CN112745098B - Original shield muck baking-free pavement brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Original shield muck baking-free pavement brick and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112745098B
CN112745098B CN202110028922.3A CN202110028922A CN112745098B CN 112745098 B CN112745098 B CN 112745098B CN 202110028922 A CN202110028922 A CN 202110028922A CN 112745098 B CN112745098 B CN 112745098B
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baking
pavement brick
mixture
muck
free
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CN112745098A (en
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习智琴
李水生
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China Construction Fifth Engineering Bureau Co Ltd
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China Construction Fifth Engineering Bureau Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C15/00—Pavings specially adapted for footpaths, sidewalks or cycle tracks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
    • E01C5/065—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders characterised by their structure or component materials, e.g. concrete layers of different structure, special additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength

Abstract

The invention relates to an original shield muck baking-free pavement brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein the baking-free pavement brick is formed by compounding a surface layer and a bottom layer, and the surface layer is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-30% of granulated blast furnace slag, 35-70% of steel slag, 4-15% of quick lime, 1-15% of sodium carbonate, 1-15% of sodium silicate powder and 10-22% of water; the bottom layer is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-30% of granulated blast furnace slag, 1-15% of steel slag, 45-80% of undisturbed shield muck, 1-10% of quick lime, 0.5-8% of sodium carbonate, 0.1-5% of sodium hydroxide, 0.2-6% of sodium silicate powder, 0-0.3% of fiber and 1-15% of water. The invention does not need to add cement, is free from sintering and pressing, and the prepared non-sintered pavement brick has the advantages of small volume density, high compressive strength and breaking strength, good frost resistance, good surface wear resistance and good moisture retention, and has important economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.

Description

Original shield muck baking-free pavement brick and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building material technology and solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to an undisturbed shield muck baking-free pavement brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At the present stage, urban rail transit and other infrastructure construction (such as urban comprehensive pipe galleries, pipe networks, underground quick passages and the like) in China have large development scale, high speed and high investment, mainly adopt shield construction, and often generate hundreds of thousands of shield mucks. At present, the disposal of the subway muck becomes an unavoidable pain point and difficulty problem which troubles construction units, construction units and the like. Particularly, the earth pressure balance shield muck is different from the flow state of the mud water balance shield muck, mainly shows a plastic and soft plastic state, and is usually in a paste state, so that the dehydration and screening are extremely difficult, the resource utilization difficulty is increased, and the additional value is reduced.
For shield muck, the existing disposal mode is generally open-air disposal. From the enterprise level, firstly, the construction cost is greatly increased, the general muck disposal cost comprises transportation cost and abandonment cost, the cost occupies about 10 percent of the subway construction cost, and great economic pressure is brought to construction enterprises; secondly, as the storage capacity of the muck digestion field is seriously insufficient, the muck disposal requirement generated in subway construction cannot be met, so that the muck cannot be timely discharged in a construction field, and the construction period is further delayed; finally, the muck pool and muck transport can affect the on-site construction environment. From the social aspect, as the water content and the mud content of the shield muck are higher, accidents such as landslide and the like are easily caused by open-air stacking, great potential safety hazards exist, a large amount of land resources can be occupied, and meanwhile, the surrounding water and soil environment can be polluted. In particular, many cities are faced with a situation where the earth is hearable, and the phenomenon of surrounding the city with dregs is increasingly apparent.
Therefore, how to treat the shield muck, particularly the earth pressure balance shield muck, is a problem that cannot be avoided in subway construction.
Blast furnace slag is one of the most important industrial waste residues in the smelting industry, and at present, the blast furnace slag has a space for further full resource utilization. The steel slag has great differences in components and properties due to different treatment processes, for example, the steel slag has poor stability due to high content of free calcium oxide, and is difficult to grind due to high content of metal iron, so that the large-scale application of the steel slag is restricted, and the comprehensive utilization rate of the steel slag is less than 20%. Thus, there is also a large amount of space to utilize. At present, the traditional pavement bricks are all made of cement and other gelled materials, and aggregate such as stones and sands as main raw materials through processing, vibration pressurizing or other molding processes. And about 1kg of carbon dioxide is discharged when 1kg of cement is produced, and harmful gas, dust and sewage are discharged at the same time, so that great harm is caused to the environment.
If the original shield muck is combined with the industrial waste residue to directly prepare the baking-free pavement brick without the treatment of dehydration, screening and the like, the production cost is reduced, the added value of muck products is improved, and the aim of changing waste into valuable is fulfilled by 'treating waste with waste'. Meanwhile, huge amount of muck disposal cost is saved for construction enterprises, earthwork banks are realized, related industries are driven to develop, and remarkable economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit are obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that shield muck is difficult to dispose and utilize as resources, the disposal cost is high, the construction period is delayed, the construction cost is increased, land resources are occupied, the safety risk is high, and the ecological environment is polluted.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for treating and recycling shield muck with simple process, high treatment speed, high added value and large mixing amount, and the original shield muck is mixed with slag such as steel slag, blast furnace slag and the like to prepare the original shield muck baking-free pavement brick with small volume density, high compressive strength and flexural strength, good frost resistance, good surface wear resistance, good moisture retention and low production cost, so that the resource can be reasonably and effectively utilized, and the original shield muck baking-free pavement brick has good economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the original shield muck non-fired pavior brick is composed of a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the thickness of the bottom layer is greater than that of the surface layer, and the thickness of the surface layer is 3mm or more.
