and international comparative maturity is the SAE1080 steel or C70S6 steel that carbon content is higher.The carbon content of C70S6 steel is higher, and brittle cleavage is better, and cracking technology fracture is better, has and well equip precision after can ensureing crank pin end pore cracking.But the yield strength of C70S6 steel is higher, the plasticity stability of steel is poor, and the fatigue lifetime of steel is lower, and the sheet globular cementite of simultaneously more high strong hardness can cause its cutting ability to be deteriorated.In order to address these problems, academia and industry member have carried out the research of the traditional cracking connecting-rod Steel Properties of a lot of improvement in the world.The cracking connecting-rod base steel of current domestic use is originally all the C70S6 steel that carbon content is higher, but the investigation and application of centering carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel is all relatively less.Flourish current fast in automotive industry, the demand of motor car engine production firm centering carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel progressively increases, and market potential is huge, has good development and prospects for commercial application.
Publication number is CN1955498A, publication date is on May 2nd, 2007, the Chinese patent literature that name is called " for the non-hardened and tempered steel of connecting rod and the connecting rod be made up of it " discloses a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel, and its each elemental composition (wt.%) is: C:0.3% ~ 0.8%, Si:0.1% ~ 2.0%, Mn:0.01% ~ 0.15%, Cr≤1.0%, V≤0.4%, Al≤0.05%, N:0.005 ~ 0.03%, surplus is Fe and other inevitable impurity.The E value of this non-hardened and tempered steel is not more than 150, this E value obtains E=2804-1549 × CEQ-8862 × P-23.4 × H by following formula, and wherein, H is the Rockwell hardness number of the connecting rod that this non-hardened and tempered steel is made, P is the content (%) of phosphorus in this connecting rod, and CEQ is carbon equivalent value.This invention adopts the strengthening element such as Cr, V to improve the intensity of steel grade, meanwhile, carries high Mn content when reducing C content, mechanical property steel grade being had meet the demands.
Publication number is CN101892424A, publication date is on November 24th, 2010, the Chinese patent literature that name is called " in a kind of fractured connecting rod use carbon non-hardened and tempered steel " discloses carbon non-hardened and tempered steel in one, its chemical element mass percentage (wt.%) is: C:0.35% ~ 0.55%, Si:0.40% ~ 0.80%, Mn:0.80% ~ 1.50%, P:0.04% ~ 0.15%, S:0.03% ~ 0.10%, Cr:0.10% ~ 0.50%, V:0.05% ~ 0.25%, B:0.0005% ~ 0.006%, Ti:0.01% ~ 0.10%, Al:0.005 ~ 0.05%, N:0.005% ~ 0.020%, Re:0.005% ~ 0.04%, all the other are iron and inevitable impurity.Meanwhile, C, P, B content also needs to meet Fragility parameters relational expression: 0.60≤C (%)+3P (%)+50B (%)≤1.0; Metallographic structure is: ferrite+perlite.This patent documentation comprehensively with the addition of the elements such as Mn, Cr, V and carries out V-N steel, makes steel grade have good comprehensive mechanical property.But it is 0.0005 ~ 0.006% that the steel grade in this patent documentation strictly limits B element, thus substantially increase the smelting difficulty of steel grade.
Notification number is CN102108472A, publication date is on June 29th, 2011, name is called that the Chinese patent literature of " high carbon microalloy round steel and production method thereof for motor car engine cracking connecting-rod " discloses a kind of high carbon microalloy round steel, its chemical element mass percentage (wt.%) is: C:0.60 ~ 0.80%, Si:0.17 ~ 0.37%, Mn:0.30 ~ 0.90%, P:0.020 ~ 0.060%, S:0.050 ~ 0.080%, N:0.015 ~ 0.0300%, also containing micro alloying element V, Nb, Ti, one or more of B, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.Not containing Cr alloying element in steel disclosed in this patent documentation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in a kind of Cutting free, this steel has higher yield strength and tensile strength.In addition, in Cutting free of the present invention, carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel also possesses excellent machinability and good fragility cracking performance, is suitable for Machining of Connecting Rod technique.In addition, in Cutting free of the present invention, carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel has stable plasticity and good fatigue property.
To achieve these goals, the present invention proposes carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in a kind of Cutting free, its microtexture comprises ferrite+perlite, and second phase particles VN; In this Cutting free, the chemical element mass percentage content of carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel is:
C：0.2～0.55％，
Si：0.35～1.00％,，
Mn：0.5～1.70％，
S：0.01～0.09％，
P：0.03～0.15％，
Cr：0.05～0.50％，
V：0.05～0.45％，
N：0.005～0.030％，
Surplus is Fe and other inevitable impurity.
