CN111362660A - Baking-free pavement brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Baking-free pavement brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111362660A CN111362660A CN202010193889.5A CN202010193889A CN111362660A CN 111362660 A CN111362660 A CN 111362660A CN 202010193889 A CN202010193889 A CN 202010193889A CN 111362660 A CN111362660 A CN 111362660A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The invention relates to a baking-free pavement brick and a preparation method thereof. The baking-free pavement brick comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer, wherein the surface layer covers the bottom layer, and the thickness ratio of the bottom layer to the surface layer is 2-6: 1; the bottom layer consists of shield slag, first granulated blast furnace slag and a first alkali activator; the surface layer is composed of one or more of crushed stone, sand and steel slag, second granulated blast furnace slag and a second alkaline excitant, the mass ratio of one or more of the crushed stone, the sand and the steel slag to the second granulated blast furnace slag is 7-8:2-3, the mass ratio of the total mass of one or more of the crushed stone, the sand and the steel slag to the second granulated blast furnace slag to the second alkaline excitant is 1:0.10-0.12, the compression strength and the frost resistance of the pavement brick are improved while the water permeability and the water storage property of the pavement brick are ensured, and the fracture resistance and the wear resistance of the pavement brick are ensured. The invention also provides a preparation method of the baking-free pavior brick.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building material technology and solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a baking-free pavement brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The existing method for treating shield muck is to transport the muck to a designated muck digestion site for open-air stacking or landfill in a project backfill area. As the shield muck has high water content and great harmfulness, accidents such as landslide and the like are easily caused by open stacking, great potential safety hazards exist, a large amount of land resources are occupied, and the surrounding water and soil environment is polluted.
Blast furnace slag is the most important waste slag in the smelting industry, and at present, the blast furnace slag has a space for further full resource utilization. The steel slag has great differences in components and properties due to different treatment processes, for example, the steel slag has poor stability due to high content of free calcium oxide, and is difficult to grind due to high content of metal iron, so that the large-scale application of the steel slag is restricted, and the comprehensive utilization rate of the steel slag is less than 30%. Therefore, the comprehensive utilization rate of the catalyst needs to be improved.
The traditional pavement bricks are all made of cement and other gelled materials, and aggregate such as stones and sands as main raw materials through processing, vibration pressurizing or other molding processes. And about 1kg of carbon dioxide is discharged when 1kg of cement is produced, and harmful gas, dust and sewage are discharged at the same time, so that great harm is caused to the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to obtain the baking-free pavement brick with excellent compressive strength, frost resistance, fracture resistance and wear resistance by using the shield muck as a main raw material.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a baking-free pavement brick and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a baking-free pavement brick, which comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer, wherein the surface layer covers the bottom layer, and the thickness ratio of the bottom layer to the surface layer is 2-6: 1;
the bottom layer is composed of shield slag soil, first granulated blast furnace slag and a first alkaline activator, the mass ratio of the shield slag soil to the first granulated blast furnace slag is 7-8:2-3, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the shield slag soil and the first granulated blast furnace slag to the first alkaline activator is 1: 0.13-0.17;
the surface layer is composed of one or more of crushed stone, sand and steel slag, second granulated blast furnace slag and a second alkaline exciting agent, the mass ratio of the one or more of crushed stone, sand and steel slag to the second granulated blast furnace slag is 7-8:2-3, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the one or more of crushed stone, sand and steel slag to the second granulated blast furnace slag to the second alkaline exciting agent is 1: 0.10-0.12.
Preferably, the particle size of the shield muck is 0-2 mm; and/or the mesh number of the first granulated blast furnace slag or the second granulated blast furnace slag is 200-400 meshes.
Preferably, the grain size of the steel slag is 0-5mm, and the grain size of the broken stone and the sand is 0.5-9.5 mm.
Preferably, the steel slag is one or more of electric furnace steel slag, open-hearth steel slag and converter steel slag.
Preferably, the first alkaline stimulant or the second alkaline stimulant includes one or both of a potassium hydroxide solution and a sodium hydroxide solution, and water glass.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution or the sodium hydroxide solution is 8-10mol/L, the mass ratio of the water glass to one or two of the potassium hydroxide solution or the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-1.8:1, and the modulus of the water glass is 3.1-3.4.