The surface layer is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-30% of granulated blast furnace slag, 35-70% of steel slag, 4-15% of quick lime, 1-15% of sodium carbonate, 1-15% of sodium silicate powder and 10-22% of water; the bottom layer is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-30% of granulated blast furnace slag, 1-15% of steel slag, 45-80% of undisturbed shield muck, 1-10% of quick lime, 0.5-8% of sodium carbonate, 0.1-5% of sodium hydroxide, 0.2-6% of sodium silicate powder, 0-0.3% of fiber and 1-15% of water.
Preferably, the undisturbed shield muck is the undisturbed muck which enters the soil bin after being cut by the cutter head and is conveyed or pumped to the ground muck pool by the screw conveyor, the belt conveyor and the rail muck truck without being dehydrated and screened.
Preferably, the fibers are at least one of basalt fibers, glass fibers and polypropylene fibers.
Preferably, the mesh number of the granulated blast furnace slag is 200-400 meshes; the grain size of the steel slag is less than 9.5 mm; the calcium content of the quicklime is more than 90 percent, and the fineness is 100-200 meshes; the sodium carbonate is powder with the fineness of 100-200 meshes; the sodium silicate is powder, the modulus is 2.0-3.2, and the fineness is 100-200 meshes; the sodium hydroxide is in solid flake analytical purity, and the purity is more than 99%; the length of the fiber is more than 6mm, and the diameter is more than 9 μm.
The preparation method of the undisturbed shield muck baking-free pavior brick in any embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively weighing the surface layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate, the sodium silicate powder and the water uniformly to obtain a surface layer material S1;
(2) respectively weighing the bottom layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the raw materials uniformly to obtain a bottom layer material S2;
(3) paving the surface layer material S1 at the bottom of the mold, pouring the bottom layer material on the surface layer material S1, naturally curing at room temperature, and demolding to obtain a baking-free pavement brick I;
(4) naturally curing the baking-free pavement brick I at room temperature for 1-28 days, and then putting the baking-free pavement brick I into water or a sodium hydroxide solution for soaking and curing for 0-28 days to obtain a baking-free pavement brick II;
(5) and removing the moisture on the surface of the baking-free pavement brick II by adopting a natural air drying or drying mode to obtain the final baking-free pavement brick.
Preferably, in the step (2), the following steps are included:
the method comprises the following steps: adding water into undisturbed shield muck, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture a;
step two: uniformly mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate and the sodium silicate powder to obtain a mixture b;
step three: adding the mixture b into the mixture a, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture c;
step four: adding sodium hydroxide into the mixture c, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture d;
step five: adding basalt fibers into the mixture d, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a bottom layer material S2;
or: and (3) simultaneously adding sodium hydroxide and fibers into the mixture c, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a bottom layer material S2.
Preferably, in the step (3), after the surface layer material S1 is spread on the bottom of the mold, the surface layer material is uniformly filled in the bottom of the mold by vibrating the mold; then pour the bottom material into on the surface course material S1, through the dead weight of bottom material with the surface course compaction for reach seamless bonding' S effect between surface course and the bottom.
Preferably, the greater the thickness of the bottom layer, the better the effect.
Preferably, in the step (3), demolding is carried out after natural curing at room temperature for 1-24 h.
Preferably, the undisturbed shield muck is the shield muck which is not dehydrated and screened, and the shield muck containing more coarse particles is crushed before being stirred.
Particularly, the initial water content of the undisturbed shield muck can reach 40% or more.
Preferably, the mesh number of the granulated blast furnace slag is 200-400 meshes.
Preferably, the particle size of the steel slag is less than 9.5 mm; further, the grain size of the steel slag is less than 4.75 mm.
Preferably, the calcium content of the quick lime is more than 90 percent, and the fineness is 100-200 meshes.
Preferably, the sodium carbonate is in powder form, and the fineness is 100-200 meshes.
Preferably, the sodium silicate is powder, the modulus is 2.0-3.2, and the fineness is 100-200 meshes.
Preferably, the sodium hydroxide is in solid flake analytical purity, with a purity greater than 99%.
Preferably, the fibers are one or more of basalt fibers, glass fibers and polypropylene fibers, the length of the fibers is more than 6mm, and the diameter of the fibers is more than 9 μm.
Preferably, in step (4), the water is tap water; the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is less than 1 mol/L.
Preferably, solid powder pigment can be added into the surface layer raw material or a liquid coloring agent is coated on the formed surface layer for coloring so as to adapt to different application scene requirements.
The baking-free pavement brick can be widely applied to municipal squares, residential parks, garden roads and the like, and assists sponge city construction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts a form of compounding the surface layer and the bottom layer to realize the preparation of the baking-free pavement brick by an original shield muck pouring method. Wherein, bottom thickness is greater than surface course thickness, and surface course thickness is 3mm and above, bonding that can be fine realizes seamless butt joint. The larger the thickness of the bottom layer is, the better the effect is, the whole compression resistance and the anti-bending performance of the pavement brick are ensured, and the problem of surface wear resistance is solved.
In the surface layer material, the effect of coagulating in a short time is achieved by alkali-activated granulated blast furnace slag and steel slag to generate a gelled substance, so that an even net structure is formed, the bottom layer material can be well poured on the surface of the bottom layer material, and the surface layer material is prevented from being compacted and then diffusing around or being incapable of being effectively attached to the bottom layer material due to the fact that the liquid-solid ratio is too large.