The principle of design of each chemical element in Cutting free of the present invention in carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel is:
Carbon: C is one of main strengthening element of steel.Increase C content, the content of pearlite in alloy of steel can be increased, improve the intensity of non-hardened and tempered steel, reduce the plasticity of non-hardened and tempered steel.If C content is too high, pearlite fraction is too much, and the intensity of steel can be too high, can have a negative impact for the cutting ability of steel and fatigue property.C content in carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in Cutting free of the present invention is needed to control between 0.2 ~ 0.55% scope.
Silicon: Si has very strong solution strengthening effect in steel, can improve the intensity of steel significantly, reduces plasticity and the toughness of steel simultaneously.Si can promote the Grain Boundary Segregation of element P, S, makes crystal boundary suitably brittle, is conducive to the fragility cracking of steel.But, if Si too high levels, then can worsen the hot-forming property of steel, affect the surface quality that steel are swaged into connecting rod blank part.For this reason, need the Si content in carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in Cutting free of the present invention to be set as 0.35 ~ 1.00%.
Manganese: Mn can improve the intensity of non-hardened and tempered steel, improves the toughness of non-hardened and tempered steel.Mn can increase the solubleness of V in austenite, thus affects amount of precipitation and the precipitation size of V.The increase of Mn content can reduce the transformation temperature of steel, makes the pearlite colony of steel tiny, reduces pearlite interlamellar spacing, improves the toughness of steel thus.But the increase of the content of pearlite in alloy of steel can reduce the toughness of steel.In addition, Mn also can form MnS with S and be mingled with, and improves the cutting ability of steel, plays notch effect, the cracking performance of steel is improved when supportting disconnected.But, when Mn too high levels, easily cause steel in tissue, to occur bainite structure after thermal forging technology, worsen the over-all properties of steel.Consider every factor, Mn content is controlled to be 0.5 ~ 1.70%.
Sulphur: S is Cutting free element.When having the Mn of high level in steel, easily in steel, forming MnS inclusion, on-deformable oxide inclusion in steel can be made to cure thing parcel and promote the machinability of steel.Meanwhile, MnS also add ferritic forming core core, thus fining ferrite and pearlitic structure.Because connecting rod steel of the present invention needs to possess excellent cutting ability, therefore, need containing sulphur in technical scheme of the present invention, but consider that sulfide inclusion can have a negative impact for the over-all properties of steel, the sulphur content in steel again can not be too high.The machinability of comprehensive consideration steel and mechanical property, need the sulphur content in carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in Cutting free of the present invention to be designed to 0.01 ~ 0.09%.
Phosphorus: P can form microsegregation when solidification of molten steel, and when heat, segregation, at crystal boundary, makes the fragility of steel enlarge markedly subsequently.Be different from the content reducing P in steel in prior art as much as possible, technical scheme of the present invention but adopt the mentality of designing of the P element increased in steel grade, carry out the grain-boundary strength of brittle steel, and make P element be solid-solution in a-Fe, reduce the plasticity of steel with this, greatly improve the cracking performance of steel.Meanwhile, P element also can improve the cutting ability of steel to a certain extent.Consider each side factor, P element is controlled between 0.03 ~ 0.15% scope.
Chromium: Cr is also solution strengthening element, and it can improve the intensity of steel.But, if Cr too high levels, the cutting difficulty of steel can be increased.Contain the prerequisite of ferrite and pearlite at non-hardened and tempered steel under, still need steel to possess higher intensity, therefore in Cutting free of the present invention, carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel needs control Cr between 0.05 ~ 0.50% scope.
Vanadium: V can form carbide and nitride in steel, can form the precipitate of disperse, improves intensity.The use of V can significantly improve the intensity of steel, also can improve the cracking performance of steel simultaneously.If it is too much that V adds, the cutting ability of steel can be caused to decline, and improve the cost of steel.Given this, need the V content in carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in Cutting free of the present invention to be set as 0.05 ~ 0.45%.
Nitrogen: N can form nitride with V, Nb, Ti, Al in steel.The interpolation of N can increase the amount of precipitation of V, Nb, Ti, strengthens precipitation strength and Grain refinement.Therefore, the N content in Cutting free of the present invention in carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel is 0.005 ~ 0.030%.