Preferably, the shield muck is medium stroke conglomerate or argillaceous silty rock-soil mixture muck; the shield muck comprises one or more of crushed stone, sand, silt and clay.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the baking-free pavior brick, which comprises the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing the shield slag soil and the first granulated blast furnace slag according to the proportion, adding a first alkaline activator and stirring to obtain a bottom layer raw material;
2) one or more of the crushed stone, the sand or the steel slag is uniformly mixed with the second granulated blast furnace slag, and then a second alkaline excitant mixed solution is added to be stirred, so that a surface layer raw material is obtained;
3) and filling and pressing the bottom layer raw material, then flatly paving the surface layer raw material on the bottom layer for pressing and forming, and demolding and maintaining to obtain the baking-free pavement brick.
Preferably, in step 3), after filling and pressing the base layer raw material, the method further comprises roughening the upper surface of the base layer, and then spreading the surface layer raw material on the base layer for press forming.
Preferably, in the step 1), the first alkali-activator is added and stirred for 10-15 min; and/or, in the step 2), adding the second basic excitant and stirring for 5-10 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the mass ratio of the shield slag soil to the first granulated blast furnace slag in the bottom layer of the baking-free pavement brick is 7-8:2-3, the granulated blast furnace slag is added according to the mass ratio, the particle size distribution of the shield slag soil is improved, the pores among the shield slag soil with a net structure are reduced, the bottom layer structure of the baking-free pavement brick is more compact, the mass ratio of the total mass of the shield slag soil and the first granulated blast furnace slag to the first alkaline excitant is 1:0.13-0.17, the alkaline excitant is added according to the mass ratio, the granulated blast furnace slag generates a cementing substance to realize the connection among particles, and the skeleton structure of the bottom layer of the baking-free pavement brick is not influenced, so that the water storage function of the bottom layer structure is ensured; the mass ratio of one or more of the crushed stone, the sand and the steel slag to the second granulated blast furnace slag in the surface layer of the baking-free pavement brick is 7-8:2-3, the surface layer has a certain water permeable function and wear resistance due to the matching of the components of the surface layer, the mass ratio of the total mass of one or more of the crushed stone, the sand and the steel slag to the second granulated blast furnace slag to the second alkaline exciting agent is 1:0.10-0.12, the connection of surface layer particles is realized, the thickness ratio of the bottom layer to the surface layer is 2-6:1, the water permeability and the water storage property of the pavement brick are ensured, the compression strength and the frost resistance of the pavement brick are improved, and the folding resistance and the wear resistance of the pavement brick are ensured.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a cumulative distribution curve of particle sizes of raw materials for a bottom layer of the pavement brick of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain curve for a pavement brick according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a bending stress-displacement curve of the pavement brick of the embodiment 1 of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a uniaxial compressive stress-strain curve of a pavior brick of example 1 of the present invention after 25 cycles of freeze-thawing.
FIG. 5 is a drawing of a non-fired pavior brick embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 6 is a pit-grinding test chart of the pavior brick of the embodiment 2 of the invention, wherein, (a) is a pit-grinding test state chart; (b) the pavement brick is subjected to pit grinding test.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The specific embodiment provides a baking-free pavement brick, which comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer, wherein the surface layer covers the bottom layer, and the thickness ratio of the bottom layer to the surface layer is 2-6: 1;
the bottom layer is composed of shield slag with the particle size of 0-2mm, first granulated blast furnace slag with the mesh number of 200-400 meshes and a first alkaline excitant, the mass ratio of the shield slag to the first granulated blast furnace slag is 7-8:2-3, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the shield slag and the first granulated blast furnace slag to the first alkaline excitant is 1: 0.13-0.17;
the surface layer is composed of one or more of crushed stone, sand and steel slag with the particle size of 0.5-9.5 m, second granulated blast furnace slag with the particle size of 0-5mm and a 200-mesh 400-mesh basic exciting agent, the mass ratio of the one or more of the crushed stone, the sand and the steel slag to the second granulated blast furnace slag is 7-8:2-3, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the one or more of the crushed stone, the sand and the steel slag to the second granulated blast furnace slag to the second basic exciting agent is 1: 0.10-0.12.
In this embodiment, the steel slag is one or more of electric furnace steel slag, open-hearth steel slag and converter steel slag; the first alkaline activator or the second alkaline activator comprises one or two of a potassium hydroxide solution and a sodium hydroxide solution, and water glass.