The quicklime reacts with water to produce calcium hydroxide, and then reacts with sodium carbonate to produce sodium hydroxide and calcium carbonate. Granulated blast furnace slag and steel slag generate gelled substances in an alkaline environment, and the self gelling activity, wear resistance and aggregate property of the steel slag are fully utilized to form a stable surface layer structure. In particular, steel slag and its hydration products can react with carbon dioxide in the air, and the incorporation of sodium carbonate can facilitate the carbonization process. In addition, the sodium carbonate can weaken the connection among clay particles in the muck and release part of bound water, so that the adhesiveness of the muck is reduced, and the effect of dispersing the muck particles is achieved.
The bottom layer material is mainly obtained by alkali-activated granulated blast furnace slag to generate a gelled substance, silicon-oxygen bonds and aluminum-oxygen bonds in the granulated blast furnace slag vitreous body are broken under the action of strong alkali, tetrahedrons are dissolved out and diffused to the periphery, the tetrahedrons are adsorbed on the surface of slag soil particles and then undergo a polycondensation reaction with hydroxide after calcium oxide hydration, hydrated silicon ions after sodium silicate powder is dissolved accelerate the polycondensation reaction at the same time, calcium silicate hydrate, calcium aluminate hydrate and calcium aluminosilicate hydrate gel-phase substances are generated, and the integral compressive strength of the pavement brick is ensured.
Because the granulated blast furnace slag particles are fine and have irregular shapes and are effectively attached to the slag particles, the undisturbed slag material gradually generates a gel phase in a strong alkali environment and is gathered among the slag particles, and then the surrounding slag bodies are enveloped, so that the effect of solidifying the undisturbed slag is achieved. In the process, the added water is mainly lost in the form of free water through evaporation, the gel phase further discharges the free water and part of weak bonding water among the muck particles, fills and compacts the muck material, and finally hardens to form a muck solidified body.
The external water is mainly added to disperse the undisturbed muck particles, so that the muck particles are adjusted from a paste state to a fluid mud state, and are better mixed and stirred uniformly with the powdery additive. The calcium lime consumes the external water in the bottom material, reacts with the water to generate calcium hydroxide, and then reacts with the sodium carbonate to generate sodium hydroxide and calcium carbonate, so that the early strength of the bottom material is improved.
The generated alkaline hydroxide and the added sodium hydroxide provide a strong alkaline environment for the bottom material, the activity of the granulated blast furnace slag and steel slag is excited, and the generated reticular gelled substance gradually envelops the slag soil particles to dominate the strength of the solidified slag soil body. The granulated blast furnace slag can keep the content of calcium oxide, provide silicon ions and aluminum ions, maintain the reaction process of a gelling system, and continuously fill and compact a slag solidified body.
The steel slag mainly plays a role of aggregate and generating a gelled substance, and the strength of the solidified slag soil body can be improved by 10% or more by adding proper steel slag. Particularly, for the dregs with high weathering degree or soil layer type and less coarse particles, the aggregate effect of the steel slag is obvious, the steel slag has good adhesion with the clay in the shield dregs, and the network structure of the solidified dregs soil body is further strengthened by the self gelling activity, the surface enriched aluminum ions and calcium ions. The hydration and expansion of the steel slag can also offset the drying shrinkage effect generated by the water dispersion loss in the original shield slag soil.
The fiber has the function of reinforcing the reinforcement in the solidified muck body, has the function of coupling after the water is lost and cracks are generated, and properly mixes the fiber in a certain proportion, so that the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the solidified muck body can be increased, and the toughness of the solidified muck body can be improved.
In the curing process, the original shield muck baking-free pavement brick is put into water or a sodium hydroxide solution for soaking and curing, so that on one hand, the internal hydration reaction can be promoted, and the strength of the baking-free pavement brick is further improved; on the other hand, the expansion rate of the steel slag can be effectively reduced or eliminated, and the volume stability is enhanced.
The unfired pavement brick prepared by the preparation method of the undisturbed shield muck has the advantages of small volume density, high compressive strength and breaking strength, good frost resistance, good surface wear resistance, good moisture retention and the like, and has low production cost and wide application prospect.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain full curve diagram of an undisturbed shield muck unfired pavement brick in embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain full curve diagram of the undisturbed shield muck unfired pavement brick in embodiment 2 of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain full curve diagram of the original shield muck unfired pavement brick in embodiment 3 of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain full curve diagram of the original shield muck unfired pavement brick in embodiment 4 of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain full curve diagram of the original shield muck unfired pavement brick in embodiment 5 of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain full curve diagram of the original shield muck unfired pavement brick of embodiment 6 of the invention.
FIG. 7 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain full curve diagram of the undisturbed shield muck baking-free pavement brick of comparative example 1.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of undisturbed shield muck baking-free pavior brick after a bending test in embodiment 6 of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a comparison graph of the composite effect of the undisturbed shield muck baking-free pavement brick of the embodiment 6 of the invention and the undisturbed shield muck baking-free pavement brick of the comparative example 1.
FIG. 10 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain full curve diagram of the undisturbed shield muck baking-free pavement brick of comparative example 2 in the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The original shield muck baking-free pavement brick provided by the specific embodiment comprises a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the thickness of the bottom layer is larger than that of the surface layer, and the thickness of the surface layer is 3mm or more. Wherein the surface layer is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-30% of granulated blast furnace slag, 35-70% of steel slag, 4-15% of quick lime, 1-15% of sodium carbonate, 1-15% of sodium silicate powder and 10-22% of water; the bottom layer is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-30% of granulated blast furnace slag, 1-15% of steel slag, 45-80% of undisturbed shield muck, 1-10% of quick lime, 0.5-8% of sodium carbonate, 0.1-5% of sodium hydroxide, 0.2-6% of sodium silicate powder, 0-0.3% of fiber and 1-15% of water.