The main design thought of technical scheme of the present invention is: the carbon content reducing traditional high-carbon cracking connecting-rod steel, replace more single pearlitic structure with the ferrite of complex phase+pearlitic structure, improve the comprehensive mechanical property of the connecting rod steel that steel strength will reach simultaneously in microalloying mode.But, in traditional ferrite+pearlitic structure, ferritic toughness and plasticity better, easily there is ductile fracture in the ferrite area of notch root, swollen disconnected poor performance, needs to add by the compound of above-mentioned alloying element the toughness that the effect produced reduces ferritic phase for this reason, and improves the hardness of ferritic phase, suitable brittle original austenite crystal prevention, makes steel of the present invention when possessing higher-strength also with excellent cracking fracture property simultaneously.
Titanium: Ti can form carbide and nitride in steel.The carbide of Ti and nitride belong to same crystal formation, and lattice constant is close, can solid solution mutually.In addition, the carbide that Ti and C is formed can affect the relative content of ferrite and pearlite in steel.The above-mentioned every factor of comprehensive consideration, needs Ti content to control be no more than 0.06%.
Carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel tensile strength >=850MPa in Cutting free of the present invention, yield strength >=550MPa, unit elongation≤25%, the ballistic work≤30J under room temperature.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the manufacture method of carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in a kind of Cutting free, the steel adopting the method to obtain possess higher intensity and good fragility cracking performance.Meanwhile, these steel have excellent machinability, are applicable to the complete processing of connecting rod.
Based on foregoing invention object, present invention also offers the manufacture method of carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in a kind of Cutting free, it comprises step successively:
1) smelt;
2) continuous casting;
3) heat: comprise preheating section heating, the first heating zone heating, the heating of second segment heating zone and soaking zone soaking;
4) hot rolling;
5) cool.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (2), the superheating temperature controlling tundish is 15 ~ 40 DEG C.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (3), the Heating temperature of preheating section is 750 ~ 850 DEG C, the Heating temperature of the first heating zone is 960 ~ 1060 DEG C, the Heating temperature of the second heating zone is 1050 ~ 1200 DEG C, the soaking temperature of soaking zone is 1050 ~ 1200 DEG C, and soaking time is 50 ~ 90min.
In above-mentioned heating steps, employing be sectional type stepping type of heating.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (4), start rolling temperature 980 ~ 1050 DEG C, finishing temperature is 820 ~ 900 DEG C.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (5), final cooling temperature is 300 ~ 450 DEG C.
In Cutting free of the present invention, the manufacture method of carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel is by controlling low temperature casting-heat-high temperature rolling-high-temperature final rolling, comprises ferrite (F)+perlite (P) to make the microtexture in steel.In addition, by optimizing components in conjunction with temperature control controlled rolling, and finishing temperature is improved, to increase second phase particles VN at the amount of precipitation of austenite phase and pick-up behavior, its dislocation multiplication and crystal boundary when pinning thermal distortion is made to move, and fining austenite grains, make grain fineness number reach 7.0-9.0 level.
In Cutting free of the present invention, carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel possesses excellent machinability and good fragility cracking performance, is particularly suitable for the manufacturing of connecting rod.
In Cutting free of the present invention, the plasticity stability of carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel is good and fatigue property is good.
The present invention can realize all size cracking connecting-rod with in the production of carbon non-hardened and tempered steel, by improve support cracking connecting rod with in carbon non-hardened and tempered steel tissue and grain fineness number, make steel microstructure and composition even, improve support cracking connecting rod with in the support of carbon non-hardened and tempered steel to break performance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the micro-organization chart of carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in the Cutting free in embodiment 1.
Embodiment
Illustrate below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and with specific embodiment, carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel and manufacture method thereof in Cutting free of the present invention to be made further explanation, but this explanation and illustrate and improper restriction is not formed to technical scheme of the present invention.
Embodiment A 1-A5
Carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in the Cutting free in embodiment of the present invention A1-A5 is manufactured according to the following step:
1) smelt: carry out external refining after electrosmelting, then through Fruit storage, the mass percent controlling each chemical element is as shown in table 1;
2) continuous casting: continuous casting becomes square billet, the superheating temperature controlling tundish is 15 ~ 40 DEG C;
3) heat: adopt walking beam furnace to heat, heat-processed comprises preheating section heating, first heating zone heating, the heating of second segment heating zone and soaking zone soaking, wherein, the Heating temperature of preheating section is 750 ~ 850 DEG C, the Heating temperature of the first heating zone is 960 ~ 1060 DEG C, the Heating temperature of the second heating zone is 1050 ~ 1200 DEG C, and the soaking temperature of soaking zone is 1050 ~ 1200 DEG C, and soaking time is 50 ~ 90min;
4) hot rolling: start rolling temperature is 980 ~ 1050 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 820 ~ 900 DEG C, rolling in austenitic area, controlling to roll lower amount is 70 ~ 95%;
5) cool: final cooling temperature is final cooling temperature is 300 ~ 450 DEG C.