In the specific embodiment, the substance amount concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution or the sodium hydroxide solution is 8-10mol/L, the mass ratio of the water glass to one or both of the potassium hydroxide solution or the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-1.8:1, and the modulus of the water glass is 3.1-3.4.
In the specific embodiment, the shield muck is medium stroke conglomerate or argillaceous silty rock-soil mixture muck; the shield muck comprises one or more of crushed stone, sand, silt and clay.
In the embodiment, the paving brick can be added with a pigment or a coloring layer according to needs.
In the specific embodiment, the pavement bricks can be made into different sizes or different structural forms, and can be widely applied to urban roads, residential districts, municipal squares, parks and the like.
The specific embodiment also provides a preparation method of the baking-free pavior brick, which comprises the following steps:
1) naturally airing or drying the undisturbed shield muck, crushing and screening the undisturbed shield muck to obtain shield muck with the thickness of less than 2mm and crushed stone and sand with the thickness of 0.5-9.5 mm for later use;
2) uniformly mixing the shield slag soil and the first granulated blast furnace slag according to the proportion, adding a first alkaline activator, and stirring for 10-15min to obtain a bottom layer raw material;
3) uniformly mixing one or more of crushed stone, sand or steel slag with second granulated blast furnace slag, adding a second alkaline excitant mixed solution, and stirring for 5-10min to obtain a surface layer raw material;
4) filling 2-3 layers of bottom raw materials into a die for press forming, chiseling the upper surface of the bottom raw materials, then paving the surface raw materials on the bottom layer for press forming, adopting a one-way pressurization or two-way pressurization mode for press forming, wherein the forming pressure is 8MPa-10MPa, naturally curing the formed test piece for 6h-24h, then demoulding, and then covering a film for natural curing for 28d to obtain the final pavement brick finished product. Roughening the upper surface of the bottom layer raw material so as to enable the surface layer and the bottom layer to be better attached and compacted; some of the slits may be chiseled out using a knife or the like.
In the specific embodiment, the crushed stone and sand are mixed with the granulated blast furnace slag, and then the powder particles and sticky particles on the surface layer are cleaned by water, and then dried or baked for standby; the sodium hydroxide solution is preferably prepared by adding water 24h in advance of solid flake analytical purification for later use.
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the following embodiments, the shield muck is taken from an apoplastic conglomerate muck sample in a certain interval of a long-sand subway, dried or dried, crushed and screened to obtain muck with the particle size of less than 2mm and crushed stone and sand with the particle size of 0.5-9.5 mm, and the muck is cleaned by water and dried or dried for later use; the mesh number of the granulated blast furnace slag is 200, the grain size of the steel slag is less than 5mm, the mass concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 10mol/L, and the modulus of water glass is 3.26, and the granulated blast furnace slag is all sold in the market. The pavior brick is prepared by the processes of material preparation, material proportioning, stirring, molding, demolding and the like.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a baking-free pavior brick, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the granulated blast furnace slag, the shield slag soil below 2mm and the alkaline activator according to a ratio, wherein the mass ratio of the granulated blast furnace slag to the shield slag soil below 2mm is 3:7, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the shield slag soil below 2mm and the granulated blast furnace slag to the alkaline activator is 1:0.15, wherein the alkaline activator is prepared by mixing water glass and a sodium hydroxide solution according to a ratio of 1.2:1, and the granulated blast furnace slag, the shield slag soil below 2mm and the alkaline activator are weighed according to the ratio and stirred for 10min to be uniform, so as to obtain a bottom material;
2) weighing the granulated blast furnace slag, 0.5mm-5mm crushed stone or sand, converter steel slag and an alkaline activator according to a proportion, wherein the mass ratio of the granulated blast furnace slag to the 0.5mm-5mm crushed stone or sand to the converter steel slag is 3:7, the mass ratio of the total mass of the 0.5mm-5mm crushed stone or sand, the converter steel slag and the granulated blast furnace slag to the alkaline activator is 1:0.12, the alkaline activator is prepared by mixing water glass and a sodium hydroxide solution according to a proportion of 1.2:1, and the granulated blast furnace slag, the 0.5mm-5mm crushed stone or sand, the steel slag and the alkaline activator are weighed according to the proportion and stirred for 5min to be uniform to obtain a surface layer material;
3) and filling the bottom layer material into the die in 2 layers according to the thickness ratio of the bottom layer to the surface layer of 5:1, performing unidirectional pressurization to 9MPa by adopting a press machine after filling each layer, roughening, finally paving the surface layer material on the bottom layer, and performing unidirectional pressurization to 9MPa by adopting the press machine to obtain the molded test piece. And naturally curing the molded test piece for 12h, then demolding, and then naturally curing the coated film for 28d to obtain the final pavement brick finished product.