The preparation method of the original shield muck baking-free pavement brick comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively weighing the surface layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate, the sodium silicate powder and the water uniformly to obtain a surface layer material S1;
(2) respectively weighing the bottom layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the raw materials uniformly to obtain a bottom layer material S2;
(3) paving the surface layer material S1 at the bottom of the mold, pouring the bottom layer material on the surface layer material S1, naturally curing at room temperature, and demolding to obtain a baking-free pavement brick I;
(4) and (3) naturally curing the baking-free pavement brick I at room temperature for 1-28 days, and then putting the baking-free pavement brick I into water or a sodium hydroxide solution for soaking and curing for 0-28 days to obtain a baking-free pavement brick II.
(5) And removing the moisture on the surface of the baking-free pavement brick II by adopting a natural air drying or drying mode to obtain the final baking-free pavement brick.
Specifically, in the step (2), the following steps are included:
the method comprises the following steps: adding water into undisturbed shield muck, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture a;
step two: uniformly mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate and the sodium silicate powder to obtain a mixture b;
step three: adding the mixture b into the mixture a, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture c;
step four: adding sodium hydroxide into the mixture c, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture d;
step five: and (5) adding the basalt fibers into the mixture d, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a bottom layer material S2.
Or adding sodium hydroxide and fibers into the mixture c at the same time, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a bottom layer material S2.
In the following examples and comparative examples, the shield muck was obtained from the undisturbed fully weathered slate muck in a certain section of the region of the No. 6 line of the Changsha subway, and the initial water content was 42%, the content of the clay particles of 5 μm or less was 38%, and the content of the powder particles of 75 μm or less was 92%. The mesh number of the granulated blast furnace slag is 200; the grain size of the steel slag is below 2.36 mm; the fineness of the quicklime is 150 meshes, and the calcium content is 91%; the mesh number of the sodium carbonate is 150; the modulus of the sodium silicate powder is 2.85, and the fineness is 200 meshes; sodium hydroxide is solid, flaky and analytically pure, and the purity is 99 percent; the fiber is basalt fiber, the length of the fiber is 6mm, and the diameter of the fiber is 17 mu m; the water is tap water.
Example 1
An original shield muck baking-free pavement brick is composed of a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the thickness of the surface layer is 11mm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 59 mm; wherein, the raw materials are weighed according to the corresponding mass ratio, and the surface layer raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 18.34% of granulated blast furnace slag, 40.82% of steel slag, 8.16% of quicklime, 12.25% of sodium carbonate, 6.12% of sodium silicate powder and 14.31% of water; the bottom layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 19.29% of granulated blast furnace slag, 3.96% of steel slag, 54.62% of undisturbed shield slag, 5.14% of quick lime, 2.85% of sodium carbonate, 1.71% of sodium hydroxide, 3.25% of sodium silicate powder, 0.07% of fiber and 9.11% of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the surface layer raw material according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate, the sodium silicate powder and the water uniformly to obtain a surface layer material S1;
(2) respectively weighing the bottom layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the raw materials uniformly to obtain a bottom layer material S2;
(3) paving the surface layer material S1 at the bottom of the mold, pouring the bottom layer material on the surface layer material S1, naturally curing at room temperature for 12h, and then demolding to obtain a baking-free pavement brick I;
(4) naturally curing the baking-free pavement brick I at room temperature for 28 days, and then putting the baking-free pavement brick I into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 0.45mol/L for soaking for 7 days to obtain a baking-free pavement brick II;
(5) and removing the moisture on the surface of the baking-free pavement brick II in a natural air drying mode to obtain the final baking-free pavement brick.
Wherein, the specific steps in the step (2) are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: adding water into undisturbed shield muck, and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture a;
step two: uniformly mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate and the sodium silicate powder to obtain a mixture b;
step three: adding the mixture b into the mixture a, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture c;
step four: and (3) simultaneously adding sodium hydroxide and fibers into the mixture c, and mixing and stirring for 10min until the mixture is uniform to obtain a bottom layer material S2.
Tests show that the volume density of the baking-free pavement brick prepared by the embodiment is 1822kg/m3(ii) a The average compressive strength is 17.12MPa, and figure 1 shows a baking-free pavement brick sheetAxial compressive stress-strain full curve; the average breaking strength is 3.6 MPa; the water absorption rate is 1.62 percent; the average compressive strength after 25 cycles of freeze thawing is 14.35MPa, namely the strength loss is 16.2 percent and the mass loss is 0.4 percent; the surface pit length was 24 mm.