In Cutting free in the various embodiments described above, the concrete technology parameter of the manufacture method of carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel is as shown in table 2.
It should be noted that, in above-mentioned continuous casting step, need to control pouring speed to prevent the component segregation of steel ingot.Molten steel in tundish, through continuous cast mold, can pass through induction stirring, become the continuous casting material of different base molded dimension with rational casting speed continuous casting.
Table 1. (wt.%, surplus is Fe and other the inevitable impurity except Ti element)
| Sequence number | C | Si | Mn | S | P | Cr | V | N | Ti | Grain fineness number (level) |
| A1 | 0.38 | 0.64 | 0.94 | 0.059 | 0.12 | 0.26 | 0.12 | 0.005 | 0.021 | 8.0 |
| A2 | 0.40 | 0.70 | 0.99 | 0.072 | 0.031 | 0.23 | 0.26 | 0.016 | 0.018 | 9.0 |
| A3 | 0.39 | 0.67 | 1.00 | 0.068 | 0.063 | 0.28 | 0.17 | 0.005 | 0.015 | 8.0 |
| A4 | 0.38 | 0.68 | 0.97 | 0.076 | 0.036 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.008 | 0.016 | 9.0 |
| A5 | 0.44 | 0.63 | 1.04 | 0.065 | 0.032 | 0.065 | 0.16 | 0.010 | 0.023 | 8.0 |
Table 2 lists the concrete technology parameter of the manufacture method of carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in the Cutting free of this case embodiment A 1-A5.
Table 2.
Carry out dependence test for carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in the Cutting free of embodiment A 1-A5, the yield strength recorded, tensile strength, unit elongation and ballistic work are listed in table 3.
Table 3.
As can be seen from Table 3, the yield strength >=590MPa of carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in the Cutting free of embodiment A 1-A5 and tensile strength >=885MPa, illustrate that the connecting rod steel of embodiment has higher intensity.In addition, unit elongation≤20% of carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in the Cutting free of embodiment A 1-A5 and the ballistic work≤25AKv under room temperature, illustrate that plasticity and the toughness of the connecting rod steel of embodiment are all not high, show that embodiment A 1-A5 has excellent cutting ability and good cracking performance thus.
Fig. 1 shows the microtexture of carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in the Cutting free of embodiment 1.As can be seen from Figure 1, the microtexture of this connecting rod steel comprises ferrite+perlite and second phase particles VN.
It should be noted that above enumerate be only specific embodiments of the invention, obviously the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, have many similar changes thereupon.If all distortion that those skilled in the art directly derives from content disclosed by the invention or associates, protection scope of the present invention all should be belonged to.
Claims (9)
1. a carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in Cutting free, it is characterized in that, its microtexture comprises ferrite+perlite, and second phase particles VN; In described Cutting free, the chemical element mass percentage content of carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel is:
C0.2 ~ 0.55%, Si0.35 ~ 1.00%, Mn0.5 ~ 1.70%, S0.01 ~ 0.09%, P0.03 ~ 0.15%, Cr0.05 ~ 0.50%, V0.05 ~ 0.45%, N0.005 ~ 0.030%, surplus is Fe and other inevitable impurity.
2. carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in Cutting free as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, its grain fineness number is 7-9 level.
3. carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in Cutting free as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, Ti≤0.060% in described inevitable impurity.
4. carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in Cutting free as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, its tensile strength >=850MPa, yield strength >=550MPa, unit elongation≤25%, the ballistic work≤30J under room temperature.
5., as the manufacture method of carbon Micro Alloying cracking connecting-rod steel in the Cutting free in claim 1-4 as described in any one, it comprises step successively:
(1) smelt;
(2) continuous casting;
(3) heat: comprise preheating section heating, the first heating zone heating, the heating of second segment heating zone and soaking zone soaking;
(4) hot rolling;
(5) cool.
6. manufacture method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, in described step (2), the superheating temperature controlling tundish is 15 ~ 40 DEG C.
7. manufacture method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, in described step (3), the Heating temperature of preheating section is 750 ~ 850 DEG C,, the Heating temperature of the first heating zone is 960 ~ 1060 DEG C, and the Heating temperature of the second heating zone is 1050 ~ 1200 DEG C, the soaking temperature of soaking zone is 1050 ~ 1200 DEG C, and soaking time is 50 ~ 90min.
8. manufacture method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, in described step (4), start rolling temperature 980 ~ 1050 DEG C, finishing temperature is 820 ~ 900 DEG C.
9. manufacture method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, in described step (5), described final cooling temperature is 300 ~ 450 DEG C.
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