In this example, three test pieces were prepared, and the average compressive strength of the obtained pavement brick as shown in FIG. 2 was tested to be 51.8 MPa; the average flexural strength is 9.1MPa as shown in FIG. 3; as shown in fig. 4, the average compressive strength after 25 freeze-thaw cycles is 46.4MPa, the average strength loss is 10.4%, and the average mass loss is 0.8%; the average pit length was 22 mm.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a baking-free pavior brick, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the granulated blast furnace slag, the shield slag soil below 2mm and the alkaline activator according to a ratio, wherein the mass ratio of the granulated blast furnace slag to the shield slag soil below 2mm is 3:7, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the shield slag soil below 2mm and the granulated blast furnace slag to the alkaline activator is 1:0.14, wherein the alkaline activator is prepared by mixing water glass and a sodium hydroxide solution according to a ratio of 1.2:1, and the granulated blast furnace slag, the shield slag soil below 2mm and the alkaline activator are weighed according to the ratio and stirred for 10min to be uniform, so as to obtain a bottom material;
2) weighing the granulated blast furnace slag, 2mm-5mm crushed stone or sand and an alkaline activator according to a ratio, wherein the mass ratio of the granulated blast furnace slag to the 2mm-5mm crushed stone or sand is 3:7, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the 2mm-5mm crushed stone or sand and the granulated blast furnace slag to the alkaline activator is 1:0.12, wherein the alkaline activator is prepared by mixing water glass and a sodium hydroxide solution according to a ratio of 1.2:1, and the granulated blast furnace slag, the 2mm-5mm crushed stone or sand and the alkaline activator are weighed according to the ratio and stirred for 5min to be uniform to obtain a surface layer material;
3) and (3) filling the bottom layer material into the die in 2 layers according to the thickness ratio of the bottom layer to the surface layer of 5:1, performing unidirectional pressurization to 8MPa by adopting a press machine after each layer is filled, roughening, finally paving the surface layer material on the bottom layer, and performing unidirectional pressurization to 8MPa by adopting the press machine to obtain the molded test piece. And (3) naturally curing the molded test piece for 24 hours, then demolding, coating and naturally curing for 28 days to obtain a final pavement brick finished product, wherein a physical diagram of the pavement brick is shown in figure 5, and the size of the pavement brick is 240 × 115 × 60 mm.
The test shows that the compressive strength of the obtained pavement brick is 31 MPa; the breaking strength is 6.9 MPa; the compressive strength after 25 times of freeze-thaw cycles is 30MPa, the strength loss is 3.2 percent, and the mass loss is 0.5 percent; in connection with fig. 6, the measured pit length was 50 mm.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a baking-free pavior brick, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the granulated blast furnace slag, shield muck below 2mm and an alkaline activator according to the mass ratio, wherein the mass ratio of the granulated blast furnace slag to the shield muck below 2mm is 3:7, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the shield muck below 2mm and the granulated blast furnace slag to the alkaline activator is 1:0.15, wherein the alkaline activator is prepared by mixing water glass and a sodium hydroxide solution according to the mass ratio of 1.2:1, and the granulated blast furnace slag, the shield muck below 2mm and the alkaline activator are weighed according to the above ratio and stirred for 10min to be uniform, so as to obtain a bottom layer material;
2) weighing the granulated blast furnace slag, 0.5mm-5mm crushed stone or sand and an alkaline activator according to a ratio, wherein the mass ratio of the granulated blast furnace slag to the 0.5mm-5mm crushed stone or sand is 3:7, the mass ratio of the total mass of the 0.5mm-5mm crushed stone or sand and the granulated blast furnace slag to the alkaline activator is 1:0.12, the alkaline activator is prepared by mixing water glass and sodium hydroxide solution according to a ratio of 1.2:1, and the granulated blast furnace slag, the 0.5mm-5mm crushed stone or sand and the alkaline activator are weighed according to the ratio and stirred for 5min to be uniform, so as to obtain a surface layer material;
3) and (3) filling the bottom layer material into the die in 2 layers according to the thickness ratio of the bottom layer to the surface layer of 5:1, performing unidirectional pressurization to 8MPa by adopting a press machine after each layer is filled, roughening, finally paving the surface layer material on the bottom layer, and performing unidirectional pressurization to 8MPa by adopting the press machine to obtain the molded test piece. And naturally curing the molded test piece for 24 hours, then demolding, and then naturally curing the coated film for 28 days to obtain the final pavement brick finished product.