Example 2
An original shield muck baking-free pavement brick is composed of a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the thickness of the surface layer is 9mm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 61 mm; wherein, the raw materials are weighed according to the corresponding mass ratio, and the surface layer raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 17.04% of granulated blast furnace slag, 38.29% of steel slag, 12.64% of quick lime, 6.51% of sodium carbonate, 10.63% of sodium silicate powder and 14.89% of water; the bottom layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20.13% of granulated blast furnace slag, 4.2% of steel slag, 54.43% of undisturbed shield muck, 5.12% of quick lime, 2.71% of sodium carbonate, 1.62% of sodium hydroxide, 3.21% of sodium silicate powder, 0.06% of fiber and 8.52% of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the surface layer raw material according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate, the sodium silicate powder and the water uniformly to obtain a surface layer material S1;
(2) respectively weighing the bottom layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the raw materials uniformly to obtain a bottom layer material S2;
(3) paving the surface layer material S1 at the bottom of the mold, pouring the bottom layer material on the surface layer material S1, naturally curing at room temperature for 12h, and then demolding to obtain a baking-free pavement brick I;
(4) and (3) naturally curing the baking-free pavement brick I at room temperature for 28 days, and then soaking the baking-free pavement brick I in water for 7 days to obtain a baking-free pavement brick II.
(5) And removing the moisture on the surface of the baking-free pavement brick II in a natural air drying mode to obtain the final baking-free pavement brick.
Wherein, the specific steps in the step (2) are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: adding water into undisturbed shield muck, and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture a;
step two: uniformly mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate and the sodium silicate powder to obtain a mixture b;
step three: adding the mixture b into the mixture a, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture c;
step four: and (3) simultaneously adding sodium hydroxide and fibers into the mixture c, and mixing and stirring for 10min until the mixture is uniform to obtain a bottom layer material S2.
Tests prove that the volume density of the baking-free pavement brick prepared by the embodiment is 1810kg/m3(ii) a The average compressive strength is 15.22MPa, and FIG. 2 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain full curve chart of the baking-free pavement brick; the average breaking strength is 3.5 MPa; the water absorption rate is 1.71 percent; the average compressive strength after 25 cycles of freeze thawing is 12.77MPa, namely the strength loss is 16.1 percent and the mass loss is 0.4 percent; the surface pit length was 26 mm.
Example 3
An undisturbed shield muck baking-free pavement brick comprises a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the thickness of the surface layer is 7mm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 53 mm; wherein, the raw materials are weighed according to the corresponding mass ratio, and the surface layer raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 26.83% of granulated blast furnace slag, 43.91% of steel slag, 7.32% of quicklime, 2.44% of sodium carbonate, 2.44% of sodium silicate powder and 17.06% of water; the bottom layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 18.37% of granulated blast furnace slag, 4.4% of steel slag, 57.18% of undisturbed shield slag soil, 3.98% of quick lime, 2.65% of sodium carbonate, 1.59% of sodium hydroxide, 3.24% of sodium silicate powder, 0.1% of fiber and 8.49% of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the surface layer raw material according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate, the sodium silicate powder and the water uniformly to obtain a surface layer material S1;
(2) respectively weighing the bottom layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the raw materials uniformly to obtain a bottom layer material S2;
(3) paving the surface layer material S1 at the bottom of the mold, pouring the bottom layer material on the surface layer material S1, naturally curing at room temperature for 12h, and then demolding to obtain a baking-free pavement brick I;
(4) and (3) naturally curing the baking-free pavement brick I at room temperature for 28 days, and then soaking the baking-free pavement brick I in water for 3 days to obtain a baking-free pavement brick II.
(5) And removing the moisture on the surface of the baking-free pavement brick II in a natural air drying mode to obtain the final baking-free pavement brick.
Wherein, the specific steps in the step (2) are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: adding water into undisturbed shield muck, and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture a;
step two: uniformly mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate and the sodium silicate powder to obtain a mixture b;
step three: adding the mixture b into the mixture a, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture c;
step four: and (3) simultaneously adding sodium hydroxide and fibers into the mixture c, and mixing and stirring for 10min until the mixture is uniform to obtain a bottom layer material S2.
Tests prove that the volume density of the baking-free pavement brick prepared by the embodiment is 1808kg/m3(ii) a The average compressive strength is 14.01MPa, and FIG. 3 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain full curve diagram of the baking-free pavement brick; the average breaking strength is 3.3 MPa; the water absorption rate is 1.76%; the average compressive strength after 25 cycles of freeze thawing is 11.59MPa, namely the strength loss is 17.3 percent and the mass loss is 0.42 percent; the surface pit length was 28 mm.
Example 4
An original shield muck baking-free pavement brick is composed of a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is 5mm thick, and the bottom layer is 55mm thick; wherein, the raw materials are weighed according to the corresponding mass ratio, and the surface layer raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 11.89% of granulated blast furnace slag, 57.14% of steel slag, 7.14% of quick lime, 4.76% of sodium carbonate, 4.76% of sodium silicate powder and 14.31% of water; the bottom layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 11.25% of granulated blast furnace slag, 4.21% of steel slag, 70.1% of undisturbed shield muck, 1.73% of quick lime, 1.01% of sodium carbonate, 0.43% of sodium hydroxide, 1.15% of sodium silicate powder, 0.05% of fiber and 10.07% of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the surface layer raw material according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate, the sodium silicate powder and the water uniformly to obtain a surface layer material S1;
(2) respectively weighing the bottom layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the raw materials uniformly to obtain a bottom layer material S2;
(3) paving the surface layer material S1 at the bottom of the mold, pouring the bottom layer material on the surface layer material S1, naturally curing at room temperature for 24 hours, and then demolding to obtain a baking-free pavement brick I;
(4) and (4) naturally curing the baking-free pavement brick I at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the final baking-free pavement brick.
Wherein, the specific steps in the step (2) are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: adding water into undisturbed shield muck, and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture a;
step two: uniformly mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate and the sodium silicate powder to obtain a mixture b;
step three: adding the mixture b into the mixture a, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture c;
step four: and (3) simultaneously adding sodium hydroxide and fibers into the mixture c, and mixing and stirring for 10min or more until uniform to obtain a bottom layer material S2.
Tests prove that the volume density of the baking-free pavement brick prepared by the embodiment is 1801kg/m3(ii) a The average compressive strength is 12.89MPa, and FIG. 4 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain full curve chart of the baking-free pavement brick; the average breaking strength is 3.4 MPa; the water absorption rate is 1.81 percent; the average compressive strength after 25 cycles of freeze thawing is 10.76MPa, namely the strength loss is 16.5 percent and the mass loss is 0.4 percent; the surface pit length was 30 mm.
Example 5
An original shield muck baking-free pavement brick is composed of a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the thickness of the surface layer is 5mm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 55 mm; wherein, the raw materials are weighed according to the corresponding mass ratio, and the surface layer raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 11.89% of granulated blast furnace slag, 57.14% of steel slag, 7.14% of quick lime, 4.76% of sodium carbonate, 4.76% of sodium silicate powder and 14.31% of water; the bottom layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 9.83% of granulated blast furnace slag, 11.82% of steel slag, 61.11% of undisturbed shield slag soil, 2.13% of quick lime, 0.72% of sodium carbonate, 0.55% of sodium hydroxide, 0.91% of sodium silicate powder, 0.04% of fiber and 12.89% of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the surface layer raw material according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate, the sodium silicate powder and the water uniformly to obtain a surface layer material S1;
(2) respectively weighing the bottom layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the raw materials uniformly to obtain a bottom layer material S2;
(3) paving the surface layer material S1 at the bottom of the mold, pouring the bottom layer material on the surface layer material S1, naturally curing at room temperature for 24 hours, and then demolding to obtain a baking-free pavement brick I;
(4) and (4) naturally curing the baking-free pavement brick I at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the final baking-free pavement brick.
Wherein, the specific steps in the step (2) are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: adding water into undisturbed shield muck, and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture a;
step two: uniformly mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate and the sodium silicate powder to obtain a mixture b;
step three: adding the mixture b into the mixture a, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture c;
step four: and (3) simultaneously adding sodium hydroxide and fibers into the mixture c, and mixing and stirring for 10min until the mixture is uniform to obtain a bottom layer material S2.
Tests prove that the volume density of the baking-free pavement brick prepared by the embodiment is 1854kg/m3(ii) a The average compressive strength is 11.35MPa, and FIG. 5 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain full curve chart of the baking-free pavement brick; the average breaking strength is 3.2 MPa; the water absorption rate is 1.85 percent; the average compressive strength after 25 cycles of freeze thawing is 9.5MPa, namely the strength loss is 16.3 percent and the mass loss is 0.4 percent; the surface pit length was 30 mm.
Example 6
An original shield muck baking-free pavement brick is composed of a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the thickness of the surface layer is 3mm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 57 mm; wherein, the raw materials are weighed according to the corresponding mass ratio, and the surface layer raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 9.53% of granulated blast furnace slag, 63.16% of steel slag, 6.26% of quicklime, 2.63% of sodium carbonate, 2.63% of sodium silicate powder and 15.79% of water; the bottom layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 16.22% of granulated blast furnace slag, 6.82% of steel slag, 62.33% of undisturbed shield muck, 1.36% of quick lime, 0.68% of sodium carbonate, 0.44% of sodium hydroxide, 0.81% of sodium silicate powder, 0.03% of fiber and 11.31% of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the surface layer raw material according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate, the sodium silicate powder and the water uniformly to obtain a surface layer material S1;
(2) respectively weighing the bottom layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the raw materials uniformly to obtain a bottom layer material S2;
(3) paving the surface layer material S1 at the bottom of the mold, pouring the bottom layer material on the surface layer material S1, naturally curing at room temperature for 24 hours, and then demolding to obtain a baking-free pavement brick I;
(4) and (4) naturally curing the baking-free pavement brick I at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the final baking-free pavement brick.
Wherein, the specific steps in the step (2) are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: adding water into undisturbed shield muck, and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture a;
step two: uniformly mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate and the sodium silicate powder to obtain a mixture b;
step three: adding the mixture b into the mixture a, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture c;
step four: adding sodium hydroxide into the mixture c, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture d;
step five: and adding the basalt fibers into the mixture d, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a bottom layer material S2.
Tests show that the volume density of the baking-free pavement brick prepared by the embodiment is 1790kg/m3(ii) a The average compressive strength is 10.48MPa, and FIG. 6 shows the uniaxial compressive stress-strain total curvature of the baking-free pavement brickLine drawing; the average breaking strength is 3.0 MPa; the water absorption rate is 1.87%; the average compressive strength after 15 cycles of freeze thawing is 9.47MPa, namely the strength loss is 9.6 percent and the mass loss is 0.2 percent; the surface pit length was 34 mm.
As shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the baking-free pavement brick broken into two halves from the middle after the flexural strength test, and it can be seen from the cross section that the surface layer and the bottom layer of the pavement brick are firmly bonded, and the surface wear resistance of the pavement brick is ensured under the condition of not influencing other performance indexes.
Further, the double-layer composite effect of the undisturbed shield muck baking-free pavement brick is explained in detail.