The test shows that the compressive strength of the obtained pavement brick is 31.4 MPa; the breaking strength is 4.8 MPa; the compressive strength after 25 times of freeze-thaw cycles is 30.6MPa, the strength loss is 2.5 percent, and the mass loss is 0.5 percent; the length of the grinding pit is 34 mm.
The invention has other beneficial effects:
(1) traditional cementing materials such as cement and the like, aggregate such as machine-made sand or natural sandstone and the like are not needed, sintering is not needed, and the influence of harmful gas, dust, sewage, carbon emission, sandstone exploitation and the like on the environment is avoided. The compression strength, the breaking strength, the grinding pit length and the freezing resistance of the prepared pavement brick completely meet and are superior to the requirements of GB28635-2012 concrete pavement brick grade C50. Meanwhile, the pavement brick takes macadam, sand, steel slag and the like as surface layers, has a good water permeable function, and the bottom layer is mainly fine-grained shield muck, so that the pavement brick keeps an excellent water storage function and assists sponge city construction.
(2) With reference to fig. 1, by adding granulated blast furnace slag, the particle size distribution of the slag is improved, and the pores between the mixed material network structure of the slag and the granulated blast furnace slag are reduced, so that the material structure is more compact. The heterogeneous coefficient of the stroke conglomerate muck with the thickness of less than 2mm is 10.845, the curvature coefficient Cc is 0.603 (d)10＝2.012um，d30＝5.144um，d6021.820um) and 30% blast furnace slag, the nonuniform coefficient of the mixture is Cu 6.604, and the curvature coefficient is Cc 1.060 (d)10＝1.885um，d30＝4.988um，d60＝12.449um)。
(3) The pavement brick bottom layer strength and the surface layer strength are composed of gelled substances generated by alkali-activated blast furnace slag and the self skeleton structure strength of materials, the bottom layer material is used for forming a skeleton structure function by sand grains, the surface layer material is composed of broken stones, sand or steel slag, and burrs are formed at the composite position of the bottom layer and the surface layer; meanwhile, the materials are respectively mixed with the liquid excitant with the optimal liquid-solid ratio by mass, so that the granulated blast furnace slag obtains the most gelled substances while improving the particle size distribution, the integral compression strength and frost resistance of the pavement brick are ensured, and the fracture resistance of the pavement brick is ensured.
(4) Broken stones, sand and blast furnace slag are used as a surface layer, so that the surface wear resistance of the pavement brick is improved, and the phenomena of dust generation and corner falling are avoided; by further adding the steel slag, the steel slag is used as the aggregate of the surface layer, so that the compressive strength of the surface layer is improved; meanwhile, the characteristic of wear resistance of the steel slag is fully utilized, the problem of surface wear resistance of the pavement brick is solved, and excellent anti-skid performance is shown.
(5) The thickness ratio of the bottom layer to the surface layer is designed according to actual conditions, broken stones, sand, silt, clay, steel slag and granulated blast furnace slag in the shield slag soil are efficiently and synergistically utilized, the slag soil mixing amount reaches 70% or more, the slag soil mixing amount is large, a large amount of shield slag soil is consumed, unidirectional pressure forming is adopted, vibration pressure is not needed, forming pressure is small (less than 10MPa), demoulding time is short, the turnover of a mould is fast, the production process is simple, cost is low, and the method has remarkable social benefit, environmental benefit and economic benefit.