Comparative example 1
A baking-free pavement brick comprises a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the thickness of the surface layer is 3mm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 57 mm; wherein, the raw materials are weighed according to the corresponding mass ratio, and the surface layer raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: PO42.5 cement 21.05%, steel slag 63.16% and water 15.79%; the bottom layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 16.22% of granulated blast furnace slag, 6.82% of steel slag, 62.33% of undisturbed shield muck, 1.36% of quick lime, 0.68% of sodium carbonate, 0.44% of sodium hydroxide, 0.81% of sodium silicate powder, 0.03% of fiber and 11.31% of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the surface layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring PO42.5 cement, steel slag and water uniformly to obtain a surface layer material S1;
(2) respectively weighing the bottom layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the raw materials uniformly to obtain a bottom layer material S2;
(3) paving the surface layer material S1 at the bottom of the mold, pouring the bottom layer material on the surface layer material S1, naturally curing at room temperature for 24 hours, and then demolding to obtain a baking-free pavement brick I;
(4) and (4) naturally curing the baking-free pavement brick I at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the final baking-free pavement brick.
Wherein, the specific steps in the step (2) are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: adding water into undisturbed shield muck, and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture a;
step two: uniformly mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate and the sodium silicate powder to obtain a mixture b;
step three: adding the mixture b into the mixture a, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture c;
step four: adding sodium hydroxide into the mixture c, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture d;
step five: and adding the basalt fibers into the mixture d, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a bottom layer material S2.
Tests show that the volume density of the baking-free pavement brick prepared by the comparative example is 1796kg/m3(ii) a The average compressive strength is 9.52MPa, and FIG. 7 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain full curve chart of the baking-free pavement brick; the average breaking strength is 2.8 MPa; the water absorption rate is 1.87%; the average compressive strength after 15 cycles of freeze thawing is 8.59MPa, namely the strength loss is 9.8 percent and the mass loss is 0.2 percent; the surface pit length was 36 mm.
FIG. 9 is a side view of the non-fired paviours made in comparative example 1 and example 6, side (a) being the side of the non-fired paviours made in comparative example 1 and side (b) being the side of the non-fired paviours made in example 6. As can be seen from fig. 9, the surface layer and the bottom layer of the pavior brick prepared in the comparative example 1 are not firmly bonded, and a crack is obviously visible along the interface of the two surfaces, while the surface layer and the bottom layer of the pavior brick prepared in the example 6 realize the seamless bonding effect.
Comparative example 2
An original shield muck baking-free pavement brick is composed of a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the thickness of the surface layer is 3mm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 57 mm; wherein, the raw materials are weighed according to the corresponding mass ratio, and the surface layer raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 9.53% of granulated blast furnace slag, 63.16% of steel slag, 6.26% of quicklime, 2.63% of sodium carbonate, 2.63% of sodium silicate powder and 15.79% of water; the bottom layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 16.22% of granulated blast furnace slag, 0% of steel slag, 69.15% of undisturbed shield slag soil, 1.36% of quick lime, 0.68% of sodium carbonate, 0.44% of sodium hydroxide, 0.81% of sodium silicate powder, 0.03% of fiber and 11.31% of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the surface layer raw material according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate, the sodium silicate powder and the water uniformly to obtain a surface layer material S1;
(2) respectively weighing the bottom layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the raw materials uniformly to obtain a bottom layer material S2;
(3) paving the surface layer material S1 at the bottom of the mold, pouring the bottom layer material on the surface layer material S1, naturally curing at room temperature for 24 hours, and then demolding to obtain a baking-free pavement brick I;
(4) and (4) naturally curing the baking-free pavement brick I at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the final baking-free pavement brick.
Wherein, the specific steps in the step (2) are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: adding water into undisturbed shield muck, and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture a;
step two: mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, quick lime, sodium carbonate and sodium silicate powder uniformly to obtain a mixture b;
step three: adding the mixture b into the mixture a, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture c;
step four: adding sodium hydroxide into the mixture c, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a mixture d;
step five: and adding the basalt fibers into the mixture d, and mixing and stirring for 5min to be uniform to obtain a bottom layer material S2.
Tests prove that the volume density of the baking-free pavement brick prepared by the comparative example is 1781kg/m3(ii) a The average compressive strength was 9.14MPa (as shown in FIG. 10), which is reduced by 14.7% compared to example 6; the average breaking strength is 2.9 MPa; the water absorption rate is 1.86 percent; the average compressive strength after 15 cycles of freeze thawing is 8.21MPa, namely the strength loss is 10.2 percent and the mass loss is 0.3 percent; the surface pit length was 34 mm.
Other beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) the brick is free from using traditional cementing materials such as cement and the like and aggregates such as machine-made sand or natural gravel and the like, is free from being sintered and is free from being formed by vibration or pressurization, and compared with the traditional pavement brick, the brick avoids the influence of harmful gas, dust, sewage, carbon emission, gravel mining and the like on the environment.
(2) The undisturbed shield muck does not need dehydration and screening treatment, so that the treatment process and flow are greatly simplified, and the production cost is reduced. The treatment process is simple, the demolding time is short, the turnover is fast, and the method can be popularized and copied in a construction site.
(3) The shield muck has universal applicability for different types of shield mucks, the difference of apparent density, water content, porosity, grain composition, permeability and the like is not required to be considered, and the muck in hard-plastic and soft-plastic states can be adjusted by adding water, so that the aims of pouring molding and resource utilization are fulfilled.
(4) The method combines the industrial waste residue and the undisturbed shield muck, treats the shield muck with large mixing amount and recycles the shield muck, changes waste into valuable by treating waste with waste, and greatly improves the additional value of the shield muck.
(5) The baking-free pavement brick prepared by the pouring method has the advantages of small volume density, high compressive strength and breaking strength, good frost resistance and good surface wear resistance, and can be widely applied to municipal squares, residential parks, garden roads and the like and power-assisted sponge city construction.
(6) The method has the advantages of saving the transportation cost and the disposal cost of the muck, reducing the construction cost, improving the field construction environment, avoiding the safety risk and hidden danger caused by the accumulation of the muck, and obtaining good economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.
It should be noted that, as the undisturbed fully weathered slate shield muck used in the above embodiments has a high degree of weathering, a large content of clay and a large content of water, and a small content of coarse particles, the performance of the prepared non-burned pavement brick is not optimal, and if other types of soil pressure balance shield muck (such as sand, silt layer, and various types of rock shield muck subjected to intermediate and strong weathering) are selected, the performance of the prepared non-burned pavement brick is more excellent, for example, the strength can exceed 20 MPa.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a non-burnt pavior brick of original state shield structure dregs, its characterized in that, non-burnt pavior brick of original state shield structure dregs comprises surface course and bottom, and bottom thickness is greater than surface course thickness, and surface course thickness is 3mm and above, and the surface course comprises following mass percent raw materials: 5-30% of granulated blast furnace slag, 35-70% of steel slag, 4-15% of quick lime, 1-15% of sodium carbonate, 1-15% of sodium silicate powder and 10-22% of water; the bottom layer is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-30% of granulated blast furnace slag, 1-15% of steel slag, 45-80% of undisturbed shield muck, 1-10% of quick lime, 0.5-8% of sodium carbonate, 0.1-5% of sodium hydroxide, 0.2-6% of sodium silicate powder, 0-0.3% of fiber and 1-15% of water.
2. The raw shield muck unburned road brick according to claim 1, wherein the raw shield muck is raw muck that has not been dehydrated and sieved and that has been cut by a cutter, enters a soil silo, and is transported or pumped to a ground muck pool by a screw conveyor, a belt conveyor, a rail muck truck.
3. The undisturbed shield muck unburned pavement brick of claim 1, wherein the fibers are at least one of basalt fibers, glass fibers, and polypropylene fibers.
4. The undisturbed shield muck unburned pavement brick of claim 1, wherein the mesh number of the granulated blast furnace slag is 200-400 meshes; the grain size of the steel slag is less than 9.5 mm; the calcium content of the quicklime is more than 90 percent, and the fineness is 100-200 meshes; the sodium carbonate is powder with the fineness of 100-200 meshes; the sodium silicate is powder, the modulus is 2.0-3.2, and the fineness is 100-200 meshes; the sodium hydroxide is in solid flake analytical purity, and the purity is more than 99%; the length of the fiber is more than 6mm, and the diameter is more than 9 μm.
5. The method for preparing the undisturbed shield muck baking-free pavior brick as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively weighing the surface layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate, the sodium silicate powder and the water uniformly to obtain a surface layer material S1;
(2) respectively weighing the bottom layer raw materials according to the mass percentage, and mixing and stirring the raw materials uniformly to obtain a bottom layer material S2;
(3) paving the surface layer material S1 at the bottom of the mold, pouring the bottom layer material on the surface layer material S1, naturally curing at room temperature, and demolding to obtain a baking-free pavement brick I;
(4) naturally curing the baking-free pavement brick I at room temperature for 1-28 days, and then putting the baking-free pavement brick I into water or a sodium hydroxide solution for soaking and curing for 0-28 days to obtain a baking-free pavement brick II;
(5) and removing the moisture on the surface of the baking-free pavement brick II by adopting a natural air drying or drying mode to obtain the final baking-free pavement brick.
6. The preparation method of the undisturbed shield muck unfired pavement brick according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), water is added into undisturbed shield muck and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixture a; uniformly mixing and stirring the granulated blast furnace slag, the steel slag, the quick lime, the sodium carbonate and the sodium silicate powder to obtain a mixture b; adding the mixture b into the mixture a, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture c; adding sodium hydroxide into the mixture c, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture d; adding the fibers into the mixture d, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a bottom layer material S2; or: and (3) simultaneously adding sodium hydroxide and fibers into the mixture c, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a bottom layer material S2.
7. The preparation method of the undisturbed shield muck baking-free pavior brick as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step (3), after the surface layer material S1 is flatly paved at the bottom of the mold, the surface layer material is uniformly filled at the bottom of the mold by adopting a mode of vibrating the mold; then pour the bottom material into on the surface course material S1, through the dead weight of bottom material with the surface course compaction for reach seamless bonding' S effect between surface course and the bottom.
8. The preparation method of the undisturbed shield muck unburned pavement brick according to claim 5, wherein in the step (3), the brick is naturally cured at room temperature for 1-24 hours and then is demoulded.
9. The method for preparing undisturbed shield muck baking-free pavior brick as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step (4), the water is tap water; the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is less than 1 mol/L.
10. The preparation method of the undisturbed shield muck unburned pavement brick according to claim 5, wherein solid powder pigment is added into a surface layer raw material or a liquid coloring agent is smeared on a molded surface layer for coloring so as to adapt to different application scene requirements.
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