(6) The composite double-layer baking-free pavement brick is invented by combining steel slag and blast furnace slag according to the characteristics that the proportion of particles with the particle size of less than 2mm in typical shield slag soil such as medium-stroke conglomerate, argillaceous siltstone and the like is 50-75%, and the proportion of crushed stone or sand with the particle size of 0.5-9.5 mm is 20-35%. Taking slag soil and blast furnace slag with the thickness of less than 2mm as a bottom layer, wherein the thickness ratio of the bottom layer to the surface layer is (2-6): 1, a large amount of muck is consumed; broken stone, sand or steel slag and blast furnace slag are used as surface layers, so that the problem of wear resistance of the pavement brick is solved, and dusting and corner falling are avoided; the pavement brick changes the current situation that the prior pavement brick consumes a large amount of gravels by using gravels and sands as aggregates, and changes the traditional pavement brick mode of using coarse aggregates as a bottom layer and fine aggregates as a surface layer.
(7) The shield muck comprises crushed stone, sand, silt, clay and water, the crushed stone, the sand and the muck with the particle size of less than 2mm are screened, and the steel slag and the blast furnace slag are efficiently and synergistically utilized to manufacture the green environment-friendly pavement brick, so that the green environment-friendly pavement brick not only accords with the concepts of sustainable development and green development, but also can generate great economic benefit and social benefit.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
Claims (10)
1. The baking-free pavement brick is characterized by comprising a bottom layer and a surface layer, wherein the surface layer covers the bottom layer, and the thickness ratio of the bottom layer to the surface layer is 2-6: 1;
the bottom layer is composed of shield slag soil, first granulated blast furnace slag and a first alkaline activator, the mass ratio of the shield slag soil to the first granulated blast furnace slag is 7-8:2-3, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the shield slag soil and the first granulated blast furnace slag to the first alkaline activator is 1: 0.13-0.17;
the surface layer is composed of one or more of crushed stone, sand and steel slag, second granulated blast furnace slag and a second alkaline exciting agent, the mass ratio of the one or more of crushed stone, sand and steel slag to the second granulated blast furnace slag is 7-8:2-3, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the one or more of crushed stone, sand and steel slag to the second granulated blast furnace slag to the second alkaline exciting agent is 1: 0.10-0.12.
2. The baking-free pavior brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the shield muck is 0-2 mm; and/or the mesh number of the first granulated blast furnace slag or the second granulated blast furnace slag is 200-400 meshes.
3. The baking-free paving brick as recited in claim 1, wherein the steel slag has a particle size of 0-5mm, and the crushed stone and sand have a particle size of 0.5-9.5 mm.
4. The baking-free pavior brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steel slag is one or more of electric furnace steel slag, open furnace steel slag and converter steel slag.
5. The unfired pavior brick of claim 1, wherein the first or second alkaline activator comprises one or both of a potassium hydroxide solution and a sodium hydroxide solution, and water glass.
6. The baking-free pavior brick as claimed in claim 5, wherein the substance concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution or the sodium hydroxide solution is 8-10mol/L, the mass ratio of the water glass to one or both of the potassium hydroxide solution or the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-1.8:1, and the modulus of the water glass is 3.1-3.4.
7. The baking-free pavior brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shield muck is of the type muck of a mixture of medium stroke conglomerate or argillaceous silty rock-soil; the shield muck comprises one or more of crushed stone, sand, silt and clay.
8. A process for preparing a non-fired pavior brick as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
1) uniformly mixing the shield slag soil and the first granulated blast furnace slag according to the proportion, adding a first alkaline activator and stirring to obtain a bottom layer raw material;
2) one or more of the crushed stone, the sand or the steel slag is uniformly mixed with the second granulated blast furnace slag, and then a second alkaline excitant mixed solution is added to be stirred, so that a surface layer raw material is obtained;
3) and filling and pressing the bottom layer raw material, then flatly paving the surface layer raw material on the bottom layer for pressing and forming, and demolding and maintaining to obtain the baking-free pavement brick.
9. The method for preparing the floor covering according to claim 8, wherein in the step 3), the step of filling and pressing the bottom layer raw material further comprises roughening the upper surface of the bottom layer, and then the step of spreading the surface layer raw material on the bottom layer for pressing and forming.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein in step 1), the first alkali-activator is added and stirred for 10-15 min; and/or, in the step 2), adding the second basic excitant and stirring for 5-10 min.
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